人教版八年級上英語知識點及習題

RevisedfinaldraftNovember26,2020RevisedfinaldraftNovember26,2020人教版八年級上英語知識點及習題Unit3I'mmoreoutgoingthanmysister.重點短語1.moreoutgoing更外向2.As…as…與…一樣…3.thesingingcompetition唱歌比賽4.besimilarto與…相像的/類似的5.thesameas和…相同；與…一致6.bedifferentfrom與…不同7.careabout關(guān)心；介意8.belikeamirror像一面鏡子9.themostimportant最重要的10.aslongas只要；既然11.bringout使顯現(xiàn)；使表現(xiàn)出12.getbettergrades取得更好的成績13.reachfor伸手取14.infact事實上；實際上15.makefriends交朋友16.theother其他的17.touchone’sheart感動某人18.betalentedinmusic有音樂天賦19.begoodat擅長…20.begoodwith善于與…相處havefundoingsth.享受做某事的樂趣22.begoodatdoingsth擅長做某事23.makesb.dosth.讓某人做某事24.wanttodosth.想要做某事25.as+adj./adv.的原級+as與…一樣…26.It’s+adj.+forsb.todosth.對某人來說，做某事……的。二、重點句子1.HehasshorterhairthanSam.他的頭發(fā)比薩姆的短。than比……（用于形容詞，副詞的比較級之后）當兩個人或者物進行比較時，要用形容詞的比較級。“比較級+than”表示“比......更......”。一般形容詞或副詞的比較級是在詞后加-er。但要注意比較的對象。如：IamtallerthanJim.我比吉姆高。HishairisshorterthanSam’s.他的頭發(fā)比薩姆的短。Thisbookismoreinterestingthanthatone.這本書比那本書有趣。形容詞和副詞的比較級、最高級大多數(shù)形容詞和副詞有三個等級：1）原級（不作比較），修飾詞very,so,too,pretty,really；比較級，表示“較……”或“更……”的意思（兩者之間進行比較）,標志詞than,AorB,ofthetwo,修飾詞much,alot,alittle；最高級，表示“最……”的意思（三者或三者以上作比較），形容詞最高級前面一般要加定冠詞the，后面可帶in（of）短語來什么比較的范圍。形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高級規(guī)則變化：構(gòu)成方法原級比較級最高級單音節(jié)詞和部分雙音節(jié)詞一般在詞尾加-er或-esthighshorthighershorterhighestshortest以字母e詞尾的詞，加-r或-stlatefinelaterfinestlatestfinest重讀閉音節(jié)詞詞尾只有一個輔音字母時，先雙寫輔音字母，再加-er或-esthotbigthinfathotterbiggerthinnerfatterhottestbiggestthinnestfattest以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞，先把“y”改為“i”，再加-er或-estfunnyeasyearlyfunniereasierearlierfunniesteasiestearliest多音節(jié)詞和部分雙音節(jié)詞在詞前加more或mostbeautifulathleticoutgoingmorebeautifulmoreathleticmoreoutgoingmostbeautifulmostathleticmostoutgoing形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高級不規(guī)則變化：原級比較級最高級good/wellbetterbestbad/badlyworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther（更遠）further（更深遠）farthest(最遠)furthest（最深遠）2.反意疑問句①肯定陳述句＋否定提問如：Lilyisastudent,isn’tshe?

