2022屆上海寶山區(qū)高三一模英語(yǔ)試卷含答案

1、2021-2022學(xué)年寶山區(qū)第一學(xué)期期末高三年級(jí)英語(yǔ)學(xué)科教學(xué)質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè)試卷（本試卷滿分140分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘）I.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversat

2、ionandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.Cleaningthekitchen.B.Discussingakitchendesign.C.Tryingtodrawamapofdinning.D.Paintingthediningroom.2.A.Studyacomputerprogram.C.Assembleacomputer.B.Checktheircomputerfiles.D.Mak

3、esomecomputation.3. A.ItisfastertogotoNewYorkbytrain.B. Itisnotalwayscheapergoingbybus.C. Itismorecomfortableandconvenienttotakeabus.D. ItisworththemoneytakingatraintoNewYork.4. A.Thewomanthinkshighlyofthespeaker.B. Thewomanhasknownthespeakerforalongtime.C. Themanhaddifficultyunderstandingthelecture

4、.D. Themanismakingacommentaboutnothing.5. A.ShehasnotreadthenewsontheNet.C.SheisnotasbrightanddiligentasSusan.6. A.Getanewbusschedule.C.Goandasktheticketseller.7. A.Janeworetheovercoatlastweek.C.Janemissedherclasslastweek.8. ShehaseveryconfidenceinSusan.D.Sheisalittlebitsurprisedatthenews.B.Readthen

5、oticeonthewindow.D.BoardthebustoCleveland.B.Jane'sisterisinthesameclassastheman.D.Jane'overcoatisasfashionableashesister's.8. A.Hewasfifteenwhenhetookoverthecompany.B. Heismakingplanstoexpandhisoperation.C. Heisaverysuccessfulbusinessman.D. Hehaschangedhisbusinessstrategy.9. A.Themanandt

6、hewomanareworkingonajointproject.B. Thewomanisgoingtomakehertopicmorefocused.C. Ittookalotoftimetogetthemanontherighttrack.D. Oneshouldchooseabroadtopicforaresearchpaper.10. A.Childrenshouldplaysportsatleastonceaweek.B. Thewoman'skidscanplayfootballwithhisson.C. Manychildrenfeelboredwhenleftalon

7、e.D. Thewoman'ssonsmightenjoyteamsports.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthepassagesandtheconversation.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,r

8、eadthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11. A.Tostartoffasalistener.B.Tospeakrightaway.C.Tolearnandlistenquietly.D.Totalkabouttheirlives.12. A.Theycanhearandappreciateinterestingvideos.B. The

9、ycandroptheirworriesandproblems.C. Itcanhelppeoplemakemoreonlinefriends.D. Theycanenjoythesafespaceforexpression.13. A.Toenabletheuserstoenjoymorefreedomtosayanything.B. Tofindawaytotrackdiscussionsandprotectusers.C. Toprovideaspaceforhatefulspeechesandfalsestatements.D. Totellwhethertheimpactofthea

10、ppishelpfulorharmful.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.14. A.Everyactionleadstoaresult.B.Makingabigdecisionquietly.C.Askingpeersforhelpfuladvice.D.Sharingyourconfidenceproudly.15. A.Todefinetheproblemyou'recaredof.B.Tobrainstormotherscomments.C.Todecidewhatisrightforyou.D.Topostp

11、onetakingaction.16. A.Whatfactorsinvolvedinmakingabaddecision.B. Howtomakegooddecisionsandavoidbadones.C. Whypeopleusuallyhesitatetomakedecisions.D. Howmanystepstobetakenbeforemakingdecisions.Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.17. A.Seeingamovie.B.Thebeststudyspot.C.Acoffeeshop.D

12、.Aschoollibrary.18. A.Booksinthelibrarymakehimanxious.B. Hardworkingstudentsarehisfavoritescenery.C. Thesilenceoflibraryhelpshimconcentrate.D. Hefeelstheanxietyofstudyingatthelibrary.19. A.Acoffeeshophelpsherrelax.B.Toomuchcoffeemakesherfeelsick.C.Drinkingcoffeefailstokeepheralert.D.Abitofbackground

13、noiseaffectsher.20. A.Togiveuptheirnoise-cancelingheadphones.B. Todrinkcoffeewhiletheystudytogether.C. Tobeequippedwithcomfortablechairs.D. Toexchangetheirplacesforthebetterone.II.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammatical

