2023屆高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)自選訓(xùn)練 閱讀理解43

第頁2023屆高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)自選訓(xùn)練閱讀理解43ManyJapanesenevertaketheirvacationstheyshouldenjoy,butwiththecomingof“GoldenWeek〞,aseries(系列)ofholidaysfollowingoneafteranotherinlateAprilandearlyMay,theypouroutofthecountrybytensofthousands.ThemostpopularplacetheygotoisHawaii,butHongKong,Singapore,SouthKoreaandTaiwanarealsofavoured.ThetypicalJapaneseabroad,asitisreported,travelforaboutaweekandspends,asaverage,$2,800onairlinetickets,hotelsandgiftsforfriendsandrelatives.Itmayseemhigh,butit’scheapfortheJapanese,whowouldhavetospendalotmoreiftheyspendaweektouring(makingajourney)theirowncountry.1.ManyJapanese_______.A.don’tenjoytakingvacations B.enjoytouringinGoldenWeekC.don’thavevacations D.enjoystayingathome2.TheperiodinlateAprilandearlyMayiscalledGoldenWeekbecause_______.A.theweekismadeofgolddaysB.itiswarmforpeopletotourC.holidayscomeoneafteranotherinthisperiodD.itisstillspringthen3.Whichofthefollowingistrue?A.TheJapaneseneverenjoytravellingmorethanoneweek.B.TheJapaneselikebesttotraveltosomepartintheU.S.byair.C.TravellingathomecostlessthanabroadfortheJapanese.D.HawaiiisthemostbeautifulplacetovisitinAsia.4.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.VacationsfortheJapaneseB.CostsofTravellinginJapanC.PlacestheJapaneseEnjoyTravellingtoD.JapaneseinGoldenWeek【答案與解析】本文報道了日本人黃金周的活動情況。1.B。細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第1句后面的并列分句…theypouroutofthecountrybytensofthousands可推知此題答案為B。2.C。細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第1句后面的并列分句aseries(系列)ofholidaysfollowingoneafteranother可推知此題答案為C。3.B。細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第2句ThemostpopularplacetheygotoisHawaii及后面的$2,800onairlinetickets可推知此題答案為B。4.D。主旨題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，就可以很容易推出答案為D。***********************************************************結(jié)束Scientistsaredevelopinganewkindofmachinetotaketheplaceofhumans.Thesemachinescandojobsinplacesthataretoodangerousforhumans.Forexample,theyarebeingdevelopedtoworkinnuclearpowercenter,deepundertheoceansandinouterspace.JohnMarrit,apsychologist(心理學(xué)家)inWilliamsburgMassachusetts,helpeddevelopthenewmachine.Thisishowtheywork.Amachineisplacedinanareafarawayfromthepersonwhooperatesit.Thepersonwearsspecialhardhatwithtelevisionscreensandsoundequipment.Thescreensandsoundequipmentletthepersonseeandhearexactlywhatthemachineisseeingandhearing.Mr.Marritsaysthisgivesthepersonthefeelingofbeinginthesameplaceasthemachine.Theidea,hesays,isbeingtherewithoutgoingthere.Thepersonusesanelectroniccontroltomakethemachinemove.Themachinecopiestheperson’smovementsexactly.Ifthepersonraiseshisrightarm,themachineraisestherightarm,too.Thismeansanexpertcandoadangerousjobwhilestayinginthesafeplace.Forexample,apersoncandirectthemachinetodestroyabombwithoutgoingnearthebombhimself.1.Thenewkindofmachinebeingintroducedinthepassageis_______.A.inexistence

B.onlyanideaC.beingtriedout

D.beingresearchedanddeveloped2.Themachine_______.A.followstheperson’sorder

B.iscontrolledbyacomputerC.doesexactlywhatthepersondoes

D.iscontrolledbyatelevisionontheperson’shead3.Thedifferencebetweensuchanewmachineandarobotisthat_______.A.thenewmachineismoredifficulttomakethanarobot

