綜合英語教程的課件

1、Unit 4 Dealing with AIDSI. Warming upPre-reading questionsBackground information AIDS, a very serious illness which spreads very fast today, had been one of the most horrible killers of human beings. AIDS is caused by HIV virus.AIDS：Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Now in the world there is no us

2、eful medicine that can cure AIDS, but it spreads only in limited ways. AIDS spread in three basic ways: first, through sexual intercourse; second, through contact with diseased blood; and third from an HIV mother to baby. And people who are intravenous drug users may infect HIV virus too. 1. What ki

3、nd of disease do you know AIDS is?We are here tonight to denounce (斥責）the discrimination they (people living with HIV/AIDS) face the fear and stigma（恥辱）, the shame and rejection, the threat of losing their jobs . For too long and in too many places, too many people have been pushed beyond the reach

4、of prevention and treatment, care and support . We must respond by shining the full light of human rights on the challenge . I call on all countries to dismantle legal frameworks that institutionalize discrimination against people living with HIV and people are at most risk of infection.” -Ban Ki-Mo

5、on（潘基文 ）People can do something in these ways: A program should be established to educate citizens about AIDS, letting people know what causes it and how it spreads, so that people can know it clearly and prevent it easily, instead of being afraid of it; Increase scientific technology to fight again

6、st AIDS; Make healthy and civilized social environment, so there will be less sexual intercourse actions, and less drug users.2. What People should do to solve the problem and prevent the spreading of AIDS ?II. Introduction to the text1. What is the theme of the text? Dealing with AIDS strengthens t

7、he bond of friendship and encourages emotional and mature growth.加深友誼，促進情感和身體的成熟2. What is the style of the text? Give your reasons.The style of the narrative is colloquial and simple because many simple words, colloquial expressions and concise sentences are used, which are easy and smooth to read.

8、 Colloquial words: about, cried, go, let, so, sure, things Simple or colloquial phrases: blew it off, living life up, feel so bad, had the disease, stuck it out, make it through, etc. III. Text LearningPart 1Lets listen to and readPart 1 of the text(Para.1)1. How to understand “Dealing with AIDS”?Me

9、ans “Taking action against AIDS.”to take action in order to achieve something or in order to solve a problem2. to be about or be on the subject of somethingHer new film deals with the relationship between a woman and her sick daughter.2. Dealing with AIDS strengthens the bondof friendship, encourage

10、s emotional andmature growth. (L1, Para.1) What does the first sentence of thepassage tell us?It points out the significance of dealing with AIDS. In other words, it conveys the theme of the narrative text, which is also the purpose of the writer.3. strengthen: make sth. stronger or more powerfulSte

11、el prices as demand continues moving up.We have ed our national economy and contained inflation.4. bond: a uniting force or ties, linkThe trade agreement strengthened the bonds between the two countries.5. mature: behaving in a sensible adult wayDerivations: immature a. ; maturity n.He is not mature

12、 enough to be given too much responsibility.In china, a person over 18 years old is considered mature.This job calls for a man with a great deal of maturity.That is silly, immature behavior.6. I was the most carefree living life up.I didnt have any worries.I didnt have any mental suffering.I didnt h

13、ave to take any responsibilities.What I was doing was to enjoy life to my hearts content.7. n. + -free: without the quality of the nounPeople in this area can only enjoy a three- month ice-free period during the summer.The government offers rent-free apartments to elderly people.Nothing is post-free

14、 in China.Goods are cheaper in a duty-free shop.Guilin is pollution-free.8. invincible: incapable of being overcome or defeated as a result of great strength or skill; unconquerable.There is no army in the world that is invincible.The forces for peace, justice and progress are invincible after all.I

15、t is actually part of the preceding sentence. The author separates them to accentuate (強調(diào)) the two parts of the sentence.9. That is, until the word AIDS came intomy life. (L4, Para.1)This is a Sentence fragment. Why ? Part 2Lets listen to and readPart 2 of the text(Para.2- 4)1.We were in different c

16、lasses, so wedidnt hang out as much. (L.2, Para.2) so we did not spend a lot of timetogether as we had done before we gotto high school.我們分在不同的班級，所以就不能常常在一起玩。2. there were more friends where hecame from. (L.3, Para.2)More example of adverbial clause of place: Wuhan lies where the Yangtze and the Han

17、 river meet. Wherever I am I will be thinking of you. Make a mark where you have any questions. Wherever we go, we must build up good relationship with people.Suffering terribly from AIDS, David knewthat he was dying. If he had talked to the author on the phone, he would have broken down in tears, o

18、r at least he would have revealed his sadness about his illness.3. So I called him and he hung up on me.(L.5, Para.2)So I phoned him, but he refused to talk tome on the phone by replacing the receiver.Why ?Compare:hang out: spend time somewhere in a casual or relaxed wayhang about: to move aimlessly