14、lycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.RisingTotheChallengeCyclistsmustdigdeeptocompletewhat'beencalledthetoughestclimbintheworld.TheyraceuptoWulingPeaktothefinishlineintheKingoftheMountain(KOM)Challen

15、ge.EveryOctobersomeoftheworld'sbestcyclistsbattle(21)thetitle.Startingatsealevel,therouteclimbstoaheightof3,275metersattheend,covering105kilometers.EversinceIstartedcyclingsevenyearsago,completingtheKOMclimb(22)(be)agoalofmine.EveryyearIthoughtthatIneededtoprepareforitandusedthatasmyexcuse.But(2

16、3)(look)back,IrealizeIwouldhavebeenfine.Cyclinguphillwasnoproblemformethen-itwasthrilling.Nowit'sexhausting.LastsummerIfinallydecidedtotakeonWulingwithsomefriends.Our89-kilometerroutestartedatthebaseofthemountainandwasalittleshorterthantheofficialKOMrace.Butit'sthefinal10kilometers(24)arethe

17、mostdemanding:Thisisthesteepestpart,(25)makestheclimbsohard.Webeganearlyinthemorningasagroupof17riders.Butonlythreeofuswouldmakeittothetop.Asupportcarwasnecessary,especiallyonaridelikethis,(26)_(help)keepusenergetic.ThefirstpartoftheridewentthroughTarokoValley,amagnificentpark.I'vekedthere,(27)I

18、'vealwayswantedtobikeit.Isawdramaticrockyoutcrops,canyons,waterfallsandforestsasIzippedthroughthevalleyandupthemountainroad.EventhoughitwasAugust,theweatherwasperfect.Unfortunately,thesupportcarthatcarriedourlunch(28)_(delay).Bythetimeitarrived,Iwasstarving.Beingconsumedofenergyevenforthatshortt

19、imeaffectedtherestofmyride.Whenthehardlast10kilometersarrived,Ireallystruggledtocompletethem.AtonepointI(29)seehowclosethetopofthepeakwas,butitstillfeltsofaraway.Fortunately,determinationcarriedmetothefinish.(30).(exhaust),IconqueredWuling!Whatatremendousfeeling!SectionBDirections:Fillineachblankwit

20、haproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.potentiallyB.resultsC.rewardsD.sensitiveE.survivalF.transmitG.distinguishH.respondingI.developedJ.consciousK.rapidlySenseofsmellisourmostrapidwarningsystem“Thehumanavoidanceresponsetounpleasantsmellsassoci

21、atedwithdangerhaslongbeenseenasa_31perceivableprocess,butourstudyshowsforthefirsttimethatit'unconsciousandextremelyrapid,saysthestudy'fisstauthorBehzadIravani,researcherattheDepartmentofClinicalNeuroscience,KarolinskaInstitutet.Theorganrelatingtothesenseofsmelltakesupaboutfivepercentofthehum

22、anbrainandenablesusto_32_betweenmanymilliondifferentsmells.Alargeproportionofthesesmellsareassociatedwithathreattoourhealthand33,suchasthatofchemicalsandrottenfood.Smellsignalsreachthebrainwithin100to150millisecondsafterbeingbreathedinthroughthenose.Thesurvivalofalllivingorganismsdependsontheirabili

23、tytoavoiddangerandseek34.In_humans,thesmellsenseseemsparticularlyimportantfordetectingandreactingto_35_harmfulsubstance.Ithaslongbeenamysteryjustwhichsensorysystemsareinvolvedinthechangeofanunpleasantsmellintoavoidancebehaviorinhumans.ResearchersatKarolinskaInstitutethavenow36_amethodthatforthefirst

24、timehasmadeitpossibletomeasuresignalsfromthehumansmellorgan,whichprocessessmellsandinturncan_37signalstopartsofthebrainthatcontrolmovementandavoidancebehavior.Their_38arebasedonthreeexperimentsinwhichparticipantswereaskedtoratetheirexperienceofsixdifferentsmells,somepositive,somenegative,whiletheele

