2023初高英語銜接講義第08講-謂語動(dòng)詞十種必考時(shí)態(tài)（學(xué)生版+解析版）

1、第08講 謂語動(dòng)詞十種必考時(shí)態(tài)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)是表示行為、動(dòng)作和狀態(tài)在各種時(shí)間條件下的動(dòng)詞形式。英語中有16種時(shí)態(tài)。高考必考時(shí)態(tài)有十種: 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過去時(shí)、一般將來時(shí)，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)、過去將來時(shí)、將來進(jìn)行時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成 時(shí)、過去完成時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。英語時(shí)態(tài)一般時(shí) 進(jìn)行時(shí) 完成時(shí)完成進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在do/ doesam/ is/ arehave/ hashave/ has beendoingdonedoing過去didwas/ weehad donehad been doingdoing將來shall/ willshall/ will beshall/ w川 haveshall/ wil

2、l havedodoingdonebeen doing過去將來should/should/ wouldshould/ wouldshould/ wouldwould do be doing have done have been doing(-)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)構(gòu)成：do/does.通常表示現(xiàn)階段經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作、存在狀態(tài)或經(jīng)常的習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。常與。ften, usually, always, sometimes, today, every five minutes, on Sundays 等時(shí)間狀語連用。She is always ready to help others.她總是樂于助人。The o

3、ld man goes to park every morning,這位老人每天早上者B去公園。.表示永恒的真理以及客觀事實(shí)。The earth goes round the sun.地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。.表示按規(guī)定或計(jì)劃要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。The train starts at seven in the morning. 火車早上七點(diǎn)出發(fā)。.主將從現(xiàn)：主句中使用一般將來時(shí)，在時(shí)間和條件狀語從句中代替一般將來時(shí)。Fil go with you, if you are free tomorrow.如果你明天有空，我就會(huì)和你一起去。(-)一般過去時(shí)構(gòu)成：did.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成記憶不清；.不能準(zhǔn)確區(qū)分現(xiàn)

4、在完成進(jìn)行和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的區(qū)別；.時(shí)態(tài)搭配上出現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤?！疽呻y辨析】現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的辨析：(1)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)可以表示動(dòng)作的重復(fù)，而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)一般不表示重復(fù)性Have you been meeting him recently?你最近常和他見面嗎？Have you met him recently?你最近見到過他嗎？(2)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)有時(shí)含有感情色彩，而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)一般是平鋪直敘I have been waiting for you for two hours.我一直等了你兩個(gè)小時(shí)。(可能表示不滿)I have waited for you for two hours.我等了你兩個(gè)小時(shí)

5、。(說明一個(gè)事實(shí))(3)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作，而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果Who has been eating the oranges?誰一直在吃這些桔子呀？(還剩余一些)Who has eaten the oranges?誰把桔子吃光了？(強(qiáng)調(diào)吃得一個(gè)不剩)檢測訓(xùn)練基礎(chǔ)過關(guān)用單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成句子He(watch) TV when someone knocked at the door.Its said that Samuel the first permanent(settle) in present Canada.They(settle) in Shanghai last year.The

6、competition was so close that no one was sure that who(win) the Best Actor award. He(behave) as if nothing had happened.My sister, as well as her classmates who(be) late for class,(punish) by Mr. Hunt this morning.She(face) difficulties before, and she knew that her young players could win if they w

7、orked together as a team.In the past 10 years, frequent natural disasters such as floods and earthquakes(destroy) countlesshomes.This is the first time that I(visit) Shanghai.It has been fifteen years since we last(meet )each other.This is the most interesting movie we(watch).Some citizens of this a

8、rea supported the idea of rebuilding the park, but others(argue) that the noise may cause trouble.What(strike) me in the movie Changjinhu most was the soldiers strong will and determination.Thanksgiving which Children all over the USA are looking forward to(be) a traditional American holiday.It is t

