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1、 there be 句型和 have has 用法及練習(xí)There be 句型的基本用法:一、 There be 句型的基本用法是表示“某地(或某時(shí) )存在有某人(或某物 ) ,而并非某地(某人、某物或某時(shí))擁有什么東西”,其形式為“There be+代詞或名詞(短語(yǔ))+地點(diǎn)/時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)”。(其實(shí)質(zhì)句式為倒裝句 )這里 there 是引導(dǎo)詞, 沒(méi)有詞義, be 是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞, 代詞或名詞(短語(yǔ))是主語(yǔ)。be要與主語(yǔ)保持人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的一致即主謂一致采用就近原則。否定句是在be后加not; 一般疑問(wèn)句是將be放在句首;反意疑問(wèn)句中 的簡(jiǎn)短問(wèn)句是由“ be(或其否定式)+ there ”構(gòu)成。例如:is a

2、 desk and two chairs in the room.arent two chairs and a desk in the room.there anything wrong with your ears(Yes , there is/No , thereisnt.)wasnt a meeting yesterday , was there練習(xí)如:、 (1)There is on the floor.(2)There are on the floor. 選項(xiàng):、 (1)There _ an apple and three oranges on the table.2)_ there

3、 three oranges and an apple on the table 選項(xiàng):二、主語(yǔ)后的動(dòng)詞形式:在there be 句型中,主語(yǔ)與動(dòng)詞是主動(dòng)關(guān)系時(shí)用現(xiàn)在分詞;是被動(dòng)關(guān)系時(shí)用過(guò)去分詞。如:、 There is a purse lying on the ground.地上有一個(gè)錢(qián)包、 There are five minutes left now. 現(xiàn)在還有 5 分鐘。三、 There be 與 have 所表示的意義: There be 句型表示“存在”關(guān)系, have 表示“所屬”關(guān)系,兩者不能混合在一個(gè)句子中。例如:(1)There will have a class meet

4、ing tomorrow.(x)(2)There is going to/will be a class meeting tomorrow.( V)有時(shí)候既表示“存在”又表示“所屬”時(shí),兩種都可以用。例如:1)、Class Three have a map of China on the wall.2)、There is a map of China on the wall in Class Three四、 There be 句型常用的時(shí)態(tài)形式: there will be;there is/are;there was/were;there has/have been;there had be

5、enthere be 后接不定式時(shí)常用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。 如: There is a lot of work to do.注意:當(dāng)該句型主語(yǔ)是something, anything, nothing 等不定代詞時(shí),后面的不定式用主動(dòng)形式或被動(dòng)形式,意義各不同。如:沒(méi)有事可做。1 、 There is nothing to do.沒(méi)有辦法 ( 束手無(wú)策 )2 、 There is nothing to be done.There be 句型與不定式結(jié)構(gòu)連用,如: be about to (就要),be certain to ( 一定會(huì) ), be going to ( 將要 ),be lik

6、ely to ( 可能 ), be to ( 要 ), have to ( 必須 ), used to ( 過(guò)去常 ), appear/seem( 似乎), happen to (恰好 ) 等。例如:There used to be a grocery store on the corner.There is certain to be something wrong with the engine.There appears to have been a dangerous accident.There be 句型中的替換詞有: come (來(lái)), develop (產(chǎn)生),exist (存

7、在 ), fall(落下 ), follow ( 跟隨 ), happen ( 發(fā)生 ), lie ( 躺著), live (住著 ), occur ( 發(fā)生 ), remain (還有 ), rise ( 升起 ),stand ( 站著 ) 等不及物動(dòng)詞表事實(shí)存在。這些動(dòng)詞可以有時(shí)態(tài)變化。例如:There fell a deep silence. 突然一片寂靜。There remains one more test to be carried out before putting the instrument into operation. 在使用這一設(shè)備之前要完成 一項(xiàng)試驗(yàn)。Not lon

8、g after this, there occurred a sudden revolution in public taste. 此后不久,公眾的情趣發(fā)生了突然的變化。There stands at the center of the square the Monument tothe People s Heroes. 在廣場(chǎng)的中央矗立著人民英雄紀(jì)念碑。There be 句型有不定式(there to be) 、現(xiàn)在分詞和動(dòng)名詞形 式(there being),在句中用作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)等。例如:There being a bus stop so near the house is a

9、 great advantage.I don t want there to be any misunderstanding.No one would have dreamt of there being such a fine place.There being no bus, we had to walk home.、 For there to be a mistake in a computers arithmetic is impossible. 計(jì)算機(jī)計(jì)算錯(cuò)誤是不可能的。、 It was seldom for there to be no late comers.新來(lái)者很少?zèng)]有遲到的

