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文檔簡介

EnglishGrammarMood﹡grammaticalmeaning﹡classification﹡application

﹡practice1&2*aformofverb,indicatingspeaker’sviewandattitudetowardswhathesaysoranactionorastate.

﹡insimple

sentence﹡incomplexsentence﹡insentencepattern﹡withwordsorphrases1在口語中使語氣客氣委婉“should,would,could,might+v.原”2表祝愿、詛咒、禁止或命令1)v.原形LongliveCPC!Godblessyou!Goddamnyou!Heavenforbid!Somebodyfetchabasinofwater.Everybodycomein!

2)may用于句首,動(dòng)詞用原形Mayyoubehappy!Mayyousucceed!(1)與現(xiàn)反主句:情態(tài)v.+v.原從句:過去式(be→were/was)(3)與將反主句:情v.+v.原從句:①v.過去式(were)②should+v.原③wereto+v.原①省if從句中有were、should、had,可省if,把were,should,had提到主語之前。Ifitwerenotfortheirsupport,wewouldbeinaverydifficultposition.→Wereitnotfortheirsupport,wewouldbeinaverydifficultposition.IfIhadleftalittleearlier,Iwouldhavecaughtthetrain.→HadIleftalittleearlier,Iwouldhavecaughtthetrain.Ifitshouldraintomorrow,whatwouldwedo?→Shoulditraintomorrow,whatwouldwedo?②錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間conditionalsentenceofmixedtime

從句動(dòng)作和主句動(dòng)作時(shí)間不一致主、從句v.按各自時(shí)間變化Ifyouhadseenthedoctoringoodtime,youwouldbequiteallrightnow.Ifwehadn’trepairedtherooflastsummer,thelivingroomwouldbewetnow.

(1)與現(xiàn)反從句:v.過去式(be→were/was)IwishIwereyoungagain.SometimesIwishIwerelivinginadifferenttimeandadifferentplanet.(2)與過反從句①haddone②情v.+havedoneIwishyouhadtoldmesooner.Iwishyouwouldhavecalledyesterday.注:①將wish改為wished,從句動(dòng)詞形式不變;②hope賓語從句不用虛擬語氣

﹡特殊v.

從句:(should)+v.原Eg:Hesuggestedthatshe

startatonce.WouldyoupreferthatI___withyou?AamgoingtofishingBwillgofishingCwouldgofishingDgofishingD(1)上述v.的n.后的同位語從句或表語從句中要求相同形式的虛擬語氣advice,agreement,requirement,request,suggestion,proposal,order,demand,insistence,preference,urge,motion,command,recommendation,permission,intention,desire,…Theordersooncamethatallciviliansshouldevacuatethevillage.Weknewhisinsistencethathedotheworkhimself.IsecondMr.Green’smotionthatthemeetingbeputoffuntilnextweek.

(3)上述v.的被動(dòng)式引出的主語從句要求相同形式的虛擬語氣。Itisdecidedthat….Itisarrangedthat….Itisrecommendedthattheproject____untilallthepreparationshavebeenmade.AnotbestartedBisnotstartedCwillnotbestartedDisnottobestartedA真實(shí)方狀:Helooksasifheisyoung.虛擬方狀:(1)與現(xiàn)反(2)與過反(3)與將反(1)與現(xiàn)反從句:v.過去式(be→were/was)Hetalksasifhewereascholar.(Infact,heisnotascholar.)(2)與過反從句:過完時(shí)(haddone)Hespeaksasifhehadseenitwithhisowneyes.(Actually,hedidn’tseeitatall.)(3)與將反從句:情v.(might)+v.原形Itlooksasifitmightrain.Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.

lest,forfearthat,incase引導(dǎo)目狀:“惟恐、以免、以防”

從句:should+v.原﹡lest句中should??墒÷冤~incase真實(shí)目狀:Takeanumbrellaincaseitrains.I’llbekindtoherlestshedecidetoleaveme.Hetookhisraincoatwithhimlestitshouldrain.Hejottedthenamedownforfearthatheshouldforgetit.Here’ssomemoneyincaseyoushouldneedit.Heputhiscoatoverthechildforfearthat/lestheshouldcatchcold.Heburnedalltheimportantdocumentsforfearthattheyshouldfallintotheenemy’shands.I’llkeepaseatforyouincaseyoushouldchangeyourmind.﹡