9、he third time you(ask) me such a silly question.I found the lecture hard to follow because it(start) when I arrived.How many of you(come) to the party tonight?The students of our class(visit) the museum now.If I see him, I(give) him your message.It was only after he went abroad he realized the impor

10、tance of English.They didnt finish the project on time; I (后悔)that I hadnt given them a hand.We(move) to the new house the day after tomorrow.About 9,000 African elephants(appear) in the 1990s. Theyre in great danger.Lily(leave)tonight. we had better send her off. They will come if he(invite)them.能力

11、提升Text 1(2020,湖南.寧鄉(xiāng)一中高一開學(xué)考試)閱讀下面短文，在空格處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式 填空.The history of the English language really started with the arrival of two Germanic tribes in the fifth century “the Angles and the Saxons, which is 1 Old English is also called Anglo-Saxon. Since then, the English language 2 (develop) by

12、 absorbing different languages. At the end of the 9th century, the Vikings, people from Northern European countries, moved to Britain. 3 language was taken in by Old English. Later in 1066, England 4 (conquer) by the Normans, from France, who brought with them their own languageNorman French. As a r

13、esult. Old English, 5 (pick) up lots of vocabulary from French, evolved into Middle English. But it was not until 1399, when Henry IV became King of England, 6 English was used for all official events as his mother tongue was English. During the Renaissance in the 16th century. Modem English appeare

14、d, including many Latin and Greek words as well. In recent times, more cultures and languages, such as India and China, have made their 7 (contribute) to the grammar and vocabulary of English. Since the most accepted sources of reference 8 (be) the famous English dictionaries 一 Websters and the Oxfo

15、rd English Dictionary, English learners are advised to consult them if confused. Todays English is different from the English of 100 years ago; it is pronounced 9 (different) too and no doubt, it will be even more different 10 100 years，time.Text 2(2021 山西晉城高一開學(xué)考試)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。The

16、re 11 (be) no lights in sight but the night sky glowed (發(fā)出)a dusky yellow, because the Amazon was burning. The yellow flames engulfed (吞噬)trees 12 lit up the sky. During the day, the sunshine was blocked 13 thick smoke. So far, the fire 14 (put) out.The government has recorded 72, 843 fires. The fir

17、e is just one of 15 (they) in the Amazon, the worlds 16 (large) rainforest and a fighter against climate change. According to Brazils space research agency INPE, the wildfire has decreased by 17 percent so far this year compared to the same period in 2018.Environmental 17 (group)said the policies of

18、 the government encouraged deforestation (采伐森林) of the Amazon. 18 led to more fires. But the government posted a report and wanted 19 (argue) against that. The government claimed that non-governmental organizations 20 (angry) set fire to the forest after it cut their funding.真題初體驗(yàn)(2020浙江卷7月)閱讀下面材料，在

19、空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Some time after 10, 000 BC, people made the first real attempt to control the world they lived 56,through agriculture. Over thousands of years, they began to depend less on 57 could be hunted or gathered from the wild, and more on animals they had raised and crops they ha

20、d sown.Farming produced more food per person 58 hunting and gathering, so people were able to raise morechildren And, as more children were born, more food 59 (need). Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology 60 (change)lives.By about 6000 BC, people 61 (discover)the

21、best crops to grow and animals to raise. Later, they learned to work with the 62 (season), planting at the right time and, in dry areas, 63 (make)use of annual floods to irrigate(灌溉)their fields.This style of farming lasted for quite a long time. Then, with 64 rise of science, changes began. New met

22、hods 65(mean)that fewer people worked in farming. In the last century or so, these changes haveaccelerated. New power machinery and artificial fertilizers(化月R)have now totally transformed a way of life that started in the Stone Age.(2020新高考I卷)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Many people have the hobb

23、y of collecting things, e.g. stamps, postcards or antiques. In the 18th and 19th centuries, 36 (wealth) people travelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of art. They kept their collection at home until it got too big 37 until they died, and then it was given to a museum. The 80,00

