新視野大學(xué)英語unitLongingforaNewWelfareSystemsectionA

1.Whenyouaresick,youmaygototheschoolclinic.Howmuchdoyouneedtopayforyourmedicalexpenses?Tips:—Youjustneedtopay10%ofyourmedicinebills.Pre-readingActivitiesI.SocialWelfare第1頁/共67頁第一頁，共68頁。2.Whyjust10%?Whopaystherestforyou?—It’sapartofthesocialwelfaresystem.Thegovernmentpaystherestforyou.Tips:Pre-readingActivities第2頁/共67頁第二頁，共68頁。

Publicassistanceprograms,commonlycalled“welfare”,providecashorbenefitsforparticularcategoriesofthefinanciallyneedy.Pre-readingActivitiesSocialWelfare第3頁/共67頁第三頁，共68頁。TheU.S.welfaresystemoperatesonboththefederalandstatelevels.ThefederalwelfareprogramisknownasSocialSecurity<美>政府的公共福利計(jì)劃

thatprovidesbenefitsorassistanceforchildcare,disability,foodandmedicalassistance.

Pre-readingActivitiesSocialWelfare第4頁/共67頁第四頁，共68頁。

Thestatewelfareprograms,ontheotherhand,provideassistancetobothindividualsandlocalcommunitieswithstateschoolingandsocialinsurance.Pre-readingActivitiesSocialWelfare第5頁/共67頁第五頁，共68頁。Whichpersonismorelikelytogetwelfareassistance?Why?Pre-readingActivities

arubbishpicker,78yearsold,nolivingpartner,nochildrenateenageworker,15yearsold,parentsdied,workinginasmallcoalmine第6頁/共67頁第六頁，共68頁。

achildbeggar,7yearsold,nochancetogotoschool

athree-year-oldchild,severelyill,nomoneyformedicaltreatmentPre-readingActivities第7頁/共67頁第七頁，共68頁。II.WordsRelatedtoWelfarePre-readingActivitieswelfareclientCaseworkersdonationfinancialaidinsurancepensiondependencehandicappedrelianceunemploymentmedicalassistance…第8頁/共67頁第八頁，共68頁。III.SpotDictationPre-readingActivitiesDirections:Youwillhearapassage.Itwillbereadtwice.Listencarefullyandsupplythemissingwords.第9頁/共67頁第九頁，共68頁。Pre-readingActivities

Cutsinwelfarepaymentshaveleftmanyclientssopoorthattheycannot_________________or____________________________.Manywoulddescribetheirdietasbeingatthesamelevelasa____________.Asaresultmost_______thesystem.Giftsfromfriendsandrelatives_____________,moneyfrompensionis__________andtherentis____________.Anythingforafewmoredollars.Ofcoursethecaseworkersknowthesethingsoccur.Ratherthanhelpingtheirclients,caseworkers____________________________andareinclinedtogiveoutlectureswhenanyhelpisaskedfor,whichisanaturalconsequenceofthinking_________________everyday.affordtoeatproperly

tohaveadecentstandardoflivinghouseholdpetcheatarenotdeclaredunderstatedexaggeratedexpectthemtobowdowntothemtheyarebeingliedto第10頁/共67頁第十頁，共68頁。Pre-readingActivitiesTextUnderstandingLanguagePoints123UnitThreeSummary45Writing第11頁/共67頁第十一頁，共68頁。TextUnderstandingThepassageexplorestheproblemsofthepresentwelfaresystemfirstandthenexpressesthedesiretohaveanewsystem.Accordingtotheauthor,adisabledpersonwithspinalcordinjuries脊椎損傷,heisforcedtoaccountforeverypennywhileenduringlecturesbythecaseworkers.Mainideaofthetext?第12頁/共67頁第十二頁，共68頁。Itishardtohavehiswheelchairrepairedandevenhardertomakeagradualshiftawayfromwelfare.Thatiswhyhelongsforanewsystemunderwhichthedisabledlikehimcanearnpartoralloftheirownlivings.第13頁/共67頁第十三頁，共68頁。Howisthetextorganized?Thepassageiscomposedofthreeparts:1.Howpeoplebehaveunderthepresentwelfaresystem.2.whattheproblemsarewithit.3.whatsolutionsshouldbeappliedtotheproblems.