10、。there be 構(gòu)成的固定句型:、 There is ( no) difficulty /trouble in doing sth./There are problems in doing sth. 干某事 ( 沒(méi) ) 有困難。、 There is not a moment to lose. 一刻也不能耽誤。、 There is no point in v-ing :干某事沒(méi)道理,沒(méi)意義, 沒(méi)必、 There is no sense inv-ing :毫無(wú)道理、 There is no need to+ v:沒(méi)有必要、 There is no v-ing (常用動(dòng)詞為saying/tell

11、ing/knowing/denying 等):不可能,無(wú)法。 (意思相當(dāng)于It is impossible to+v )、 There is no doubt that 毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)、 There is nobody but do sth 沒(méi)有人不。例如 :、 There is no trouble in hiding that fact from him 對(duì)他 隱瞞那個(gè)事實(shí)沒(méi)什么困難。、 There is no point in arguing further 再爭(zhēng)下去也沒(méi)用。、 Is there any point in going on 有必要再繼續(xù)下去嗎、 There was no nee

12、d for him to remain in Shanghai 他沒(méi)有 必要再留在上海。、 There was no sense in making a child suffer like that 讓 一個(gè)孩子受那樣的苦是毫無(wú)道理的。、 There was no mistaking his intentions this time 這回不 可能看錯(cuò)他的意圖。、 Oncelet this fellow start talking , there was no stopping him. 一旦讓這個(gè)家伙談起來(lái),就無(wú)法讓他停下來(lái)了。、 There is no doubt that I can pa

13、ss the exam. 毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)我能 通過(guò)這次考試。、 There is none of us but want to enter a good college.我們中沒(méi)有哪一個(gè)不想考入一所好大學(xué)。、 There is no denying that the earth goes around the sun.不可否認(rèn)地球是繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)的。11 、 There is no telling when he will be back.無(wú)法知道他什么時(shí)候回來(lái)。無(wú)法知道他在做什、 There is no knowing what he is doing.There be 句型與 have, has 的

14、區(qū)別、 There be 句型表示:在某地有某物(或人)、在there be 句型中,主語(yǔ)是單數(shù), be 動(dòng)詞用 is ; 主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù), be 動(dòng)詞用 are ;如有幾件物品, be 動(dòng)詞根據(jù)最*近 be 動(dòng)詞的那個(gè)名詞決定。、 there be 句型的否定句在be 動(dòng)詞后加 not , 一般疑問(wèn)句把be 動(dòng)詞調(diào)到句首。、 there be 句型與 have(has) 的區(qū)別:there be 表示在某地有某物(或人); have(has) 表示某人擁有 某物。、 some 和 any 在 there be 句型中的運(yùn)用:some 用于肯定句, any 用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句。、 and 和 or

15、 在 there be 句型中的運(yùn)用:and 用于肯定句, or 用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句。7、針對(duì)數(shù)量提問(wèn)的特殊疑問(wèn)句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是:How many + 名詞復(fù)數(shù) + are there + 介詞短語(yǔ) How much + 不可 數(shù)名詞 + is there + 介詞短語(yǔ)8 、針對(duì)主語(yǔ)提問(wèn)的特殊疑問(wèn)句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是:What s + 介詞短語(yǔ)請(qǐng)?zhí)钊?have/has/there is/there are (本項(xiàng)積分20,每題 1 分)Ia good father and a good mother.a telescope on the desk.Hea tape-recorder.a basketb

16、all in the playground.Shesome dresses.Theya nice garden.What do youa reading-room in the buildingWhat does Mikeany books in the bookcaseMy fathera story-book.a story-book on the table.any flowers in the vaseHow many studentsin the classroomMy parentssome nice pictures.some maps on the wall.a map of

17、the world on the wall.Davida telescope.David s friendssome tents.many children on the hill.there be 句型注意事項(xiàng):There be 句型的基本用法是表示“某地(或某時(shí) )存在有某人(或某物) ,而并非某地(某人、 某物或某時(shí))擁有什么東西”, 其形式為“ Therebe+代詞或名詞(短語(yǔ))+地點(diǎn)/時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)”。(其實(shí)質(zhì)句式為倒裝句)這 里 there 是引導(dǎo)詞, 沒(méi)有詞義, be 是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞, 代詞或名詞( 短語(yǔ) ) 是主語(yǔ)。be要與主語(yǔ)保持人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的一致。否定句是在be后加not; 一般疑問(wèn)句是

