外研版（2019）高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)課時(shí)練習(xí)29：選擇性必修2 Unit 5　A delicate world(含解析)

課時(shí)質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)(二十九)選擇性必修第二冊(cè)Unit5AdelicateworldA組·基礎(chǔ)鞏固Ⅰ.語(yǔ)法填空AAUCKLAND,NewZealand,Jan.5(Xinhua)—TheheavysmokefromdevastatingAustralianbushfirescloaked(籠罩)Auckland,1.________(turn)thecity'sskylineintostrange,mysteriousandfrighteningorangecolour2.________Sundayafternoon.NewZealandmeteorologyserviceMetServiceforecastthat3.________upperleveljetofwesterlywindswasdrivingthesmokeacrosstheTasmanSeatowardsNewZealand.Thesmoke4.________(expect)toarriveSundayeveningandwaslikelytobe5.________(large)gonebythemorning.ItisthesecondlayerofsmokecomingfromtheAustralianbushfires,6.________iscloakingtheNorthIslandandupperpartsoftheSouthIsland.MuchoftheSouthIsland7.________(awake)toreddish-brownskiesonNewYear'sDaybeforethesmokespreadtotheNorthMetServicesaiditispossible8.________peoplewouldbeabletosmellandtastethesmoke.However,long-lastinghealth9.________(effect)arenotexpected.OnFriday,theNewZealandgovernmentpledged(承諾)twentytwo10.________(many)firefighterstohelpfighttheAustralianbushfires.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要講述了1月5日澳大利亞熱帶叢林大火的情況。1.turning考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。________(turn)thecity's...在句中作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)theheavysmoke與turn之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填turning。2.on考查介詞。表示在具體的某一天早上，上、下午用介詞on，故填on。3.an考查冠詞?！皍pperleveljetofwesterlywinds”泛指一股高空西風(fēng)急流，且upper以元音音素開頭，故填an。4.wasexpected考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。主語(yǔ)thesmoke和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞expect之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，本句時(shí)態(tài)為一般過去時(shí)，故填wasexpected。5.largely考查副詞。large在句中作狀語(yǔ)，修飾動(dòng)詞gone，故填largely。6.which考查非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。句中先行詞為thesecondlayerofsmoke，關(guān)系詞在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)，故填which。7.awoke考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)onNewYear'sDay可知應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)，故填awoke。8.that考查連接詞。Itispossiblethat...為主語(yǔ)從句，表示“……是有可能的”。從句句意和句子成分完整，所以連接詞為that。故填that。9.effects考查名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。effect表示“效果”時(shí)，為可數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)系動(dòng)詞are可知，主語(yǔ)應(yīng)為復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填effects.10.more考查比較級(jí)?！盎鶖?shù)詞＋more＋名詞”表示在一定基礎(chǔ)上再增加一定的數(shù)量，故填more。BResearchersinChinahaveexplainedwhybasking(沐浴)inthesuncanmakepeoplesmart.Itisknowntoeverybodythatthesunisveryimportantandnothingintheworldcansurvive1.________it.Sciencehasalreadyprovedthatsunnydayscanhelp2.________(strong)aperson'smood,intelligenceandmemory.AteamattheUniversityofScienceandTechnologyofChinainHefei,AnhuiProvincediscoversthatUVlight,anelementofsunshine,makesachangeinthebrainthatcanmakeTestsonmiceshowthatmoodsandlearningcanbeimprovedduetoenoughexposuretoUVlight,accordingtoXiongWei,4.________professorattheuniversity'sSchoolofLifeScienceswholedthestudy.Hesaysthatmice5.________(expose)toUVlight,whichisequalto20to30minutesofmiddaysuninFloridainsummer.ExposuretoUVlight6.________(increase)thelevelofasubstanceinblood,whichreactswithbraincells7.