TextUnderstanding第14頁/共67頁第十四頁，共68頁。PartOneParas.1-3PartTwoParas.4-14PartThreeParas.15-17Ononehand,mostwelfareclientscheatthesystemformoremoney.Arethereanyexampleshere?(Para.1)Problem1:Clientsareforcedtoreportanythingnewtocaseworkers.Isthereanyexamplehere?(Paras.4-8)Problem2:

Itisdifficultforclientstohavetheirwheel-chairsrepaired.Isthereanyexamplehere?

(Paras.9-12)

Solution1:Thereneedstobealawyertoprotecttherightsofclients.Example?

(Para.15)Solution2:Thewelfaresystemshouldhelpthosewhoaretoearntheirownlivings.How?

(Para.16)Problem3:

Ifclientsmakemoney,astheauthor’sownexperiencereveals,theyhavetoaccountforeverypenny.

(Para.13)CurrentsituationdescribingProblemswiththesystemSolutionstotheproblemsProblem4:

Thelawdoesnotencourageclientstomakeagradualshiftawayfromwelfare.

Evidence?(Para.14)Solution3:

Anewsystemisneededtoencourageclientstodeveloptheirtalentswithoutguilt.(Para.17)Allthesame,somelikemehaveoptedtolivealifeofhonesty.Arethereanyexampleshere?(Para.2)Ontheother,welfarecase-workers,likedetectives,expecteveryclienttobeg.Why?(Para.3)TextUnderstanding第15頁/共67頁第十五頁，共68頁。TextUnderstandingQandAaboutthetext:RetelltheProceduretoAskforWheelchairRepairscaseworkermedicalworkerwheelchairrepaircompanymainwelfareofficethehandicappedclient

What’syourconclusion?It’sverydifficultforwelfareclientstoaskforextrafinancialhelp.第16頁/共67頁第十六頁，共68頁。Pre-readingActivitiesTextUnderstandingLanguagePoints123UnitThreeSummary45Writing第17頁/共67頁第十七頁，共68頁。LanguagePointstolongfor…

(Title)經(jīng)過多年戰(zhàn)爭后，人們都盼望和平。Peoplelongedforpeaceaftermanyyearsofwar.Examplehaveadesirefor;wantverymuch

Thechildrenarelongingfortheholidays.第18頁/共67頁第十八頁，共68頁。

Awelfareclientissupposedto1cheat.Everybodyexpectsit.Facedwithsharingadinnerofrawpetfoodwiththecat,manypeopleinwheelchairsIknowbleed2

thesystemforafewextradollars.Theytellthegovernmentthattheyaregettingtwohundreddollarslessthantheirrealpensionsotheycangetalittleextrawelfaremoney.Or,theytellthecaseworkerthatthelandlordraisedtherentbyahundreddollars.

第19頁/共67頁第十九頁，共68頁。1)begenerallybelievedorexpectedtobeordoShe’ssupposedtohavefivehundredpairsofshoes.

據(jù)信她有500雙鞋。It’ssupposedtobeagreatmovie.

據(jù)說這部電影不錯。besupposedto:第20頁/共67頁第二十頁，共68頁。2)beexpectedorrequiredtodoorbesth.accordingtoarule,acustom,anarrangement,etc.You’resupposedtobuyaticket,thoughnotmanypeopledo.盡管沒有多少人買票，但你應(yīng)該買。You’resupposedtoasktheteacherifyouwanttoleavetheclassroom.

如果你要離開教室，得跟老師說。返回第21頁/共67頁第二十一頁，共68頁。bleed2.He'dbeenwoundedinthearmandwasbleedingheavily.Examplea.

forcesb.topayalotofmoney

b.

loseblood1.Thewestisbleedingpoorercountriesdrythroughinterestpaymentsontheirdebts.西方正通過債務(wù)利息榨干貧窮國家的財(cái)富。向······榨取······第22頁/共67頁第二十二頁，共68頁。Ihaveoptedtolivealifeofcompletehonesty.Soinstead,Igooutanddrumupsomebusinessanddrawcartoons.IeventellwelfarehowmuchImake!Oh,I'mtemptedtogetpaidunderthetable.ButevenifIyieldedtothattemptation,bigmagazinesarenotgoingtogetinvolvedinsomestickysituation.Theykeepmyrecords,andthatinformationgoesrightintothegovernment'scomputer.Veryhigh-profile.第23頁/共67頁第二十三頁，共68頁。opttodosth.

