2021年汕頭市濠江區(qū)礐石中學(xué)高三英語第二次聯(lián)考試卷及參考答案

2021年汕頭市濠江區(qū)礐石中學(xué)高三英語第二次聯(lián)考試卷及參考答案第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項ANooneknowswhenthefirstprintingpresswasinventedorwhoinventedit.buttheoldestknownprintedtextoriginatedinChinaduringthefirstmillennium(千)AD.TheDiamondSutra(《金剛經(jīng)),aBuddhistbookfromDunhuang,ChinaduringtheTangDynasty,issaidtobetheoldestknownprintedbook.TheDiamondSutrawascreatedwithamethodknownasblockprinting( 雕版印),whichusedboardsofhand-carvedwoodblocksinreverse.ItwassaidthatthemoveabletypewasdevelopedbyBiSheng.HewasfromYingshan,Hubei,China,livingfrom970to1051AD.HismethodreplacedpanelsofprintingblockswithmoveableindividualChinesecharactersthatcouldbereused.ThefirstmoveableChineseCharacterswerecarvedintoclayandbakedintohardblocksthatwerethenarrangedontoanironframethatwaspressedagainstanironplate.TheearliestmentionofBiSheng’sprintingpressisinthebookDreamPoolEssays,writtenin1086byShenKuo,whonotedthathisnephewscameintopossessionofBiSheng’stypefaces( 字體)afterhisdeath.ShenKuoexplainedthatBiShengdidnotusewoodbecausethetextureisinconsistent)andabsorbswetnesstooeasily.BythetimeoftheSouthernSongDynasty,whichruledfrom1127to1279AD,bookshadbecomepopularinsocietyandhelpedcreateascholarlyclassofcitizenswhohadthecapabilitiestobecomecivilservants.Largeprintedbookcollectionsalsobecameastatussymbolforthewealthyclass.WhenwasBiSheng’sprintingpressfirstintroducedinhistory?AfterBiShengdiedandhisnephewsownedhistypefaces.WhenbooksbecamepopularintheSouthernSongDynasty.Aftertheblockprintingwasreplacedbythemoveabletypeprinting.WhenTheDiamondSutrawasprintedintoabook.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?ShenKuomadegreatcontributionstoprinting.Themoveabletypeprintingwasinventedearlierthanblockprinting.PrintedbookswerehardtogetintheSongDynasty.BytheSouthernSongDynasty,bookshadhelpedpeoplegettohighersocialpositions.Whydoestheauthorwritethispassage?ToshowthatBuddhismwaspopularintheTangDynasty.Tointroducetheearlyhistoryofprinting.TomemorizeBiSheng,developingthemoveabletypeprinting.Toindicatetheadvantagesofmoveabletypeprinting.BWhenyouwalkonasandybeach,ittakesmoreenergythanstridingdownasidewalk—becausetheweightofyourbodypushesintothesand.Turnsout,thesamethingistrueforvehiclesdrivingonroads.Theweightofthevehiclescreatesaveryshallowindentation()inthepavement()—anditmakesitsuchthatit’scontinuouslydrivingupaveryshallowhill.JeremyGregory,asustainabilityscientistatM.I.T.andhisteammodeledhowmuchenergycouldbesaved—andgreen-housegasesavoided—bysimplystiffening(硬)thenation’sroadsandhighways.Andtheyfoundthatstiffening10percentofthenation’sroadseveryyearcouldprevent440megatonsofcarbondioxideequivalentemissionsoverthenextfivedecades —enoughtooffsethalfapercentofprojectedtransportationsectoremissionsoverthattimeperiod.Toputthoseemissionssavingsintocontext—thatamountisequivalenttohowmuchCO2you’dsparetheplanetbykeepingabillionbarrelsofoilintheground —orbygrowingsevenbilliontrees—foradecade.TheresultsareintheTransportationResearchRecord.Asforhowtostiffenroads?Gregorysaysyoucouldmixsmallamountsofsyntheticfibersorcarbonnanotubesintopavingmaterials.Oryoucouldpavewithcementbasedconcrete,whichisstifferthanasphalt瀝青).Thissystemcouldalsobeawaytoshavecarbonemissionswithoutsomeoftheusualhurdles.Usually,whenitcomestoreducingemissionsinthetransportationsector,you’retalkingaboutchangingpoliciesrelatedtovehiclesandalsodriverbehavior,whichinvolvesmillionsandmillionsofpeople—asopposedtochangingthewaywedesignandmaintainourpavements.That’sjustontheorderofthousandsofpeoplewhoareworkingintransportationagencies.Andwhenitcomestoretrofitting()ourstreetsandhighways—thoseagenciesarewheretherubbermeetstheroad.Whydoestheauthormention“walkonasandybeach”inparagraph1?Topresentafact. B.Tomakeacontrast.C.Toexplainarule. D.Toshareanexperience.WhatsuggestiondoestheauthorgivetoreduceCO2emissions?Hardeningtheroad. B.Keepingoilintheground.C.Growingtreesfordecades. D.Improvingthetransportation.Whatistheadvantageofthissuggestion?Gainingmoresupport. B.Consuminglessmoney.C.Involvingmorepeople. D.Facingfewerusualobstacles.Whatdoestheunderlinedpartmeaninthelastparagraph?A.Thoseagenciesarelikelytomakemorerules.Thoseagencieswillchangesomerelatedpolicies.Thoseagenciesmightputmorerubbertiresontheroads.Thoseagencieswillplayakeyroleinmakingthishappen.CSinceIwasbornandbroughtupinaruraltown,Ihaveagreatinterestinnature.Usingthechanceofstudyingabroadinmysecondyearatcollege,IdecidedtogotoCanadajustbecauseIwantedtoseethebeautifulphenomenathereSoafterIfinishedthestudyprogram,IwenttoYellowknifeintheNorthwestTerritories.IclearlyrememberthesixthnightinYellowknife.Suddenlymyhostmothercametomyroomaround8p.m.andtoldmetochangeclothesandgooutsidequicklycarryinghercamera.Thenorthernlightswereflickering(閃爍)inthesky!Iwasshockedandjuststoodtherewithmymouthopen.Iforgottotakepicturesofthemysteriouslights.Sincethatnight,wheneveritwassunny,Iwentoutsideatnightandlookedatthesky.ItwassocoldthatIlostallfeelinginmyhandsandfeet.AsItookpicturesofthenorthernlights,Icametofindacharacteristicmovementofthelights.Theyfirstappearinthenorthpartoftheskyandthentheygraduallycomedowntothesouthpartofthesky.Afterthat,suddenly,theycomeinthemiddleofthenorthandsouthonlyforawhile,whichisthetimewhenthebestnorthernlightscanbeseen.Sinceitisonlyafewsecondsforthenorthernlightstocomedowntothemiddleofthesky,itisveryhardtogetgoodpictures.Thestrongerthesunacts,thebetterandstrongerthenorthernlightsflickerinthesky.That’sbecausetheycomeaboutfromthecollisions(碰撞)betweenatmosphericgasesandthesolarwind.Muchmoresolarwindcomestotheearthwhenthesunisactive,whichleadstothebestnorthernlights.Andthecolor1softhenorthernlightsdependontheheightofthecollisionsandthekindsofgases.Whydidthehostmotherasktheauthortogoout?Shewantedtotakeapictureofhim.Shewantedtotakeawalkwithhim.Shewantedtotellhimsomethingimportant.Shewantedhimtoseethenorthernlights.Theauthorforgottotakepicturesaftergoingoutbecause .thehostmotherdidn’tremindhimtotakethecamerahewasshockedbythewonderfulsightthelightsflickeringintheskydisappearedtoosoonhelostallfeelinginhishandsandfeetWhenisthebesttimetoseethenorthernlights?Whentheyappearinthenorthpartofthesky.Whentheycomedowntothesouthpartofthesky.Whentheyarebetweenthenorthandsouth.Whentheyriseintheeastpartofthesky.