19、hang up: end a telephone call by putting the receiver back, often abruptly（粗魯?shù)兀﹉ang on: continue a telephone call4. I had heard about AIDS, but that it was a homosexual disease and it didnt affect young people? (L.9, Para.2)Why did the author think that suffering from AIDS was the result of homosexu

20、al behaviour?Because the outbreak of AIDS in the early 1980s was one of the greatest challenges to face the homosexual community. In the United States, the disease first became prevalent among homosexuals and spread with devastating（毀滅性的） effect.affect: to have an influence onInflation affects the b

21、uying power of the dollar.Smoking affects health.Synonyms:the influence of the music 音樂的影響a speech that lacked impact 毫無影響力的演說to have effect on the trade balance 對商業(yè)均衡有影響5. When I got home things started to make sense. (L.1, Para.3) When I came back home, I began to understand things. Or: I began to

22、 realize the situation.make sense: have a clear meaning; be sensibleThe sentence does not make sense.It doesnt make sense to buy that very expensive leather coat when these cheaper ones are just as good.6. now had to pay with his life. ( L.5, Para.3)David had had sex with a girl once. As no protecti

23、ve measures were taken, he contracted AIDS and had been suffering from it in his whole life. 7. How did other people react to Davids illness when it was made known?Other people looked at David as if he had a plague, and the writers and Davids friends from school wanted nothing to do with David. Soon

24、 after that they even wanted nothing to do with the writer, who stayed with David.8. What attitude did the writer adopt towards David?He adopted a friendly attitude towards David. He realized that their friendship means everything to him. He couldnt turn his back on David when he needed him the most

25、. So he stuck it out and lost most of his other friends.Despite the fact that I might catch thedisease and lose most of my fiends, Ishowed a strong will, maintained closecontact with David, and lent him helpwhenever necessary.stuck it out:他不喜歡這個工作，但是他還得堅持做，因為他需要錢。He dislikes the job, but hes determi

26、ned to stick it out because he needs money.9. So how could I blame them since I would have done the same thing? (L13, Para. 4)I could not find fault with them, because I would have done the same thing if David and I had not been the best of friends.blame: to consider sb. responsible for sth wrongHe

27、had only himself to blame for not taking better care of the child.Who is to blame for starting the fire？Blame for sth, /on sb.10. Translation:When things had gone wrong before had to handle it all on my own. 在這之前，若事情出了差錯，我總是可以向父母求助，使事情轉(zhuǎn)危為安。這一次他們也無能為力，我不得不自己來處理應對一切。There was no use in hiding it; soon

28、er or later people wound find out. 隱瞞病情沒有用，人們遲早會發(fā)現(xiàn)真相的。Also, I could not turn my back on him when he needed me the most. 而且，在他最需要我的時候我不能不管他。Lets listen to and read Part 3 of the text ( Paras.5 - 7）Part 3The country has gone through too many wars. 這個國家經(jīng)歷了太多的戰(zhàn)爭。How can she keep smiling after what shes

29、gone through? 她在經(jīng)歷了這一切之后怎么還能保持滿臉笑容？1. go throughto experience a difficult or unpleasant situation2. I must keep a positive attitude for his sake. (L.6, Para.5)In order to improve Davids health, I must maintain an active and cheerful attitude, showing a firm belief that he would be able to conquer hi

30、s disease為了他我必須保持積極的態(tài)度，因為態(tài)度決定一切。所以在壓力下我必須將所有的事打點好。for ones sake / for the sake of：in order to help or bring advantage to someoneDont trouble yourself for my sake. 請不必為我麻煩。Please do it, for Davids sake.Their parents only stayed together for the sake of the children.3. do sb. Good: to benefit sb.運動對你會

31、有好處的. Exercise will do you good. 多吃水果，這對你有好處。 Eat more fruit it will do you good. 休假一周對你有很多益處。A weeks vacation will do you a lot of good. 4. keep sth. into conceal or hide an emotion; to restrain sth.He could scarcely keep his indignation in. 他憤怒得難以自持。Hearing the news that she had been admitted by t

32、he university, she could hardly keep her excitement in.5. Stuff from oceanShellconchstarfish6. maintain vt.maintain the balance of nature.人類采用一切手段保持生態(tài)平衡。maintains his car very well. 弗蘭克把自己的車子保養(yǎng)得很好。Mr. Smith maintains his son at college. 史密斯先生供養(yǎng)念大學的兒子。He maintains that he once saw a UFO. 他堅持稱自己見過飛碟。7

33、. make it through (a period) : get / live through (a difficult period), Here are some tips to help you make it through the first days at a new job. Part 4Lets listen to and readPart 4 of the text(Para.8 )1. How did the writer feel about his friends death?The writer had mixed feelings. Hisfriends dea