25、ctrophysiologicalactivityofthesmellorganwhen_39_toeachofthesmellswasmeasured.“Itwasclearthattheorganreactsspecificallyand_40_tonegativesmellsandsendsadirectsignaltotheouterlayeroftheorganwithinabout300ms,"saysthestudy'lastauthorJohanLundstr?m."Thesignalcausesthepersontounconsciouslylea

26、nbackandawayfromthesourceofthesmell.”111. ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Whilepeoplewhoarebothtrustworthyandcapablearethemostsoughtafterwhenitcomestoteamassembl

27、y,friendlinessandtrustworthinessareoftenmoreimportantfactorsthanability.“Weassumethatpeopleare_41_forimportanttaskforcesandteamsbecauseoftheknowledge,skillsandabilitiestheybringtothetable.However,thisresearchsuggeststhatpeoplemayoftengetpickedbecauseteammembersfeel_42_withthem,“saidCynthiaMaupin,ass

28、istantprofessoroforganizationalbehaviorandleadershipinBinghamtonUniversitySchoolofManagement."Peoplemaybewillingto_43_abitintermsofperformanceinordertohaveareallypositiveteam_"experience.MaupinandhercolleaguesfocusedonagroupofMBAstudentstoconducttheirstudy.Studentswere_44assignedtoteamsatt

29、hebeginningofthesemestertoworkonclassprojectsandassignments.Towardtheendofthesemester,studentswereaskedtoformtheirownteamsand45whytheyselectedeachmemberoftheirgroup.“Wewantedtofindoutwhatpeopledidto46toothersthattheymightbesomeonewhowouldbegoodtoteamupwithinthefuture,Maupinsaid.Theresearchers_47look

30、edathowstudentssignaledtheirhumancapital,theabilitytodotheirtaskswell,andtheirsocialcapital,the_48_towhichtheywerefriendlyandtrustworthy,tootherstudentsbystudyingtheiruseofeitherchallengingorsupportivevoice: Challengingvoice:Communicatinginawaythatchallengesthepresentcircumstancesandis-49_newideasan

31、defficiency. Supportivevoice:Communicatinginawaythat_50_socialtiesandtrust,andbuildsfriendlyunityofateam.Theresearchersfoundthatpeoplewho_51_bothabilities,throughtheuseofchallengingvoice,andtrustworthiness,throughtheuseofsupportivevoice,werethemostin-demandpeoplewhenitcameto_52_teams.Asmightbeexpect

32、ed,anyonewhowasverystrongintermsofsignalingboththeirhumanandsocialcapitalwereextremelysoughtafter.They'rdoingalltherightthingsto_5thatthey'rebothtrustworthyandagoodworker,Maupinsaid.However,theresearchersfoundthatstudentswhoonlyexhibitedsocialcapitalthrough54voiceweremoresoughtafterthanthose

33、whoonlysignaledtheirabilitythroughtheuseofchallengingvoice.“Ouifindingssuggestthatwhenpeoplefeelliketheycantrustyou,evenifyou'reot55Maupinsaid.thebestworker,they'regoingtobemorelikelytowanttoworkwithyou,“knowthattherearelikelytobefewerinterpersonalissuesinthatcase.”41.A.qualifiedB.selectedC.

34、examinedD.accounted42.A.dissatisfiedB.favouriteC.permanentD.comfortable43.A.sacrificeB.exchangeC.prohibitD.contribute44.A.deliberatelyB.originallyC.randomlyD.purposefully45.A.bargainB.assessC.negotiateD.neglect46.A.signalB.contributeC.devoteD.manage47.A.indefinitelyB.frequentlyC.considerablyD.specif

35、ically48.A.occasionB.missionC.degreeD.opinion49.A.engagedinB.focusedonC.gottenacrossD.takenoff50.A.adjustsB.decreasesC.monitorsD.strengthens51.A.exhibitedB.developedC.evaluatedD.concealed52.A.separatingB.dominatingC.assemblingD.maintaining53.A.establishB.resolveC.analyzeD.estimate54.A.challengingB.m

36、oderateC.healthfulD.supportive55.A.doubtfullyB.necessarilyC.questionablyD.fortunatelySectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgivenin

37、thepassageyouhavejustread.(A)Earlyon,byagenineperhaps,Idiscoveredmypassionforbothreadingandwritingfiction.Thediscoverywassuddenandunexpected:oneveryhotsummerdayinBirmingham(noairconditioning),whilereading,IrealizedIwastremblingwithcold.IhadbecomecaughtupinaLauraIngallsWilderdescriptionofasnowstorm.H

