英語筆譯實(shí)務(wù)課件

1、英 語 筆 譯 實(shí) 務(wù)by vivi chenContentsAbout the courseLead-in to Unit 1 AssignmentAbout the coursePurposeRequirements for studentsArrangements Methods of teachingAssessment Methods of teachingExplaining & demonstratingGroup workTopic translation practiceNetworkAssessmentAttendance 10%Class participation 15

2、%Exercise 15%Final exam 60%Final examMultiple choice questions (2*10)Putting the sentences into Chinese (2*10)Putting the sentences into English (2*10)Putting the passage into Chinese (20*1)Putting the passage into English (20*1)Lead-in Translating technique- conversionPractice - sentence translatin

3、gPractice on the topic of tourismTranslating technique (1)ConversionsIn order to smooth the translation, some parts of speech in respective language have to be converted. The conversion in translation generally takes following forms 1、nonsubject subject（1）object of preposition subject There are four

4、 seasons in a year. 一年有四季。 Now, heat is being added to the substance. 現(xiàn)在這種物質(zhì)正在加熱。 a year. the substance At least two quarts of water are required daily by a normal individual. 一個(gè)正常的人每天至少需要兩夸脫的水。 High-quality machines of various types are produced in our country. 我國生產(chǎn)各種類型的優(yōu)質(zhì)機(jī)器。our countrya normal ind

5、ividual（2）object of verbs subjectAn automobile must have a brake with high efficiency. 汽車的煞車必須高度有效。Ice is not so dense as water and therefore it floats. 冰的密度比水小，因此能浮在水面上。Two widely used alloys of copper are brass and bronze. 黃銅和青銅是兩種廣泛使用的銅合金。a brake densebrassand bronze2、non-predicate predicate（1）at

6、tributive predicate Manganese has the same effect on the strength of steel as silicon. 錳對(duì)鋼的強(qiáng)度的影響和矽相同。Solids have a shape independent of the container. 固體的形狀與容器無關(guān)。sameindependent（2）subject predicateA glance through his office window offers a panoramic view of the Washington Monument and the Lincoln M

7、emorial. 從他的辦公室窗口可以一眼看到華盛頓紀(jì)念碑和林肯紀(jì)念館的全景。A view of Mt. Fuji can be obtained from here. 從這里可以看到富士山。A glance A view （3）other parts of speech predicate some adjectives, adverbs, prepositions, nouns or prepositional phrases can be converted into predicate especially when they serve as predictive in the se

8、ntence.The fact that she was able to send a message was a hint. But I had to be cautious. 她能夠給我?guī)€(gè)信兒這件事就是個(gè)暗示，但是我必須小心謹(jǐn)慎。 As he ran out, he forgot to have his shoes on. 他跑出去時(shí)，忘記了穿鞋子。（形容詞譯成謂語）（副詞譯成謂語）be cautiousonThis explanation is against the natural laws. 這種解釋違反自然規(guī)律。We were on the supposition that th

9、ey could improve the complex machine. 我們認(rèn)為他們能改進(jìn)這臺(tái)復(fù)雜的機(jī)器。 He was a regular visitor. 他以前常來。（介詞譯成謂語）（介詞短語譯成謂語）（名詞譯成謂語） against on the supposition a regular visitor 3、non-object object（1）subject objectWhen power is spoken of, time is taken into account. 說到功率時(shí)，總是把時(shí)間計(jì)算在內(nèi)。The workers were seen repairing the

10、 machine. （我們）看見工人在修理機(jī)器。powerThe workers 4、non-attributive attributive （1）subject attributiveFor the sake of emphasis of some parts, thesubject of the sentence can be converted into attributive. Various substances differ widely in their magnetic characteristics. 各種材料的磁特性有很大的不同。Without air, the earth

11、 would undergo extreme changes in temperature. 沒有空氣，地球的溫度會(huì)發(fā)生極大變化。Various substances the earth （2）adverbial attributive some adverbials (mostly adverbials of place) located at the beginning of the sentence can be converted into attributives.In this world, things are complicated and are decided by man