24、0 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, 38 (form) the core collection of the British Museum 39 opened in 1759.The parts of a museum open to the public 40 (call) galleries or rooms. Often, only a small part of a museums collection 41 (be) on display. Most of it is stored away or used for

25、 research.Many museums are lively places and they attract a lot of visitors. As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模擬)and imagine 42 (they) living at a different time in history or43 (walk)through a rainforest. At the Jorvik Centre in York, the citys Viking set

26、tlement is recreated, and people experience the sights, sounds and smells of the old town. Historical 44 (accurate) is important but so is entertainment. Museums must compete 45 peoples spare time and money with other amusements. Most museums also welcome school groups and arrange special activities

27、 for children.第08講 謂語動(dòng)詞十種必考時(shí)態(tài)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)是表示行為、動(dòng)作和狀態(tài)在各種時(shí)間條件下的動(dòng)詞形式。英語中有16種時(shí)態(tài)。高考必考時(shí)態(tài)有十種: 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過去時(shí)、一般將來時(shí)，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)、過去將來時(shí)、將來進(jìn)行時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成 時(shí)、過去完成時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。英語時(shí)態(tài)一般時(shí) 進(jìn)行時(shí) 完成時(shí)完成進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在do/ doesam/ is/ arehave/ hashave/ has beendoingdonedoing過去didwas/ werehad donehad been doingdoing將來shall/ willshall/ will beshall/ w川

28、 haveshall/ will havedodoingdonebeen doing過去將來should/should/ wouldshould/ wouldshould/ wouldwould do be doing have done have been doing(-)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)構(gòu)成：do/does.通常表示現(xiàn)階段經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作、存在狀態(tài)或經(jīng)常的習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。常與。ften, usually, always, sometimes, today, every five minutes, on Sundays 等時(shí)間狀語連用。She is always ready to help other

29、s.她總是樂于助人。The old man goes to park every morning,這位老人每天早上者B去公園。.表示永恒的真理以及客觀事實(shí)。The earth goes round the sun.地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。.表示按規(guī)定或計(jì)劃要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。The train starts at seven in the morning. 火車早上七點(diǎn)出發(fā)。.主將從現(xiàn)：主句中使用一般將來時(shí)，在時(shí)間和條件狀語從句中代替一般將來時(shí)。Fil go with you, if you are free tomorrow.如果你明天有空，我就會(huì)和你一起去。(-)一般過去時(shí)構(gòu)成：did動(dòng)詞過去式變化規(guī)那

30、么：1 一般在動(dòng)詞末尾加-ed:clean-cleaned, cook-cooked, look-looked以 e 結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞加 d:livelived, move-moved， change-changed末尾只有一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加 -ed:stopstopped,shopshopped以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的，變y為i,再加-ed:study-studied, carry-carried?？疾灰?guī)那么動(dòng)詞過去式： am/iswas,arewere,become-became,buybought,bringbrought,breakbroke,

31、 comecame,catchcaught,dodid, drinkdrank, drive-drove, eatate, findfound flyflew,fightfought, getgot, gowent, givegave, havehad, hurthurt,keepkept,makemade, meetmet, mean-meant, riderode, runran, see-saw, sleepslept, singsang, swimswam .一般過去時(shí)表示過去某一時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或情況。常與表示過去的時(shí)間狀語ago, yesterday , last week, in

32、the old days ,when I was five years old, in 1995, the other day 等連用。I met him yesterday.昨天我遇見了 他。They began to work two months ago.兩個(gè)月前他們開始工作。一般過去時(shí)多和表示過去了的時(shí)間狀語連用。但是有時(shí)候句子并沒有過去的時(shí)間狀語，這時(shí)就要通過語 境、說話人的口氣來判斷。He wrote a novel.他寫了一部小說。I didnt expect you were waiting for us.我沒預(yù)料到你正在等我們。used to do sth.意為“過去常常做某

