DCDC模塊電源常用的電路形式

會(huì)計(jì)學(xué)1DCDC模塊電源常用的電路形式Buck-Boost電路工作原理：VinVoDLIoS1S1S2ULILVin-VoIoD1-DT根據(jù)L的伏秒平衡原則：Vin*DT=(Vo+2Vd)*(1-D)TVo=Vin*D/(1-D)-2VdL*ΔIo=(Vo-2Vd)(1-D)TVds1根據(jù)L在(1-D)T時(shí)間的基本方程：ΔIo=(Vo-2Vd)(1-D)T/LDS2Vds2VinVo第1頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)Vo/Vin=D/(1-D)Buck-Boost電路的輸入輸出關(guān)系：第2頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)三種基本的非隔離開關(guān)電源：VinVoLIoSDVinVoDLIoS1DS2VinVoDLIoSVo=Vin*D/(1-D)Vo=Vin*DVo=Vin/(1-D)Vo<Vin,降壓型電路Vo>Vin,升壓型電路Vo<Vin,當(dāng)D<0.5Vo>Vin當(dāng)D>0.5

升降壓型電路第3頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)三種基本的隔離開關(guān)電源：VinVoSLmDVinVoLSD1D2VinVoLS1D1D2S2正激型變換器反激型變換器橋式變換器第4頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)反激變換器（Flyback）工作原理（電流連續(xù)模式）：VgsIDVdsD1-DTIpIoVinVin+nVo根據(jù)變壓器的伏秒平衡：ImIoVinVoGDSLmDn:1CoVLVin-nVoID-p第5頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)反激變換器（Flyback）工作原理（電流斷續(xù)模式）：VgsIDVdsD1-DTIoVinVin+nVo根據(jù)變壓器的伏秒平衡：ImIoVinVoGDSLmDn:1CoVLVin-nVo’ID-p-nVo根據(jù)能量守恒：第6頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)反激變換器（Flyback）工作原理：VgsIDVdsD1-DTIpIoVinVin+nVoImVrVLVin-nVoID-pVr=？IoVinVoGDSLmDn:1LkCo第7頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)反激變換器（Flyback）工作原理：IoVinVoGDSLmDn:1LkCoVcVcRPloss=(Vc-Vin)2/RGDSLkVcRPloss=(Vc)2/R第8頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)反激變換器（Flyback）工作原理：VgsIDVdsD1-DTIpIoVinVin+nVoImVrICoID-pΔVo=？IoVinVoGDSLmDn:1LkCo-IoVo根據(jù)Co在DT時(shí)間的基本方程：第9頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)反激變換器（Flyback）工作原理：VinVo1GLmNpLkVo2Ns2Ns1多路輸出的反激變換器：減小交叉調(diào)整率的措施：盡量減少兩個(gè)繞組之間的漏感。在輔助輸出一路中加入尖峰抑制器（飽和電感）主路輸出工作于電流連續(xù)模式。采用雙路加權(quán)反饋的控制方式反饋控制第10頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)反激變換器（Flyback）特征總結(jié)：VinVo1GLmNpLkVo2Ns2Ns1缺點(diǎn)：輸出紋波電流大。輸出控制特性非線性。通常需要輔助的吸收回路。轉(zhuǎn)換效率較低。反饋控制優(yōu)點(diǎn)：電路簡(jiǎn)單。輸入電壓范圍廣。容易實(shí)現(xiàn)多路輸出。第11頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)諧振復(fù)位正激變換器（ResonantResetForward)：Ion:1VinVoLoGDSVgsILVdsD1-DTIpVLIoVin/n-Vo-VoImVinΔIL

ILLmLkCrt0t1t2t3t4Ip[t0,t1]t5第12頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)諧振復(fù)位正激變換器（ResonantResetForward)：Ion:1VinVoLGDSVgsILVdsD1-DTIpVLIoVin/n-Vo-VoImVinΔIL