12、y factors. 世界上的事情是復(fù)雜的，是由各方面的因素決定的。Throughout the world, oil consumption is growing rapidly. 全世界的石油消耗量正在迅速增長。In this worldThroughout the worldPractice1. The sailors swarmed into a laughing and cheering ring around the two men.2. 他們一不會(huì)做工，二不會(huì)耕地，三不會(huì)打仗。3. Out of all the glorious tales written about the U

13、.S. revolution for independence from Britain the fact is hardly known that a black man was the first to die for American independence. Practice4. 中國已經(jīng)成功地發(fā)射了第一顆試驗(yàn)通信衛(wèi)星。這顆衛(wèi)星是由三級(jí)火箭推動(dòng)的，一直運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)正常。它標(biāo)志著我國在發(fā)展運(yùn)載工具和電子技術(shù)方面進(jìn)入了一個(gè)新階段。 5. Independent observers have commented favorably on the achievement you have made

14、in this direction. Practice6. The beauty of our country or at least all of it south of the Highlands is as hard to define as it is easy to enjoy.7. 隨著中國旅游市場(chǎng)迅速擴(kuò)大，人們正在創(chuàng)造更好的環(huán)境，以促進(jìn)旅游市場(chǎng)進(jìn)一步發(fā)展。8. There is a combination of enthusiasm and excitement that is felt while travelling. New foods, different faces,

15、foreign languages, and interesting customs all fascinate the travelers.Practice9. 專家認(rèn)為，提倡旅游業(yè)與環(huán)境保持和諧是所有國家的共同選擇。 10. The idea of going to Europe just for scenery is my idea of a misspent journey when there are so many different cultures to explore and historical and artistic experiences to absorb. Ref

16、erence1. 水手們興高采烈，蜂擁而至，將這兩個(gè)人圍成了一圈。2. They do not know a thing about factory work, nor about farm work, nor about military affairs.3. 即使遍讀關(guān)于美國為擺脫英國統(tǒng)治爭(zhēng)取獨(dú)立而進(jìn)行革命的光輝紀(jì)事，卻也很難了解第一個(gè)為美國獨(dú)立而捐軀的原來是一個(gè)黑人。Reference4. The successful launching of chinas first experimental communications satellite, which was propelled

17、by a three-stage rocket and has been in operation ever since, indicates that our nation has entered a new stage in the development of carrier rockets and electronics.5. 思想獨(dú)立的觀察家們對(duì)你們?cè)谶@個(gè)方面所取得的成就給與了很好的評(píng)價(jià)。Reference6. 我們美麗的國家至少蘇格蘭高地以南的地帶有目共賞而難以描繪。7. As the Chinese tourism market expands at a high speed,

18、a good environment is being created to further drive its development.8. 旅行時(shí)，人會(huì)有一種激動(dòng)興奮的感覺。新奇的食品、不同的面孔、外國的語言，以及有趣的風(fēng)俗，所有這些都令游客們心悅神迷。Reference9. Experts hold that it is a common choice for all the countries to advocate the harmony between the environment and the tourism industry.10. 在我看來，歐洲有這么多不同的文化值得探索

19、，那么多歷史和藝術(shù)遺產(chǎn)可以欣賞，如果去那里只是為了看看風(fēng)景，真是枉了此行。Unit 1 TourismUseful expressionsSupplementary practiceTranslating technique the selection of wordsReferenceRelated practiceAssignmentUseful Expressionsa brochure of scenic spotaccess to wheelchairs in the tourist 景區(qū)設(shè)置的輪椅通道a cursory tripaerobic capacitya hub of la

20、nd traffic and logistics 陸路交通樞紐和物流中心an annual capacity of handling 5 million passengers景區(qū)的觀光手冊(cè)走馬觀花之行供氧能力年旅客吞吐量為500萬人次apply for a visaaround-the-world cruisera seaside resorta theme parka travel buffaudio guideautomatic deposit box申請(qǐng)簽證環(huán)球游船海濱度假勝地主題公園旅游愛好者電子講解機(jī)自動(dòng)寄存箱a vacation wonderlanda world geologic