________(promote)functionssuchaslearningandmemory.Xiongsayspreviousresearchhas8.________(actual)foundthatthissubstancewillchangeinourbodyanddogoodtoour9.________(fit),butthisisthefirsttimethatithasbeenshowedthattheprocesscanhappeninthebrain,whichisafinding【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。安徽合肥中國(guó)科技大學(xué)的一個(gè)小組用小老鼠的試驗(yàn)證明了陽(yáng)光中的紫外線能在大腦中產(chǎn)生一種變化，使得我們變得更聰明。也就是說陽(yáng)光普照的天氣能讓我們心情好、更聰明并且記憶力更好。1.without考查介詞?？崭裉巻卧~位于動(dòng)詞后，與it一起作狀語(yǔ)，所以填介詞。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知應(yīng)為without，故填without。2.strengthen考查動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處應(yīng)為動(dòng)詞形式，故填strengthen。3.us考查人稱代詞。空格處單詞位于make后作賓語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用人稱代詞的賓格形式，故填us。4.a/one考查不定冠詞或不定代詞?？崭裉巻卧~與professor一起作XiongWei的同位語(yǔ)，professor為可數(shù)名詞，使用的是單數(shù)形式，所以空格處可以填表示“一個(gè)”的不定冠詞或不定代詞，professor是以輔音音素開頭的，故填a/one。5.areexposed考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。本句是that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，從句中缺少謂語(yǔ)。句子主語(yǔ)mice與expose之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。由says以及全文使用的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)可知，從句部分也應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。mice為復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填areexposed。6.increases考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。本句是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，主句缺少謂語(yǔ)。由于全文使用的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，所以這句話也應(yīng)使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。ExposuretoUVlight表達(dá)單數(shù)意義，故填increases。7.topromote考查不定式。根據(jù)句意可知，這種物質(zhì)與腦細(xì)胞產(chǎn)生反應(yīng)促進(jìn)了學(xué)習(xí)和記憶功能，所以應(yīng)用不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。故填topromote。8.actually考查副詞?？崭裉巻卧~修飾整個(gè)句子，應(yīng)用副詞形式，故填actually。9.fitness考查名詞?？崭裉巻卧~位于物主代詞our后，應(yīng)用名詞形式。fit的名詞形式為fitness，故填fitness。10.that考查定語(yǔ)從句。本句是一個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，非限制性定語(yǔ)從句內(nèi)又含有一個(gè)限制性定語(yǔ)從句。這個(gè)限制性定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞為afinding，指物，并且其在從句中作主語(yǔ)，所以應(yīng)使用關(guān)系詞which或that。又因這個(gè)句子中已經(jīng)有一個(gè)which，故填that。Ⅱ.根據(jù)提示補(bǔ)全句子1.正如報(bào)告所顯示的，在過去的兩個(gè)月里，這個(gè)城市的空氣質(zhì)量已有所改善。(as)Theairqualityinthecity,asisshowninthereport,hasimprovedoverthepasttwomonths.2.他生來就有殘疾，但他從不沮喪，也從未屈服于任何困難。(部分倒裝)Hewasdisabledfrombirth，butheneverfeltfrustrated,nordidhegiveintoanydifficulty.3.開始你可能有些困難，如果是這樣的話，請(qǐng)給我們打電話。(狀語(yǔ)從句的省略)Youmayhavesomedifficultyatfirst.Ifso,pleaseringus.4.我想當(dāng)然的認(rèn)為你會(huì)跟我們?cè)谝黄稹?it作形式賓語(yǔ))Itookitforgrantedthatyouwouldstaywithus．5.我的這些成就都應(yīng)歸功于我的同事以及朋友們的鼓勵(lì)和幫助。(owe)Iowealltheachievementstotheencouragementandhelpfrommycolleaguesandfriends.B組·能力提升Ⅰ.閱讀理解Flyinghasshrunktheworld!It'snowpossibletotravelaroundtheglobequicklyandeasily.Jumpingonaplaneandjettingoffonholidayorabusinesstripisthenormformanyofus,andwiththeriseofbudgetairlines,thenumberofpeopletakingtotheskiesisincreasing.Butwhileairtraveliscostingusless,thecosttotheenvironmentisgoingup.Climatechangeissomethingwe'reallawareofnow,andaviationcompaniesknowthatsomeoftheblameforthisisbeingpointedatthem.Lastyearairlineswereforecastedtouseabout97bngallonsofjetfuel.Butwhilewecouldthinktwiceabouttakingaflightinthefirstplace,particularlyashorttripthatcouldbemadebytrain,technologymightbetheanswertoreducingemissionsandminimisingtheenvironmentaldamage.Recentdevelopmentshavefocusedonreducingtheamountoffuelairliners(大型客機(jī))burn.MakingflyinggreenandsustainablewasthehottopicattherecentDubaiAirShow.Therewastalkofadvancesinenginetechnology,makingthemmoreefficient,andpossiblyusingbiofueltopoweraircraft.RiosGalvan,abioenergyexpertandprofessoratKhalifaUniversityinAbuDhabi,toldtheBBCthat“thesehavethecapacitytoreducethecarbonfootprintanywherebetween50-80percentwhenyoucomparethemtofuels”．