口譯課堂筆記

1、口譯課堂筆記1998 年城鎮(zhèn)居民的收入和消費水平發(fā)生了很大的變化，人年均收入達到5160 元，比上一年上升了3.4%。In 1998, great changes took place in the income and consumption levelsof urban residents. The yearly average incomeamounted to 5,160 yuan,increased by 3.4% thanthat ofthe previous year.工人和職員在國營和集體企業(yè)里的收入仍是家庭的主要收入。從事科技工作的收入在全國 12 個主要行業(yè)中居第二位。 他

2、們的教育水平越高， 收入也相應(yīng)增加。Incomes of workers and staffmembersin the state-owned enterprises andcollective work-unitsare still themainstay of families' income. Theincome of scientific and technology researchers stood second in 12maintrades in the country.Their incomes increaseaccording to theireducationl

3、evel.最近幾年，城鎮(zhèn)居民消費結(jié)構(gòu)由溫飽型向小康型轉(zhuǎn)變。1998 年在服裝上支出降低了 4.4%，食品的質(zhì)量有了提高，糧食消費相應(yīng)降低。生活節(jié)奏的加快促使了餐飲的社會化， 98 年居民外出用餐的比例上升了10.4%。In recent years, the consumptionpatternof urban residents hastransformed from subsistenceto a comfortablelife.For instance,in 1998,the money spent on clothing was 4.4 percent less and the qua

4、lity of foodwas improved while theconsumption of grainrelatively reduced. Theaccelerating rhythm of lifehas encouraged more socialization infoodconsumption. In 1998, the rate ofpeople dining outincreased by 10.4%.浦東新區(qū)的崛起使這塊黃金寶地成為海外投資的熱點，如今投資金額已達 530 億美金。The rising of Pudong New District has turned t

5、he valuable place into a hot destination of overseas investment . Nowadaysthe investment has reached 53 billion US dollars.volume2000 年，政府批準了1800 多家外資企業(yè)，在滬投資企業(yè)已達11000 家，據(jù)官方數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計，已有90 多個國家和地區(qū)來滬投資。In 2000, government approved more than 1,800 foreign-funded enterprises and the number of them has amounte

6、d to 11,000 in Shanghai. Officialstatistics showed that more than 90 countries and regions had come to invest in Shanghai.獨資企業(yè)solely-funded enterprise;合資企業(yè) joint venture enterprise;中國要從發(fā)展中國家成為發(fā)達國家就必須大力發(fā)展第三產(chǎn)業(yè)。China must boost its tertiary industry to accomplish its transition from a developing countr

7、y to a developed country.虎丘山頂有一座7 層塔，由于明朝的地面沉降使塔身傾斜了塔成為蘇州的著名景觀。15 度。如今，這座There is a 7 stories pagoda at the top of Tiger Hill. Ming Dynasty caused it to slant to an angle of 15 degrees pagoda has become a famous scenic spot in Suzhou.The subsidence during. Today, the在上海 ,超過 50000 的婦女從事紡織，建材，食品加工，化妝品

8、和藥品行業(yè)。In Shanghai, more than 50,000 women are engaged in fields of textile, building material, food procession, cosmetic and chemicals.建立于 1953 年的上海外國語學(xué)校是一所全日制寄宿學(xué)校， 它附屬于上海外國語大學(xué)。Founded in 1953, Shanghai foreign language school is a full-time boarding school, which is affiliated to Shanghai Internati

9、onal Studies University.中國是一個具有悠久歷史的多民族國家。因此有很多節(jié)日， 譬如春節(jié)，元宵節(jié)，中秋節(jié)，清明節(jié)，龍舟節(jié)等等。with a long history. Thus thereChina is a multi-ethnic group countryare a lot of festivals, such as Spring Festival,Lantern Festival,Mid-autumn Day, Pure-brightnessDay, Dragon-boatingFestivaland so on.中美兩國在新世紀面臨歷史機遇， 兩國之間的合作范圍

10、廣泛， 其實 1999 年雙邊貿(mào)易金額已達 650 萬美金。China and US are facing historical opportunity in the new century. There is much these two countries can cope with. Actually in 1999, the sum of bilateral trades had reached 6.5 million US dollars.外國人鐘情于吃盡可能少加工過的天然食物。Foreigners have shown particular interest in the natu

