現(xiàn)代外語教學(xué)復(fù)習(xí)資料

1、現(xiàn)代外語教學(xué)復(fù)習(xí)資料緒論我國外語教學(xué)存在的問題： （P2-P5）theoretical researches are weakteachers faculty is not strongschools are short of teaching resourcesteaching concepts lag behind the societyeducation is mainly exam-orientedthe interference related to power and money is serious第二章外語教學(xué)研究的三個層次： （P32-P38 ）ontology: essen

2、tial characteristics of language itself and language teaching語言的本質(zhì)特點(diǎn)：1).the most important tool to communicate2).a linguistic system made up of various subsystems3).a tool to think and a carrier for culture4).require special physiological basis外語教學(xué)研究的三個層次： （P32-P38 ）positivism: principles of foreign

3、 language teachinga. systematic principlecommunicative principlecognitive principle精選文庫cultural principleaffective principle外語教學(xué)研究的三個層次： （P32-P38 ） methodology: organization, strategies and methods of foreignlanguageteaching存在的問題：exclusivenessone-sidednessintricacy第三章外語學(xué)習(xí)者的生理和認(rèn)知因素： （P46-P52 ）intelli

4、gence ：take different steps to students of different level of intelligenceb.general intelligence communicationhigher intelligence form外語學(xué)習(xí)者的生理和認(rèn)知因素： （P46-P52 ）aptitude ：phonetic coding abilitygrammatical sensitivityinductive sensitivity外語學(xué)習(xí)者的生理和認(rèn)知因素： （P46-P52 ）cognitive style ：field dependence-2精選文庫

5、field independence外語學(xué)習(xí)者的情感因素： （P52-P55 ）motivation and attitude:Brown: global motivationsituational motivationtask motivationb. Gardner and Lambert:integrative motivationinstrumental motivationpersonality:extrovert vs. introvert對教學(xué)的啟示：strengthen students merits in different occasionschange students

6、of different personality to the contrary理想的外語學(xué)習(xí)者：（P55-P56 ）（二語習(xí)得 P122 ）group dynamicsuse the target languageattend to meaning rather than to formuse of study techniquesthe early stages of grammatical developmentanalytic skillsintegrative motivation/ task motivationh . take risks-3精選文庫adapt to differ

7、ent learning conditionsEA 的一般步驟：（ P62）（二語習(xí)得 P52 ）a corpus of language is seletedthe errors in the corpus are identifiedthe errors are classifiedthe errors are explainedthe errors are evaluatedEA 的作用：（P62 ）recognize which stages are students in/ how much contents are remainedevidence of how the learn

8、ers learn or aquire languagea means used to aquire language/ a means used to inspect the essenceof the language9.EA 的局限性：（P64-P65 ）its difficult to define and distinguish errorslack of a common standard to classify errorsits difficult to distinguish avoidence from errors中介語的特點(diǎn)：（P66 ）openflexiblesyst

9、ematic中介語構(gòu)建的手段：（P67 ）-4精選文庫language transferovergeneralization of target language rules. transfer of trainingtrategies of L2 learningstrategies of L2 communication成功的外語學(xué)習(xí)者所采用的五大策略： （P71 ）a. participatelanguagelearningpositivelybysearchingandultilizingfavourable learning environmentset language as a

10、system of formsset language as a tool to communicateaccept and deal with the affective needs during the learning processexpand and revise the foreign language system by inferencing and monitoring.學(xué)習(xí)者策略對外語教學(xué)的啟發(fā)： （ P83）guide students to make the best use of existing knowledgemake the best use of learn

11、ing strategies to improve language learning abilitieshelp learners use communicative strategies correctly第四章1. CLT的理論基礎(chǔ)：（P89-P90 ）theories of language communication: a system made up of basic units-5精選文庫fundamental function iscommunicationthe language structure reflect the function and communicative

12、 uasgethe basic units of language are showed in the communicative functionsofdiscoureseratherthanjustgrammaticalrulesandstructuralcharacteristicslearning theories:communicative principletask principlemeaningful principle語法編寫的原則：（P103 ）systematic principlecommunicative principlecontrastive principlec

13、ognitive principle詞匯教學(xué)的原則：（P108-P109 ）systematic principlecommunicative principlecultural principlecognitive principleaffeive principle影響聽力的重要因素：（ P111-P115 ）the characteristics of listening materials (speed/pause/hesitation)-6精選文庫b.thecharacteristics of the speakers (sex/authority of the speaker)c.

14、the characteristicsof the tasksd.thecharateristicsof the learnerse.thecharateristicsof the process外語閱讀和母語閱讀不同特點(diǎn)的比較： （P118-P119 ）a.thepositivetransferhas itslimits/language rulesand pragmaticprinciplethe shortcomings of the abilities and skills on mother-tongue reading influence the process of positi

15、ve transfer and the improvement of reading abilities in foreign languageaffective factors also influence the process of reading語言和文化的關(guān)系：（P128-P129 ）language is a part of culturelangauge is the carrier of cultureculture is the base of language文化導(dǎo)入的必要性和重要意義： （P130 ）cultural knowledge and accommodation

16、 ability are important parts of communicative competencecommunicative competence is the essential base and method to acquire further cultural languageadapt to the requirements of special positions文化導(dǎo)入的重要原則：（ P132-P133 ）-7精選文庫a. practical principleb. stage principlec. accommodation principle文化導(dǎo)入的主要方法

17、：（ P133-P134 ）annotationfusionpracticecomparisonspecifically explanation第五章課程設(shè)計的階段：（P136 ）fact-findingthe theory and practical evidence of course design and syllabus designmake the goals to plans, recognize the aims and contentsprepare the materials and compile the textbook教材編寫的原則：（P144 ）authentic p

18、rinciplegradual principleinteresting principlediverse principlemodern principlepractical principle-8合格的外語教師應(yīng)具備的素質(zhì)： （P151 ）solid professional knowledge and skillsabilities of classroom management and implementgood characters and delightful personalitiessystematic knowledge of modern languageconsidera

19、ble knowledge of foreign language acquknowledge of foreign language teaching精選文庫isition theories外語教學(xué)的實(shí)施的主要過程：（P155）needs analysiscurriculum designmaterial developmentclassroom instructioncourse evaluation傳統(tǒng)課堂教學(xué)模式（ PPP）的不足：（P156-157 ）teaching model is teacher-centredthe result of PPP model is exam-or

20、iented educationstudents havent received enough inputmislead students to a worry learning way課堂教學(xué)最基本目標(biāo)：（ P159-162 ）cultivate students interestsprovide authentic language inputhelp students use learning strategies which are benefit to foreign-9精選文庫language learninghelp students overcome the difficult

21、ies during the learning process外語測試的類型：（P167-170 ）測試目的：aptitude testachivement testdiagnostic testproficiency testexit test外語測試的類型：（P167-170 ）測試的方法和方式：direct testingindirect testing測試題型：a.discrete-point egrative testing外語測試的類型：（P167-170 ）考試成績判別的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：norm-referenced testingcriterion-referen

22、ced testing判卷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：a.subjective testingb.objective testing8. 效度 (test validity)：（P170 ）-10精選文庫whether the test can test what it meant to exactlycontent validitycriterion-related validityconstruct validityface validity9. 信度 (test reliability)：（P172 ）whether the result of the test are reliabletest itselfmarking of papers第六章外語教學(xué)法的主要流派： （P180-P206 ）The Oral Approach and the situational Language TeachingThe Audiolingual