現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)講義

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)講義現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)講義現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)講義現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)講義編制僅供參考審核批準(zhǔn)生效日期地址：電話(huà)：傳真:郵編:現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)講義一．基本結(jié)構(gòu)：助動(dòng)詞have/has+過(guò)去分詞(done)二．句型：否定句：主語(yǔ)+have/has+not+過(guò)去分詞+其他.一般疑問(wèn)句：Have/Has+主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞+其他.簡(jiǎn)略答語(yǔ):Yes,主語(yǔ)+have/has.(肯定)No,主語(yǔ)+haven't/hasn't.(否定)三．用法（1）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果Ihavespentallofmymoney(sofar).(含義是:現(xiàn)在我沒(méi)有錢(qián)花了.)Guozijunhas(just/already)come.(含義：郭子君現(xiàn)在在這兒)Myfatherhasgonetowork.(含義是:我爸爸現(xiàn)在不在這兒)（2）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可以用來(lái)表示發(fā)生在過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻的,持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作（用行為動(dòng)詞表示）或狀態(tài)（be動(dòng)詞表示）常與for（+時(shí)間段）,since（+時(shí)間點(diǎn)或過(guò)去時(shí)的句子）連用.①for+時(shí)段②since+過(guò)去一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)（譯為：自從……以來(lái)）③since+時(shí)段+ago④since+從句（過(guò)去時(shí)）●⑤Itis+時(shí)段+since+從句（過(guò)去時(shí)）Maryhasbeenillforthreedays.Ihavelivedheresince1998.四．hasgone(to),hasbeen(to),hasbeen(in)的區(qū)別Have/Hasgone(to):去了(現(xiàn)在不在說(shuō)話(huà)現(xiàn)場(chǎng))WhereisyourfatherHehasgonetoShanghai.Have/Hasbeen(to):去過(guò)（已不在去過(guò)的地方）MyfatherhasbeentoShanghai.Have/hasbeenin：呆了多久（還在所呆的地方）MyfatherhasbeeninShanghaifortwomonths./sincetwomonthsago.五．現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志

1.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的含義之一是過(guò)去完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在仍有影響,用以下四大標(biāo)志詞可以表達(dá)這種含義:*以already,just和yet為標(biāo)志

Hehasalreadygotherhelp.他已得到她的幫助。

Hehasjustseenthefilm.他剛剛看過(guò)這場(chǎng)電影。

Hehasn'tcomebackyet.他還沒(méi)有回來(lái)。*以ever和never為標(biāo)志

ThisisthebestfilmIhaveeverseen.這是我曾經(jīng)看過(guò)的最好的一部電影。

HehasneverbeentoBeijing.他從沒(méi)有到過(guò)北京。*以動(dòng)作發(fā)生的次數(shù)為標(biāo)志

HesayshehasbeentotheUSAthreetimes.他說(shuō)他已經(jīng)去過(guò)美國(guó)三次了。*以sofar（到目前為止）為標(biāo)+before

HehasgottoBeijingsofar.到目前為止他已到了北京。Shehaspassedtheexamsofar.到目前為止她已經(jīng)通過(guò)了考試。2.過(guò)去已經(jīng)開(kāi)始的動(dòng)作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,甚至有可能繼續(xù)延續(xù)下去,我們可以從動(dòng)作“延續(xù)”的特性和“時(shí)間”點(diǎn)段的區(qū)分入手,進(jìn)一步學(xué)習(xí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。*①for+時(shí)段②since+過(guò)去一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)（過(guò)去從句）為標(biāo)志注意：1)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)不能單獨(dú)與過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用,如yesterday,lastweek,threeyearsago等;2)不能與when連用2.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)往往同表示不確定的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用六．過(guò)去分詞1、規(guī)則動(dòng)詞：規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞的構(gòu)成規(guī)則與規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式的構(gòu)成規(guī)則相同。四點(diǎn)變化規(guī)則：(1)、一般動(dòng)詞，在詞尾直接加“ed”。work---worked---worked,visit---visited---visited(2)、以“e”結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，只在詞尾加“d”。live---lived---lived,(3)、以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，將"y"變?yōu)?i"，再加“ed”。study---studied---studied,cry---cried---cried(4)、重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母，先雙寫(xiě)該輔音字母，再加“ed”。stop---stopped---stopped,drop---dropped--dropped2、不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞：課本七．瞬間動(dòng)詞（buy,die,join,come，go,leave,join……）不能直接與forsince連用。要改變動(dòng)詞buy----have?borrow-----keepcome/arrive/reach/getto-----beingoout----beout

leave----beawaybegin-----beonfinish----beoveropen----beopenclose-----becloseddie----bedead一、單項(xiàng)選擇。