33、事”,暗含“現(xiàn)在不做了”之意。be used to do sth.意為“被用于做某事”, 不定式表示目的，可用于多種時(shí)態(tài)。be used to doing sth.習(xí)慣做某事。He used to get up early .過去他總是早起。（現(xiàn)在不這樣了）He will be used to getting up early .他將會(huì)習(xí)慣早起。Wood is used to make paper.木材被用來造紙。（三）一般將來時(shí)一般將來時(shí)（1）構(gòu)成：will/ shall+動(dòng)詞原形（Dis/am/are going to+動(dòng)詞原形is/am/are about to+動(dòng)詞原形is/am/ar

34、e to+動(dòng)詞原形is/am/are due to+動(dòng)詞原形某些動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)形式(2)用法: will表示將來的習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)；Spring will come again. 春天還會(huì)再來。He will be here in an hour,他一個(gè)小時(shí)后到這里。表示將來發(fā)生的一次性動(dòng)作；If you don*t hurry, you will miss the train.如果你不快點(diǎn)兒，你就會(huì)趕不上火車。表示事物的固有屬性或必然趨勢；Fish will die without water.離開水,魚就會(huì)死。表示偶然的、臨時(shí)的決定。 Do you know Mr. Smit

35、h has come to our town? No. I will go and visit him right now.你知道史密斯先生來我們鎮(zhèn)了嗎？一不知道。我馬上就去看他。be going to用在口語中，表示“計(jì)劃、打算要做某事 此外，be going to還可表示根據(jù)現(xiàn)在的跡象對未來進(jìn)行推斷。He is going to speak on TV this evening.他今晚要在電視上演講。Look at the dark clouds. It is going to rain.看這些烏云，要下雨了。(3)be about to/be on the point of +動(dòng)名詞表示

36、“立即的將來(immediate future) ”，這兩種結(jié)構(gòu)不與表示將來的具體時(shí)間狀語連用，但可以和并列連詞 when (=and at this/that time)弓出的分句連用The train is about to start.火車就要開了。Im not about to stop when Pm so close to success.在這樣接近成功時(shí)，我不打算就此罷手。be to表示“按計(jì)劃或安排要做的事”；When are you to leave for home?你什么時(shí)候回家？表示要求做某事，意為“應(yīng)該”，相當(dāng)于should, ought to；You are to

37、report it to the police.你應(yīng)該報(bào)警。表示“想，打算，相當(dāng)于intend, wantoIf we are to be there before ten, well have to go now.如果我們要在10點(diǎn)前到那兒，我們現(xiàn)在就得走。be due to表示“預(yù)定、定于；They are due to meet again tomorrow.他們定于明天再見面。有些動(dòng)詞，如come, go, arrive, leave, begin, start等，其現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示按計(jì)劃、安排近期將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作；Im leaving for Beijing next month.下個(gè)月

38、我要?jiǎng)由砣ケ本Ｄ承﹦?dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)可以表示按計(jì)劃、安排將要做的事情，這種用法常常用于介紹火車時(shí)刻表、飛機(jī)時(shí) 刻表、電影開演時(shí)刻表、作息安排等。We must hurry up. The first class begins at 8 oclock.我們必須快點(diǎn)兒。第一節(jié)課將在 8 點(diǎn)開始。（四）.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法：（1）構(gòu)成：is/am/are +現(xiàn)在分詞（2）用法：表示現(xiàn)在（說話人說話時(shí).）正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，常與now, right now, at this moment, at present 等時(shí)間狀語連用。We are waiting for you now.我們正在等你。