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytellus?Waystotakegoodpictures.Therelationshipbetweenthesunandthenorthernlights.Thecolor1softhenorthernlights.Thetimeofthebestnorthernlights.DTheideaofgrowingfoodinadesertwouldmakemostpeoplelaughbutthisisquicklybecomingareality.Therearecurrentlytwodesertfarmsintheworldwherequalityvegetablesarebeingplantedcheaplyandeasily.SundropFarms,basedinSouthAustralia,usesexperimentalgreenhousestogrowtomatoes,peppersandcucumbers.Thebiggestchallengeofgrowingfoodinadesert,obviously,isthelackofavailablewater.TheresearchersatSundropFarmshavegottenaroundthisproblembyusingthesuntodesalinate(淡化)seawater.Itcanalsobeusedtocontrolthetemperatureofthegreenhouses.WithoutdependingonlimitedresourcessuchaslandandfreshwaterSundropFarmshasmadefarmingapractice.Thiscanincreasetheworld’sfoodsupplies.Anotherbenefitofthiskindoffarmingisthatitcanbedoneanywhere,thusreducingthecostsoftransportingfoodtodistantlocations.Yetanotherbenefitisthatitreducestheneedforpesticides(殺蟲劑).AnotherexperimentaldesertfarmistheSaharaForestProject,whichbeganinQatarinDecember2012.Greenhousesinthefarmarecooledbysaltwater.Solarpowerandothertechnologiesareusedtogethertohelpmakevegetation(植被)growinthedesertenvironment.Asdesertshaveexpandedoverrecentyearsaroundtheworldduetoglobalwarming,thisprojectcouldsolvetheproblem.TheresultformtheQatarprojectwerebetterthanexpectedandinJuneof2014,Jordanagreedtohostanotherone.ThiswillbemuchbiggerthantheQatarprojectandtheprojectmemberswillhaveevenmoreopportunitiestotesttheirexperimentsonamuchlargerscale.Itisnotclearyetthatdesertfarmingresentsthefutureoffarmingbuttheseprojectshaveshownsomesuccessinthefield.Whatdoes“thisproblem”inparagraph2referto?Seawaterisbardtopurify.Thedesertisshortofwater.Thetemperatureishighinthedesert.Desertfarmsaren’tfittoplantvegetables.Whatisoneofthecharactersofdesertfarming?A.Itneedsmorepesticides. B.Itsavesdeliverycosts.C.Ithasalocationlimit. D.ItsolvesfoodwasteproblemsWhatcanweknowabouttheSabaraForestProject?ItlivesuptoexpectationsItcanhelpproducemorefoodItisstartedtopreventglobalwarmingItusestechnologytoproducesaltwaterWhatcanbeinferredaboutdesertfarmingfromthelastparagraph?Itstillhasproblemstosolve.Itrepresentsthefutureoffarming.Itsearlysuccesshasarousedinterestinit.Itsaimistocreatemorejobopportunities.第二節(jié)（共第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項Oneformofsocialprejudiceagainstolderpeopleisthebeliefthattheycannotunderstandorusemoderntechnology. 16 Isn'titunfairthatolderpeopleenjoyingacomputergameshouldbefrowneduponbytheirchildrenandgrandchildren?Nowadaysolderpeoplehavemorecontrolovertheirlivesandtheyplayafullpartinsociety.Moreover,betterhealthcarehasleftmorepeopleintheirsixtiesandseventiesfeelingfitandactiveafterretirement.17Playingcomputergamesisaveryeffectivewayofexercisingthebrain.Whenpersonalcomputerswerefirstintroduced,mostolderpeopledidn'tbelievetheywouldeverfamiliarizethemselveswithit.Nowcomputershavebeenaroundforafewgenerationsandretiredpeoplehavegraduallybecomemorerelaxedaboutusingthemforfun. 18 KateStevens,aged72,says,“Ifindplayingsuchgamesveryrelaxing.It'snotverydemanding,butyoustillneedtoconcentrate.” 19 There'sagreatervarietyofgamestochoosefrom,includingmoreintellectualandcomplexstrategyandsimulation(模擬)games.InternetChessandTrainSimulatorareamongthemostpopularofthese.TrainSimulatorisbasedonreal-worldactivities.Playerscanchoosefromavarietyofchallengers,suchaskeepingtoastrict-timetableandusinghelperenginesduringawinterstorm.Somepeoplearguethat“greygamers”simplydon'thavetheskillsrequiredforcomputergames,andthatteenagersarebetter. 