34、th was a comfort all in itsown. In a way he was glad that it wasover, for David was no longer in pain.But all the emotions that the writer had held in came rushing out as he realizedthat he would never see David again.2.in a way: in a sense ; to certain degree; to some extent在某種程度上，你犯那個錯誤我倒感到高興，因為它可

35、以對你敲響警鐘。In a way, I am glad that you made that mistake, for it will serve you as a warning.in no way: not at all, not in the leastin the way: being an obstacleCf.3. In a way I was glad that it was over, for he was no longer in pain. All the emotions that I had held in came rushing out as I realized

36、that I would never see David again.在某種意義上，我很高興一切結(jié)束了，因為他不再痛苦了。當我意識到再也見不到大衛(wèi)時，壓抑了很久的情感一下子都爆發(fā)了出來。IV. Structure of the Text Part 1: Paragraph 1 Part 2: Paragraphs 2- 4 Part 3: Paragraphs 5-7 Part 4: Paragraph 8Main Idea of Part 1 In this part, the author asserts (表明）the beneficial result from dealing wit

37、h AIDS, and makes clear the exact date when the word AIDS came into his life. Besides, the writer tells us that he had been the most carefree boy in the world until AIDS became known to him.Main Idea of Part 2 This part describes how the writer got to know that his friend, David, was suffering from

38、AIDS and how the writer felt about his friends fatal disease.Main Idea of Part 3 In this part the author tells that he kept an active and positive attitude for the sake of his friend David and showed great concern for him.Main Idea of Part 4 This concluding part points out thespecific date that mark

39、ed the end ofDavids life, describes the writersemotions towards Davids death, andinforms us how the writer keeps hisfriends memory alive.Text comprehensionI.1. live life up = to have a very enjoyable and exciting time 積極向上地生活目睹那場悲劇之后，我決定要積極的生活。 I was determined to live life up after witnessing the t

40、ragedy. Vocabulary3. turn ones back on = to go away from or refuse to be with 拒絕幫助5. go through so much = to experience so much pain and stress 經(jīng)歷辛苦v.Synonyms:tighten, intensify, enhanceAntonyms:unhappy, wretched, miserable, cheerlessquickly, rapidly, swiftlySynonyms:negative, doubtful, pessimistic,

41、 uncertainAntonyms:benefit, profit, advantageSynonyms: gain, increase, gatherAntonyms:Antonyms:Synonyms:cautious, alert, watchfulbeginning, start, commencementVI.favour (n.)好意，喜好，偏愛，特權(quán)favorite (adj.) 流行的，喜愛的favorable (adj.)有利的，贊許的，良好的，順利的，偏袒的unfavorable (adj.) 不宜的，不理想的unfavorite (adj.) 最不喜愛的，最討厭的org

42、anise (v.) 組織，有機化，安排organism (n.) 生物體，有機體organisation (n.) 組織，團體，有機體organisational (adj.) 組織的，編制的organiser (n.) 組織者worth (n.) worthy (adj.) worthiness (n.) worthful (adj.)worthwhile (adj.) worthless (adj.)unworthy (adj.) unworthiness (n.)價值，財富有價值的，可尊敬的，值得的，配得上的值得，相當，有價值有價值的，寶貴的值得（做）的無價值的，無用的，可鄙的無價值的

43、，沒有優(yōu)點的不值得，無價值perfect (adj.) (v.)perfection (n.) perfectness (n.) imperfect (adj.) imperfection (n.) imperfectness (n.) 完美的，完全的，十足的; 改進，美化完美，完善完全，精通，分毫不差不完美的，有缺點的，未完成的不完全，不完備，缺點 不完美，不完備strong (adj.) 強壯的，強烈的，堅強的，濃的strength (n.) 力氣，力量，長處，強度strengthen (v.) 加強，變堅固 strengthless (n.) 無力量的shame (n. v.) 羞愧，恥

44、辱shameful (adj.) 可恥的shameless (adj.) 無恥的shamefulness (n.) 可恥，不名譽7. grateful (adj.) 感激的，感謝的 gratitude (n.) 感恩之心 gratify (v.) 使?jié)M足，使高興 gratification (n.) 滿足，喜悅8. young (adj.) 年輕的，沒有經(jīng)驗的，初期 youth (n.)年輕，初期，青春 youthful (adj.) 年輕的，有青春活力的 youngster (n.) 年輕人，少年，小伙子，兒童 youthhood (n.)青春期，少壯期 youthy (adj.) 年輕的，

45、少壯的GrammarFocus of the unit: Any, each, all, every Countable and uncountable nouns prepositions1. It is an attempt made to strengthen our competitive ability.2. The police in this district know where the thieves usually hang out. Translation我可不想總是和這群人混在一起。I dont always want to hang out with the group.Where have you been hanging out these days?你這些日子里都在什么地方？3. The agreement signed will break down all the barriers to free trade.有什么能保證它不會輕易出故障？