牛津英語(yǔ)模塊3第二單元語(yǔ)法名詞性從句

1、 Unit 1 The world of our sense Grammar Noun clause名詞性從句名詞性從句 名詞性從句相當(dāng)于名詞，可分別作主句的主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、名詞性從句相當(dāng)于名詞，可分別作主句的主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和同位語(yǔ)。因此，名詞性從句廳分為主語(yǔ)從句、表賓語(yǔ)和同位語(yǔ)。因此，名詞性從句廳分為主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句和同位從句。語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句和同位從句。（一）引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞（一）引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞 1 1、連接代詞：、連接代詞：who, whose, whom, what, whichwho, whose, whom, what, which。有。有詞義，在從句中擔(dān)任

2、成分，如主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、或定詞義，在從句中擔(dān)任成分，如主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、或定語(yǔ)等。語(yǔ)等。 2 2、連接副詞：、連接副詞：when, where, why, howwhen, where, why, how。有詞義，在。有詞義，在從句中擔(dān)任成分，作狀語(yǔ)。從句中擔(dān)任成分，作狀語(yǔ)。 3 3、連接詞：、連接詞：that, whether, if, as ifthat, whether, if, as if。that that 無(wú)詞無(wú)詞義，在從句中不擔(dān)任成分，有時(shí)可省略；義，在從句中不擔(dān)任成分，有時(shí)可省略；if (whether), if (whether), as ifas if雖有詞義，但在從句中

3、不擔(dān)任成分。雖有詞義，但在從句中不擔(dān)任成分。注意注意： 連接代詞與連接副詞在句中不再是疑問(wèn)句，因而從句中謂語(yǔ)不用疑問(wèn)式。連接代詞與連接副詞在從句充當(dāng)句子成分，連接詞whether 和if（是否），as if（好象）在從句中不充當(dāng)句子成分，只起連接作用。根據(jù)句義，如果連接代詞與連接副詞，whether、if 和as if都用不上時(shí)，才用that作連接詞（that本身無(wú)任何含義）。 （二）主語(yǔ)從句（二）主語(yǔ)從句1、主語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句作主語(yǔ)。Who will go is not important.2、用it作形式主語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)從句放在句末。It doesnt matter so much whether

4、 you will come or not.3、that引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，不能省略。That he suddenly fell ill last week made us surprised.（三）表語(yǔ)從句三）表語(yǔ)從句1 1、表語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中作表語(yǔ)，位于系動(dòng)詞之后。、表語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中作表語(yǔ)，位于系動(dòng)詞之后。 The question was who could go there. The question was who could go there.2 2、引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句的連接詞、引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句的連接詞thatthat有時(shí)可省去。有時(shí)可省去。 My idea is (that) we can

5、get more comrades to My idea is (that) we can get more comrades to help. help.（四）賓語(yǔ)從句（四）賓語(yǔ)從句1 1、賓語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中作賓語(yǔ)。引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的連詞、賓語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中作賓語(yǔ)。引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的連詞thatthat一般可省略。一般可省略。 I hope (that) everything is all right. I hope (that) everything is all right.2 2、介詞之后的賓語(yǔ)從句，不可用、介詞之后的賓語(yǔ)從句，不可用whichwhich或或ifif連接，要分別連接，要分別用用

6、whatwhat或或whetherwhether。Im interested in whether youve finished the Im interested in whether youve finished the work.work.Im interested in what youve said.Im interested in what youve said.3 3、whetherwhether與與ifif都可以引導(dǎo)賓從，?？苫Q。但下面情況不能互換。都可以引導(dǎo)賓從，?？苫Q。但下面情況不能互換。 賓語(yǔ)從句是否定句時(shí)，只用賓語(yǔ)從句是否定句時(shí)，只用ifif，不用，不用whethe

7、rwhether。 I wonder if it doesnt rain.I wonder if it doesnt rain. 用用if if 會(huì)引起誤解，就要用會(huì)引起誤解，就要用whetherwhether。 Please let me know whether you want to go.Please let me know whether you want to go.（此句如果把（此句如果把whetherwhether改成改成ifif，容易當(dāng)成條件句理解），容易當(dāng)成條件句理解） 賓語(yǔ)從句中的賓語(yǔ)從句中的whether whether 與與or notor not直接連用，就不能換成

8、直接連用，就不能換成ifif；不；不直接連用，可換。直接連用，可換。I dont know whether or not the report is true.I dont know whether or not the report is true.I dont know whether/if the report is true or not.I dont know whether/if the report is true or not. 介詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句要用介詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句要用whetherwhether引導(dǎo)。引導(dǎo)。whether whether 可與不定式連可與不定式連用。用。whe

9、therwhether也可引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句，還可引也可引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句，還可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，以上均不能換成導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，以上均不能換成ifif。但引導(dǎo)條件從句時(shí)，只能。但引導(dǎo)條件從句時(shí)，只能用用ifif，而不能用，而不能用whetherwhether。It depends on whether we have enough time.It depends on whether we have enough time.They dont know whether to go there.They dont know whether to go there.