LilywillgotoChina,won’tshe

②否定陳述句＋肯定提問如：Shedoesn’tcomefromChina,doesshe

Youhaven’tfinishedhomework,haveyou

③提問部分用代詞而不用名詞如：Lilyisastudent,isn’tshe

④陳述句中含有否定意義的詞，如little,few,never,nothing,hardly等。其反意疑問句用肯定式。如：HeknowslittleEnglish,doeshe他一點也不懂英語，不是嗎Theyhardlyunderstoodit,didthey他們幾乎不明白，不是嗎3.No,Iamalittletallerthanher.alittle,muchalotabit,far,any,no等可以+比較級TaraworksashardasTina.塔拉學習跟蒂娜一樣努力?！?..（not）as+形容詞或副詞原級+as...”是一種原級比較，意思為“......和......(不)一樣”。...notas+形容詞或副詞原級+as...表示雙方在某個方面不同。如：HisEnglishisnotasgoodashers.他英語不如她的好。Hedoesn’tworkashardashisbrother.他沒有他哥哥工作努力。as+形容詞或副詞原級+as表示雙方在某個方面一樣。如：Sheisastallasme.她跟我一樣高。Irunasfastashedoes.我跑得跟他一樣快。辨析beat/win相同點：都是動詞，表示“贏”不同：beat+人/win+比賽，競賽，戰(zhàn)爭等名詞。如：Weplayedverywell,andbeatthem.我們發(fā)揮得很好，擊敗了他們。Theywonthematchthistime.這次他們贏了這場比賽。careabout意為“關(guān)心；在意”，期中care是動詞如：Weshouldcareabouttheoldpeople.我們應該關(guān)心老年人。HYPERLINKcarefor表示“喜歡”，“關(guān)心”之意，后接名詞或v-ing形式作賓語，takecareof也有這個意思。Hecarednothingforskating.他對滑冰沒有興趣。Inourclass,wecareforeachother.在我們班上，我們相互關(guān)心。Mariatakesgoodcareofeverybody.瑪麗亞很關(guān)心大家?！居亚殒溄印縞arefor還可以表示“照顧”，“照料”，相當于takecareof或lookafter。Atnighthefedandcaredforthecattle.夜里他照料牲口，給牲口喂食。Youmustcareforyourselves.=Youmustlookafteryourselves.你們要照顧好自己。Thechildrenarewellcaredforinthenurseries.=Thechildrenaretakengoodcareofinthenurseries.孩子們在托兒所受到很好的照顧。7.Ithinkagoodfriendmakesmelaugh.我認為好朋友能使我開心。牢記：makesb.dosth.使某人做某事make+賓語+形容詞使某人/某事怎樣如：Ourteachermakesusworktenhoursaday我們老師讓我們一天學習10個小時。Hiswordsmakeushappy.他的話使我們感到很高興。8.laughatsb.笑話；取笑（某人）如：Don’tlaughatme!不要取笑我!9.They’rebothtall.他們兩個都是高個子。bothadj./pron./adv.兩個都……用在be動詞后，行為動詞前。Youarebothtooyoung./TheybothspeakEnglish.Bothof…..+名詞復數(shù)（復數(shù)謂語）Bothoftheflowersarebeautiful.兩朵花都很漂亮。both…and…兩者都……（復數(shù)謂語）反義詞組：neither…nor…兩者都不……（謂語單復數(shù)按照就近原則）【友情鏈接】both與allboth指代兩者；all指代三者或三者以上如：Myparentsarebothfine。我父母都好。Weareallhere。我們都在這兒。beike意為“像”，這里的like是介詞。如：Sheislikehermother。她長得像他媽媽。like做動詞，意為“喜歡”，構(gòu)成短語likesth.喜歡某物likesb.喜歡某人liketodosth.喜歡做某事如：Iliketohavefriendswhoarelikeme.我喜歡交像我一樣的朋友。likediongsth.11.need是動詞，需要。needsth.需要……Plantneedswater。needtodosth.需要做……Youdidn’tneedtotellhimthenews，itjustmadehimsadneeddoingsth.=needtobedone需要被怎么樣Flowersneedwatering?！就卣埂縩eed作情態(tài)動詞時，后面+動詞原形，意思是必要，必須。這時need多用于疑問句，否定句或條件狀語從句中。如：Youneedn’ttalksoloud.你不必這么大聲說話。Aslongas只要；既然。如：Youdon’tneedalotoffriendsaslongasthey’regood.你不需要很多朋友，只要他們好就可以了。12.It’snotnecessarytobethesame.完全一樣是沒有必要的。It’s+adj.+forsb.+todosth.It是形式主語，todosth.是真正主語。意為“某人做某事怎么樣”如：Itiseasyformetomakefriends.我交朋友很容易。13.Myfriendisthesameasme.我的朋友和我一樣。bethesameas…“和……一樣”。反義詞組：bedifferentfrom…“與.......不同的”如：Mybikeisdifferentfromyours.=Mybikeisnotthesameasyours.我的系行車和你的不一樣。serious意為“嚴肅的；認真的；嚴重的”beseriousaboutsth.如：Hewasseriousaboutthematter.他對那件事很認真。beseriouswithsb.如：There’snothingmuchseriouswithyou.對你來說沒那么嚴重。touchone’sheart感動某人betalentedinmusic有音樂天賦However意為“然而；但是”，表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，與but意義相同，但but一般謂語句首，而however比較正式，可位于句首、句中或句末，且常用都好隔開。如：Youdidn’tfinishyourhomework.Youcan,however,doitnow.你還沒有完成家庭作業(yè)，但是現(xiàn)在你可以寫了。hard-working意為“努力的”其比較級為morehard-working意為“更努力”，lesshard-working意為“不努力”。besimilarto...意為“與......相似”。(注意與bethesameas區(qū)別)如：Mypenissimilartoyours.我的鋼筆和你的相似。I.根據(jù)句意及首字母提示補全單詞（10分）。1.Mymothertoldmeagoodfriendislikeam.2.IwasapschoolstudentwhenIwassevenyearsold.3.Hestillwenttoschoolontimethedidn’tfeelwellyesterday.4.Atruefriendreachesforyourhandandtouchesyourh.5.Hewassofunnythatheoftenmakeshisfriendsl.6.It’snforstudentstofinishhomeworkontime.7.Aliceisanogirl.Shelikestostaywithherfriendsandenjoystalking.8.Kimistallerthisbrother.9.BhisparentslikeEnglishverymuch.10.Mymathsteacherisverys.Heneverlaughsinclass.II.根據(jù)句意用所給單詞的適當形式填空。（10分）1.Heis(funny)thantheotherstudentsinhisclass.2.Theboyenjoys(swim)verymuch.3.Hedoesn’tlikesinging,butheisgoodat(dance)4.Didyouhavefun(learn)something?