AndPhilCurnock,chiefengineerofthecivilfutureprogrammeatRolls-Royce,alsosuggestedthatelectrichybridengines(混合動(dòng)力發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī))couldplayapartforsmalleraircraft,coveringshorterdistances.Hesays,“itoffersthepossibilityofacarbon-neutralflightforalimitedrange.”O(jiān)fcourse,aircraftmanufacturersareconstantlylookingatwaystomaketheirplanesmorefuelefficient.Boeing'sDreamliner,forexample,isalreadyinoperationanduses25percentlessfuelperpassengercomparedwithaircraftofasimilarsize.Otherimprovementsincludebetteraircraftaerodynamics(空氣動(dòng)力學(xué)),changestowaysaircrafttaxi(滑行)onrunways,andtheuseoflightermaterials.1.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph1?A.Theearthgetssmaller.B.Budgetairlinesbecomepopular.C.Flyingisfavouriteamongpassengers.D.Airtravelcandoharmtoenvironment.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“minimising”mean?A.Lowering.B.Consolidating.C.Weakening.D.Increasing.3.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Boeing'sDreamlinerisagreenaircraft.B.Biofuelisanecessitytopowerairliners.C.Electrichybridengineshavetheirlimitations.D.Wayswillbefoundtoreducefuelconsumption.4.Howcanaircraftsbemademorefuelefficient?A.Bybetteringrunways.B.Bymakingsmalleraircrafts.C.Byusingthelightermaterials.D.Byusingaircraftaerodynamics.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。雖然如今人們可以輕松快捷地環(huán)游世界，乘飛機(jī)旅行花費(fèi)更少，但環(huán)境成本卻在上升。在最近的迪拜航空展上，讓飛行更加環(huán)保、更合乎可持續(xù)發(fā)展理念是一個(gè)熱門話題。會(huì)議討論了發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)技術(shù)的進(jìn)步，發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)效率的提高，并可能使用生物燃料為飛機(jī)提供動(dòng)力。文章還說明了一位生物能源專家RiosGalvan對(duì)生物燃料的看法以及首席工程師PhilCurnock對(duì)混合動(dòng)力發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的看法。1.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Butwhileairtraveliscostingusless,thecosttotheenvironmentisgoingup.”可推知，乘飛機(jī)旅行對(duì)環(huán)境有害。故選D。2.A詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫線詞前的內(nèi)容“Butwhilewecouldthinktwiceabouttakingaflightinthefirstplace,particularlyashorttripthatcouldbemadebytrain,technologymightbetheanswertoreducingemissionsand”及and連接的前后兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞為近義詞可知，畫線詞的意思為“減少，降低”。故選A。3.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Hesays，‘itoffersthepossibilityofacarbon-neutralflightforalimitedrange.’”可知，油電混合動(dòng)力引擎有其局限性。故選C。4.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Otherimprovementsincludebetteraircraftaerodynamics(空氣動(dòng)力學(xué)),changestowaysaircrafttaxi(滑行)onrunways,andtheuseoflightermaterials.”可知，使用較輕的材料可以使飛機(jī)更省油。故選C。Ⅱ.完形填空TheAdamsfamilyhomehasbeentakenoverbyorigami(折紙)inallsizesandshapes.Nooneseemsto1though.Thosepapercreationsare2cleanwaterprojectsaroundtheworldandsavinglives.Amessyhomeisasmallpricetopay3．