20 Mostcomputergamesrequirethekindofanalyticalthinkingthatimproveswithpractice,whichmeansthatthe“greygamers”maywellbefarbetterthangamershalfacenturyyoungerthanthem.Ingameswherespeedisthemainconsideration,olderpeoplewouldbeatadisadvantagebecausetheymayhaveslowerreactiontime.Ontheotherhand,“greygamers”haveapreferenceforslowerpaced,mindchallenginggames.ThisiswhereIdon’tagreeThiscouldn'tbefurtherfromthetruth.Gamersover65preferplayingpuzzlegamesandcardgames.Mentalactivity,aswellasphysicalexercise,cancontributetobetterhealth.ThisprejudiceisbasedonthefollowingresearchconductedbysomepsychologistsinChicagoUniversity.Activitieslikeplayingcomputergames,goingontheNetanddownloadingMP3sareonlyfortheyoungsters.Anotherdevelopmentthathasfavored“greygamers”isachangeinthetypeofvideogamesavailableonthemarket.第二部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項WetriedtostopAnnafromjumping,butshemadenoresponse.Obviously,sheignoredourwarnings,whichledtoa 21 thatwouldchangeherlifeforever.She 22 offarockintoarivernoneofuswassurewas 23 enough.Whenshehitthebottom,shebrokeherback.I24Annaatthehospitaleverydayforthenextfewweeks.Isawher25varybetweenangerandquitedepression.Herwholelifeseemed26.Shewastooconfusedanddemoralized()tothinkreasonablyabouther27.Withinaboutamonth, 28 ,IbegantoseeachangeinAnna.ShehadmovedtoHennerHousetoparticipateinacomprehensive 29 ,designedtomeetalltheneedsof 30 likeAnna.Theprogram rehabilitates(使康復(fù)) accident victims so that they can 31 fulfilling lives. Annagained 32 onceshesawshecouldlearntodosucheverydaytaskscooking,cleaning,andbathing.Afterlearninghowtogetaroundindoors,she 33 triedtravellingaroundthecityinherwheelchair.Themoreshedid,the 34 shefelt.ThestaffalsohelpedAnnaplanforherfuture.Theyurgedhertothinkabouthergoalsandhowshemight 35 them.Attimes,itwas 36 forhertokeepgoingwiththeprogram,butshedidn'tquit.Nowtenmonthslater,Annaisabouttoliveasomewhat37life.Herdisabilityisnota38:sheisabletodomanyoftheordinarythingssheusedtodo—work,drive,andliveinanapartmentwithafriend.Yes,herlifehad39forever.ButAnnaisonceagaingladtobe40.A.failure B.disease C.concern D.tragedyA.slid B.dived C.fell D.flewA.deep B.shallow C.particular D.dangerousA.treated B.observed C.called D.visitedA.thought B.idea C.emotion D.spiritA.indisorder B.inadvance C.inshape D.inquestionA.jump B.injury C.future D.painA.thus B.otherwise C.besides D.howeverA.item B.event C.program D.activityA.guests B.patients C.roommates D.visitorsA.returnto B.leadto C.turnto D.gettoA.fame B.fortune C.victory D.hopeA.indeed B.already C.even D.stillA.better B.worse C.sadder D.prouderA.schedule B.recognize C.stress D.meetA.boring B.challenging C.serious D.roughA.convenient B.tough C.normal D.peacefulA.drag B.shame C.puzzle D.processA.failed B.changed C.recovered D.improvedA.safe B.alive C.graceful D.grateful第二節(jié)（第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式Do you remember a time when you had no worries stoppingyou from gettinga good rest? 41. (fortunate),yourhappychildhoodisprobablyathingofthepast.Arecentsurveyhasfoundthatmanypeoplesuffer 42. sleepproblems.Someareunabletofall 43. (sleep),somewakeupinthemiddleofthenight,andotherssimplydonotgetenoughsleep.Oneofthereasonswhypeoplefailtogetagoodnight'ssleep 44. (be)pressurefromschoolorwork.Noisepollutionandlightpollutioninbig 45. (city)mayalsocontributetosleepproblems.Intheshortterm,peoplewithsleepproblemsoftenfeeltiredandhavetrouble 46. (concentrate).Inthelongterm,theymaybeatincreasedriskofhaving 47. poormemory,beingoverweightandsufferingaheartattack.Sleepproblems are especially dangerous for teenager