ILLmLkCrt0t1t2t3t4Ip[t1,t2]t5第13頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)諧振復(fù)位正激變換器（ResonantResetForward)：Ion:1VinVoLGDSVgsILVdsD1-DTIpVLIoVin/n-Vo-VoImVinΔIL

ILLmLkCrt0t1t2t3t4Ip[t2,t3]t5第14頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)諧振復(fù)位正激變換器（ResonantResetForward)：Ion:1VinVoLGDSVgsILVdsD1-DTIpVLIoVin/n-Vo-VoImVinΔIL

ILLmLkCrt0t1t2t3t4Ip[t3,t4]t5Lm,Cr的選取原則：第15頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)諧振復(fù)位正激變換器（ResonantResetForward)：Ion:1VinVoLGDSVgsILVdsD1-DTIpVLIoVin/n-Vo-VoImVinΔIL

ILLmLkCrt0t1t2t3t4Ip[t4,t5]t5(Vin/n-Vo)DT=Vo(1-D)T根據(jù)電感的伏秒平衡：Vo=VinD/n第16頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)諧振復(fù)位正激變換器（ResonantResetForward)特征：VinVoCr缺點(diǎn)：原邊開管電壓應(yīng)力較高。諧振電容的損耗大。寬范圍輸入效率很難兼顧。優(yōu)點(diǎn)：電路簡(jiǎn)單。線性輸出控制特性。不需要輔助的吸收回路。VinVoCrVinVoCr第17頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)S1,S2VpVinDVds100

>50%DutyCycleZVSforLowsideswitchExcitingResetResonantResetDualSwitchForwardVinLS2S1Sa1CrD1D2第18頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)有源鉗位正激變換器（ActiveClampedForward)：Ion:1VinVoLoGDSSaILVdsDTIpVTIoVin/n-Vc/nImVinΔIL

ILLmLkCrt0t1t2t3t4Ip[t0,t1]t5S1S1Sa1-D+VT-第19頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)有源鉗位正激變換器（ActiveClampedForward)：Ion:1VinVoLoGDSSaILVdsDIpVTIoVin/n-Vc/nImVinΔIL

ILLmLk-Vc+t0t1t2t3t4Ip[t1,t2]t5S1S1Sa1-D+VT-*副邊電壓的死區(qū)跟Lk和Io有關(guān)，跟原邊開管的死區(qū)無(wú)關(guān)第20頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)有源鉗位正激變換器（ActiveClampedForward)：Ion:1VinVoLoGDSSaILVdsDIpVTIoVin/n-Vc/nImVinΔIL

ILLmLk-Vc+t0t1t2t3t4Ip[t2,t3]t5S1S1Sa1-D+VT-Sa在零電壓條件下開通*原邊開管的死區(qū)時(shí)間需滿足：第21頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)有源鉗位正激變換器（ActiveClampedForward)：Ion:1VinVoLoGDSSaILVdsDIpVTIoVin/n-Vc/nImVinΔIL

ILLmLk-Vc+t0t1t2t3t4Ip[t3,t4]t5S1S1Sa1-D+VT-激磁電流反向，變壓器被復(fù)位第22頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)有源鉗位正激變換器（ActiveClampedForward)：Ion:1VinVoLoGDSSaILVdsDIpVTIoVin/n-Vc/nImVinΔIL

ILLmLk-Vc+t0t1t2t3t4Ip[t4,t5]t5S1S1Sa1-D+VT-激磁電流對(duì)主開關(guān)的輸出電容放電。t6=t0第23頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)有源鉗位正激變換器（ActiveClampedForward)：Ion:1VinVoLoGDSSaILVdsDIpVTIoVin/n-Vc/nImVinΔIL

ILLmLk-Vc+t0t1t2t3t4Ip[t5,t6]t5S1S1Sa1-D+VT-t5時(shí)刻副邊二極管鉗位主開關(guān)的輸出電容放電結(jié)束。t6時(shí)刻新的周期開始t6=t0第24頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)有源鉗位正激變換器（ActiveClampedForward)：Ion:1VinVoLoGDSSaILVdsDIpVTIoVin/n-Vc/nImVinΔIL