11、ral food that requires the least possible amount of procession.Phrases and Expressions:蘇繡embroidery紡織工業(yè)textile industry1700 年歷史the tradition of 1700 years山清 水秀 怪石beautiful mountain and lake, exotic rocks" 統(tǒng)得太死 "channel sb. too much美籍華人Chinese-Americans出租車站taxi stand家用電器household appliance這

12、家新建的四星級賓館是一家中美合資企業(yè)。年它要招待許多來自海內(nèi)外的游客。由于它的先進管理和周到服務(wù)，每The newly establishedfour-starhotel is a Sino-US jointventure . Becauseof itsadvanced administrationand good service,ithosts manyquests andtouristsof home and abroadevery year.自中國改革開放以來，我的家鄉(xiāng)已經(jīng)成為海內(nèi)外投資的熱點。Since China's reform and opening up to outs

13、ide world , our hometown has become the hot destination of both domestic and overseas investment.2000 年我家的人均收入達到 12500，比 1999 年上升了 4.8%，在教育與旅游上的消費分別上升了 8.7%和 5.9%。In 2000, the yearly average income of each person in our family hasreached 12,500 yuan, 4.8 percent higher than that of the previous year

14、. Meanwhile the money spent on education and tourism increased by 8.7 percent and 5.9 percent respectively .在我們公司，職員的收入取決于他的教育程度和對公司的貢獻大小。In our company, the salaries of staff members are of their education levels and their contributionsdecided on the basis to the company.以前，國營企業(yè)職工的收入取決于職位，學(xué)歷和工齡。In

15、previous years, the salaries of staff members in state-ownedenterprisesare decided onthe basis oftitle,education level andworking-age.自 1997 年以來，居住區(qū)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)努力發(fā)展服務(wù)行業(yè)，為 280 個下崗工人提供工作。去年該地區(qū)人均收入 9860 元，比前一年上升了 6.7%。Since 1997, leaders of this residential area have madegreat efforts to develop the service-sect

16、or , providing 280 jobs for the laid-off workers. Last year, the yearly average of each person of this area amounted to 9,860 yuan, 6.7 percent more than that of the previous year.自改革開放以來，該地區(qū)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)很重視辦學(xué)與教育。同時引進了不少剛從大學(xué)畢業(yè)的年輕人。Since China's reform and opening up to outside world policy ，leaders of thi

17、s area have attached great importance to schooling and education. Meanwhile, they have absorbed quite a few young people who have just graduated from colleges.我們的居住地已經(jīng)成為一所老年大學(xué)。據(jù)統(tǒng)計，大約 75%的退休教師，醫(yī)生，工程師發(fā)揮余熱， 做出很大的貢獻。 這不僅促進了社區(qū)工作的發(fā)展， 而且使居民間關(guān)系得益。A community college for the elderlyhas been established in ou

18、rresidential area. According to calculations, about 75 percent of theretired teachers, doctors and engineers teach here and havecontributeda lot, which hasnot onlypromoted the development of our community workbut alsobenefitedthe relationship among the residents.中國的知識分子特別是年輕的知識分子從改革開放政策中受益非淺。從 1998

19、年至今，許多人公費或自費出國深造。 近年來，他們中的許多人學(xué)成回國并在各自的領(lǐng)域走上了領(lǐng)導(dǎo)崗位。Chinese intellectuals especially young intellectuals have benefited a lot from the China's reform and opening up to outside world policy. Started from 1978, manyof them went abroad for further study at the public expense or at their own . In recent

20、 years, many of them have come back at the completion of their study and become leaders in their own fields.大華大學(xué)是一所成立于90 年代初的民辦大學(xué)。業(yè)生正活躍在上海地區(qū)各自的領(lǐng)域。10 年來，培養(yǎng)了 2000 多名畢Dahua University is anon-government college, which was established inthe early 1990s'. In the recent ten years, it hascultivatedmore

21、 than2,000 graduates who are working hardattheir own fields in Shanghai.并非所有的精神病醫(yī)院的護士都是女性，通常的男女比例是2比1。Allnurses in the mental hospitals arenot female and in some casestheratio of male to female is 2 to 1.器官的移植不僅需要精確的外科手術(shù)而且要有穩(wěn)定的器官來源。The transplantation of organs not only involves delicate also needs

22、regular supply of human organs.surgery butPhrases and Expressions:公務(wù)員civil servant貧困落后backward沒有余地做某事。There's no ground for自力更生self-reliance交通量 volume of traffic經(jīng)濟特區(qū)special economic zone市政建設(shè)public project贏利 win a profit of立場和觀點stands of points知青educated young people信息高速公路與傳播服務(wù)研討會將如期舉行，你被選為主要發(fā)言人。

