高考英語專題—書面表達(一)(共8頁)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上2011年高考英語專題書面表達(一)-情景作文、開放作文高分技巧學案第一部分 情景作文一、0309年北京高考情景作文回顧請在你認為合適的選項下劃勾。年/文體記敘文說明文議論文應用文03年04年05年06年07年08年09年2010年？二、情景作文寫作個人能力預測記敘文寫作：請根據(jù)下列圖片，講述上周班主任（form teacher）生病期間你班同學的表現(xiàn)，并簡單談談你的感想。_三、記敘文概括記敘文中的敘事作文是對某一事件或一系列事件的發(fā)生、發(fā)展、結束情況所做的文字表達?；旧线@類題材的書面表達是看圖作文。對于看圖作文須仔細觀察幾幅圖畫，弄清故事的開頭和結尾，理清事件的發(fā)

2、展過程（關聯(lián)詞、時間狀語的恰當使用），確定好表達要點，適當增加細節(jié)。高分記敘文應包含以下要點：Organization（條理性）在文章思路、組織材料、敘述順序等方面有條理，各段之間層次分明。 Accuracy（準確性）能寫出語法正確的句子，包括時態(tài)、語態(tài)、用詞和句法等，表達準確、地道。Fluency（流暢性）根據(jù)整篇文章思想的需要，有效采用不同的連接手段，使文章層次清楚、行文連貫。Variety（多樣性）能隨情景內(nèi)容的變化寫出多樣的詞匯句式。（見文章劃線部分）Readers-friendliness（思想性）在準確流暢表達寫作要點的同時，適當增加句子的感情色彩，增加了一些人情味，使文章讀起來更

3、親切，完全達到與讀者進行交流的目的。Neat handwriting（美觀性）卷面書寫規(guī)范、清楚、干凈、整潔。敘事作文寫作步驟：1審中文信息，定人稱和時態(tài)2看圖，定要點和細節(jié)看四（六）幅圖的要點和細節(jié)分別是什么圖1圖2圖3圖4圖5圖6要點細節(jié)3文章潤色一潤句式：從句，非謂語，特殊句式等二潤詞匯：使用準確，較高級的單詞和詞組，豐富表達三潤過渡關聯(lián)：恰當?shù)倪B接詞和過渡句4文章寫作中應避免出現(xiàn)的問題: （1）Irrelevant details（無關細節(jié)）（2）Direct quotes（使用直接引語）（3）Redundant information（冗贅信息）（4）Cliché endi

4、ng（陳詞濫調(diào)的結尾）四、敘事類話題作文常用詞匯、句式（1）校園生活 ·to get on well with sb. /sth. 與某人相處的好、某事進展順利·to take several courses 上幾門課·to work hard at 在方面努力 ·to concentrate on 專注于·to be into / to be keen on 熱衷于，非常喜愛·to be good at / to do well in 擅長 ·to be poor at / be weak in 在方面差·to

5、make progress in 在方面取得進步·to fail /pass the examination （沒有）通過考試·to succeed / to be successful in 取得成功 ·to hear from sb. 收到某人來信·to apologize to sb. for因為向某人道歉·to explain sth. to sb. 向某人解釋 ·to be active in在方面積極·to take an active part in 積極參與·to learn by heart 記住

6、，背下來·to bear . in mind牢記在心 ·to work out a problem 解出一道題·to lay a good foundation in在方面打下基礎·to win the first prize / get the first place in the competition 在比賽中得一等獎·to use reference books使用參考書 ·to consult/refer to the dictionary查字典·to have a good command of English英

7、文很好·to have a wide range of knowledge有廣泛的知識·to have a talent for有才能 ·to be skilled in在方面熟練·to be strict with sb. 對某人要求嚴格 ·to praise sb for sth 因為表揚某人·to blame sb for sth. / to blame sth. on sb. 因為責備某人·to give advice on 就提出建議 ·to devote ones time to 在上花時間·

8、to turn a deaf ear to對 充耳不聞 ·to serve the purpose of 起到作用·to have difficulty / trouble doing 做有困難 ·to be prepared for / to do 準備好 ·to set about doing / set out to do 開始著手做（2）業(yè)余生活·go for an outing / a picnic 去郊游/野餐 ·go sightseeing 觀光·to appreciate the scenery of nat

9、ure欣賞大自然的風景·to keep healthy / fit保持健康 ·to relax oneself放松身心·to strengthen/build up the body鍛煉身體 ·to lack recreations缺乏休閑活動·to cut a corner走捷徑 ·to meet the demand / need符合需要·to break the ice打破沉默 ·to take measures/action采取措施（行動）·to develop / get into the ha

10、bit of 養(yǎng)成習慣·to raise the standard of living提升生活水平·to have a deep understanding of有很深的了解·to follow the fashion/trend跟隨潮流 ·to have a chat with聊天·to have a great influence on有很大的影響 ·to make a deep impression on予人很深的印象·to make a fool of sb. 愚弄 ·to make an excuse找借