21、al parka year-round tourist destination 全年開放的旅游勝地budget airlinescameras are forbidden chartered buschefs special clip/punch the ticket度假的天堂世界地質(zhì)公園便宜的、經(jīng)濟(jì)型航空公司包車禁止拍照廚師特薦菜；招牌菜剪票collecting and distributing center for small commoditiescontact the visitor center for more informationdown paymentdrawbridgeea

22、rth-circling flight ecotourism小商品集散中心預(yù)付訂金 吊橋環(huán)球飛行生態(tài)旅游咨詢?cè)敿?xì)信息請(qǐng)聯(lián)系游客服務(wù)中心enjoy a birds-eye view of the cityenjoy service at a preferential price 享受優(yōu)惠價(jià)格ensemble of ancient royal architecture 古代宮殿建筑群excess luggagefeature tourFerris wheelfestooned vehicle parade俯瞰城市全景超重行李特色旅游摩天輪花車巡游get in through the wicketI

23、nternational Ecotourism Society 國際生態(tài)旅游協(xié)會(huì)in the scarcely settled grasslands 在人煙稀少的大草原issue a visalocker servicemarine ecosystemmonsoon climate從檢票口通過簽發(fā)簽證寄存行李海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)季風(fēng)氣候natural landscape (scenery)natural spanewly introduced entertainment in the tourist siteobservation deckoccupancy ratepackage tourpack-

24、sack自然風(fēng)景天然水療中心最新引入景區(qū)的游樂項(xiàng)目觀光臺(tái)入住率團(tuán)體游旅行背包pleasure cruiserprovide free interpretation service 提供免費(fèi)講解服務(wù)read through safety instructionsrecreational resortrecreational travelrent ski equipmentride the roller coaster游輪；游覽航行細(xì)讀安全須知休閑度假勝地休閑性旅游租用滑雪用具坐過山車room reservationround-trip ticket/one-way ticketsafari/wi

25、ldlife parkscenic spots often visited by tourists 游客常去的景點(diǎn) shore excursionsightseeing buses/cable carsustainable tourismtake dragon as the mascot客房預(yù)約往返票/單程票野生動(dòng)物園上岸旅行觀光游覽車/纜車可持續(xù)觀光把龍當(dāng)作吉祥物ticket boothtoken (coin)/token for games/a gift token 代用幣/游戲幣/禮品卷tourism economiststourism logotourism receiptstouri

26、st coach (bus)tourist service center/visitor center 游客服務(wù)中心售票廳旅游經(jīng)濟(jì)師旅游標(biāo)識(shí)語旅游收入旅游車tourist traptrainee guide/volunteer guide 實(shí)習(xí)導(dǎo)游/義務(wù)導(dǎo)游upper, middle or lower berthvacant berthvalid visavehicle-free promenadevisa-free travel旅行陷阱上鋪，中鋪或下鋪空著的臥鋪（未賣出）有效簽證步行街免（申辦）簽證旅行walk on the plank pathwatch the rising sunwat

27、er-curtain movie/four-dimension movie 水幕電影/四維電影week-long art festivalwilderness tourismWorld Carnival在棧道上行走觀日出為期一周的藝術(shù)節(jié)荒野旅游環(huán)球嘉年華一般詞匯旅游?？?regular member 紀(jì)念品 souvenir 帶隊(duì)小旗 pennant 度假營 holiday camp 觀光團(tuán) sightseeing party 旅游護(hù)照 tourist passport 向?qū)?conductor 宿營地 tourist park旅程 itinerary 旅游簽證 tourist visa旺季

28、busy season 旅游指南 tourist guide 市區(qū)旅游 city tour 旅游勝地 tourist attraction周游世界 globe tour 海濱勝地 seaside resort公費(fèi)旅游 junket 市區(qū)圖 city map 包價(jià)旅行 package tour 淡季 off-season名勝 scenic spot 游覽 excursion古跡 historic site 旅行社 travel agency自助游 independent travel 自然保護(hù)區(qū) natural reserve 世界自然和文化遺產(chǎn) World Heritage Sites (WH