5.Nellypracticed(dance)alotmorethanLisa.6.Hismotheroftenmakeshim(clean)hisroomonweekends.7.Lisapracticedalotmoreandwanted(win).8.It’snecessaryforus(learn)Englishwell.9.Heis(different)fromhisbrother.Theyhavesome(different).10.I’m(good)atphysicsthanmysister.III.句型轉(zhuǎn)換（每空0.5分，共15分）1.Ilikesinging.Mysisterlikessinging,too.(合并為一個句子)MysisterandIsinging.2.Sueistwelveyearsold.Ginaisfourteenyearsold.(合并一個句子)SueisGina.GinaisSue.Sueisn’tGina.Ginaisn’tSue.3.Ithinkheisgoodatplayingsoccer.(改為否定句)Ihegoodatplayingsoccer.4.Johnenjoysswimming.Peterenjoysswimming,too.(合并為一句)JohnPeterswimming.5.Jimistwelveyearsold.Timistwelveyearsold,too.(合并為一句)JimisTim.6.Huangleiisn’tgoodattennisasLarry.(同義句)LarryisHunagLei.7.TheEnglishStududyCenterneedsaweekendstudenthelperforprimaryschoolstudent.(提問)theEnglishStudyCenterforprimaryschoolstudent?

8.LarryworksharderthanHuangLei.(改為否定句)LarryharderthanHuangLei.IV.選擇填空（25分）()1.SheistalentedmusicbutIamgoodsports.A.in,atB.at,inC.at,atD.in,in()2.LiHua’sshoesareas_______asZhangHui’s.A.cheapB.cheaperC.thecheaper()3..—Areyourelaxingyourselfhere

—Yes.Itis_______towalkslowlyalongtheriver.A.fantasticB.boringC.BadD.terrible()4.It’sveryimportantforhimmelaugh.A.tomakeB.makingC.makesD.made()5._________youdon’tgiveup(放棄)，yourdreamswillcometrue.A.AslongasB.AssoonasC.AswellasD.Asoftenas()6.Sheissimilarhermother.A.toB.withC.ofD.in()7.Idon’treallycareifmyfriendsarethesamemeordifferentme.A.as,asB.from,fromC.as,fromD.from,as()8.Ifyouwanttobeastudenthelper,pleasecallhim443—5667.A.atB.inC.ofD.on()9.Thisismyfriend.HeislessoutgoingthanIam.A.muchB.muchmoreC.moreD.very()10.MrBeanenjoysjokesandoftenmakesus.A.totell,tolaughB.tells,laughC.telling,laughD.telling,laughing()11.Taraandhersisterquietandtheysports.A.areboth,bothlikeB.areboth,likebothC.bothare,bothlikeD.bothare,likeboth()12.Ifyouwanttobeastudenthelper,youmustbegoodchildren.A.atB.withC.forD.in()13.heisveryyoung,hecandomanythings.A.Though,butB.Though,/C./,thoughD.But,though()14.Tomcanplaydrums,butSamcanplaytennis.A.the,theB.the,/C./,theD./,/()15.Lily’sbooksarenewthan.A.weB.usC.ourD.ours()16.—HaveyouseenthefunnymovieLettheBulletFly

—Yes，itmademe___________manytimes.A.laughB.cryC.SleepD.sing()17.It’simportant_________us__________Englishwell.A.of;learningB.for;tolearnC.Of;tolearnD.or;learning()18.BettyandMaryarein_________school，buttheyarein__________Classes.A.same;differentB.same;thedifferentC.thesame;thedifferentD.thesame;different()19.—Let’sgoshoppingatthenewmall.—Whynotshoponline

It’s____.A.expensiveB.moreexpensiveC.LessexpensiveD.lesscheapest()20.Now,somerobots(機器人)are____________todothesamethings______people..A.enoughsmart;asB.enoughsmart;forC,smartenough;asD:smartenough;with()21.Heis__________outgoingstudentlonghair..A.a,with,B.an,withC.a,ofD.an,of()22.Thefantasticmusicmadethestudents______relaxed.A.feelB.feelsC.feltD,tofeel()23.Someonesays“Timeismoney.“ButIthinktimeis_________importantthanMoney.A.leastB.MuchC.evenmoreD.muchleast()24.Myfriendlikessingingandtalkingwithothers.ButIoftenstayathometowatchTV.Somyfriendis________thanme.A.quieterB.moreseriousC.moreoutgoingD.morewilder()25,ThegirlshorterhairisLisa.A.hasB.haveC.withD.andV.完形填空（15分）AnEnglishtravellerfoundthathehadonly1tobuytheticke