38、owisthispossible?Iaskedmyself,andtheanswercameimmediately.It'thesewords.Justthesewordshavemademefeelcold.FullofwonderandadmirationforLaura'writing,Ithought,I'Hketobeabletodothatsomeday.Nonetheless,Ifoundmyselfbeginningcollegeasapremedicalstudentwiththeintentionofbecomingadoctor.Yousee,Iw

39、antedtodogood,ortobeagoodperson,onedevotedtothewelfareofothers.Andwhatofmyownloveofreadingandmyinterestinimaginativewriting?Bothstillgavemeimmensepleasure,thoughIwasfailingchemistry.Butwhatgoodisliterature?Iaskedmyself.AndIaskedmyserious-mindedstudentfriendsthesamequestion.Tospendmylifemerelydoingwh

40、atIlovedseemedunacceptablyself-centered.Onedayinaliteratureclassatmysmall,excellentliberalartscollege,theknowledgeableprofessor,whowasalsodeanofthecollege,posedaquestionthatnoneofuscouldanswer:"IiwhatwayareHuckofHuckleberryFinnandPipofCharlesDickens'sGreatExpectationsalike?"Ididnotknow

41、theanswer,whatIdidknowinastrangeflashofawarenesswasthatwhatevertheanswer,itwouldbeofcrucialimportancetotheyoungmansittingacrossthecorridorfromme.Andwhowashe?Abrilliantperson,atroubledpersonforallhisbrilliance,someoneIlovedandadmired.Theprofessoransweredhisownquestion."Bothareboysinsearchofafath

42、er."AndIkn(friendacrossthecorridor,throughliterature,suddenlyunderstoodhisownconfusion.Heknewinaninstinctivewaysomethingofvitalimportance.Whatwastrueofthosefictiveboyswasalsotrueofhim:heneededtobecomeaguidingfathertohimself.Theclasswasover.AsmyfriendDwightandIwalkedoutthedoortogetherintothehall

43、,hesaidwithoutlookingatme,“Andhowcanyoudoubt,Sena,thatliteraturecandogoodintheworld?Withoutlookingathim,butsurebothhiseyesandmyeyeswereshinedwithtears,Ireplied,"Iknow.Iknow."Iknewthatliteraturecouldanddoesmakeideasandfeelingsreal,dramatic,andaccessibleinawaythatenhancesthequalityofourlives

44、.AndsoIgavemyselfpermissiontoembracealiterarylife,bothasreaderandaswriter.IfsomethingImightcometowriteofferedonewonderfulpersonanewandneededperspective,thenIcouldjustifychoosingalifeformyselfinliterature.Thatwasallaverylongtimeago,abouthalfacenturyago.Myfriendwoulddieinanautoaccidentbeforehewastwent

45、y-one.AndIwouldlivetobeextraordinarilyhappyinmychoiceofprofessions.ThisIbelieve:thattheartsmustbeapartofeducationatalllevels,thattheartscananddoofferusnotonlypleasurebutalsoinvaluableinsightsintoourselvesandourworld.56. WhatwastheembarrassingsituationSenatheauthorofthepassagefaced?A. Shewasattracted

46、byLaurawritingbutfeltextremelycold.B. Shedidnotknowhowtoanswerthequestionbutitwasimportant.C. Shelovedliteraturebutwantedtodosomethinggoodforhumanity.D. SheadmiredherbrilliantfriendDwightbuthediedinanaccident.57. TheauthorofthepassagementionedherfriendDwighttodemonstrate.A. onlyhecouldanswertheprofe

47、ssorcjuestionB. hewastheverypersonshelovedandadmiredC. literaturebecomesaguidingfathertohimselfD. literatureoffersuspricelessinsightsintoourselves58. Itcanbeconcludedthattheauthordecidedto.A. followherpassionforbeingadoctorB. devoteherselftoliteratureinherlifeC. beareadertoenhancethequalityofherlife

48、D. beadoctorandengagedinliteraturesometimes59. Whatmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.AlifeinliteratureB.AmedicalcareerC.AnunforgettablelessonD.Anunexpectedaccident(B)Eveniftheworldmakesithardtorelax,weallneedtofindawaytoresetandrecharge.Wegothroughlifethinkingwe'veestedbecausewehavegottenenough