29、S)旅游黃金周 golden week for tourism 經(jīng)典線路 classic travel route 國內(nèi)游 inbound tourism 古建筑群 ancient architectural complex 魚米之鄉(xiāng) a land of milk and honey 描寫性詞匯 奇峰異石 picturesque peaks and rocks 奇花異草exotic flowers and herbs 青山不斷Green hills roll on endlessly 群山環(huán)抱be surrounded by mountains/hills 高山水急Mountains are

30、high and torrents are swift. 山巒迭翠 range upon range of green hills 拾級(jí)而上ascend step by step 天下奇觀wondrous spectacle 亭臺(tái)樓閣elegant buildings for landscaping purposes 蜿蜒曲折winding and zigzagging 萬紫千紅a riot of colors相映成趣 form delightful contrast心曠神怡completely relaxed and happy懸崖絕壁sheer precipices and overhan

31、ging rocks絢麗多姿 gorgeous and colorful尋幽探勝 search for seclusion and beautiful scenery煙波浩渺 a wide expanse of misty waters一覽無余 have a commanding view of一片蒼茫的海天景色 a vast expanse of sea and sky依山傍水 nestling under a mountain and near a river郁郁蔥蔥luxuriant and green枝繁葉茂 luxuriant, sturdy and vigorous莊嚴(yán)肅穆 sol

32、emn and serene巍然屹立 be towering and lofty蔚為壯觀 present a splendid sight熙熙攘攘hustle and bustle百花齊放 all flowers are in bloom碧波蕩漾 green, rippling (lake)碧水清山a world of shimmering green hills and clear azure water蒼松翠柏 luxuriant cypresses and pines層巒疊嶂 range upon range of hills/mountains姹紫嫣紅 a blaze of brigh

33、t colors崇山峻嶺 towering and steep mountains船移景換 Each turn of the boat affords a different scenery雕梁畫棟 carved beams and painted rafters洞天福地scenery of exceptional charm飛流急湍 Waters rush down in whirlpools and rapids峰回路轉(zhuǎn) the paths running sinuously amidst the peaks Practice San Francisco San Francisco, op

34、en your Golden Gate, sang the girl in the theatre. She never finished her song. That date was 18th April, 1906. The earth shook and the roof suddenly divided, buildings crashed to the ground and people rushed out into the streets. The dreadful earthquake destroyed the city that had grown up when men

35、 discovered gold in the deserts of Califounia. But today the streets of San Francisco stretch over more than forty steep hills, rising like huge cliffs above the blue waters of the Pacific Ocean.Reference 漫步舊金山 “舊金山，敞開你的金門吧！”劇院里女歌手唱道，可惜她再也沒能唱完。這一天是1906 年4 月川日，大地震動(dòng)，屋頂猛地開裂，樓房轟轟倒塌，人們紛紛從屋里逃出，沖上街頭。這座城市早在

36、人們于加州沙澳發(fā)現(xiàn)金礦起，就興盛起來，然而卻遭此可怕的地震，毀于一旦。時(shí)至今日，舊金山的街道四處延伸（四通八達(dá)），遍布四十多座陡峭的小山像懸崖峭壁般高聳于太平洋藍(lán)色的海域之上。 The best way to see this splendid city, where Spanish people were the first to make their homes, is to take one of the old cable cars which run along the nine main avenues. Fares are cheap; they have not risen,

37、Im told, for almost a hundred years.Practice 要游覽這座西班牙人最早落戶的絢麗城市，最好的辦法是乘坐舊式纜車，纜車穿越九條主大街，收費(fèi)低廉，據(jù)說近百年來一直沒漲過價(jià)。 Reference You leave the palm trees in Union Squarethe heart of San Franciscoand from the shop signs and the faces around you, you will notice that in the city live people from many nationsAustri

38、ans, Italians, Chinese and othersgiving each part a special character. More Chinese live in China Town than in any other part of the world outside China. Here, with Chinese restaurants, Chinese post-boxes, and even odd telephone-boxes that look like pagodas, it is easy to feel you are in China itsel

