Unitthree重點(diǎn)詞匯講解-新目標(biāo)大學(xué)英語綜合教程第一冊

1、personalityn.1.characteristicsandqualitiesofapersonseenasawhole個性；人格；性格；品格e.g.Shehasaverystrongpersonality.她有很強(qiáng)的個性。2.distinctive,esp.sociallyattractive,qualities品質(zhì)；魅力e.g.Hiswifewasverybeautiful,butseemedtohavenopersonality.他的妻子很漂亮，但是似乎沒有什么魅力。3.famousperson,heworldofentertainmentorsport（尤指娛樂界或

2、體育界）名人e.g.oneofthebest-knownpersonalityintheworldoftennis網(wǎng)球界最有名的人物之一Collocations:healthypersonality健康人格；健全人格personalitydevelopment人格發(fā)展，個性發(fā)展independentpersonality獨(dú)立人格personalitytrait人格特質(zhì)，個性品質(zhì)personalitydisorder人格障礙；人格失常dualpersonality雙重人格；雙重性格personalitytest人格測驗；人格試驗popularityn.qualityorstateofbeingw

3、idelyliked,admiredorsoughtafter受追捧；被擁戴；受大眾歡迎e.g.win/gain/enjoy/commandthepopularityofthevoters贏得（得到、享有、博得）選民的擁戴ThestoryhadanextensivepopularityamongAmericanreaders.這本小說廣受美國讀者的歡迎。WordFamily:popularadj.bepopularwith/amongsb.受喜愛（擁戴、歡迎）e.g.Chocolatesauceisalwayspopularwithyoungsters.巧克力醬總是深受年輕人喜愛。distin

4、ctiveadj.havingaqualityorcharacteristicthatmakessth.differentandeasilynoticed與眾不同的；有特色的e.g.Beijingoperahasadistinctiveartisticstyle.京劇有其獨(dú)特的藝術(shù)風(fēng)格。adistinctiveappearance/smell/style與眾不同的外貌/特殊的氣味/獨(dú)特的風(fēng)格LongcomplexsentencesaredistinctiveofHenryJames'slaterstyle.長復(fù)合句是亨利？詹姆斯后期文體的特色。Synonyms:unusual/typi

5、cal/differentWordFamily:-distinctionn.區(qū)別；差別；特性;榮譽(yù)；勛章e.g.Thereareobviousdistinctionsbetweenthetwowine-makingareas.這兩個釀酒區(qū)之間有明顯的不同。Hewonadistinctionforbravery.他因勇敢而獲得勛章。distinctadj.明顯的；清楚的；有區(qū)別的；確定無誤的e.g.Mozart'sstyleisquitedistinctfromHaydn's.莫扎特與海頓的風(fēng)格截然不同。iconn.1.sth.orsb.thatisimportantasasym

6、bolofaparticularthing象征物；偶像e.g.OnlyMarilynhasprovedasenduringafashionicon.只有瑪麗蓮是常青的時尚偶像。2.painting,carving,etc.ofaholyperson圣像e.g.Heisapainterofreligiousicons.他是一位宗教圣像畫家。3.apictureonacomputerscreenrepresentingaparticularcomputerfunction（電腦屏帚上的）圖標(biāo)e.g.Kateclickedonthemailicononhercomputerscreen.凱特點(diǎn)擊了她

7、電腦屏幕上的郵件圖標(biāo)。Synonyms:figure/idolrival1.n.(for/in)personorthingcompetingwithanother(常與for或in搭配)競爭者；對手；可與之相比的東西e.g.businessrivals冏業(yè)上的克爭者rivalsinlove情敵anewrivalforthetitleofchampionship爭奪冠軍的新對手2.v.tobeasgoodassb./sth.;tobecomparabletosb./sth.與相匹敵；比得上e.g.Thetwostudentsrivaledeachotherforthescholarship.這兩

8、個學(xué)生為獲得獎學(xué)金而互相競爭。Cricketcannotrivalfootballfor/inexcitement.板球遠(yuǎn)不如足球那樣激動人心。Collocation:rivalsb./sth.(for/in在一方面與相匹敵passas/fortobeacceptedassb.orsth.被認(rèn)為；被當(dāng)作；冒充e.g.HespeaksFrenchwellenoughtopassas/foraFrenchman.他法語流利得讓人以為他是法國人。Hetriedtopassas/foragentleman;buteveryoneknewhewasanupstart.他設(shè)法將自己冒充成為一名紳士，但每個