ILLmLk-Vc+t0t1t2t3t4Ipt5S1S1Sa1-D+VT-t6=t0(Vin/n-Vo)DT=Vo(1-D)T根據(jù)電感的伏秒平衡：Vo=VinD/nVinDT=Vc(1-D)T根據(jù)變壓器的伏秒平衡：Vc=VinD/(1-D)Vds=Vc+VinVds=Vin/(1-D)第25頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)有源鉗位正激變換器（ActiveClampedForward)：Vc=VinD/(1-D)Vds=Vin/(1-D)Vin第26頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)有源鉗位正激變換器（ActiveClampedForward)特征：VinVoVinVoVinVoSaSaSa缺點(diǎn)：鉗位電壓建立較慢，啟動(dòng)過(guò)程變壓器易偏磁。對(duì)輸入電壓的動(dòng)態(tài)響應(yīng)慢。優(yōu)點(diǎn)：變壓器最優(yōu)化復(fù)位（電壓應(yīng)力低）。輸入電壓范圍寬。線性輸出控制特性。不需要輔助的吸收回路。第27頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)有源鉗位正激變換器（ActiveClampedForward)：AsymmetricalFullBridgeDC/DCConverter第28頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)VinVoLS1D1D2S2半橋變換器橋式變換器（BridgeTypeConverter)：VinVoLS1D1D2S2全橋變換器VinVoLS1D1D2S2推挽變換器VinVoS1D2S2半橋變換器（倍流整流）第29頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)VinVoLoS1D1D2S2橋式變換器（BridgeTypeConverter)：n:1+1LmLkIpIoCBVTS1ILVds1DIpVTIoVin/2n-Vin/2nImVinΔIL

t0t1t2t3t4t5S2Dt6=t0T/2T/2Vc[t0,t1]變換器正半周工作，Ip,Im增加；Vc減少。C1C1第30頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)VinVoLoS1D1D2S2橋式變換器（BridgeTypeConverter)：n:1+1LmLkIpIoBVTS1ILVds1DIpVTIoVin/2n-Vin/2nImVinΔIL

t0t1t2t3t4t5S2Dt6=t0T/2T/2VcC1CC1Vin/2[t1,t2]S1關(guān)斷，變壓器副邊續(xù)流，原邊漏感能量被S2體二極管鉗位。第31頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)VinVoLoS1D1D2S2橋式變換器（BridgeTypeConverter)：n:1+1LmLkIpIoBVTS1ILVds1DIpVTIoVin/2n-Vin/2nImVinΔIL

t0t1t2t3t4t5S2Dt6=t0T/2T/2VcC1CC1Vin/2[t2,t3]S1，S2全部關(guān)斷，變壓器副邊續(xù)流，Lm保持不變，D1,D2電流之差為L(zhǎng)m。第32頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)VinVoLoS1D1D2S2橋式變換器（BridgeTypeConverter)：n:1+1LmLkIpIoABS1ILVds1DIpVTIoVin/2n-Vin/2nImVinΔIL

t0t1t2t3t4t5S2Dt6=t0T/2T/2Vin/2VTVc[t3,t4]變換器負(fù)半周工作，Ip,Im減少；Vc增加。第33頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)VinVoLoS1D1D2S2橋式變換器（BridgeTypeConverter)：n:1+1LmLkIpIoABS1ILVds1DIpVTIoVin/2n-Vin/2nImVinΔIL

t0t1t2t3t4t5S2Dt6=t0T/2T/2Vin/2VTVc[t4,t5]S2關(guān)斷，變壓器副邊續(xù)流，原邊漏感能量被S1體二極管鉗位。第34頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)VinVoLoS1D1D2S2橋式變換器（BridgeTypeConverte