貿(mào)易實務(wù)英語-運輸包裝

EnglishforInternationalTrade——thesixthgroupPPT解說：周雪怡PPT制作：朱偉英PPT內(nèi)容提供:張?zhí)鹛?/p>

熊水亭

相允峰2.Whenwetalkedaboutouterpackagingorshippingpackaging,whatarethey?Andwhatshouldwepayattentionto?3.What’sthepackingterm?Howtofixthepackingandmarkingclause?Whatshouldwepayattentionto?1.Howmanykindsofpackedcommodities?Whattheuseofthem?2.(1)Whenwetalkedaboutouterpackagingorshippingpackaging,whatarethey?當(dāng)我們談到外包裝或運輸包裝,它們是什么?Shippingpackagingisalsoreferredtoasouterpackagingandisusedforprotectingthecommoditiesagainstdamagestoorshortagesduringits

storingandtransportation.運輸包裝又稱外包裝，其主要作用是為了保護(hù)商品，防止在儲運過程中發(fā)生貨損貨差。Requirements

forshippingpackaging:必須適應(yīng)商品的特性；(1)mustadapttothecharacteristicsofthegoods;(2)mustadapttotherequirementofvarious

transportationmeans;必須適應(yīng)各種不同運輸方式的要求；(3)therelevantlegalprovisionsofthestatemustbe

consideredandthecustomer'srequirements;那必須考慮有關(guān)國家的法律規(guī)定和客戶的要求；(4)toensurethatthepackagingisstrongunderthe

premiseofcostsavings;要保證包裝牢固的前提下節(jié)省費用；(5)tofacilitateeachlinkrelatedpersonneltooperate.要便于各環(huán)節(jié)有關(guān)人員進(jìn)行操作。Theclassificationof

shippingpackaging:①Accordingtothepackingina

differentway

按包裝方式不同

Single-piecePacking單件運輸包裝Collectionofshippingpackaging集合運輸包裝②Accordingtothedifferent

packagingmodeling

按包裝造型不同

Boxes,bags,casks，

boundformsandsoon箱、袋、桶、捆等等形式③Accordingto

thedifferent

packagingmaterials

按包裝材料不同Plasticpackaging塑料包裝Paperpackaging紙制包裝Woodenpacking木制包裝······④Accordingtothepackingina

differentway

按包裝質(zhì)地不同flexiblepackaging軟性包裝Ahalfrigidpackaging半硬性包裝⑤Accordingto

thedifferent

packagingmaterials

按包裝程度不同F(xiàn)ullpackaging全部包裝Partpackaging局部包裝Rigidpackaging硬性包裝Theclassificationof

shippingpacking:shippingmarksontheshippingpackagescanbeclassifiedintoshippingmark,indicativemarkandwarningmark.ShippingMarks運輸標(biāo)志運輸包裝上的標(biāo)志可以分為運輸標(biāo)志，指示性標(biāo)志和警告性標(biāo)志三種。運輸標(biāo)志常由一個簡單的幾何圖像和一些字母、數(shù)字及簡單的文字組成，主要內(nèi)容包括：Shippingmarkusuallyconsistsofasimpledesign,someletters,numbersandsimplewords,andmainlycontains：1）目的地的名稱或代號；2）收、發(fā)貨人的代號；3）件號、批號或合同號、許可證號等。1)nameorcodeofdestination;2)codeofconsigneeorconsignor;3)piecenumber,serialnumber,contractnumberorlicensenumber.指示性標(biāo)志是人們在裝卸、運輸和保管過程中需要注意的事項，一般以簡單、醒目的圖形和文字，字在包裝上標(biāo)出。Indicativemarkconsistsofsimple,noticeabledesignandwordsmarkedonthepackagesindicatingpointsofattentiontobepaidduringtheprocessofhandling,shipmentandstoring.警告性標(biāo)志又稱危險貨物包裝標(biāo)志，對于各種危險貨物的運輸包裝上應(yīng)標(biāo)打各種危險標(biāo)志以示警告，從而使裝卸、運輸和保管人員按貨物特性采取相應(yīng)的防護(hù)措施。Warningmarkisalsocalledshippingmarkfordangerouscommodities,dangerousmarksareprintedontheshippingpackagesofthedangerouscommoditiestogivewarningsforthehandling,shippingandstoringpersonneltotakeprotectivemeasuresaccordingtothecharactersofthecommodities.2.(2)Andwhatshouldwepayattentionto?對于包裝應(yīng)注意以下問題：Attentionsshouldbepaidtothefollowing:隨著運輸方式和包裝方式的改革，對于包裝的要求也發(fā)生了變化。例：集裝箱的發(fā)展已使許多商品的傳統(tǒng)包裝發(fā)生了很大變化。

有些商品既可以散裝，也可以包裝。①Therequirementforpackinghaschangedwiththe

reformoftransportationmeansandpackingtechniques.eg.Thedevelopmentofcontainerizationhasgreatly

changedpackingtechniquesformanycommodities.