WhatdoyouopttodoafteryougraduatefromUniversity?Examplechoosetodosth.返回第24頁/共67頁第二十四頁，共68頁。todrumupDuringtheseasonofChristmaseachyear,tradersusetheirownuniquetrickstodrumuptheirbusiness.每年圣誕節(jié)期間，商家們各顯神通來招攬生意。Exampletryhardtogetsupport,customers,business,etc.竭力爭取(支持);兜攬(生意)

Theywereunabletodrumupenthusiasmforthenewpolicies.他們未能激起人們對新政策的熱情返回第25頁/共67頁第二十五頁，共68頁。I'mtemptedtogetpaidunderthetable.ButevenifIyieldedtothattemptation,bigmagazinesarenotgoingtogetinvolvedinsomestickysituation.

(L.8)Meaning:Ifeeladesiretobepaidwithoutbeingknowntoothers.ButevenifIcouldn'tresistthattemptationandwantedtobepaidunderthetable,bigmagazinesIamworkingforwon'tagreetogetthemselvesintotroublebytellingliesformysake.第26頁/共67頁第二十六頁，共68頁。LanguagePointsunderthetable

Theywerechargedwithtakingmoneyunderthetable.Exampleinasecretway返回第27頁/共67頁第二十七頁，共68頁。yieldto:stopresistingsth.Iyieldedtoanimpulse.

我聽?wèi){一時(shí)的沖動行事了。Thegovernmentrefusedtoyieldtothehostagetakers’demand.

政府拒絕答應(yīng)人質(zhì)挾持者的要求。返回第28頁/共67頁第二十八頁，共68頁。LanguagePointssticky

2.Herhandswerestickyfromtheicecream.

1.astickyproblem/situationExamplea.difficultorunpleasantb.coveredinasubstancethatstickstothingsthattouchitc.(oftheweather)hotanddamp

3.asticky,humidafternoon

一個又熱又潮的下午棘手的黏的返回第29頁/共67頁第二十九頁，共68頁。AsawelfareclientI'mexpectedtobowbeforethecaseworker.Deepdown,caseworkersknowthattheyarebeingmadefoolsofbymanyoftheirclients,andtheyfeeltheyareentitledtohaveclientsbowtothemascompensation.I'mnotbeingbitter.Mostcaseworkersbeginascollege-educatedliberalswithhighideals.Butafterafewyearsinasystemthatpracticallyrequirespeopletolie,theybecomeliketheoneIshallcall"Suzanne",adetectiveinshorts.第30頁/共67頁第三十頁，共68頁。LanguagePointsmakeafoolofsb.

makeafoolofoneself

Yourbrotherismakingafoolofyou.Eobehavingfoolishly

Hewasdrinkingandmakingafoolofhimself.

他喝酒時(shí)，出盡了洋相。愚弄，欺騙出洋相返回第31頁/共67頁第三十一頁，共68頁。LanguagePointstobeentitledto(do)sth.

1.Everyoneisentitledto(air)hisownopinion.

Example

havetherighttohaveordosth.2.Thisticketdoesnotentitleyoutotravelfirstclass.

對……享有權(quán)利；有權(quán)做某事返回第32頁/共67頁第三十二頁，共68頁。LanguagePointsliberal

(L.14)

2.Herparentsareveryliberalandallowheralotoffreedom.

1.Helikedtothinkofhimselfasaliberal.Examplen.開明的人a.opentonewideasa.generous

3.Sheisveryliberalwithhermoney.