39、表示現(xiàn)階段發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，說話時(shí)該動(dòng)作未必正在進(jìn)行。He is teaching in a middle school.他在一所中學(xué)教書。表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，此時(shí)常與表示將來的時(shí)間狀語連用，多指按計(jì)劃、安排好的事情。Fm meeting my father at the station at 5 o,clock.我五點(diǎn)要去車站接我的父親。表示漸變，有些動(dòng)詞，如come, go, leave, start, begin, stop, arrive, return等的進(jìn)行時(shí)表示逐漸變化 的過程。It is getting warmer and warmer in spring. 春天天氣越來越暖和 T

40、。表示動(dòng)作的反復(fù)。進(jìn)行時(shí)與always, constantly, forever等詞連用，表示反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或持續(xù)存在的狀 態(tài)，往往帶有說話人的厭煩、喜愛等感情色彩。You are always changing your mind.你總是不停地改變主意。（不滿）Shefs always helping people.她總是樂意幫助別人。（贊揚(yáng)）The boy is constantly lying.這個(gè)男孩老是撤謊。（厭煩）不能用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的動(dòng)詞。感覺類：look, smell, feeh sound, taste, see, hear 等。The soup tastes good.（不可說：

41、The soup is tasting good.）這湯嘗起來不錯(cuò)。Your hands feel cold.（不可說：Your hands are feeling cold.）你的手摸起來很涼。情感類：like, love, prefer, admire, hate, fear, adore 等。I love my dad and mum.（不可說：I am loving my dad and mum.）我愛我的爸爸媽媽。心態(tài)類： wish, hope, want, need, believe, understand, agree, know, remember, forget 等。I do

42、nt believe my eyes.（不可說：I am not believing my eyes.）我不相信我的眼睛。存在狀態(tài)類：appear, 存（位于），remain, belong, have 等。Those books belong to Mr. Li.（不可說：Those books are belonging to Mr. Li.）那些書是李先生的。（五）過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法：（1）構(gòu)成：was/were +現(xiàn)在分詞（2）用法:表示過去某一時(shí)刻或某階段正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，常有表過去時(shí)間的狀語（從句）The last time I saw Jane, she was picking co

43、tton in the fields.我最后一次見簡時(shí)，她正在地里摘棉花。表示過去某段時(shí)間內(nèi)持續(xù)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。常用的時(shí)間狀語有this morning, the whole morning, all day, from nine to ten 等We were watching TV from seven to nine last night.昨天晚上七點(diǎn)到九點(diǎn)我們在看電視。用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表過去將來時(shí)，與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來相同，表示過去將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，常用動(dòng)詞有g(shù)。,come, stay, leave 等She asked him whether he was coming back for sup

44、per.她問他是否要回來吃晚飯。表示過去的反復(fù)性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，常與副詞always, constantly, continually, frequently等連用，常常 帶有說話人的某種感情色彩His mother was always working like that.他母親總是那樣工作。（六）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法：1、表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一動(dòng)作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。常與already, ever, never, just ,yet等副詞 連用。I have just finished my homework.我剛剛完成我的家庭作業(yè)。He has been to Germany.他去

45、過德國。2、表示從過去某時(shí)刻開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或情況，并且有可能會(huì)繼續(xù)持續(xù)下去，此時(shí)經(jīng)常用延續(xù)性動(dòng) 詞。時(shí)間狀語常用since加一個(gè)過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)，或for加一段時(shí)間，或加一個(gè)現(xiàn)在時(shí)間。I have known him for three years.我認(rèn)識(shí)他三年 了。He has lived here since 1995,他自1995年以來就住在這兒。【注意】（1）因?yàn)楹衒or加一段時(shí)間或since加一時(shí)間點(diǎn)這樣的時(shí)間狀語的完成時(shí)，有延續(xù)性的特點(diǎn)，所 以不能使用瞬間動(dòng)詞。My sister has been married for 5 years.我姐姐結(jié)婚五年了。My sister

