您需要多少人來支持SAP項目策劃的實施

1、15/16附件三：您需要多少人來支持SAP項目？眾所周知，實施R/3費用專門高，然而長期支持費用有多少？請用下文中Gartner的rules of thumb 來算一下，假如采納SAP系統(tǒng)你需要多少人來支持？與您原來估算的差距有多大？同高昂的長期支持費用相比，初期實施費用全然算不了什么！原文： Managing Enterprise Applications: From Packages To Productivity , GartnerGroup Europe Symposium proceedings, Cannes, France, November 2-5, 1998, Fred Ma

2、gee主題：企業(yè)治理軟件運用：從軟件包到生產力的轉化Gartner 集團歐洲區(qū)會議記錄。地點：法國戛納 時刻：1998年11月2號到5號。To develop a rough estimate for the size of an ERP implementation staff, usefive person months per concurrent user and normalize based on estimatedproject length.基于標準的項目實施周期和每并發(fā)用戶需五人月來粗略可能ERP實施的所需人工規(guī)模。 SAP Implementation Staff % By

3、 RoleRoles Avg % Range %ESP Avg %When UsedTraining-Methodology31-1220Technical Architecture71-2747Gap Analysis30-1428Module Configuration6140-8224Interfaces70-3542Custom Extensions50-2138Data Conversion60-1841Testing/QA84-1922 任 務行業(yè)平均占總人天的比例%行業(yè)范圍 的平均使用中培訓-方法論31-1220技術體系71-2747差異分析30-1428總體設置6140-822

4、4接口70-3542客戶化50-2138數(shù)據(jù)轉換60-1841質量測試84-1922Total Staff Size Coarse Rule of Thumb : 5 Person-Months per Concurrent UserSource: Gartner Measurement Selected Benchmark DataNote : ESP = Enterprise Service Providers, eg Big Sixs and large SIs依“Rule of Thumb”規(guī)則粗略估算出人員規(guī)模：每并發(fā)用戶所需五人月。資料來源：Gartner 集團的測量基準數(shù)據(jù)。備注

5、：ESP為企業(yè)服務提供商。例如國際六大咨詢服務商。 There is no correct size for an ERP implementation team, there are simplytoo many variables involved. However, having said that some data is betterthan none. Using twelve selected Gartner Measurement SAP benchmarks, thevariability in staffing quickly becomes apparent. Core

6、implementation teamsizes ranged from 24 to 161 with implementation elapsed times ranging from10 to 48 months. No obvious meaningful correlation was present in the data, e.g. number of modules, number of instances, degree of customizationor number of interfaces. However, looking back at the implement

7、ation usingoperational concurrent users as a metric, a correlation was found. Acoarse rule of thumb is 5 person months per concurrent user. Estimationsof project duration and concurrent users would lead to an overall estimatefor staff size. A rough approximation for concurrent users would be 1:6name

8、d users.關于一個ERP系統(tǒng)實施團隊的大小而言，沒有標準答案，因為在實際情況中涉及太多不定因素。有人講有數(shù)據(jù)總比沒有的好。引用十二組Gartner公司的測量SAP實施基準數(shù)據(jù)為例，基中人員配備可變因素變得明顯。依照SAP以往項目實施時刻的情況看，其核心實施隊伍規(guī)模一般從24人到161人，實施時刻范圍從10個月到48個月。在數(shù)據(jù)中沒有反映明顯意義的相關性，例如產品的模塊數(shù)、方案實例數(shù)、客戶化程度或接口等。然而，運用并發(fā)用戶的測量標準來回憶項目的實施，就能夠發(fā)覺它們的相關性。單憑此經(jīng)驗粗略估算，每并發(fā)用戶需五人月，可能項目持續(xù)的時刻和并發(fā)用戶有能夠可能項目組的大小規(guī)模，一個粗略的近似數(shù)是：每

9、并發(fā)用戶：命名用戶=1：6For the 8 staff roles measured, the data indicates a wide range of usage,with configuration dominating share of staff. Approximately half the casesused ESP for certain roles and when they did the averages indicatedsignificant portions of work being outsourced. (.)Staffing sizes vary wid