39、f.PracticeReference 聯(lián)合廣場(chǎng)是舊金山的中心你從廣場(chǎng)棕桐樹下向外行，掃視店鋪招牌和周圍形形色色的面孔，就會(huì)注意到這座城市里居住著來自許多國家的人 奧地利人、意大利人、中國人等等 這就使每一地段呈現(xiàn)出迥然不同的特色。唐人街住著許多華人，其人數(shù)之眾遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過本土之外任何地方。這里有中國風(fēng)味的餐館、中國式郵筒，甚至還有奇異的電話亭，形如寶塔凡此種種，就令你猶若置身中國境內(nèi)了。 Fishermans Wharf, a place all foreigners want to see, is at the end of the ride. You get out, pause perha

40、ps to help the other travelers to swing the cable car on its turntable (a city custom), and then set out to find a table in one of the gay little restaurants beside the harbor. As you enjoy the fresh Pacific seafood you can admire the bright red paint of the Golden Gate Bridge in the harbor and watc

41、h the traffic crossing beneath the tall towers on its way to the pretty village of Tiberon.Practice 纜車的終點(diǎn)站是“漁民碼頭”，海外游客均想一睹為快。你下車后，稍做停留，遵照當(dāng)?shù)仫L(fēng)俗，幫助其他游客推動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)車臺(tái)上的纜車，使之掉頭轉(zhuǎn)向，然后移步到碼頭旁邊一家裝飾華麗的小飯館里，找個(gè)座位坐下。你可以一邊品嘗太平洋的海鮮，更能一邊欣賞海港里漆色鮮紅的金門大橋，觀看林立的高樓之下通往美麗村莊“蒂伯龍”的交通線上絡(luò)繹不絕的車輛。 ReferencePractice可攝像的手機(jī)/手機(jī)相機(jī) camera phon

42、e/phone camera喇叭話筒大昭寺藏傳佛教megaphonethe Jokhang TempleTibetan BuddhismPractice 西藏 西藏曾經(jīng)是偏遠(yuǎn)的代名詞，但最近幾年，這里的建設(shè)和旅游業(yè)都迅猛發(fā)展，把手機(jī)相機(jī)、揮舞著喇叭話筒的導(dǎo)游們都帶到了大昭寺這樣的景點(diǎn)。西藏旅游業(yè)的高歌猛進(jìn)要?dú)w結(jié)于中國人收入的增加、中國人對(duì)藏傳佛教的越來越著迷以及通往世界屋脊的交通狀況的改善等多種因素。今年夏天，中國啟動(dòng)了一條通往西藏的鐵路，堪稱工程學(xué)的一大奇跡。這條鐵路全程爬升高度達(dá)4876米，為世界之最。Reference Tibet Once almost a synonym for re

43、moteness, Tibet has in recent years experienced rapid (a surge of) development and tourism, bringing camera phones and tour guides/ leaders waving/wielding megaphones to sites like the Jokhang Temple. Tourism to Tibet is increasing quickly/jumping/ soaring/skyrocketing, a result of rising Chinese in

44、comes, growing Chinese fascination with Tibetan Buddhism and easier access to the Roof of the World . This summer, China opened a railway leading to Tibet, which is a marvelous engineering feat (Beijing unveiled an engineering marvel of a train line to Tibet). The train climbs to a height of 4.876 m

45、eters, becoming the highest railroad in the world. 一名導(dǎo)游對(duì)記者說：“我必須來這里，這里有錢賺啊。” 這股旅游熱潮還只是剛剛開始。盡管西藏2004年接待游客約為120 萬之多，但一位官員預(yù)計(jì)，到2020年，西藏游客可能增加到1200 萬。Practice “I had to come here,” a tour guide told me during my visit to Tibet this summer. “This is where I can make money. This tourism boom is only the be

46、ginning. Though in 2004 Tibet received some 1.2 million tourists, an official estimated that 12 million visitors may come by 2020.Reference 對(duì)很多西方游客來說，游客的激增更增加了他們?nèi)ノ鞑氐钠惹懈?，因?yàn)樗麄冋J(rèn)為現(xiàn)在還能辨認(rèn)出這里獨(dú)特的文化和脆弱的環(huán)境。然而正當(dāng)更多外國游客考慮進(jìn)藏旅游時(shí)，西藏也正在變得更加舒適，更加便于自助游客的進(jìn)出，而且也具備了高檔的住宿條件。 Practice For many Western travelers, the touris