23、The seminar on information superhighway and communication service be held as scheduled and you've been chosen as the keynote speakerwill.上海是中國經(jīng)濟，金融，貿(mào)易，科技，信息，文化的中心。上海作為一個歷史文化名城，以其海派文化吸引了海內(nèi)外數(shù)以千計的游客。同時上海也是美食家的天堂，尤其是其本幫菜非常受歡迎。Shanghai is China's center of economy, finance, trade, science andtech

24、nology,informationand culture.As a famous historicaland culturalcity, Shanghai has attracted thousands of touristsboth from home andabroad with its regional and cultural tradition. Meanwhile Shanghai isalso a paradise for gourmets, especially the local cuisines are very popular . 上海被譽為 " 萬國建筑博覽

25、會 " ，最吸引人的建筑作品是外灘的高樓大廈，黃浦江畔的東方明珠也是游客常去的地方。 登上觀光層眺望， 無限風(fēng)光， 盡收眼底。Shanghai is crowned as the exhibition of world architectures . The most attractive architecture works are the high buildings in the Bund. Oriental Pearl TV Tower standing by Huangpu River is also a frequent tourist destination. When

26、 standing in the sightseeing floor and looking around in a distance, you will enjoy the charming skyline of the city and admire the endless smoothing beauty of the city, which you'll find hard to turnaway from.根據(jù)我對中國轎車市場的調(diào)查， 680 個中國人中只有 1 個擁有轎車。這是一個極具潛力的市場。前不久，政府將關(guān)稅由原來的 38%下降到 23%，我認為我們應(yīng)該抓住這個機會打

27、入中國市場。According to the survey I made on China's automobile market, there's only one car for every 680 Chinese people . So it's a market of great potential . Recently, government has cut the tariff rate from 38 percent to 23 percent. I think it's a great opportunity for us to enter Ch

28、ina's automobile market.華東國際文化中心是上海著名的涉外的大學(xué)賓館。它提供許多精致舒適的房間，都裝有閉路衛(wèi)星電視和中央空調(diào)。 它還提供多功能廳， 會議室，華麗的宴會廳以及娛樂中心和商務(wù)中心。EastChina InternationalCultureCenter is a famous universityShanghai, whichis authorized to accommodate foreign guests. Ithas/ offer s many elegant and comfortable room all equipped withclos

29、e-circuit satellite TVand central air-conditioner. It alsohas/ providesmultifunctional halls,conference rooms, splendidhallsas well asrecreation centersand business service centers.hotelinbanquet華東國際文化中心已經(jīng)成功舉辦了許多重要的國內(nèi)外會議。它是科技界，教育界，文藝界以及其他學(xué)術(shù)界來自海內(nèi)外的專家學(xué)者理想的學(xué)術(shù)文化交流場所。East China International Culture Cent

30、er has successfully hosted many important domestic and international conferences. It is an ideal location of academic and culture exchange for experts and scholars from home and abroad in the fields of science and technology, education, entertainment and art as well as people with other professional

31、 backgrounds.我們對彼此的合作非常滿意。雙方公司都經(jīng)歷了最近的不景氣并取得了可觀的利潤。我們希望和你們一同把合作推向新高。We are satisfied with our cooperation, both companysurvive d the recent recession and achieved a moderate profit . We are willing to make effort with your company to push our cooperation to a new height.上海以其獨特魅力吸引了許多企業(yè)家和金融家前來投資取得了豐厚的

32、回報。在世紀之初，上海正迅速成長為世界經(jīng)濟力量， 上海金融業(yè)發(fā)展是以相當規(guī)模和影響的金融系統(tǒng)的成形為標志的。Shanghai'sunique charm has attractedmany entrepreneurs and financierto make investment andrewarded with high economic returns.At thebeginningof thiscentury,shanghai is growing rapidlyto becomea worldlyeconomic enforce.The development of Shang

33、hai's financial industry ismost spectacularwith a fairlylargeand influentialsystem of financialmarket coming into shape.全世界正在注視著在中國所發(fā)生的巨大變化，尤其是上海。如今，中國是全球經(jīng)濟增長最快的國家。 中國迅速崛起為亞太地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟強國已經(jīng)吸引了無數(shù)有遠見的海外投資者。The whole world is watching the great changes taking place in Chinaespecially in Shanghai. Now Chi