1、Bothhisparentslooksad.Maybethey_________what'shappenedtohim.（呼和浩特）

Ａ.knewＢ.haveknownＣ.mustknowＤ.willknow

2、Hehas_______beentoShanghai,hashe

Ａ.alreadyＢ.neverＣ.everＤ.still

3、HaveyoumetMrLi______

Ａ.justＢ.agoＣ.beforeＤ.amomentago

4、Thefamouswriter_____onenewbookinthepasttwoyears.

Ａ.iswritingＢ.waswritingＣ.wroteＤ.haswritten

5、—Ourcountry______alotsofar.—Yes.Ihopeitwillbeeven______.

Ａ.haschanged;wellＢ.changed;good

Ｃ.haschanged;betterＤ.changed;better

6、ZhaoLan______already______inthisschoolfortwoyears.

Ａ.was;studyingＢ.will;study

Ｃ.has;studiedＤ.are;studying

7、We______XiaoLisinceshewasalittlegirl.

Ａ.knowＢ.hadknownＣ.haveknownＤ.knew

8、HarryPotterisaverynicefilm.I_______ittwice.

Ａ.willseeＢ.haveseenＣ.sawＤ.see

9、—ThesefarmershavebeentotheUnitedStates.

—ReallyWhen_____there

Ａ.willtheygoＢ.didtheygo

Ｃ.dotheygoＤ.havetheygone

10、—______you___yourhomeworkyet

—Yes.I_____itamomentago.

Ａ.Did;do;finishedＢ.Have;done;finished

Ｃ.Have;done;havefinishedＤ.will;do;finish

11、Hisfather______thePartysince1978.

Ａ.joinedＢ.hasjoinedＣ.wasinＤ.hasbeenin

12、—Doyouknowhimwell

—Sure.We_________friendssincetenyearsago.

Ａ.wereＢ.havebeenＣ.havebecomeＤ.havemade

13、—Howlonghaveyou____here

—Abouttwomonths.

Ａ.beenＢ.goneＣ.comeＤ.arrived

14、Hurryup!Theplay__________fortenminutes.

Ａ.hasbegunＢ.hadbegun

Ｃ.hasbeenonＤ.began

15、It_____tenyearssinceheleftthearmy.

Ａ.isＢ.hasＣ.willＤ.was

16、MissGreenisn'tintheoffice.she_______tothelibrary.

Ａ.hasgoneＢ.wentＣ.willgoＤ.hasbeen

17、Myparents______Shandongfortenyears.

Ａ.havebeeninＢ.havebeento

Ｃ.havegonetoＤ.havebeen

18、Thestudentshavecleanedtheclassroom,

A.sotheyB.don’ttheyC.havetheyD.haven’tthey

19、hasMrWhitebeenamemberofGreenerChinasincehetoChina？

A.Howsoon,comesB.Howoften,got

C.Howlong,cameD.Howfar,arrived

20、Hisuncle____formorethan9years.

A.hascomehereB.hasstartedtowork

C.haslivedthereD.haslefttheuniversity

二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換。

1、Hehasneversurfed,（改成反意疑問(wèn)句）

2、Theyhavebeenheresince2000.(對(duì)劃線(xiàn)部分提問(wèn))

____＿＿＿＿theybeenhere？

3、Theoldman_________lastyear.He＿＿＿＿forayear.(die)（動(dòng)詞填空）

4、Thisfactoryopenedtwentyyearsago.(同義句轉(zhuǎn)換)

Thisfactory________fortwentyyears.

5、MissGaoleftanhourago.(同義句轉(zhuǎn)換)

MissGao_______________________________anhourago.

6、HermotherhasbeenaPartymemberforthreeyears.（同義句）

Hermother_______thePartythreeyears________.

7、TheGreenFamilymovedtoFrancetwoyearsago.(