47、m surge/boom has added to the urgency of getting to Tibet while they think they can still recognize its unique culture and fragile/ weak/vulnerable environment. Yet even as more foreigners consider visiting, Tibet is becoming more comfortable, with easier access for independent travelers and higher-

48、end/deluxe accommodations. ReferenceTranslating technique the selection of words1. Better understanding of the source material context connection denotation & connotation2. Selection of the word forms in C-E translation. C (without morphology) E (with morphology) * verbs are more or less colloquial,

49、 while nouns and gerunds are quite formal. Reference 1. He smokes heavily. He is a heavy smoker.2. She loves music very much and has a gift for dancing.She has a love for music and a gift for dancing.She is a greater lover of music and a gifted dancer.3. You must be bad at learning, or else your tea

50、cher must be bad at teaching.You must be a bad learner, or else you must be going to a bad teacher.Reference4. Please dont stand up before the bus has fully stopped.Please dont stand up before the bus comes to a full stop.5. You must know the history and culture of the country well before you can qu

51、alify as a tourist guide.You must have a good knowledge of the history and culture of the country before you can be a qualified tourist guide.Reference6. You must expose yourself to English as much as possible if you are to learn it well.You must get as much exposure to English as possible if you ar

52、e to learn it well.7. It would be impossible to realise the Four Modernizations without strong Party leadership.The realization of the Four Modernizations would be impossible without strong Party leadership.Reference8. In the 1980s, a great number of township enterprises emerged in China, which brou

53、ght unprecedented vitality to the counts economy.The emergence of a great number of township enterprises in China in the 1980s brought unprecedented vitality to the counts economy.9. This event itself indicates their sincere wish to cooperate with us.This event itself is an indication of their since

54、re wish to cooperate with us. Reference10. The beautiful apple, peach and pomegranate hang their fruit on their branches and make people admire them at first sight with their brilliant colors.The beautiful apple, peach and pomegranate hang their fruit on their branches and draw peoples admiration at

55、 first sight with their brilliant colors.Related practice計(jì)算機(jī)比人檢查的更細(xì)心更勤快。他們不僅雇傭工人，也雇傭經(jīng)理。教材不按時(shí)送到就會(huì)打亂我們的教學(xué)計(jì)劃。這類預(yù)言要是為實(shí)驗(yàn)所驗(yàn)證，那么，理論即得到了支持， 并可導(dǎo)致形成某個(gè)定律或原理。2003年10月16日， 中國第一架載人宇宙飛船安全返回地面。這標(biāo)志著中國成為繼美國和前蘇聯(lián)之后的第三個(gè)成功將人類送上太空的國家。Reference The computer is a far more careful and industrious inspector than human beings.

56、They are the employers of managers, as much as they are the employers of work people.Any delay in the delivery of the textbooks will disturb our teaching plan.Verification of these predictions by experiment supports the theory and may lead to formulation of a law or principle.Reference5. The safe re

57、turn of chinas first manned spaceship on October 16,2003, has made china the third country in the world that has successfully sent man into space following the united states and the former soviet union.AssignmentComplete the translating exercises on p4 & p8.Review the sample translations in unit 1.T

58、ry to finish the passage translations on p12.Unit 3 EconomyTranslating technique negativeness & affirmativeness Useful expressionsSupplementary practiceTranslating technique the selection of wordsRelated practiceAssignment70I. Reasons for using Affirmative-negative or negative-affirmative expressing

59、 way.During the process of E-C or C-E translation, due to different ways or habit of expressing, the transfer of affirmative expression into negative one or vice versa is not only frequent but necessary. The reasons of using this method is, first, to express the exact meaning of the source language

60、smoothly; second, to conform to norms of the target language. 71II. Brief definition and related information on affirmative-negative expression The method which expresses affirmative sentences in a negative way is called affirmative-negative expression. In the meantime, the method which expresses ne