高考英語過去完成時(shí)難點(diǎn)突破

過去完成時(shí)一1.Hesaidhe___________________(學(xué)英語)forthreeyears.2.Iheardthechild_____________________(離開他家鄉(xiāng))sincelastmonth.3.Hesaidhe________________(去法國(guó))manytimes.4.Didyouaskhimifhe______________(收到我的來信)?5.Iwantedtoknowwhat_________(happen)there?hadlearnedEnglishhadbeenawayfromhishometownhadbeentoFrancehadheardfrommewashappeninghadhappened二1.WhenIgotthere,thetrain____________(leave).2.Whenmyfathercame,I___________(finish)myhomework.3.BeforeImethimyesterday,I_________(hear)ofhimmanytimes.4.WhenIgotthere,they___________(play)football.hadlefthadfinishedhadheardwereplaying在before,after引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句中，由于before和after本身已表達(dá)了動(dòng)作的先后關(guān)系，假設(shè)主，從句表示的動(dòng)作緊密相連，那么主，從句都用一般過去時(shí)。如：Wheredidyoustudybeforeyoucamehere?Afterheclosedthedoor,helefttheclassroom.

三由時(shí)間狀語來判定

一般說來，各種時(shí)態(tài)都有特定的時(shí)間狀語。與過去完成時(shí)連用的時(shí)間狀語有：

〔1〕by+過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)。如：Ihadfinishedreadingthenovelbynineo'clocklastnight.

〔2〕bytheendof+過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)。如：WehadlearnedovertwothousandEnglishwordsbytheendoflastterm.

〔3〕before+過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)。如：TheyhadplantedsixhundredtreesbeforelastWednesday.

四根據(jù)上、下文來判定。

ImetWangTaointhestreetyesterday.Wehadn'tseeneachothersincehewenttoBeijing.Hefeltrathertiredbecausehehadworkedforthewholenight.Payattention:Ishould,Iwould和Ihad的省略形式皆為I‘d,在具體運(yùn)用時(shí)，應(yīng)根據(jù)具體結(jié)構(gòu)判定究竟哪種情況的省略。注意構(gòu)成：1.肯定句:主語+助動(dòng)詞had+過去分詞〔v-ed〕+其他。其中had通用于各種人稱。1.Theyhadalreadyhadbreakfastbeforetheyarrivedatthehotel.

2.否認(rèn)句：主語+hadn’t〔hadnot〕+v-ed+其他3.一般疑問句：Had+主語+v-ed+其他？2.Bynineo’clockyesterdayeveninghehadn’tgothome.4.特殊疑問句:特殊疑問詞+had+主語+v-ed？Hadyouknownanythingaboutourschoolbeforeyoucamehere?--Yes,Ihad./No,Ihadn’t.4.Whathadyoursisterbeenbeforeshebecameanactress?過去完成時(shí)典型錯(cuò)誤例析：1.昨晚我們看了電影。a.Wehadseenthefilmyesterdayevening.b.Wesawthefilmyesterdayevening.過去完成時(shí)所表示的時(shí)間是“過去的過去〞，只有在和過去某時(shí)或某動(dòng)作相比較時(shí)才用到它。如果時(shí)間只是一個(gè)單純的過去時(shí)間，那么句子只能用一般過去時(shí)，而不用過去完成時(shí)。2．當(dāng)我到達(dá)那兒時(shí)，電影已經(jīng)放了五分鐘了。a.ThefilmhasbeenonforfiveminuteswhenIgotthere.b.ThefilmhadbeenonforfiveminuteswhenIgotthere.在過去某一時(shí)間或動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生或完成了的動(dòng)作，要用過去完成時(shí)。它的動(dòng)作的起點(diǎn)為過去，終點(diǎn)也為過去，即“過去的過去〞。而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的動(dòng)作起點(diǎn)為過去，終點(diǎn)那么為現(xiàn)在。3.到上學(xué)期末，他們已學(xué)會(huì)了五首英語歌曲。a.Bytheendoflastterm,theyhavelearnedfiveEnglishsongs.b.Bytheendoflastterm,theyhadlearnedfiveEnglishsongs.bytheendoflastterm意為“到上學(xué)期末為止〞，顯然它是“以過去某一時(shí)間為終點(diǎn)的〞，故只能用過去完成時(shí)態(tài)，不用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)。4.他昨天見到了Ｂill，他們已有兩年沒見面了。a.HesawBillyesterday.Theyhaven’tmeteachotherfortwoyears.b.HesawBillyesterday.Theyhadn’tmeteachotherfortwoyears.“他們沒見面〞是到“昨天〞為止的〔而不是到現(xiàn)在為止〕，是過去的過去，故后一個(gè)句子需使用過去完成時(shí)態(tài)進(jìn)行表達(dá)。５．李梅很快樂，因?yàn)樗谥锌荚嚰案窳恕.LiMeiwasveryglad,becauseshepassedthemid-termexam.b.LiMeiwasveryglad,becauseshehadpassedthemid-termexam.當(dāng)我們表示某動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)發(fā)生于過去某動(dòng)作之前時(shí)，那么這個(gè)動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)要用過去完成時(shí)態(tài)。句中passthemid-termexam的動(dòng)作是發(fā)生在過去動(dòng)作wasveryglad之前的，故pass需用hadpassed表示。6.他走進(jìn)屋,翻開燈,然后開始寫起來。a.Hehadcomeintotheroom,tur