B.thenewmachineismoredifficulttobecontrolled

C.arobotiscontrolledbymanindirectlyD.arobotcan’tbeusedinplacestoodangerousorfaraway【答案與解析】科學(xué)家正在開發(fā)一種代替人的機器，這種機器能代替人們從事一些危險的工作。1.D。判斷題。從第1句話Scientistsaredevelopinganewkindofmachinetotaketheplaceofhumans可以看出，既然是正在開發(fā)當(dāng)中，那肯定還未形成。2.C。語義理解題。從第2段中的Themachinecopiestheperson’smovementsexactly可以明顯看出為什么選C的原因。A項有一定的干擾性，但這種機器是人通過電控開關(guān)控制的，所以應(yīng)排除。3.A。判斷題。這種機器還在開發(fā)當(dāng)中，而機器人那么有幾十年歷史了，由此可以肯定答案應(yīng)該選A。*********************************************************結(jié)束HoneybeesHoneybeescandothreekindsofjobs.Thehoneybeeisoneofthemostunusualinsectsintheworld.Beesarespecialbecausetheydivideuptheirwork.Eachbeehasacertainjobtodo.Thebusiestbeeistheworker.Workersbuildthenest,calledahive.Insidethehive,workersmakeahoneycombfromwax(蜂蠟).Theystorehoneythereforfood.Workersarealwayscleaningandfixingthehive.Theyevenstandattheopeningandfantheirwingstocoolthehive.Workerbeeswillattackanything—evenpeople—tokeeptheirhivesafe.Anotherkindofbeeisthedrone(雄蜂).Dronesaremalebees,andtheirjobistoflywiththequeenbeeandmatewithher.Afterthequeenmates,theworkerbeesdrivethedronesaway.Thedronesthenstarvetodeath.Thethirdkindofbeeisthequeen.Eachhiveneedsonlyonequeen,andherjobislayingeggs.Shecanlayasmanyas2,000eggsaday.1.Thebee’snestiscalleda_______.A.drone B.honeycomb C.hive D.wax2.Waxisusedtomakethe_______.A.nest B.honeycomb C.fan D.hive3.Whichjobsdoworkersdo?A.Theylay2,000eggseachdayandbuildanest.B.Theymatewiththequeenbeeandthenstarve.C.Theycleanthehiveandkeepitcool.D.Theyattackthequeenbee.4.Accordingtothestory,bees_______.A.areverydangerousinsectsB.willattackanythingoranyonetoprotectthehive,ifnecessaryC.arelikeanyotherinsectthatfliesD.eateachotherasfood5.Thedroneisdrivenawaywhenitsjobisfinished,because_______.A.itattackedtheworkersB.itisnolongerneededinthehiveC.thequeenbeehasdiedD.itatethequeenbee【答案與解析】本文介紹了蜜蜂社會的分工及生活情況。1.C。細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)句子Workersbuildthenest,calledahive可推知此題答案為C。2.B。細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)句子Insidethehive,workersmakeahoneycombfromwax可推知此題答案為B。3.C。細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第3段第3句和第4兩句工蜂總是清掃蜂房，用翅膀扇涼蜂房可推知此題答案為C。4.B。細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第3段最后一句：工蜂為了保護蜂房的平安會對包括人類在內(nèi)的任何東西進(jìn)行攻擊。由此可推知此題答案為B。5.B。推斷題。根據(jù)文章第4段所說雄蜂的工作就是跟蜂后交配，任務(wù)完成后，它已無存在的必要，于是，就被工蜂趕走餓死。由此可推知此題答案為B。********************************************************結(jié)束Americandoctorssaythatmotherswhosmokecigarettesbeforetheirbabiesarebornmayslowthegrowthoftheirbabies’lungs.Theysayreducedlunggrowthcouldcausethebabiestosufferbreathingproblemsandlungdiseaselaterinlife.DoctorsinBoston,Anotherrecentstudyfoundthatchildrenhadagreaterchanceofdevelopinglungcanceriftheirmotherssmoked.Thestudyalsoshowedthatthedangeroflungcancerincreasedonlyforsonsandnotfordaughters,andthatthefather’ssmokingdidnotaffectachild’schanceofdevelopinglungcancer1.Motherwhosmokesbeforeherchildisbornmay_______.A.slowthegrowthofherbaby’slungB.causeherbabytosufferbreathingproblemsandlungdiseaselaterinlifeC.makeherchilddeveloplungcancerD.Allofaboveareright2.DoctorsinBostonstudied1100childrento_______.A.examinewhetherthesechildrenwerehealthyB.findoutwhethertheirmothershadsmokedC.findwhythesechildrensufferedbreathingproblemsandlungdiseaseD.lookintotheeffectthatmother’ssmokinghadontheirchildren3.SupposeJohn’sfatherwasaheavysmoker,sowasMary’smother.Accordingthispassage,_______.A.