34、na is a country with fastest growing economy in the world. China's rapid rise as one of the strongest economic power in the Asia-pacific region has attracted innumerous overseas investors with broad vision .瑞士地處歐洲的心臟，其西面是法國，北面是德國，東面是奧地利，南面是意大利。這些國家多年來對瑞士的歷史，文化以及語言都有著重要的作用。Switzerland lies at the

35、 heart of Europe. To its west is France, to its north is Germany, to its east is Austria and to its south is Italy. These countries have had a great influence on Switzerland in the fields of history, culture and language.瑞士占地面積為 41288 平方公里，美麗的湖光山色每年吸引許多游客。阿爾卑斯山是世界上最高的山脈，即使是在夏季也有很多登山者來登高。Switzerland

36、covers an area of 41,288 square kilometers. The magnificent lake and mountain scenery attracts many tourists every year. The Alps are the highest ranges in the world, which are very popular amongclimbersand hill walkers even in summer.伯恩是瑞士的首都，蘇黎士是瑞士最大的城市，日內(nèi)瓦是瑞士的經(jīng)濟和文化中心。由于瑞士的氣候不適宜農(nóng)業(yè)種植，所以大多數(shù)食物都需要進口。B

37、erne is the capital of Switzerland,Zurichis the largest city inSwitzerlandand Genevais the center of Swiss economyand culture.Becausethe climate of Switzerland is not favorable for agriculture, most of its food needs to be imported.制造業(yè)是瑞士的重要產(chǎn)業(yè)。由于大多數(shù)原材料需要進口，所以不可能生產(chǎn)廉價商品。瑞士以其高質(zhì)量高附加值的產(chǎn)品著稱于世界。 尤其是鐘表制造業(yè)，

38、據(jù)統(tǒng)計每年出口 2800 萬多只手表。此外，瑞士還以其巧克力，奶酪以及銀行業(yè)著名。Manufacturing is of great importance in Switzerland. Since most of its raw materials need to be imported, it cannot produce cheap products.Switzerlandearns a good reputation ofitshigh quality added valueproducts. Especially for its clock and watch making indu

39、stry, according to statistics, every year Switzerland exports more than 2,800 watches.In addition, Switzerland is famous for its chocolate, cheese and banking system.瑞士是國際金融中心。 1992 年以前，世界上任何人都可以在蘇黎士和日內(nèi)瓦開保密賬戶。銀行提供對賬戶金額以及戶主姓名的保密服務(wù)。 盡管如今不再有這種服務(wù)，仍吸引許多海外機構(gòu)和個人投資，其主要原因是經(jīng)濟和貨幣的穩(wěn)定。Switzerlandis an internatio

40、nalbanking center.Before the year of 1992,anyone in the worldcan open a confidential number accountin Zurich andGeneva. The bank willdisclosethe account of money held in theconfidential number account and the name of the account holder.Despitethe fact thatbanks no longer provide this kind of service

41、 nowadays, itstill attracts manyoverseas investments from corporations andindividuals. The main reason is the stabilityof itseconomy and currencyvalue .雖然瑞士沒有加入聯(lián)合國， 但許多聯(lián)合國組織都在日內(nèi)瓦設(shè)立總部， 比如國際原子能機構(gòu)，世界勞工組織等等。Although Switzerland is not a member of United Nations, Geneva headquarters of many international

42、 organizations such as Agency, International Labor Organization etc.isAtomic Energy每個瑞士人都可以說好幾種語言，如德語，法語，意大利語等等。瑞士政府很重視教育教學(xué)。瑞士有幾所受人尊敬的具有悠久歷史的高等學(xué)府。16 歲以前每個瑞士人都要接受義務(wù)教育。因此，文盲在瑞士是很少見的。 99%的瑞士人都能夠閱讀，這個數(shù)字即使在西方也是無與倫比的。Every Swiss can speak several languages like German, French, Italian and so on. Switzerla

43、nd government attaches great importance to teaching and schooling. There are several respectable institutions of higher learning with a long history in Switzerland. Every Swiss under 16-year-old should receive compulsory education . As a result, illiteracy is almost unheard of in Switzerland. 99 per