In2011,IsabelleAdamsandhersisterKatherinelearnedthateveryfivesecondsachilddiedfrom4ofcleanwaterandthatgirlsoftheiragecouldn'tgotoschool5theywerefetchingwateralldayfortheirfamilies.They6todosomething.“Sowetooksomethingthatweloveddoing—foldingorigami,withthe7goaltohelpfundawellinEthiopia，”explainsKatherine.8，theyendedupsellingoutandraisingfarmorethanthattofully9thecostofthewell.Katherine,now13,adds，“Itjustsnowballed,10thefoundingoftheprojectPaperforWater.”Ineightyears,thisprojecthas11morethan2milliondollarsforover200waterprojectsin20differentcountries.Now,therestoftheAdamsfamilyarealso12.Butattheheartofit,beneathcountlesspaperdecorationssittwoboldsistershopingto13othergirlsandboys.“Kidshaveanincredibleabilitytomakeareal14totheworldifthey'rejustgiventhechance，”Isabellesays,“andifpeople151.A.mind B.notice C.appreciate D.remember2.A.decorating B.rewarding C.attracting D.funding3.A.inexchange B.inturn C.inreturn D.inresponse4.A.pollution B.loss C.lack D.waste5.A.although B.because C.unless D.while6.A.hesitated B.decided C.happened D.demanded7.A.lifelong B.individual C.original D.critical8.A.Obviously B.Unexpectedly C.Suddenly D.Gradually9.A.spend B.fill C.offer D.cover10.A.tryingout B.dependingon C.contributingto D.appealingto11.A.saved B.borrowed C.earned D.collected12.A.involved B.praised C.recognised D.employed13.A.satisfy B.inspire C.inform D.comfort14.A.judgement B.sense C.difference D.connection15.A.support B.persuade C.welcome D.award【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要記敘了IsabelleAdams和KatherineAdams通過折紙來為挖水井募集資金。家里的其他成員在她們的帶動(dòng)下也加入了這一行動(dòng)，Katherine說只要給予孩子們機(jī)會(huì)和支持，他們就能影響世界。1.A結(jié)合下文Adams一家?guī)椭彼畠和男袨榭芍齻儗?duì)于在家折紙這件事并不介意。故選A。2.D根據(jù)下文中的“cleanwaterprojectsaroundtheworldandsavinglives”可知，這些紙制品正在資助世界各地的清潔水項(xiàng)目，拯救生命。故選D。3.A因?yàn)檎奂埗鑱y的家換來的是這些折紙資助世界各地的清潔水項(xiàng)目，拯救生命。故選A。4.C根據(jù)下文中的“theywerefetchingwateralldayfortheirfamilies”可知，是缺乏清潔水。故選C。5.B本句為原因狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“因?yàn)椤薄９蔬xB。6.B根據(jù)上文可知，她們了解了缺水兒童的情況后，決定用折紙來幫助他們。故選B。7.C根據(jù)上文可知，姐妹二人了解了缺水兒童的情況后，最初的目標(biāo)就是為了資助他們一口水井。故選C。8.B根據(jù)下文中的“theyendedupsellingoutandraisingfarmore”可知，出乎意料的是，她們最終賣光了折紙。故選B。9.D根據(jù)上文中的“raisingfarmorethanthattofully”可知，籌集到的資金足以完全涵蓋了水井的花費(fèi)。故選D。10.C根據(jù)下文中的“thefoundingoftheprojectPaperforWater”可知，Katherine和Isabelle的行為為PaperforWater項(xiàng)目的建立做出了貢獻(xiàn)。故選C。11.D根據(jù)下文中的“morethan2milliondollarsforover200waterprojectsin20differentcountries”可知，是指為20個(gè)不同國(guó)家的200多個(gè)水利項(xiàng)目籌集了200多萬(wàn)美元。故選D。12.A根據(jù)上文中的“therestoftheAdamsfamilyarealso”可知，Adams家族的其他成員也參與其中。故選A。13.B根據(jù)下文中的“Kidshaveanincredibleabilitytomakeareal14totheworld”可知，兩姐妹希望用自己的行動(dòng)來激勵(lì)其他人。故選B。14.Cmakeadifference意為“有影響，有關(guān)系”，為固定短語(yǔ)。故選C。15.A根據(jù)上文中的“ifthey'rejustgiventhechance”可知，只要孩子們被給予機(jī)會(huì)和被人們所支持，他們就能影響世界。故選A。Ⅲ.語(yǔ)法填空TraditionalEarthenBuildingsListedasaWorldCulturalHeritagein2008,tulouorearthenbuildingsareuniqueruraldwellings(住宅)inthe1.________(mountain)areaineastChina'sFujianProvince.Thebuildings2.________(appear)intheSongandYuandynasties,andtook3.________(they)currentshapesintheMingandQingdynasties.SomeoftheHakkaandHoklopeoplestillliveinthetulou.Thebuildingswere4.________(original)forHakkafamiliestolivetogetheranddefend5.________theinvaders.Theyevolvedfromlocalmountaincamps,mostof6.________tookacircularstructure.Mostoftheearthenbuildingshavebeendevelopedsinceitwas