文本分析 課件

Chapter5

caseanalysis

文本分析texttextfunctionLinguisticformformalityNature&carrierRelationshipbetweenthepartiesinvolvedThanks,inquiry,complaint,applicationInvitation,grammarsyntaxsemanticformalinformaltense,voice,mood,agreement…simple,compound,complex,short,long,rhetoricmaxims,terse,clearnormativeuptocorrespondingstandardbiz,application,superior-underlingFriends,kinship,lovers語域register語場(chǎng)（field），語旨（tenor）和語式（mode）交談的話題以及場(chǎng)地等健康飲食教室食堂學(xué)術(shù)會(huì)議家庭交際雙方的社會(huì)角色關(guān)系母子師生專家學(xué)者新聞?dòng)浾哒Z言活動(dòng)所采用的媒介或渠道口頭、筆頭電話采訪微信交流面對(duì)面交談學(xué)術(shù)報(bào)告SignificanceDevelopathoroughunderstandingofthetextsAchieveabetterwritingeffectsFacilitateabettercommunicationpurposeLeaveabetterimpressiononpersonsinvolved文本本身內(nèi)容一、對(duì)象二、事由功能或效果（以大局/公事為導(dǎo)向---說服力強(qiáng)）2.訴求（具有普遍性----增強(qiáng)說服力）3.建議（具體、可行性強(qiáng)）三、落款文本外內(nèi)容

sth.beyondlanguage一、語法(grammar)拼寫正確(correctspelling)語法正確(grammaticallyright)格式規(guī)范(inlinewithnorms二、語義(semantics)1.明確(clear-defined)2.簡潔(briefandtothepoint)3.有說服力(persuasiveandconvincing)三、語體(styles)Formal:seriousness,moreimportantInformal:somewhatcasual,moredailyDependsonsituationsandtargetedfunctions文本分析的視角語言學(xué)視角普通語言學(xué)功能語言學(xué)語域語用學(xué)視角言語行為理論合作原則禮貌原則會(huì)話含義（1）數(shù)量準(zhǔn)則：（為當(dāng)前的會(huì)話）提供足夠的信息；不要提供超于所需之外的信息。

（2）質(zhì)量準(zhǔn)則：說真話；不說缺乏足夠證據(jù)的話。

（3）關(guān)系準(zhǔn)則：說話內(nèi)容要同話題有關(guān)。

（4）方式準(zhǔn)則：避免表達(dá)晦澀；避免歧義；說話要簡明且有條理。

語音、語調(diào)、詞匯、語法言語功能：命令、提問、陳述；拒絕、接受、認(rèn)可、駁回；角色關(guān)系如何有效利用文本文本語言是否符合受眾的語言基礎(chǔ)文本圖式是否在受眾的認(rèn)知范圍之內(nèi)影響文本的因素有哪些如何根據(jù)既定目標(biāo)調(diào)整文本，選擇材料，調(diào)整話語組合方式等Example1AskingtoOpeningthemeetingroomDeardirector:Alltheemployeesarelookingforwardyouadmissiontoopenthemeeting-roomandgivearticlesforactivitiessuchasChinesechessorpokes,sothatwecanhaveagoodrestorhavesomehelpfulactivitiesatnoon.RespectfullyyoursAllEmployeesJanuary12,2014Example2Askingforopeningthemeeting-RoomDearsir:allemployeesarelookforwardyouadmissiontoopenthemeeting-room,givearticlesforactivitiessuchasChinesechessorpokesetc,sowecanhavegoodrest,orhavesomehelpfulactivitiesatnoon.Respectfullyyours.AllEmployeesJan.1207Example3Reportdate:jan.12.2014To:themasterofcompanyFrom:allworkingstaffSubject:aboutopenthemeeting-roomforrelaxDearsirInthebreak,therearenosparetoallworkingstaffstoreleasetheworkingpressureinourcompany.Sothereisfreeinthemeetingroomatnoon-rest.Wewantopenthemeeting-roomatnoo-rest.A