9、人都知道他只是個暴發(fā)戶。gorgeousadj.1.verybeautifulandattractive非常漂鳧的；迷人的e.g.gorgeoushair迷人的頭發(fā)Theycanbuyagorgeoushousethereforonlythirtythousanddollars.在那里他們只需3萬美元就能買到一幢漂亮的房子。2.givingpleasureandenjoyment令人愉快的e.g.agorgeousmeal好吃的飯菜gorgeousweather宜人的天氣Synonyms:pleasant/delightfulclassicaladj.traditionalandlong-es

10、tablishedinformorstyle古典的；傳統(tǒng)的；經(jīng)典的e.g.Itwasabeautifulconcerthallbuiltforclassicalmusic.這個美麗的音樂廳是為古典音樂而建的。Sheisveryfondofclassicalballet.她很喜歡傳統(tǒng)芭蕾。WordFamily:classicadj.最優(yōu)秀的；經(jīng)典的；典型的adorev.1.tolovesb.deeplyandrespectsb.highly愛暴；熱愛e.g.Sheadoresherparentsandwoulddoanythingtopleasethem.她深愛她的父母，愿做任何事來讓他們高興。

11、2.tolikesth.verymuch非常喜歡某物e.g.Maryadoreslemonteaanddrinksiteveryday.瑪麗很喜歡檸檬茶，每天都喝。WordFamily:adorationn.熱愛；崇敬adoringadj.愛慕的adorableadj.迷人的；可愛的worshipv.1.toloveandadmiresb.verymuch,especiallysomuchthatyoucannotseetheirfaults愛暴；崇拜e.g.Sheworshippedhimandrefusedtolistentohiscritics.她很崇拜他，聽不進(jìn)別人對他的批評。2.to

12、giveworshiptoGod做才L拜e.g.Thisisthechurchwheretheyhaveworshippedforyears.這就是他們多年來做禮拜的教堂。WordFamily:worshippern.愛慕者；做禮拜的人worshipfuladj.可敬的performv.1.toentertainanaudiencebyplayingapieceofmusic,actinginaplay,etc.演出；表演e.g.TheyareperformingthefamousplayCatstonight.他們今晚將演出著名的音樂劇貓。2.todo(apieceofwork,orsth.

13、oneisorderedtodoorhasagreedtodo)做；執(zhí)行；履行e.g.Wearelookingforpeoplewhohaveperformedoutstandingactsofcourage.我們正在尋找那些有過英勇之舉的人士。Thedoctorperformedanoperationtosavethesoldier'slife.醫(yī)生動手術(shù)來挽救這名士兵的生命。3.(ofamachine,etc.)toworkorfunction運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)e.g.Howisthenewcarperforming?這輛新汽車性能如何？Thenewdrughasperformedwellint

14、ests.那種新藥試驗效果不錯。WordFamily:performern.表演者performancen.表現(xiàn)；表演；性能inadditiontobeingaddedasanextrapersonorthing除之外e.g.Inadditiontothenamesonthelist,therearesixotherapplicants.除了名單上的名字之外，另外還有六個申請人。Membersoftheboardwerepaidasmallallowanceinadditiontotheirnormalsalary.董事會成員除了正常薪水之外，還有少量津貼。WordFamily:additio

15、nn.personorthingadded增加的人或事物e.g.They'vejusthadanadditiontothefamily.他們家里剛剛又添了一口人。Suchanoutfitwouldbeausefuladditiontomywardrobe.在我衣櫥中添置這樣一套衣服會有用的。improvisev.1.toinventmusic,thewordsinaplay,astatement,etc.whileyouareplayingorspeaking,insteadofplanningitinadvance即興倉U作e.g.Thepianistforgothismusican

16、dhadtoimprovise.彈鋼琴的人把樂譜忘了，只好即興伴奏。Shegaveanimprovisedspeech.她做了即興演講。2.tomakesth.fromwhateverisavailable,withoutpreparation臨時根據(jù)現(xiàn)有的條件做某事e.g.Aswe'venotgotthepropermaterials,we'lljustriproviSe我們沒有弄到合適的材料，只好臨時湊合了。WordFamily:improvisationn.即興倉作improvisationaladj.即興的dealwith1.totakethenecessaryacti