特問詞+ever或

nomatter+特問詞引導(dǎo)讓狀從句:may+v.原:mayhavedone(過去動(dòng)作)Whateverdefectshemayhave,heisanhonestman.Iwon’tletyouinwhoeveryoumaybe.Nomatterwhatyoumaysay,IamdeterminedtodowhatIthinkisright.Comewhatmay,wewillgoahead.→Nomatterwhatmaycome,wewillgoahead.→Whatevermaycome,wewillgoahead.過去動(dòng)作Thepartywasasuccess,howeverinadequatethepreparationsmayhavebeen.Youmustn’tbeproud,howevermuchyoumayhaveachieved.1

Itis+adj./n.+that…從句:(should)+v.原:shouldhavedone(過去動(dòng)作)

“重要性、必要性、可能性、命令、請(qǐng)求、建議”等important,essential,vital,eager,necessary,imperative,natural,strange,proper,advisable,desirable,preferable,urgent,incredible,possible,astonishing,anxious,appropriate,compulsory,crucial,fitting,obligatory,willing,shocked,

itisapity,itisashame,itisnowonder,…Itisimperativethatweshouldpracticecriticismandself-criticism.Itisessentialthattheseapplicationformsbesentbackasearlyaspossible.Itisvitalthatenoughmoneybecollectedtofundtheproject.Itisstrangethatsheshouldhavefailedtoseeherownshortcomings.Itseemsincrediblethatheshouldhavefinishedtheworksosoon.Itisquitenaturalthatsuchfearsshouldarise.Itisagreatpitythatheshouldbesoconceited.(自大)2Itis+(high/very/about)time+(that)從句:過去時(shí)It’sabouttimethatclassbegan.It’shightimetheyweretaughtalesson.3

S.+wouldrather/hadrather/wouldsooner/would(just)assoon+(that)從句①過去式②與wish賓從同(注:在wouldrather后的從句中,過去式可用于表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)砬闆r的虛擬語氣)I’dratheryoucamenextweekend.I‘dratheryoudidn’tdothat.I’dratherhewereherenow.﹡Ihadrather(that)hehadbeenhereyesterday.﹡Iwould(just)assoonthathehadnotspokenrudelytome.﹡Iwouldsoonerhewouldbeheretomorrow.4

情緒adj.后狀從中:should+v.原/havedoneIamsorry,weweresurprised,theyweredisappointed,…I’msorrythatheshouldsayso.I’msurprisedthatIshouldbeaccordedsuchaheartywelcome.1

Ifonly+從句

﹡與現(xiàn)反:過去式(be→were)﹡與過反:haddone﹡與將反:情v.+v.原IfonlyIhadamilliondollars.Iwereamillionaire.IfonlyIhadn’tlostit.IfonlyIhadstudiedartatcollege.IfonlyIwouldgoabroad.2butfor+n./without+n.主句虛擬①與現(xiàn)反:情v.+v.原②與過反:情v.+havedone

butfor+n.butthat+從句butfor=ifitwerenotfor/ifithadnotbeenforbutthat=butforthefactthat…

事實(shí)Withoutairtherewouldbenolifeatall.Butforyourhelp,wecouldn’thavefinishedthetaskontime.ButthatIsawit,Icouldnothavebelievedit.ShewouldhavefallenbutthatIcaughther.3事實(shí)+or/otherwise/orelse+虛擬句

虛擬句①與現(xiàn)反:情v.+v.原②與過反:情v.+havedoneIwasillthatday.OrelseIwouldhavetakenpartintheparade.虛擬句+but+事實(shí)1Iftherewerenosubjunctivemood,English___mucheasier.AwillbeBwouldhavebeenCcouldhavebeenDwouldbeD2Theguardatthegateinsistedthateverybody____therules.AobeysBobeyCwillobeyDwouldobeyB3“Theexperimenthadfailed!”“Isuggestyou____again.”AtryBtryingCwilltryDwouldtryA4“Heisaverybraveman.”“Yes,IwishI___hiscourage.”AhaveBhadCwillhaveDwouldhaveB5Ifshehadworkedharder,she____.AwouldsucceedBhadsucceededCshouldsucceedDwouldhavesucceededD6IwishI____youyesterday.AseenBdidseeChadseenDweretosee