44、cent of Swiss can read. This figure is unmatched/unparalleled even in western countries.科教興國戰(zhàn)略是我國的一項基本國策。科技進步是經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵因素，而教育發(fā)展是科技進步的基礎(chǔ)。我們相信經(jīng)濟競爭是科技的競爭，也是人才的競爭。The strategy of developing the country by relying on science andeducation is one of China's basic state policies. Scientific andtechnologic

45、al progress is a decisive factor in economy development.Education development is the foundation of scientific and technologicalprogress.Webelievethat economic competitionis a competitionof scienceand technology and a competition of talents.這次我們的訪問是本著積極參與，擴大共識，增進互信，加強合作的目的，探討雙方未來的發(fā)展目標和指導(dǎo)方針。 中國一直十分重視發(fā)

46、展與貴國的關(guān)系， 并將全力支持貴國在國際事務(wù)中發(fā)揮積極的作用。Withthe purpose of engaging an activeparticipation,broadeningcommonground and mutual trust and strengthening further cooperation, we arecoming here to discussthe objectiveand guidelineof our development inthe future. China has attached a great importance to the develop

47、ment of the relationship between our two countries and we will in full supportof your positive role in international affairs.那些視力，聽力，智力有缺陷的兒童也可以入學(xué)。Those children who have impaired eyesight or hearing or are mentally retarded can also go to special school.全國共有 182600 專職教師，實行職責(zé)聘任制。國家規(guī)定幼兒園，小學(xué)，初中教師分別必須要

48、有中師，大專和本科學(xué)歷。There are 182,600 full-time teachers altogether, to whom professional appointment system is applied. It is stipulated by the state that theteachers in kindergarten, primary school and junior high school must hold diplomas of secondary normal school, junior college and university respecti

49、vely.上海建志于 1291 年，有 700 年的歷史。面積6430 平方公里，有 14 個區(qū)， 6 個縣。人口 1600 萬，其中 999 萬在市區(qū)。Founded in 1291, Shanghai has a history of 700 years. With an area of6430 square kilometers, it has 14 districts, 6 counties. It has apopulationof 16 million,amongwhich 9 million9 hundred and ninetypeopleare living in urban

50、 area proper.Phrases and Expressions:衛(wèi)生public health嬰兒死亡率infant morality rate壽命lifeexpectancy全面計劃德高望重comprehensive scheme人才輩出of noble characters and prestigea galaxy of talents50 年來，各類學(xué)校培養(yǎng)了大量的專業(yè)人員和勞動力。高等學(xué)府共培養(yǎng)了4 萬名畢業(yè)研究生， 78 萬名本科生和大專生。各中等技術(shù)學(xué)校培養(yǎng)了120 萬專業(yè)和技術(shù)人才。據(jù)統(tǒng)計， 98 年雇傭勞動力的平均受教育的年數(shù)超過11 年，這些數(shù)字在國內(nèi)處于領(lǐng)先地位。

51、Over the past 50 years,schools at alllevelshave traineda largenumberof professionalsand workers.Institutionsof high learninghave educated40,000 postgraduates, 780,000 undergraduates and junior collegegraduates. Secondary vocational schools have brought up 1,200,000technicians and skilled workers. Ac

52、cording to the survey of 1998, amongthe employees, the average length of schooling is over 11 years. Thesefigures hit the country's peak.98 年全市高校教師有25000 人，博士生導(dǎo)師750 人，占全國的 13.9%。 78 年至今，公派出國人數(shù)為18000 人。In1998, there are 25,000 fulltime teachers in collegesand universities,750 of whom are supervis

53、ors for doctoral degree candidates, accountingfor13.9 percentof the whole country.Since 1978, therehave been 18,000people sent abroad at the expense of the government.本市共有 15000 名專職從事研究開發(fā)人員， 44000 人從事科研活動，有國家級，部級，省級，市級重點實驗室 40 個， 3 個國家級工程研究中心和 389 個研究所。 There're 15,000 full time personnel engage

54、d in research and development, 44,000 personnel participated in scientific and technological activities. There're 40 labs at the state, ministerial, provincial and city levels, 3 state engineering research center and 389 research institutions.近 5 年來，高校取得了 4500 多項科研成果，其中轉(zhuǎn)讓了 1500 項；獲省市級以上的獎勵 1300 多項，在國內(nèi)外期刊上發(fā)表了 5 萬篇論文。In the recent 5 years, there have been more than 4,500 research products achieved in colleges and universities, among which 1,500 products havebeen transferred. Over 1300 products have won awards at state andprovincial levels or above. 50,000 theses and papers have