18、將be放在句首;注意疑問(wèn)句中的簡(jiǎn)短問(wèn)句是由“ be(或其否定 式) there ”構(gòu)成。例如:is a desk and two chairs in the room.( 緊挨著 be 動(dòng)詞的主語(yǔ)是 a desk ,是單數(shù),故be 的形式要用is)arent two chairs and a desk in the room.( 否定句 )there anything wrong with your ears(Yes , there is/No there isnt.)wasnt a meeting yesterday , was there( 反意疑問(wèn)句 )除此之外,還有一個(gè)重要句式“有某人

19、在做某事”,要用“There be sb. doing sth. 地點(diǎn) / 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)”。例如:There are several children swimming in the river.河里有幾個(gè)孩子在游泳。不難看出,各種時(shí)態(tài)的變化是通過(guò)be 動(dòng)詞的變化來(lái)體現(xiàn)的。我們?cè)谑褂眠^(guò)程中,首要的問(wèn)題是弄清楚There be 與 have 所表示的意義。 There be 句型表示“存在”關(guān)系, have 表示“所屬”關(guān)系,兩者不能混合在一個(gè)句子中。例如:我們要說(shuō)“明天有一個(gè)班會(huì)?!?1)There will have a class meeting tomorrow.( x)(2)There i

20、s going to/will be a class meetingtomorrow.( V)有時(shí)候既表示“存在”又表示“所屬”時(shí),兩種都可以用。例如: Class Three have a map of China on the wall.( 地圖為三班學(xué)生所有。 )There is a map of China on the wall in Class Three.(地圖存在于三班。 )由此看來(lái), There will have 是錯(cuò)誤的搭配方式。使用 There be 句型時(shí)除了掌握基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)外,還應(yīng)注意以下問(wèn)題:be 句型的考查更多的是將be 動(dòng)詞與主語(yǔ)結(jié)合在一起進(jìn)行的,即主謂的一致性。

21、例如: (1)There is on the floor.(2)There are on the floor.選項(xiàng):解析: (1) 由 is 可知主語(yǔ)應(yīng)是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞, 而A、D項(xiàng)中都缺少冠詞a,故選B,同理可知(2)應(yīng)選C。如果作主語(yǔ)的是一個(gè)短語(yǔ), 則常??疾槎陶Z(yǔ)中的修飾語(yǔ)。 可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式前可以用any, som few, a few, many或用數(shù)詞+hundred/thousand/million , hundreds/thousands/millions of , no等修飾;不可數(shù)名詞可以受 any , some, no, little , a little ,

22、much 等詞的修飾。例如:(1)There werestudents in our school.hundredhundreds of(2)There is neednt get some more.解析: (1) 由數(shù)詞與名詞的搭配關(guān)系可知選B, (2) 由 water 可知排除 A 項(xiàng),再由后一句意思便知選C。注意不定代詞的用法。不定代詞在句中作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式。例如:There is nothing in the fridge.(2) 不定代詞受形容詞修飾時(shí)要放在形容詞前面。例如: There is something interesting in todaysnewspap

23、er.be 句型的反意疑問(wèn)句,要注意陳述部分的形式。如果陳述部分含有l(wèi)ittle , few , no, nobody, none 等否定詞時(shí),后面的簡(jiǎn)短問(wèn)句中要用肯定形式。例如: There is nobody in theroom, is there但有的含有否定意義的形容詞修飾不定代詞時(shí)則仍看做肯定句式。例如: There is something unusual in the room , isnt there5. 要注意句子前后意思的一致性。有的句子單獨(dú)看其意義時(shí), 可能不止一個(gè)選項(xiàng)適合于它, 但如果聯(lián)系上下句的意思則只能有一個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)倪x項(xiàng)。例如: (1)There is neednt

24、 buy any.There is have to buy some.從這兩題中的第一個(gè)句子來(lái)看均可選用some和no,但與后面的句意結(jié)合看,答案則是唯一的: (1)B ; (2)C 。be 句型還有就近一致原則:即 be 動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)與離它最近的一個(gè)主語(yǔ)保持一致。例如:用be動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空(1)There _ an apple and three oranges on the table.(2)_ there three oranges and an apple on the table解析: (1) 因?yàn)樵摼渲?an apple 才是與 be 動(dòng)詞接近的主語(yǔ),而并非 an apple and three oranges 是句子的主語(yǔ),故而 (1) 的答案應(yīng) 為 is 。因?yàn)樵摼渲?three oranges 才是與 be 動(dòng)

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