11、口·to get into trouble 陷入困境 ·to help sb out 幫某人擺脫困境·to do some good deeds 做好事 ·to offer help 提供幫助·to insist on doing sth. 堅持要做某事 ·to regret doing sth. 后悔做過某事 ·to keep / prevent / stop sb from doing ·to give one a lift給人搭便車·to kill time消磨時間 ·to lose tr

12、ack of time 忘了時間·to keep in / to lose touch with保持/失去聯(lián)絡·to be caught / to get stuck in a traffic jam遇到交通阻塞·to take the place of取代 ·to spare no effort to do不遺余力·to take the pains to do不辭辛勞 ·to live in harmony生活和諧·to take regular exercise有規(guī)律的運動 ·to have proper d

13、iet合理的飲食·to have a sleepless night徹夜未眠（3）環(huán)境·to protect the environment保護環(huán)境 ·to be environmentally friendly環(huán)保的·to litter / to scatter garbage亂丟垃圾 ·to beautify the environment美化環(huán)境·to improve the qualities of life提升生活質(zhì)量·to do damage to造成損害 ·to benefit / to be ben

14、eficial to 對有益·to be harmful to / to do harm to對有害 ·to park the car at random任意停車 ·to occupy the sidewalk占用人行道 ·to cause inconvenience造成不便 ·to bring about the disorder造成混亂 ·to have sustainable development可持續(xù)發(fā)展·to raise peoples environmental awareness提高人們的環(huán)保意識（4）感觀與

15、思維活動 ·to catch sight of 看見·to see / hear sb do (doing) 看到 / 聽到某人（正在）做·to take notice of 注意到 ·to takeinto consideration / account考慮到·to have a good understanding of 對很了解·to consider / regard to be 認為 ·to come to know開始了解到·to realize that 意識到 ·to be filled

16、with joy充滿喜悅 ·be tired of 厭煩·to be delighted / to take delight / to take a pleasure in doing 以為樂 ·to be worried / upset / concerned about對擔憂·to feel excited about對感到興奮·to feel surprised /shocked / astonished at 對感到吃驚/震驚 ·to be sorry / regretful for 對感到遺憾·be pleased

17、 / satisfied / content with 對感到滿意·to look forward to doing / to long for 期待·to be eager to do / to have a strong desire to do 渴望做·to make up ones mind / to be determined to do 決定做·to shed tears流淚 ·to ease the sorrow緩和悲傷·to feel refreshed精神抖擻·to relieve the tension

18、and anxiety解除緊張和焦慮·to be energetic精力充沛的 ·to be bored感到無聊·to be encouraged / inspired感到振奮、受到鼓舞·to be discouraged / frustrated感到氣餒 ·to be exhausted感到十分疲倦·to be disturbed / bothered感到煩惱 ·to lose patience失去耐心 ·to lose heart失去信心 （5）態(tài)度與感受·to speak / think highl

19、y of 對評價高 ·to broaden the horizon開拓視野 ·to broaden the mind開拓心胸 ·to enlighten the mind啟迪心靈·to realize one's ambition實現(xiàn)抱負 ·to keep one's promise守信用·to keep up with the times跟上時代 ·to be concerned about the society關心社會 ·to fulfill one's duty盡到責任·t

20、o be faced/confronted with the difficulty面臨困難·to get through the difficulties / to weather the storm渡過困境·to stick to the principle堅守原則 ·to escape the reality逃避現(xiàn)實·to pull oneself together / to take heart振作·to take / shoulder the responsibility承擔責任·to take / seize the opp

21、ortunity把握機會·to set a good example / to be a role model樹立楷模·to be independent / to stand on one's own自立·to achieve the aim/goal達到目標 ·to realize ones dream 實現(xiàn)夢想五、書面表達中的高級結構一）高級詞匯請用你所知道的高級詞匯替代下列詞或詞組。1 think of _ 2 spend _ 3 want/look for _4 very _5 sit _ 6 should _7. appreciate

22、 替換thank Thank you very much for you help. We appreciate your help very much. / Your help is much appreciated.8. the case替換 true I dont think it is the case ( true ).9. on, the moment(instant, second)替換as soon as As soon as he arrived, he began his research. On his arrival, he began his research.10.

