GIS專業(yè)英語完整版本

ProfessionalEnglishforGeographicInformationSystem1最新課件IncreasetheabilityofusingEnglishtoreadprofessionalbooksImprovetheuseofEnglishinthecapacityofprofessionalandacademicexchangesGraspthethreadsandtrendsofthesameprofessionaldevelopmentabroadTeachingPurposesandFocusonCourses2最新課件TeachingMethodandPeriodArrangementBlackboardteachingmultimediaClassroomdiscussion32Period3最新課件AssessmentmethodsAttendance+Classroomperformance30%Classroomdiscussion40%Theassignments30%4最新課件PartⅠTheBasicConceptofGISChapterOutlinePoints1WhatIsGIS?Points2ComponentsofGISPoints3GISFunctioncomponentsPoints4ABriefHistoryofGISPoints5RelationshipofGIStootherfields5最新課件Points1WhatIsGIS?Computersystemforcapturingstoringqueryinganalyzinganddisplayinggeographicallyreferenceddata.6最新課件Figure1GISsystemDatasourceRealWorldSpatialDatabaseUserGISsystemCapturingSpatialdataSpatialdataInputSpatialdataManagementDecisionSupportSolveSpatiallyReferencedProblems7最新課件GeographicallyReferencedDataAlsocalledgeospatialdataDescribebothlocationsandcharacteristicsofspatialfeaturesNote:AbilitytoprocessgeographicallyreferenceddatadistinguishesGISfromotherinformationsystems.8最新課件GeographicallyReferencedData1.

SpatialData2.AttributeData3.JoiningSpatialandAttributeData9最新課件1.SpatialDataDescribeslocationCoordinatesystemMapprojection10最新課件2.AttributeDataCharacteristicsofspatialfeatures-Non-spatialattributesofthosefeatures11最新課件3.JoiningSpatialandAttributeDataRelationaldatabaseGeorelationaldatamodelObject-baseddatamodel12最新課件Points2ComponentsofaGISPeopleHardwareSoftwareDataMethodsFigure2ComponentsofGIS13最新課件1.

Hardware:

Includingvarioushardwaredevices,thematerialfoundationtoachievesystemfunctions.2.Software:

ComputerSystemtoSupportdatacollection,storage,processing,andanswertheusers’question.

3.SpatialData:

Theobjectofanalysisandprocessing,Constituteabasisfortheapplication.4.People:

GISClients,dividedintogeneralusersandseniorusersintheestablishment,maintenance,managementandrenewalofGIS.

14最新課件PrinterMonitorPlotterScannerDigitalizingInstrumentMappingAnalysisInstrumentSurveyingInstrumentGPSHOSTStorageDevicesNetworkFigure3GISHardware1.Hardware15最新課件TheheartofthesystemfortheimplementationofthevariousoperationsofGISfunctions,includingdatainput,processing,databasemanagement,spatialanalysisandgraphicaluserinterface(GUI).Inaccordancewithitsfunction,Itisdividedinto:(1)GISProfessionalSoftware.(2)DatabaseSoftware.(3)SystemsManagementSoftware,etc.Withitshierarchicalstructurebelow:2.Software16最新課件

HardwareGISGUIGISDatabaseOperatingSystemGISPlatformSoftwareGISApplicationSoftwareFigure4HierarchicalSurctureofGISSoftware17最新課件(1)GISProfessionalSoftwareGenerallyreferstocommonGISsoftwarewithavarietyoffunctions,whichcontainsVariousadvancedfeaturesdealingwithgeographicalinformation.Itcanbeusedasaplatformforotherapplicationsystem.

18最新課件Representativeproducts:

NameDevelopmentUnitsARC/INFOUnitedStatesEnvironmentalSystemsResearchInstitute（ESRI）MapInfoUnitedStatesMapInfoCorporationGeoMediaUnitedStatesINTERGRAPH(鷹圖)CorporationTitanGISCanadaApolloTechnologyGroup,BeijingOrientalTitanTechnologyCo.,Ltd.Abroad:19最新課件Domestic:NameDevelopmentUnitsMAPGISChinaUniversityofGeosciencesFacultyofInformationEngineering,WUHANZHONGDIInformationEnginerring

Co.,Ltd.

GeoStarWudaGeoinformaticsCo.,Ltd.SuperMapGISBeijingSuperMapGISTechnologies,Inc.

GeoBeansBeijingZhongYaoDiWangInformationTechnologyCo.,Ltd.Representativeproducts:

20最新課件

Generallycontainthefollowingcoremodules:DatainputandeditSpatialdatamanagement

Dataoutput

UserinterfaceAbilitytodevelopasecondarysystem21最新課件(2)DatabaseSoftwareESRIPersonaldatabase(mdb)SDE(sdefororacle|mysql|sqlserver)OraclespatialMysqlspatialPostgreSQL+PostGIS22最新課件(3)SystemManagementSoftwareWindowsUNIXLinux23最新課件全球服務(wù)器端操作系統(tǒng)市場份額(按銷售收入)24最新課件Points3FunctionalElementsDataAcquisitionandEditingDatastorageandmanagementDataprocessingandtransformationSpatialAnalysisandStatisticsPruductProducingandDisplayingSecondaryDevelopmentandProgrammingResourceManagementRegionalPlanningHomelandmonitoringAidedDecisionGISFunctionFundamentalFunctionApplicationFunction25最新課件Points4ABriefHistoryofGISThedevelopmentofGISdependsonthedevelopmentofcomputertechnology,especiallythedevelopmentofcomputergraphics.

26最新課件GISgerminatedintheearly1960s,bytheCanadaRogerF.TomlinsonandtheUnitedStatesDuaneF.Marbleindifferentplacesfromdifferentangles.Theformeraimedatlanduse,establishedtheCanadaGeographicInformationSystem(CGIS)atCanadaLandSurveyBureau,whilethelatterresearchonlarge-scaleurbantransportattheNorthwesternUniversityoftheUnitedStates,andproposedtheestablishmentofGISsoftwaresystemsthinking.27最新課件SeeingfromGISdevelopmenthistory,advancestoahigherleveleverydecade:1960s：Pioneeringstageofdevelopment.Computer-aidedMapping,andAnalysisofOperator1970s：Consolidationphase.Largecapacity,graphicalHCI(Human-ComputerInteraction)1980s：Breakthroughstage.MicrocomputerGISsoftwareproducts,applicationextended.1990s：Socializationstage.Spatialinformationindustry,WebGIS21thCentury：SpatialInformationInfrastructure(SII).DigitalCity,DigitalEarth28最新課件Points5RelationshipofGIStootherfields29最新課件TheHighlyIntegrated3STechnology

TheintegratedapplicationsofGPS,GISandRS,constituteawhole,real-timeanddynamicEarthobservation,analysisandapplicationoperatingsystem.Theinteractionbetweenthethreeformeda‘onebrain,twoeyes’framework,namely,RSandGPSprovideorupdatetheregionalinformationandspatiallocationforGIS.AndGISdoesthecorrespondingspatialanalysis,toextractusefulinformationfromabroadarrayofdataprovidedbyRSandGPS