17、on,especiallytosolveaproblem處理e.g.Hedealtwithanawkwardsituationverytactfully.他很巧妙地處理了一個困難的局面。2.totakeorhavesth.asthesubject;todiscusssth.以某事物作為內(nèi)容；討論e.g.TheEnglishteacherwilldealwiththesubjunctivemoodinthenextlesson.下一堂課英語老師要講虛擬語氣。3.tohavesocial,business,etc.relationswithsb.與某人有社交、冏業(yè)等關(guān)系e.g.Tomhatesde

18、alingwithlargeimpersonalcompanies.湯姆討厭和那些沒有人情味的大公司打交道。Synonyms:handle/manage/disposeaglimpseof1.n.ashortexperienceofsth.thathelpsyoutounderstandit短暫作感受（體驗）e.g.aglimpseoflifebelowstairsatBuckinghamPalace白金漢宮下人生活一瞥2.n.ashortlook一瞥e.g.Someofthefanshadwaited24hoursoutsidetheHydeParkHoteltocatchaglimpseo

19、ftheirheroine.為了一睹女主角的風(fēng)采，一些追星族已經(jīng)在海德公園飯店外守候了24個小時。3.v.togetaquicklookat（sb./sth.）匆匆看一下（某人、某物）e.g.Sheglimpsedagroupofpeoplestandingonthebankofariver.她瞥見一群人站在河岸邊。Synonym:glanceCollocation:get/catchaglimpseof瞥見strikev.1.toproduceamusicalnote,sound,etc.bypressingakeyorhittingsth.彈奏；奏響；發(fā)出（聲音）e.g.strikeach

20、ordonthepiano在鋼琴上彈出和聲2.tohitthesurfaceofsth.;deliberatelyhit（sb./sth.）使（某人/某物）遭受撞擊；故意打、擊、敲（某人/某物）e.g.Thestonestruckmeonthesideofthehead.石子打中了我頭部的側(cè)面。3.tostopworkasaprotestagainststh.relatingtotheirwork（指工人）罷工e.g.Theunionhasvotedtostrikeforapayincrease.工會投票決定為要求提高工資而舉行罷工。Synonyms:beat/hitMoreExamples:

21、strikeabalance找到折衷辦法；妥協(xié)strikeabargain（withsb.）（與某人）達(dá)成協(xié)議strikefearintosb.使某人感到恐懼strike（it）lucky在某事上交好運(yùn)strikewhiletheironishot趁熱打鐵jotdowntowritesth.quickly草草記下；匆匆寫下e.g.Listencarefullytotheinstructionsandjotthemdown.仔細(xì)聽指示，并記錄下來。I'jotdowntheiraddressbeforeIforgetit.我得趕快把他們的地址寫下來，免得忘了。Synonyms:writed

22、own/notedownrecallv.toremembersth.fromthepast記起；回憶起；回想起e.g.HendersonrecalledthathefirstmetPollardduringabusinesstriptoWashington.亨德森記起他第一次見到波拉德是在一次去華盛頓出差的時候。Collocation:recallsb.tosth.使某人重新注意到或意識到某事物Synonyms:reminisce/recollect/remembertakerefugetoseekshelterorprotectionfromdanger,trouble,etc.尋求庇護(hù)；避

23、難e.g.Theytookrefugeinabombshelter.他們在防空洞中避難。Hewasagreatfighter,butheendedupsurroundedbyenemiesandhadtofleeandtakerefugeintheSanctuary.他曾是個偉大的戰(zhàn)士，但最后被敵人包圍了，不得不逃跑然后尋求避難所的庇護(hù)。resolvev.1.tofindanacceptablesolutiontoaproblemordifficulty解決（問題或困難）e.g.Theyhopedthecrisiscouldberesolvedpeacefully.他們希望這場危機(jī)能夠得到和平

24、解決。2.todecidetodosth.firmly下決心、做某事e.g.Sheresolvedtoreportthemattertothehospital'snursingmanager.她決心把這件事向醫(yī)院的護(hù)士長匯報。Synonyms:decide/determine/settleWordFamily:resolutionn.決定；決心e.g.TheymadearesolutiontolosealltheweightgainedduringtheChristmasperiod.他們下定決心要減掉圣誕期間增加的體重。revealv.tomakesth.knowntosb.揭示；透露e.g.AsurveyoftheBritishdiethasrevealedthatagrowingnumberofpeopleareoverweight.對英國人飲食進(jìn)行的一項調(diào)查顯示有越來越多的人超重。CF:disclose,exp