C7Ifmylawyer____herelastSaturday,he____mefromgoing.Ahadbeen;wouldhavepreventedBhadbeen;wouldpreventCwere;wouldpreventDwere;wouldhavepreventedA8Withoutelectricityhumanlife____quitedifferenttoday.AisBwillbeCwouldhavebeenDwouldbeD9--Ifhe____,he____thatfood.--Luckilyhewassenttothehospitalimmediately.Awaswarned;wouldnottakeBhadbeenwarned;wouldnothavetakenCwouldbewarned;hadnottakenDwouldhavebeenwarned;hadnottakenB10Ididn’tseeyoursisteratthemeeting.Ifshe_____shewouldhavemetmybrother.Ahascome BdidcomeCcameDhadcomeD11Youdidn’tletmedrive.Ifwe__inturn,you___sotired.Adrove;didn’tgetBweredriving;wouldn’tgetCdrove;wouldn’tgetDhaddriven;wouldn’thavegotD1Theteacherdemandedthattheexam____beforeeleven.AmustfinishBwouldbefinishedCbefinishedDmustbefinishedC2Shemadethedemandthatshe____atonce.AleaveBleavesCleftDtobeleftA3HeistalkingsomuchaboutAmericaasifhe____there.AhadbeenBhasbeenCwasDbeenA4Motherinsistedthatthechild’shands____beforedinner.AshouldwashBbewashedCwouldwashDhadwashedB5Theyoungmaninsistedthathe____nothingwrongand____free.Adid;setBhaddone;shouldbesetCdo;besetDhaddone;mustbesetC6MothersuggestedthatI____myhomeworkfirstbeforewatchingTV.AdidBdoCshalldoDhavedoneB7Mysuggestionwasthatthemeeting____offtillnextweek.AtoputBbeputCshouldputDbeputtingB8Thesuggestionhasbeenmade___thebasketballgame__putoff.Afor;toBthat;beCwhich;shouldbeDto;being

B9Thecommanderorderedthatthewounded____tohospitalrightaway.AtobesentBbesentCsendDshouldsendB10Theordercamethatthemedicalsupplies____tothevillagewithoutdelay.AwouldbesentBshouldsendCbesentDmustbesentC11Theyrequestedthathe____ontheradio.AspokeBspeakCspeaksDwouldspeakB12Itisimportantthatwe____wildanimals.AwillprotectBshouldprotectCshallprotectDareprotectingB13Itisnecessarythattheproblem____atonce.AsolvesBshouldsolveCshouldbesolvedDwillbesolvedC14Itisstrangethathe____interestinmuchofhisresearch.AshouldhavelostBwouldloseChadlostDwillloseA15Hadyoulistenedtothedoctor,you___allrightnow.AareBwereCwouldbeDwouldhavebeenC16____Ibefreetomorrow,Icouldgowithyou.ACouldBShouldCMightDMustB17____todothework,Ishoulddoitsomeotherway.AIfwereIBIwereCWereIDWasIC18____today,hewouldgettherebyFriday.AWouldheleaveBWasheleavingCWerehetoleaveDIfheleaveC19____yourletter,Iwouldhavewrittenbacktwodaysago.AIfreceivedBShouldIreceiveCHadIreceivedDIfIcouldhavereceivedC20____,hewouldhavepassedtheexam.AIfheweretostudyBIfhestudiedhardCHadhestudiedDShouldhestudyhardC21Shoulditrain,thecrops____.AwouldbesavedBwouldhavebeensavedCwillbesavedDhadbeensavedA22You____earlier.Thebusleftamomentago.AwouldcomeBshouldhavecomeCmaycomeDhavecomeB23Hetreatedmeasthough____hisownson.AIamBIwouldbeCIwasDIwereD24Hesmiledasifhe____mythought.AreadBwasreadingChadreadDhasreadC25I____yousomemoney,butIhadn’tanyonmethen.AwouldlendBwouldhavelentCcouldlendDmayhavelentB26Hetalksasifhe____.AknowsallaboutitBhasknownallaboutCknewallaboutitDknowingallaboutitC27HaveyoueverbeentoBeijing?No,butIwishI____.AhaveBwillCdoDhadD28WhereisXiaoZhang?IwishI____himatonce.AcanfindBwillfindCcouldfindDcouldhavefoundC29IwishI___therethen.AwasBwereChadbeenDwouldbeC30It’stimewe____tobed.AmustgoBwillgoCwentDhavegoneC31IfI_____you,Iwouldtryagain.AamBwasCwereDbeC32____,allthestudentswouldhear.AIftheteacherhadspokenlouderBIftheteacherwillspeaklouderCHadtheteache

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