10、Please come to see me if you have time.Please come to see me if you have time.（五）同位語(yǔ)從句五）同位語(yǔ)從句 同位語(yǔ)從句在句中作某一名詞的同位語(yǔ)，一同位語(yǔ)從句在句中作某一名詞的同位語(yǔ)，一般位于該名詞（如：般位于該名詞（如：news, fact, idea, news, fact, idea, suggestion, promisesuggestion, promise等）之后，說(shuō)明該名詞的等）之后，說(shuō)明該名詞的具體內(nèi)容。具體內(nèi)容。I have no idea when he will be back.I have n

11、o idea when he will be back.The fact that he had not said anything The fact that he had not said anything surprised everybody.surprised everybody.LEVEL 1翻譯以下句子，并指出帶下劃線的從句屬于名詞性從句中的哪一種。1.What he wants is a book.2.It is so nice that we can learn this grammar point together.3.Im so glad that I can make

12、friends with you.4.This is why he did it.5.Do you agree to the suggestion that we (should) have a trip in Tibet?6.That he wants a book is certain.7.I suggested just now we (should) take part in this competition.8.Whether you like him or not doesnt matter too much.9.He doesnt know whether you can sin

13、g it well.10.The problem is whether you can sing it well.11.The problem whether it is right or wrong has not been decided.12.Please tell me who your monitor is. 主語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句 某些作表語(yǔ)的形容詞，如: sure, happy, glad, certain等之后也可帶賓語(yǔ)從句。例如： I am sure that he will succeed

14、. I am glad that you can come and help me. Subject clause引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句的連詞主要有引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句的連詞主要有:一一.由由 that 引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo):1. That we shall be late is certain.2. _ is known to all. (地球是圓的地球是圓的)3. _ is a pity. (你錯(cuò)過(guò)了這次機(jī)會(huì)你錯(cuò)過(guò)了這次機(jī)會(huì)) that 無(wú)意義無(wú)意義, 但不能省略但不能省略. 后接一個(gè)完整的后接一個(gè)完整的陳述句陳述句.That the earth is roundThat you missed the chanceth

15、atwhether疑問(wèn)詞疑問(wèn)詞Whether we will succeed is still a question.是否我們要參加這次會(huì)議仍未被決定。 Whether we shall attend the meeting hasnt been decided yet. 2.我們是否應(yīng)該繼續(xù)做這個(gè)試驗(yàn)還沒(méi)有討論. Whether we should continue to do the experiment has not been discussed.陳述語(yǔ)序陳述語(yǔ)序3. 疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句 what; which; who; whom; when; where; why; how 原則

16、:缺什么補(bǔ)什么缺什么補(bǔ)什么 What he said at the meeting surprised us. Who will win the game is not clear. Where he will go is unknown.AEx.CA We believe he is honest. I told him I would come back soon.thatif/whether疑問(wèn)詞疑問(wèn)詞 and if/whether aliens really exist. He said that he liked rain very muchandthat he would not

17、use an umbrella.if 和和whether 的選用的選用1)從句是一般疑問(wèn)句作動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)從句是一般疑問(wèn)句作動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ),二者都可用二者都可用;2)Whether or not搭配搭配,不能用不能用if;3)主語(yǔ)從句不能用主語(yǔ)從句不能用if;4)表語(yǔ)從句與同位語(yǔ)從句也不能用表語(yǔ)從句與同位語(yǔ)從句也不能用if;5)修飾介詞的賓語(yǔ)從句也不能用修飾介詞的賓語(yǔ)從句也不能用if;6)連詞后直接加不定式連詞后直接加不定式to do, 連詞不能選用連詞不能選用if.if / whether1. I asked her _ she had a bike.2._ we will hold a party

18、 in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.3. Were worried about _ he is safe.4. I dont know _ he is well or not.5. I dont know _ or not he is well.6. The question is _ he should do it.7.The doctor can hardly answer the question _ the old man will recover soon.8. I dont know _ to go.if / wheth

19、erWhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhether 1. I dont know _ broke the glass yesterday. 2. We should pay attention to _ the teacher is saying. 3. The teacher asked _ I was getting on with my classmates. A.what B. that C. how D. if 4. We thought _ strange that she didnt come yesterday. A. tha

20、t B. it C. this D. whatwhowhatCB4.語(yǔ)序問(wèn)題1.The photographs will show you _. A. what does our village look like B. what our village looks like C. how does our village look like D. how our village looks like 2.You can hardly imagine _when he heard the news. A. how he was excited B. how was he excited C.

