Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela

1、Introduction 1Full name: Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela Birthplace:Umtata, Transkei, South Africa Born:18 July 1918 Occupation：the present of South AfricaEducation:Attended University College of Fort Hare and Witwatersrand University; University of South Africa, law degree, 1942.Main achievements：the win

2、ner of Nobel Peace PrizeRepresentative works:Long Walk to Freedom; The Struggle Is My Life ; Part of My Soul Went with Him Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela 2Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela was born in Transkei, South Africa on July 18, 1918. He was educated at University College of Fort Hare and the University o

3、f Witwatersrand and qualified in law in 1942. He is also a world-renowned Nobel Peace Prize winner. In order to overthrow the South African racist domination, he spent 50 years ( 1944 - 1994) extremely hard and bitter struggle, Finally, from the prison became the first black president, for the New S

4、outh Africa to create a democratic unification.3Experience4In 1938 to enter the fort Hale school, then studied at the University of Lund wit Waters, Bachelor of laws. In 1948 he was elected to the ANC Youth League 1950 National Secretary, served the ANC Youth League national chairman. From 1952 to 1

5、956 in Johannesburg as a practicing lawyer. 5In 1961, he led a strike, protest and boycott of White Racist established the Republic of South africa;In 1961 June Mandela created the ANC military organization spear of the nation, he served as commander in chief.In 1962 August, Mandela was arrested and

6、 put into prison, when he was only 43 years old, the South African government to foment and crime of illegal border crossing sentenced him to 5 years in prison.6In 1964 June, he was charged with attempted to violently overthrow the government, commuted to life imprisonment.In February 11, 1990, the

7、South African authorities in the domestic and international public opinion pressure, was forced to announce the unconditional release of Mandela.In 1990 March, he was not in the country executive appointed Vice President, took the post of chairman.71991 July was elected as chairman.In 1994 April, th

8、e ANC in South Africas first non-racial elections. In May, Mandela became the first black president in South africa.In 1997 December, Mandela resigned from the ANC chairman, said that no longer participate in the 1999 and June presidential campaign.8Career9Lawyer, political activist, and leader of t

9、he African National Congress, beginning in 1944. Joined African National Congress, 1944, became secretary and president of the Congress Youth League, 194410 The president of the Youth League, 1951-1952; helped to draft ANCs Freedom Charter, 1955.Appointed honorary secretary of the All-African Nation

10、al Action Council, 1961; became head of Umkonto we Sizwe (Spear of the Nation), an underground paramilitary wing of the ANC, 1961. 11 Sentenced to five years in prison for inciting Africans to strike and for leaving South Africa without a valid travel document, 1962;sentenced to life imprisonment fo

11、r sabotage and treason, 1964;incarcerated in various penal institutions in South Africa, including Robben Island and Pollsmoor prison, 1962-90;12 released February 11, 1990; elected ANC president, 1991; elected president of South Africa, April 27, 1994;inaugurated, May 12, 1994. Left office, June 19

12、99.13Awards14Jawaharlal Nehru Award for International Understanding from the government of India, 1980; Bruno Kreisky Prize for Human Rights from the government of Austria, 1981; named an honorary citizen of Rome, 1983; Simon Bolivar International Prize from UNESCO, 1983; W. E. B. DuBois Medal, 1986

13、; Nobel Peace Prize, 1987;15 Liberty Medal, 1987; Sakharov Prize, 1988; Gaddaff Human Rights Prize, 1989; Houphouet Prize, 1991;Nobel Peace Prize, 1993;Numerous international honorary degrees, including honorary doctorate degree, Open University, Cape Town, 2004;Honorary degree, Amherst College, New

14、 York, 2005.16Selected Writings No Easy Walk to Freedom, Basic Books, 1965.The Struggle Is My Life, Pathfinder Press, 1986.Long Walk to Freedom: The Autobiography of Nelson Mandela, Little, 1994.17Family18Mandelas ex-wife - Winnie 19Mandelas current wife20Mandela and his daughter 21222324others25Song 光輝歲月 鐘聲響起歸家的訊號 在他生命里彷佛帶點唏噓黑色肌膚給他的意義 是一生奉獻膚色斗爭中年月把擁有變做失去疲倦的雙眼帶著期望今天只有殘留的軀殼 迎接光輝歲月 風雨中抱緊自由一生經(jīng)過彷徨的掙扎 自信可改變未來問誰又能做到可否不分膚色的界限 愿這土地里不分你我高低繽紛色彩閃出的美麗 是因它沒有分