返回第33頁/共67頁第三十三頁，共68頁。NotlongafterChristmaslastyear,Suzannecametoinspectmyapartmentandsawsomenewposterspastedonthewall."Where'dyougetthemoneyforthose?"shewantedtoknow."Friendsandfamily.""Well,you'dbetterhaveareceiptforit,byGod.Youhavetoreportanydonationsorgifts."

第34頁/共67頁第三十四頁，共68頁。

Thiswasmycuetobeg.Instead,Italkedback."Igotacigarettefromsomebodyonthestreettheotherday.DoIhavetoreportthat?""WellI'msorry,butIdon'tmaketherules,Mr.Callahan.Suzannetriestolecturemeaboutrepairstomywheelchair,whichisalwaysbreakingdownbecausewelfarewon'tspendthemoneymaintainingitproperly."Youknow,Mr.Callahan,I'veheardthatyouputalotmoremilesonthatwheelchairthanaverage."

第35頁/共67頁第三十五頁，共68頁。LanguagePointstolecturesb.aboutsth.

He'salwayslecturingmeaboutthewayIdress.

他總說我穿著不得體。Example就某事訓(xùn)斥某人返回第36頁/共67頁第三十六頁，共68頁。I'veheardthatyouputalotmoremilesonthatwheelchairthanaverage.(L.31)Meaning:I'veheardthatyouuseyourwheelchairmoreoftenthantheaverageclientsdo.Nowonderthat'swhyyourwheelchairisalwaysbreakingdown.

LanguagePoints返回第37頁/共67頁第三十七頁，共68頁。OfcourseIdo.I'manactiveworker,notavegetable.Iliveneardowntown,soIcangetaroundinawheelchair.Iwonderwhatshe'dthinkifshesuddenlybrokeherhipandhadtocrawltowork.Governmentcutsinwelfarehaveresultedinhungerandsufferingforalotofpeople,notjustme.Butpeoplewithspinalcordinjuriesfeltthecutsinauniqueway:Thegovernmentstoppedtakingcareofourchairs.Eachtimeminebrokedown,lostascrew,neededanewrollerbearing,thebrakewouldn'twork,etc.,andIcalledSuzanne,Ihadtoendurealittlelecture.Finally,she'dsay,"Well,ifIcanfindtimetoday,I'llcallthemedicalworker."

第38頁/共67頁第三十八頁，共68頁。

Shewassupposedtonotifythemedicalworker,whowouldcertifythattherewasaproblem.Thenthemedicalworkercalledthewheelchairrepaircompaniestogetthecheapestbid.Thenthemedicalworkeralertedthemainwelfareofficeatthestatecapital.TheyconsideredthematterfordayswhileIlayinbed,unabletomove.Finally,ifIwaslucky,theycalledbackandapprovedtherepair.WhenwelfarelearnedIwasmakingmoneyonmycartoons,Suzannestarted"visiting"everyfortnightinsteadofeverytwomonths.Shelookedintoeverycornerinsearchofunreportedappliances,ormaids,oraroastpigintheoven,oranewhelicopterparkedoutback.Sheneverfoundanything,buttherewasalwaysathickpileofformstofilloutattheendofeachvisit,accountingforeverypenny.第39頁/共67頁第三十九頁，共68頁。Thereisnoprovisioninthelawforagradualshiftawayfromwelfare.Iamanindependentbusinessman,slowlybuildingupmymarket.It'simpossibletojumpoffwelfareandsuddenlybemakingtwothousanddollarsamonth.ButIwouldlovetobeabletopayforsomeofmylivingandnothavetogothroughanembarrassingsituationeverytimeIneedasparepartformywheelchair.Thereneedstobealawyerwhocanactasachampionfortherightsofwelfareclients,becausethesystemsoeasilylendsitselftoabusebythewelfaregiversaswellasbytheclients.WelfaresentSuzannetolookaroundinmyapartmenttheotherdaybecausethechemistsaidIwasusingalargerthanusualamountofmedicalsupplies.Iwas,indeed:theholethathasbeensurgicallycuttodrainurinehadchangedsizeandtheconnectiontomyurinebagwasleaking.