46、has married. Dont disturb her.我姐姐已經(jīng)結(jié)婚 了。不要打攪她。（2）在 This/That/It is the first/second/third/.time that.句型里，從句要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。This is the second time that the products of our company have been shown in the International Exhibition. 這是我 公司產(chǎn)品第二次參加國際展覽會(huì)。（3）句型It is/has beensince.所使用的兩種時(shí)態(tài)都正確。It is/has been 10 years

47、 since I last saw him.從我上次見到他以來已經(jīng)有 10 年了。【注意】一般過去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的區(qū)別：過去時(shí)表示過去某時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或單純表達(dá)過去的事情，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作;現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)為過去發(fā)生的，強(qiáng)調(diào)過去的事情對現(xiàn)在的影響，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是影響;一般過去時(shí)常與具體的時(shí)間狀語連用。試比擬：I saw this film yesterday.（強(qiáng)調(diào)看的動(dòng)作發(fā)生過了，不涉及現(xiàn)在）I have seen this film.（強(qiáng)調(diào)對現(xiàn)在的影響，電影的內(nèi)容已經(jīng)知道了。）動(dòng)詞過去式變化規(guī)那么：1 一般在動(dòng)詞末尾加-ed:clean-cleaned, cookcooked, look-looked以 e 結(jié)

48、尾的動(dòng)詞加 d:live-lived, move-moved， change-changed末尾只有一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加 -ed:stopstopped,shopshopped以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的，變y為i,再加-ed:study-studied, carry-carried?？疾灰?guī)那么動(dòng)詞過去式： am/iswas,arewere,become-became,buybought,bringbrought,breakbroke, comecame,catchcaught,dodid, drinkdrank, drive-drove, eatat

49、e, findfound flyflew,fightfought, getgot, gowent, givegave, havehad, hurthurt,keepkept,makemade, meetmet, mean-meant, riderode, runran, see-saw, sleepslept, singsang, swimswam .一般過去時(shí)表示過去某一時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或情況。常與表示過去的時(shí)間狀語ago, yesterday , last week, in the old days ,when I was five years old, in 1995, the other

50、 day 等連用。I met him yesterday.昨天我遇見了 他。They began to work two months ago.兩個(gè)月前他們開始工作。一般過去時(shí)多和表示過去了的時(shí)間狀語連用。但是有時(shí)候句子并沒有過去的時(shí)間狀語，這時(shí)就要通過語 境、說話人的口氣來判斷。He wrote a novel.他寫了一部小說。I didnt expect you were waiting for us.我沒預(yù)料到你正在等我們。used to do sth.意為“過去常常做某事”,暗含“現(xiàn)在不做了”之意。be used to do sth.意為“被用于做某事”, 不定式表示目的，可用于多種時(shí)

51、態(tài)。be used to doing sth.習(xí)慣做某事。He used to get up early .過去他總是早起。（現(xiàn)在不這樣了）He will be used to getting up early .他將會(huì)習(xí)慣早起。Wood is used to make paper.木材被用來造紙。（三）一般將來時(shí)一般將來時(shí)（1）構(gòu)成：will/ shall+動(dòng)詞原形（Dis/am/are going to+動(dòng)詞原形is/am/are about to+動(dòng)詞原形(七).過去完成時(shí)的用法：1、過去完成時(shí)是一個(gè)相對時(shí)態(tài)，表示過去的過去，只有在兩個(gè)過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作相比擬時(shí)才可顯示出來。When we

52、got to the station, the train had left.2、過去完成時(shí)表示截止到過去某一時(shí)間已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作。By the end of last month, we had reviewed four books.截止到上個(gè)月末，我們已經(jīng)復(fù)習(xí)了四本書。3、表示思維的動(dòng)詞用過去完成時(shí)，意為“原本(但事與愿違)I had thought that he would win.我原以為他能贏。We had believed that he could tell the truth.我們原本相信他能夠說實(shí)話。(A).過去將來時(shí)的用法：(1)構(gòu)成：should/would+動(dòng)詞原形w