49、sleep-butinrealitywearemissingoutontheothertypesofrestwedesperatelyneed.SaudraDalton-Smith,aphysician,outlinesdifferenttypesofrestthatareessentialforhumangrowing.PhysicalrestMentalrestThisistheusualdefinitionofrestwereafamiliarwith.Butwhileweknowweneedtospendadecentnumberofhoursinbedtostayhealthy,as

50、teadypersistentsupportofstudiesshowsalargeproportionofusstilldon'getenoughphysicalrest.Alwayshaveatornadoofthoughtsspinninginyourheadfromthemomentyouwakeuptothemomentyoufinallyfallasleep?Youneedmorementalrest,andevenifyousleepasolideighthoursanight,you'renogoingtofeelfullyrechargeduntilyouge

51、tit.Th電00dnewsisyoudon'havetoquityourjoborgoonvacationtofixthis.Scheduleshortbreakstooccureverytwohoursthroughoutyourworkdaythesebreakscanremindyoutoslowdown.Youmightalsokeepanotepadbythebedtowritedownanypainfulthoughtsthatwouldkeepyouawake,"suggestsDalton-smith.SensoryrestEmotionalrestStar

52、ingatscreensalldayandallnightmeansyoureyesnevergetaproperrest,butthisisn'theonlyreasonmanyofusnevergiveoursensesabreak.Noisycites,sharpsoundannouncementsandloudmusicallcontributetoconstantsensorystimulation.Yourbrainneedsarestnowandagain.Consciouslycloseyoureyesandgiveyourselfthegiftofsilencefor

53、shortperiodsthroughouttheday.tionalThis“meansavingthetimeandspacetofreelyexpressyourfeelingsandcutbackonpeople-pleasing,“Datorithexplains."Emorestalsorequiresthecouragetobegenuine.Anemotionallyrestedpersoncananswerthequestion,'Hovareyoutoday?withatruthfulI'notokay-andthengoontosharesome

54、hardthingsthatotherwisegounsaid.Inotherwords,weallneedthespacetostoppretendingforourselvesandothersandgetrealaboutourfeelings.60. Whichofthefollowingstatementistrueaboutthetypesofrestmentionedinthepassage?A. Physicalrestmeanslyinginbedforaproperperiodandexercising.B. Mentalrestindicatesrestingeveryt

55、wohourswhenyou'rworking.C. Sensoryrestmeanskeepingsilentfrequentlyandstaringatscreens.D. Emotionalrestmeanspretendingtoshareprivateaffairswithothers.61. Whattypeofrestdoyouneedmostifyou'rworkingwithacomputerinanoffice?A.PhysicalrestB.MentalrestC.SensoryrestD.Emotionalrest62. Itcanbeconcluded

56、thatifapersonfeelstired,heshould.A. trytoidentifyjustwhatsortofresthe'lackingexactlyB. spendsometimewiththosewhocanenergizehimC. havethefourtypesofrestmentionedinthepassageinorderD. haveaneedtofeelconnectedtosomethinglargerthanhimself(C)Transhumanism,firstcoinedin1957bybiologistJulianHuxley,mean

57、t“manremainingman,butgoingbeyondhimselfbyrealizingnewpossibilitiesofandforhishumannature.speaking,transhumanisminitsmodernmeaningimpliesthathumanbeingscanbeenhancedbythemeansofsciencetotheextentwhentheyriseabovebiologicallimitationsandcapabilitiesprogrammedbynature.Thespeciesintowhichhumanitytransfo

58、rmsthiswaywillbecalledposthuman,ortranshuman,asitwouldhavebesomethingnewbasedonhumannature,butgoingbeyonditatthesametime.Therearenumerousareaswhich,accordingtotranshumanists,requireenhancement,aswellastherearecountlessproposalsonthemeansofsuchenhancement.Inparticular,transhumanistsworkonsuchproblemsasovercomingthephysicalboundariesofthehumanbody.Startingwithaging,whichtheybelievetoberatheradiseasethananaturalprocess,andendingupwithreplacingorganswiththeirartificialones,transhumanistsbelievethatthehumanbodyisimperfect,andthatitshouldbeimproved.Allkindsofnanotechnologiesforre