第40頁/共67頁第四十頁，共68頁。Thereisnoprovision

inthelawforagradualshiftawayfromwelfare.(Para.14)Meaning:Thereisnotanitemoflawtoencouragewelfareclientstobegraduallyindependentofthewelfaresystem.逐漸脫離福利照顧LanguagePoints返回第41頁/共67頁第四十一頁，共68頁。LanguagePointstolendoneselfto…

(L.56)Someproblemsdonotlendthemselvestofinancialsolutions.Examplebeeasilyusedforaparticularactivityorresult適宜于；有助于Hervoicedoesn’tlenditselfwelltoblues.返回第42頁/共67頁第四十二頁，共68頁。Whileshewastakingnotes,myphonerangandSuzanneansweredit.Thecallerwasastatesenator,whichscaredSuzannealittle.WouldIsitonthegovernor'scommitteeandtrytodosomethingaboutthethousandsofwelfareclientswho,likeme,couldearnpartoralloftheirownlivingsiftheywereallowedtodoso,onestepatatime?Hell,yes,Iwould!Somedaypeoplelikemewillthriveunderanewsystemthatwillencouragethem,notseektoconvictthemofcheating.Theywillbefreetodeveloptheirtalentswithoutguiltorfear—orjustholdagood,steadyjob.第43頁/共67頁第四十三頁，共68頁。LanguagePointstoconvictsb.ofdoingsth.wrong

(L.66)Wehavenorighttoorderhimtoleaveschoolunlessthereisenoughevidencetoconvicthimofcheatingintheexam.我們無權(quán)勒令他退學(xué)，除非有足夠的證據(jù)證明他考試作弊。Exampledeclareguilty宣判…有罪；使…服罪Compare:accusesb.of；chargesb.with

第44頁/共67頁第四十四頁，共68頁。Idon’tthinkthatpoliticiancandrumupmuchsupportwithallhisspeeches.Therewereafewstickymomentsduringthemeeting.Thegovernmentistryingtokeepalowprofileonthisissue.Beingunemployedentitlesyoutofreemedicaltreatment.得到僵局低調(diào)使你有權(quán)LanguagePoints第45頁/共67頁第四十五頁，共68頁。Iherebycertify

thattheaboveinformationistrueandaccurate.Ananonymousletteralertedpolicetothepossibilityofaterroristattackattheairport.Youmustbealerttopossibledangers.Thereseemstobeanelectricalproblem.I’llgetsomeonetolookintoit.證明向……報(bào)警

警惕檢查LanguagePoints第46頁/共67頁第四十六頁，共68頁。Howdoyouaccountforthissuddendisappearanceofallthemoney?

Somenovelsquitereadilylendthemselvestoadaptationasplays;othersdonot.Thejuryconvicted

theaccusedmanoftheft.Therewasn’tenoughevidencetoconvicthim.解釋適合宣判有罪證明有罪L(fēng)anguagePoints第47頁/共67頁第四十七頁，共68頁。Youarelegallyentitledtotakefaultygoodsbacktothestorewhereyoupurchasedthem,butyouaresupposedtoaccountforwhyyouwanttodoso.1.從法律上說，你完全可以將質(zhì)量不過關(guān)的商品退還給那家商店，但是應(yīng)該解釋清楚為什么。tobeentitledtodolegallytoaccountforTranslation第48頁/共67頁第四十八頁，共68頁。Youonlyneedtofilloutaformtogetyourmembership,whichentitlesyoutoadiscountongoods.2.你只需填寫一張表格就取得了會員資格，它可以使你在買東西時(shí)享受打折的優(yōu)惠。

tofilloutaformtoentitleyoutoadiscountongoodsTranslation第49頁/共67頁第四十九頁，共68頁。3.一年前,那位汽車經(jīng)銷商(dealer)以優(yōu)質(zhì)服務(wù)來招攬顧客,如今他的生意已十分紅火。

byofferinggoodservicesOneyearago,thecardealertriedtodrumupbuyersbyofferinggoodservices.Now,hisbusinessisthriving.