53、as/were going to+動(dòng)詞原形was/were about to+動(dòng)詞原形was/were to+動(dòng)詞原形was/were due to+動(dòng)詞原形was/were +to have done(2)用法：表示從過去某一時(shí)間看將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)He said he would be here at eight oclock.他說他將在八點(diǎn)鐘到這里。He told me he was leaving in an hour.他告訴我他一小時(shí)后就要走了。I was about to take a bath when the telephone rang.我正要洗澡時(shí) 鈴響了。He t

54、old me he was to get married the next week.他告訴我他下周結(jié)婚。(九)將來進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法：.定義：將來進(jìn)行時(shí)是指將來某個(gè)時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+will be/be going to be+doingI will be sleeping at 12:00 p.m.十二點(diǎn)的時(shí)候我將在睡覺。I will be studying in university at the age of 20.我 20 歲的時(shí)候我將會(huì)在大學(xué)里學(xué)習(xí)。.用法：（1）表示將來某一時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，一般帶狀語。What will you be doing at this

55、time next Monday?下周一的這個(gè)時(shí)候你會(huì)做什么？When he comes to my house tomorrow, I will be writing the report.明天他來我家時(shí)，我將在寫報(bào)告。（2）表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，但這個(gè)動(dòng)作會(huì)延續(xù)到將來。I wonder if it will still be raining this afternoon.我想知道今天下午是否還會(huì)一直下雨。I think that she will be working on this experiment until next morning.我想她會(huì)一直在做這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)直到第 二天早上。（

56、3）表示預(yù)定的將來動(dòng)作或?qū)淼念A(yù)測。Tomorrow I will be flying to Bombay.明天我將飛往孟買。After you take the medicine, you will be feeling much better.吃完藥后，你會(huì)感覺好很多。（4）表示委婉的請求。When shall we be meeting again?我們什么時(shí)候能再見面？（5）表示原因。Please come tomorrow afternoon. Tomorrow morning ril be having a meeting. 請明天下午過來。 明天早上 我將有一個(gè)會(huì)議。（6）表示

57、結(jié)果。Stop the child or he will be falling over.快阻止那個(gè)孩子，要不然他會(huì)摔跤的。（7）表示對將來的打算（區(qū)別于對將來的預(yù)測）My duties will end in July, and Ill be returning to Beijing.七月我將結(jié)束工作，返回北京。（十）,現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法：.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的定義現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示某動(dòng)作從過去某個(gè)時(shí)間開始，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并且還有可能持續(xù)下去。We have been waiting for him for two hours.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)have/has been + doing.

58、現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)所用的時(shí)間狀語this month/week/year, these days, recently/lately, in the past few+時(shí)間段，since + 時(shí)間點(diǎn)，foi*+時(shí)間段。They have been building the bridge for two months.They have been planting trees this month.這個(gè)月他們在植樹。.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法（1）表示動(dòng)作的延續(xù)The Chinese have been making paper for two thousand years.中國有 2, 000 年的造紙

59、歷史。（動(dòng)作還將繼 續(xù)下去）I have been learning English since three years ago.自從三年前以來我一直在學(xué)英語。（表示在說話時(shí)刻之 前剛剛結(jié)束的動(dòng)作）We have been waiting for you for half an hour.我們已經(jīng)等你半個(gè)鐘頭了。（動(dòng)作不再繼續(xù)下去）有些現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的句子等同于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的句子。They have been living in this city for ten years.They have lived in this city for ten years.他們在這個(gè)城市已經(jīng)住了 10 年了

60、。I have been working here for five years.I have worked here for five years.我在這里已經(jīng)工作兩年了。大多數(shù)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的句子不等同于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的句子。I have been writing a book.我一直在寫一本書。（動(dòng)作還將繼續(xù)下去）I have written a book.我已經(jīng)寫了一本書。（動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成）They have been building a bridge.他們一直在造一座橋。They have built a bridge.他們造了一座橋。表示狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞不能用于現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。I have