Somecommoditiescanbeeitherinbulkorpacked.2.(2)Andwhatshouldwepayattentionto?對于包裝應(yīng)注意以下問題：Attentionsshouldbepaidtothefollowing:包裝的形式有很多種類，究竟采用什么包裝，應(yīng)在合

同中作出明確規(guī)定。例：應(yīng)根據(jù)商品的特性、運輸方式、運輸途中的氣候、進(jìn)口國家的法律要求，在合同中舊包裝的材料、種類方面的具體要求作出明確規(guī)定：②Therearevarietiesofpackagingforms,therefore,the

packagingformtobeadoptedshouldbespecifiedinthecontract.eg.Detailedrequirementsforpackingmaterialsandtechniquesshouldbeclearlystatedinthecontractaccordingthecharacteristicsofthecommodity,meansoftransportation,theclimateinthecourseoftransportation,andthelegalrequirementsoftheimportingcountry:①Packingshouldbeappropriateforthecommodity.包裝應(yīng)適應(yīng)商品的特性。②Packingshouldmeettherequirementsofdifferent

meansoftransportation.包裝應(yīng)適應(yīng)各種不同運輸方式的要求。③Lawsandregulationsoftherelatedcountriesand

therequirementsofcustomersshouldbeconsidered

forthepacking.包裝營口考慮有關(guān)國家的法律規(guī)定和客戶要求。2.(2)Andwhatshouldwepayattentionto?對于包裝應(yīng)注意以下問題：Attentionsshouldbepaidtothefollowing:國際上對于“海運包裝”、“習(xí)慣包裝”等并無統(tǒng)一解釋。因此，為減少糾紛，應(yīng)盡量避免在合同中簽訂此類條款。③Thereisnouniforminterpretationfor“seaworthypacking”and“customarypacking”ininternationaltrade.Soinordertoavoidanydisputesarisingtherefrom,itisbetternottousethesekindoftermsinthecontract.2.(2)Andwhatshouldwepayattentionto?對于包裝應(yīng)注意以下問題：Attentionsshouldbepaidtothefollowing:包裝費用一般包括在貨架之內(nèi)，由賣方負(fù)責(zé)提供。如買方對包裝用料有特殊要求，而賣方提供有困難，也可規(guī)定買方提供。④Thepackingexpensesareusuallyincludedintheprice,andshallbebornebytheSeller.IftheBuyerhasspecialrequirementsforthepacking,whichisbeyondtheSeller’sability,theexpensescanbebornebytheBuyer.2.(2)Andwhatshouldwepayattentionto?對于包裝應(yīng)注意以下問題：Attentionsshouldbepaidtothefollowing:包裝的決策問題：選擇包裝的第一步應(yīng)考慮進(jìn)口國的偏好，最好選擇已在其他市場使用的包裝。如果需要采用新的包裝，那么應(yīng)該考慮到包裝的成本問題。⑤PackagingDecisions:Thefirststepinselectingapackageforamarketistodeterminenationalpreferences.Itisbettertoselectapackagealreadyinuseinothermarket.Butifanewpackageisnecessary,thefirmmustevaluatethecost.2.(2)Andwhatshouldwepayattentionto?對于包裝應(yīng)注意以下問題：Attentionsshouldbepaidtothefollowing:在包裝是，公司應(yīng)注意創(chuàng)新的可能。由于顧客的習(xí)慣在改變、收入在增長，公司也許會發(fā)現(xiàn)有別于目前市場的適當(dāng)包裝形式，公司應(yīng)該發(fā)現(xiàn)這種趨勢從而在包裝方面處于領(lǐng)先地位。⑥Initspackaging,thecompanyshouldbealerttothepossibilitiesofinnovation.Asconsumerhabitschange,incomesrise,thecompanymightfindtheappropriatepackagetobedifferentfromwhatcurrentlyexistsinthatmarket.Thecompanyshouldbeabletoidentifysuchtrendsandleadinpackaging.2.(2)Andwhatshouldwepayattentionto?對于包裝應(yīng)注意以下問題：Attentionsshouldbepaidtothefollowing:由于不同的市場對包裝的要求不同，這將降低生產(chǎn)和包裝的效率。為此，應(yīng)實現(xiàn)包裝形式、包裝尺寸和包裝材料的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化，但卻可保持包裝顏色和審美方面的差異性，因為它們增加的費用并不高。⑦Asdifferentpackagingrequiredbythedifferentmarkets,whichshallmaketheproductionandpackagingoperationslessefficient,sostandardizationofshapes,sizes,andpackagingmaterialsisdesirable,butdifferencesincolorsandaestheticsofthepackagecanbemaintainedbecausetheycreaterelativelylittleexpense.2.(2)Andwhatshouldwepayattentionto?對于包裝應(yīng)注意以下問題：Attentionsshouldbepaidtothefollowing:按某些國家的法律，合同中有關(guān)包裝的規(guī)定是商品說明的組成部分。一方違反這方面的規(guī)定，另一方有權(quán)拒收貨物或要求損失賠償。因此，凡是對包裝具有要求的合同，賣方必須按合同的有關(guān)規(guī)定交貨。否則，即使貨物本身的品質(zhì)符合要求，買方也有權(quán)拒絕并損害賠償。

⑧Thepackagingtermsinthecontractarepartofthecommodityaccordingtothelawsofsomecountries.Shouldonepartyviolatestipulationsinthisrespect,theotherpartyshallhavetherighttorejectthegoodsandclaimforthelosses.Soif