todrumupbuyersbusinessbethrivingTranslation第50頁/共67頁第五十頁，共68頁。4.這樁刑事案件經(jīng)過仔細(xì)調(diào)查后，他被證明犯了謀殺罪。Thecrimewaslookedintocarefullybeforehewasconvictedofmurder.tolookintocarefullytobeconvictedofmurderTranslation第51頁/共67頁第五十一頁，共68頁。5.我的車子在高速公路上拋錨后,我打電話向高速公路巡邏隊(duì)(theFreewayServicePatrol)求助,20分鐘后他們幫我解了圍,留下了一張150美元的收據(jù)。IcalledtheFreewayServicePatrolforhelpaftermycarbrokedownonthefreeway.Twentyminuteslater,theycametomyrescueandlefta$150receipt.tobreakdowntocometomyrescuetocall…forhelpTranslation第52頁/共67頁第五十二頁，共68頁。6.由于面臨失業(yè)的危險(xiǎn)，這些工人只好接受了管理部門的意見，重新回去工作。toyieldto…Facedwiththethreatoflosingtheirjobs,theseworkersyieldedtothemanagement’sadviceandwentbacktowork.tobefacedwith…Translation第53頁/共67頁第五十三頁，共68頁。7.拐走孩子的那名中年男子向男孩的父親敲詐了兩萬美金，來補(bǔ)償他公司的損失。Themiddle-agedmanwhotooktheboybledthefatherfor$20,000asacompensationforthelossofhiscompany.

asacompensationforthelosstobleedsb.for…Translation第54頁/共67頁第五十四頁，共68頁。8.這個靠救濟(jì)過日子的人開始慢慢地建立了自己的市場，生意日漸興隆。Themanlivingonwelfarebegantosetuphisownmarket,onestepatatimeandhisbusinessisthriving.themanlivingonwelfarebusinessbethrivingonestepatatimeTranslation第55頁/共67頁第五十五頁，共68頁。Pre-readingActivitiesTextUnderstandingLanguagePoints123UnitThreeSummary45Writing第56頁/共67頁第五十六頁，共68頁。Summary

Lifeinawheelchairis_____.Livingonwelfareisjustlikesharingadinnerofrawpetfood____thecat.Manywelfareclientsdonothavemoneyto___adecentlife.__________,lyingandcheatingthewelfaresystem___extramoneybecomesnormal.However,someunusualindividuals,whohave____________tolivealifeofcompletehonesty,do___thetruthtocaseworkersand______anyextraincometheymake.Beinghonest,however,isnot_______itsproblems.Caseworkerswillgreatly_______thefrequencyoftheirvisitsandleave______asmalltoughwithliveAsaresultformadeachoicetellwithoutdeclareincreasebehind第57頁/共67頁第五十七頁，共68頁。Summarymountainofpaperwork___theclienttofill___.Therulessaythatnotapennyistobe__________for.___asinglegift,_____________small,istobeunreported.Theserulesandthenaturalconsequentlying____________tendtotransformcaseworkers____beinghelpersofthepoor__beingdetectivesconstantly_________foranyformsofcheating.foroutunaccountedNotnomatterhowunfortunatelyfromtosearching第58頁/共67頁第五十八頁，共68頁。Pre-readingActivitiesTextUnderstandingLanguagePoints123UnitThreeSummary45Writing第59頁/共67頁第五十九頁，共68頁。

Fastfood快餐在中國十分流行，它是現(xiàn)代快節(jié)奏社會的最佳反映。a快餐受歡迎有兩條原因；

b然而，從營養(yǎng)角度講，快餐卻差強(qiáng)人意。3.對快餐還是以偶爾品嘗為宜。Writing第60頁/共67頁第六十頁，共68頁。FastFood

FastfoodisbecomingmoreandmorepopularinChina,especiallyamongchildrenandteenagers.Today,itis

ratherdifficulttofindanotherthingthatsymbolizesthefastpaceofmodernlifeaspowerfulasfastfood.Forthepopularityoffastfood,therearemainlytworeasons.

Foronething,itisconvenientandsavesthecustomermuchtime.Youjustneedgointoafastfoodrestaurant,orderyourfood,andyourfoodwillbeservedinnotime.YoucaneithereatitthereorWriting第61頁/共67頁第六十一頁，共68頁。Writingtakeitaway.Foranother,atfastfoodrestaurants,The