21、how excited he was D. he was how excited3.He asked_for a violin.（MET92） A. did I pay how much B. I paid how much C. how much did I pay D. how much I paid BCD5.賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)1. 如果主句時(shí)態(tài)是現(xiàn)在時(shí)或?qū)?lái)時(shí)如果主句時(shí)態(tài)是現(xiàn)在時(shí)或?qū)?lái)時(shí),從句謂語(yǔ)可根據(jù)句意需要而選用從句謂語(yǔ)可根據(jù)句意需要而選用任一種時(shí)態(tài)任一種時(shí)態(tài). a .他相信他的夢(mèng)想總有一天會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)的他相信他的夢(mèng)想總有一天會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)的. He believes _ .

22、b .請(qǐng)告訴我你昨天這個(gè)時(shí)候在干什么請(qǐng)告訴我你昨天這個(gè)時(shí)候在干什么. Please tell me _.his dream will come true some daywhat you were doing at this time yesterday2. He told me. I am preparing for the exam. He told me. I have left my hometown for many years. 3.老師告訴我們地球是圓的。老師告訴我們地球是圓的。 The teacher told us _.He told me he was preparing

23、for the exam.He told me he had left his hometown for many years.the earth is round1.It now appears _ they are in need of help. A. that B. which C. what D. how3.It _ he is late for class.A. may that B. might thatC. may be that D. might be what4._ knows the truth will tell you about it. A. Who that B.

24、 Whoever C. Whom that D. That who5.You must do well _ the teacher asks you to do. A. which B. what C. that D. where6. _ his dream of going to college will come true is uncertain. A. That B. Whether C. If D. Even if7. - I saw your neighbor break your window with a basketball. - _ it made me nearly ma

25、d. A. That he broke B. What he broke C. He broke D. His break 高考再現(xiàn)高考再現(xiàn)1. (NMET 1995) is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.A. There B. This C. That D. It2.(NMET 1996) we cant get seems better than we have.A. What,what B. What,that C. That,thatD. That,what3.(NMET 1997)

26、Its generally considered unwise to give a child he or she wants.A.however B.whatever C. whichever D.wherever8. (2004)After Yang Li wei succeeded in circling the earth, _ our astronauts desire to do is walk in space.A. where B. what C. that D. how DABBthat whether 疑問(wèn)詞疑問(wèn)詞 as if /as though becausee.g.T

27、he trouble is that I have lost my key.The question is whether we can do it. Thats because we were in need of money at that time .He looked as if he was going to cry .Thats why I was late .2.如果句子的主語(yǔ)是如果句子的主語(yǔ)是suggestion,advice.order,demand, proposal, 等等名詞時(shí)名詞時(shí),后面引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句用后面引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句用should+動(dòng)詞原動(dòng)詞原形形,should可

28、省略可省略.e.g. 他的建議是我們應(yīng)該馬上完成工作他的建議是我們應(yīng)該馬上完成工作. 1.The reason _ we didnt trust him is _ he has often lied如果主語(yǔ)為如果主語(yǔ)為reason,whythat表語(yǔ)從句連詞只能用表語(yǔ)從句連詞只能用thatHis suggestion is that we (should) finish the work at once.此規(guī)則同樣適用于此規(guī)則同樣適用于同位語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句1.This is _ she was born. A. where B. which C. that D. what2.The quest

29、ion is _ we cant go there today.A. that B. what C. which D. when3.The reason he has made such great progress is _ he has never wasted his time.A. because B. why C. that D. what4.My advice is that he _ school by bike. A. go to B. would go to C. goes to D. went to5._ she couldnt understand was _fewer

30、and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.A.What; why B. That; what C. What; because D. Why; thatthat疑問(wèn)詞疑問(wèn)詞whether1.We expressed the hope that they had expressed.2. We expressed the hope that they would come to China again.3.The information has been announced that more middle school graduates will be admitted into university.4.The information that he g