中考英語基礎詞匯重點知識點 拓展學習講義與練習

初中英語基礎詞匯重點知識點拓展學習講義【10】（全國通用）（含答案與解析）bedroom

cn.臥室bee

cn.蜜蜂○短語搭配asbusyasabee忙忙碌碌beef

un.牛肉beer

un.啤酒before

prep.在…前面;在…以前

adv.以前

conj.在…前面○短語搭配1.Itwasnotlongbefore…不久就…2.Itwillbenotlongbefore…不久就會…3.longbefore很久以前(和過去時態(tài)連用)4.beforelong不久以后(和將來時態(tài)或過去時態(tài)連用)○近義辨析

before和ago的區(qū)別見ago.○沖刺中考1.Therooffell_____hehadtimetodashintotheroomtosavehisbaby.A.after

B.as

C.before

D.until2.Someonecalledmeupinthemiddlethenight,buttheyhungup__________Icouldanswerthephone.A．a(chǎn)s

B．since

C．until

D．before3.Hemadeamistake,butthenhecorrectedthesituation___________itgotworse.(A．until

B．when

C．before

D．a(chǎn)s答案：1.C.2.D.3.C.○強化練習1.Allofuswentoutofthehousebeforethehouse______.A.felldown

B.didn’tfalldown

C.hadfallendown

D.hadn’tfallendown2.Itisfiveyears________hemarriedme.A.before

B.since

C.when

D.after答案與解析1.A.before后的謂語動詞不用否定式.2.B.beg

vt.乞討,乞求

vi.請求,懇求○句型用法1.begforsth.請求得到2.begsthofsb.請求3.begsb.todosth.請求(懇求)某人做某事4.begtodosth請求做某事4.begthat從句(should/may)…請求,懇求○短語搭配1.begone’spardon請原諒2.begsb.off為某人說情;辭退某人○近義辨析

beg和ask的區(qū)別beg指帶有誠意且謙卑的請求,語氣較強,用法較為正式.ask是普通用語,指一般的請求.○強化練習1.Theyfailed,buttheybegged_______anotherchance.A.togive

B.giving

C.tobegiven

D.beinggiven2.Heworkedhardandbegged_____abettersalary.A.for

B.by

C.to

D.of答案與解析1.C.2.A.begin

vt.&vi.開始,著手○短語搭配1.tobeginwith首先,第一2.beginwith…

以…開始○近義辨析

begin和start的用法區(qū)別：兩個詞都有“開始”的意思，很多情況下能通用。start較為口語化。兩個詞后面都既能接不定式也能接動名詞。在下面幾種情況下后面接todo較好:1)主語是物而表示人時.e.g.Thewaterbegan/startedtoboil.2)begin/start是-ing形式時.e.g.Iamjustbeginning/startingtodomyhomework.3)begin/start后面接的是與想法,感情有關的動詞.e.g.Theybegan/startedtorealizethefact.○沖刺中考Theresearchissodesignedthatonce________nothingcanbedonetochangeit.A.begins

B.havingbegun

C.beginningD.begun答案：D.注意：begin既可作不及物動詞，也可作及物動詞?！饛娀毩?.Hadyoufoundthattheice________.A.beganmelting

B.startedmelting

C.beganmelt

D.startedtomelt2.They________whatIsaid.A.beganunderstanding

B.begantounderstand

C.startunderstanding

D.startunderstand答案與解析1.D.2.B.achieve

vt.達到，取得

○近義辨析

achieve,gain和get的區(qū)別achieve通常指通過努力而獲得成功或達到某種目的。gain多指通過努力或奮斗，獲得利益，好處，或經(jīng)驗。get表示用某種方法或手段得到某種東西，多用于口語中。○強化練習1.Theyfinally______theirpurposethroughtheirhardwork.A.get

B.gain

C.achieve

D.have2.We_____muchexperiencefromourjob.A.get

B.gain

C.achieve

D.have3.SuddenlyI_____agoodidea.A.get

B.gain

C.achieve

D.occur4.FlyingacrosstheAtlanticforthefirsttimeisagreat______.A.achieve

B.achievement

C.achievable

D.progress答案與解析：1.C.2.B.3.A.4.B．a(chǎn)chievement是achieve的名詞形式,指具體的一次成就或偉績時是可數(shù)名詞。achievable是achieve的形容詞形式。progress是不可數(shù)名詞,故在此不合適。across

prep

1）橫過穿過

2）在---的另一邊3）交叉

4）經(jīng)過（一整段時間）

adv.

1）橫過穿過

2）在---的另一邊3）交叉

4）橫,闊○短語搭配1.acrossfrom在…的對過e.g.Mycompanyisacrossfromthebookstore.2.across-the-board

adj.①全面的；全盤的；包括一切的②(電臺或電視節(jié)目)在固定時間播送的.e.g.Itissaidthatthereistobeanacross-the-boardtaxcuthere.(據(jù)說這里將要有全面的減稅.)○近義辨析

across和through的區(qū)別across穿過,橫過；強調(diào)從表面穿過;含義與on相關。through穿過強調(diào)從…當中穿過;含義與in相關。此外，over也可表示橫過，越過，它強調(diào)“翻越”到較高的物體的另一邊。

○強化練習1.Ittakesme3hourstoswim________the

river.A.across

B.through

C.over

D.cross2.Youarenotallowedtowalk______theforestalone.A.across

B.through

C.over

D.cross3.It’sreallydifficultfortheyoungboytopush___thecrowdstothefront.A.across

B.through

C.over

D.cross4.Theteacherwaslooking___myshoulderatmytestpaper.A.across

B.through

C.over

D.cross5.Theycan’twent_______theriverbybikesothey

________theriverinaboat.A.across;cross

B.through;cross

C.cross;across

Dover;.cr