23、 due to替換because of He arrived late due to ( because of ) the storm. 11. cover替換walk/read After covering (walking) 10 miles, we all felt tired.12. contribute to替換 be helpful/usefulPlenty of memory work is undoubtedly helpful to English study. Plenty of memory work will undoubtedly contribute to Engl

24、ish study.13. round the corner 替換 coming soon/ nearby The summer vacation is round the corner ( coming). Do you have any plans? Li Ming studies in a school round the corner (nearby). 14. come to light替換discoverThe family were so pleased when they discovered the lost jewels. The family were so please

25、d when the lost jewels came to light.15. have a ball替換have a good time/ enjoy oneselfAfter visiting the workshop, we went back to school. Every one of us had a ball ( had a good time ).16. set aside替換saveSome students think that they should set aside some of their pocket money for books. (2004天津卷)17

26、. be of + n. 替換adj.The products are of high quality (very good ) and are sold everywhere in China.18. refer to 替換talk about/of, mentionThe professor you referred to (talked about ) is very famous.19. can not but / can not help but替換have to do : I could not but (had to) go home.20. more often than no

27、t替換usuallyMore often than not (Usually), the meaning of many words can be easily guessed.21. long for sth. / long to do sth. 替換want to do sth./wish forI want to see you very much. I long to see you.22. be caught up in/be crazy about/be absorbed in/be addicted to替換be interested in He is caught up in

28、( very interested in ) collecting stamps.23. more than替換very Im very glad to learn that you are coming in September. Im more than glad to learn that you are coming in September. ( NMET 2003 ) If there is anything I can do for you, I would be more than glad to help.(2004全國卷)24. do sb a favor/ give sb

29、. a hand 替換helpWould you please do me the/a favor ( help me ) to turn down the radio?25. the other day替換a few days agoThe other day my brother and I went to the cinema by bicycle. ( NMET 1997 )26. in the course of替換during In the course of (During) the mountain-climbing, please help each other and pa

30、y special attention to your safety.27. the majority of替換mostThe majority of (Most of ) the interviewees prefer watching TV at home to going to the cinema.28. consist of替換be made up of Our class consists of ( is made up of ) 50 students.29. be worn out替換 be tired / broken After five hours non-stop wo

31、rk, we were all worn out (tired). My shoes are worn out (broken). Please buy me a new pair.30. become of替換 happenWhat do think has become of ( happened to ) him ?31. attend to替換look after 32. on condition that替換as long as33. nevertheless替換however34. express ones satisfaction with替換be satisfied with

32、35. spare no effort to do替換try ones best to do36. many a 替換many 37. be rushed off ones feet 替換be busy in doing38. a handful of替換a little / some 39. meanwhile替換at the same time40. get to ones feet替換stand up 41. beneath替換under42. occasionally替換sometimes /once in while43. for instance替換for example 44.

33、seldom替換not often45. wealthy替換 rich二) 高級句型結構請寫出你所知道的高級句型結構：1 _2 _3 _ more than any other 表示最高級 Among the optional courses, spoken English and computer study are more popular than any one else. 分詞結構 I dont know about others, but I used to have to work even at weekends doing endless homework and atten

34、ding classes as well. (NMET 2001) Well mostly stay at home in the evening watching TV, playing games, and meeting people. (2004 全國卷) Hearing this, a few people began to run after him.（2004 遼寧卷） Born in American, Thomas Edison was a great scientist and inventor.（2008年湖南卷） 倒裝句 The library is to the ea

35、st of the teaching building. East of the teaching building is the library. Although we are tired, we are happy. Tired as we are, we are happy. Only in this way can he grow to be a useful man. (2002 上海卷) May all your dreams come true! May our friendship last till the end of the universe.!（2007年湖南卷） 被

36、動語態(tài) Opinions are divided on the question. (NMET 2002) All classes are taught by teachers with rich experience in teaching foreign students. (2004全國卷 ) New factories, houses and roads have been built.(2004 江蘇卷) 巧妙的改寫（1）Only 改成no one but Only Tom passed the exam last week. No one but Tom passed the ex

37、am.(2) as soon as 改成No soonerthan/Hardlywhen/Immediately/The moment No sooner had we arrived at the cinema than the film started.(3) have sb/sth do/done The girl was knocked off her bicycle and had her leg broken (her leg was broken.).(4) 變換插入語的位置 However, they suggest fees should be charged low. Th

38、ey suggest, however, fees should be charged low. (NMET 2002) I think this is a good chance for you to show your singing talent, and how well youve learned Chinese. This is a good chance for you, I think, to show your singing talent, and how well youve learned Chinese. (2004 全國卷)(5) 用同位語代替非限制性定語從句Mei

39、mei, who is seven years old, has been learning to ride a bicycle for several days.Meimei, a girl of thirteen, has been learning to ride a bicycle for several days. (2002上海卷)Shakespeare, a son from a poor family, a man of little education, wrote plays and poems that are read all over the world.（2008年

40、湖南卷） 其它（1）注重句子的開頭 用with復合結構開頭With the sun setting in the west, we had to wave goodbye to the workers.With his help, we've learned how to analyze and settle problems.（2006年湖南卷）With the functions of inserting, deleting, moving and copying, it enables us to edit test, browse web page and download what we want.（2009年江蘇卷） 用非謂語動詞形式開頭）In order to improve our English, our school held an English contest.）Walking t