10、ely by organization, but can be correlated to two keyparameters, concurrent users and the industry standard Unix metric例如以8個人員任務為基準，數(shù)據(jù)顯示了一個專門大的以配置來操縱人員分配的使用范圍，約近一半案例使用了ESP任務，當外包重要的工作部分時，他們使用所顯視的平均數(shù)人員規(guī)模配置的變化受組織阻礙，但與并發(fā)用戶和相關工業(yè)應用標準的兩個關鍵參數(shù)有關聯(lián)。SPECmark92 benchmark. 以SPECmark92為基準SAP Support Staff EFT Metr

11、ics SAP 支持人員，EFT標準Application Avg RangeProcess Owners191-57Super Users20-10Programmers82-22IS Support40-15Infrastructure AvgRangeOperations61-18Tech Services91-28Help Desk10-8Network10-3應 用平 均 數(shù)范 圍操縱者191-57超級用戶20-10程序員82-22技術支持40-15基礎應用平 均 數(shù)范 圍操作61-18技術服務91-28桌面關心10-8網(wǎng)絡10-3Rules Of Thumb :- Applicat

12、ion Support EFT/100 Concurrent Users : Average = 8, Range = 4 - 18- Infrastructure Support EFT/1000 SPECmark92 : Average = 3.5, Range = 2 - 6單憑經(jīng)驗的規(guī)則：-應用軟件支持EFT/100并發(fā)用戶數(shù)。平均=8，范圍=4 18- 基礎軟件支持EFT/1000 SPECmark92 平均=3.5，范圍=2-5Application support covers staff that deal with user issues regardingapplicati

13、ons, e.g. minor enhancements, bug fixes, report writing andquestions regarding application functionality. Many companies draw from thesame pool of SAP-skilled resources for both implementation and support.應用軟件支持工作人員能處理有關軟件應用用戶問題，例如：初級入門、錯誤修復。、報告的編寫和應用軟件功能問題的反映。許多公司從SAP熟練的經(jīng)驗中獲得實施和支持方面的關心。Infrastructu

14、re staffing includes technical services personnel such as the Basissupport team, systems programmers, capacity planners and performanceexperts. Also included are operations staff such as console operators, jobschedulers and tape operators. We see no great difference in infrastructurestaffing between

15、 SAP implementations and other client/server environmentswhen we look at common metrics such as support headcount per unit ofcapacity.基礎應用人員有技術服務人員，例如技術支持小組、系統(tǒng)程序員、生產量打算員、執(zhí)行專家等。同時亦包括相關操作人員，例如操縱臺操作員，工作日程打算員、數(shù)據(jù)備份員。當我們回憶其共同機制、標準如每容量單位的支持人員時，我們發(fā)覺在SAP實施和其他客戶/服務環(huán)境之間的差不多應用人員并沒太多的不同。Two rules of thumb emerge

16、 from the selected benchmark data. Total EFT forapplication support is correlated to concurrent users, similar to what wasdone earlier for implementation. Infrastructure support is better correlatedto server capacity since this measures infrastructure size. The relevantSPECint numbers are drawn from

17、 the Unix industry standard SPECmark92benchmark.單憑經(jīng)驗的兩個規(guī)則出現(xiàn)于被選基準數(shù)據(jù)中，。EFT應用支持是與并發(fā)用戶相關聯(lián)，類似于早期為實施所做的東西?；A支持與服務器容量之間的關系更緊密，因為服務器容量能夠測量支持隊伍的規(guī)模。相關的SPECint 數(shù)據(jù)從工業(yè)生產標準基準數(shù)據(jù)中抽取。Variance in infrastructure costs among SAP users is over 3 to 1. (For thetwelve SAP installations, monthly costs per 1,000 dialog step

18、s : range from25 to 90 USD).在SAP的用戶之間的差不多費用差異是SAP用戶包含基礎結構成本（對SAP十二安裝產品，每一千個對話點每月的成本）?；A設施成本里的變化是31倍以上。SAP12每1,000對話的每月的成本：從2590 USD的范圍。The hardware costs here include lease, maintenance and depreciation for allservers. Software includes SAP, DBMS and related software, with purchasecosts depreciated over three years. Staff costs are salaries and benefitsfor the infrastructure staff. Most SAP shops have mirrored their productiondatabase capac