考研考博-英語(yǔ)-新疆師范高等專(zhuān)科學(xué)?？荚囇侯}卷含答案詳解1

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-新疆師范高等專(zhuān)科學(xué)?？荚囇侯}卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Somepeoplecomplaindoctorsfor

toomanymedicinesforminorillnesses.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.advising

B.delivering

C.ordering

D.prescribing

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。Advise“建議”；deliver“交付；遞送”；order“命令”；prescribe“開(kāi)藥方”。句意：一些人抱怨醫(yī)生總是給小病開(kāi)很多藥。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

2.單選題

Ifyouplaywithelectricity,youmaygetanelectric______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.strike

B.beat

C.shock

D.knock

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)strike“擊，打，踢；打擊”；B選項(xiàng)beat“有規(guī)律的敲擊（聲）；（音樂(lè)、詩(shī)歌等的）節(jié)拍”；C選項(xiàng)shock“電擊”，electricshock；D選項(xiàng)knock“敲，擊；（常為無(wú)意地）碰，撞”。句意：如果你玩弄電，就可能會(huì)______。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，這里指被電打到，C選項(xiàng)shock“電擊”符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

3.單選題

AttemptstousesophisticatedIT-basedsystemstohelptosolvetheproblemoftenseemmerelyto________it.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.aggravate

B.deviate

C.emphasize

D.simplify

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.aggravate加重，使惡化B.deviate偏離，違背

C.emphasize強(qiáng)調(diào)，著重D.simplify簡(jiǎn)化，使簡(jiǎn)易

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析。

【解題思路】本句主語(yǔ)為“試圖（Attempts）使用基于信息技術(shù)的復(fù)雜系統(tǒng)”，使用這種系統(tǒng)的目的為“來(lái)幫助解決問(wèn)題（solvetheproblem）”。空格處與下文的it構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓邏輯，it指代的是“problem（問(wèn)題）”，表示這種嘗試會(huì)對(duì)問(wèn)題的解決造成什么結(jié)果?！癿erely（只是，只不過(guò)）”說(shuō)明使用復(fù)雜系統(tǒng)并不能幫助解決問(wèn)題，可進(jìn)一步推斷出反而會(huì)導(dǎo)致問(wèn)題加重。aggravate指使糟糕或不愉快的情況惡化，因此A選項(xiàng)aggravate“加重，使惡化”最符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)deviate“偏離，違背”指以不同于通常或預(yù)期的方式做某事，題干說(shuō)的是“使問(wèn)題惡化”，而不是“偏離原來(lái)的做法”；

C選項(xiàng)emphasize“強(qiáng)調(diào)，著重”指表示某事特別重要或特別引人注目，不能和“解決問(wèn)題（solvetheproblem）”相對(duì)應(yīng)；

D選項(xiàng)simplify“簡(jiǎn)化，使簡(jiǎn)易”指使某事更容易做或簡(jiǎn)單易懂，與題干語(yǔ)義相矛盾，應(yīng)該是“更嚴(yán)重”而不是“更簡(jiǎn)單”。

【句意】使用基于信息技術(shù)的復(fù)雜系統(tǒng)來(lái)幫助解決問(wèn)題的嘗試，往往似乎只會(huì)使問(wèn)題惡化。

4.翻譯題

Mytopictodayis“TheCarandAirPollution.”Inparticular,Iwantfirstlytodiscussthewaysinwhichthecarcausesairpollution;andsecondly,howwecancontrolorreduceairpollutionfromthecar.

First,then,howdoesthecarcauseairpollution?1.Whathappensisthatthecar’sinternalcombustionengineisakindofchemicalfactoryonasmallscale.Itusesamixtureofpetrolandair,andthismixtureexplodesandburns,toproducetheenergywhichpropelsthecar.2.Butwhilethisishappening,manycomplicatedchemicalreactionsaretakingplace.Inparticular,partofthepetrol-airmixtureisnotcompletelyburnedup,andsotheexhaustgasesfromtheenginecontainsomeverydangerouschemicals,suchascarbonmonoxide,nitrogenoxides,leadandhydrocarbons.

Thisisthesituation,then,andit’sgoingtogetmuchworse,unlesswedosomethingaboutit.Solet’sfocusourattentionnowonwaysofcontrollingorreducingtheamountofairpollutioncausedbythecar.

First,wecandiscouragetheuseofcars.Forexample,wecanputhighertaxesonpetrol,andoncarsthemselves,especiallyonlargeronesthatusealotofpetrol.

3.Second,wecanencouragealternativemethodsoftransport,bothbetweenandwithinurbanareas.Forinstance,wecanmaketrainandbusservicescheaperandmoreconvenient.Andwecanbuildamasstransitsysteminlargecities,particularlyanundergroundrailwaysystem.

Next,wecanuseadifferentandcleanerfuelfortheinternalcombustionengine.

Fourth,wecanreplacetheinternalcombustionenginewithotherdesigns.Thereareseveralpossibilitiesbeingresearchedatpresent,suchaselectric,gasturbine,and“steam”enginesgasturbine,andsteamengines.However,eachofthesedesignshasitsowndisadvantages.

4.Lastbutnottheleast,wearetryingtocontroltheemissionsfromtheinternalcombustionenginemuchmorestrictly.This,forexample,isacatalytic(催化式)converter,whichconvertsthemostdangerousingredientsofthecarexhaustintowaterandharmlessgases.

AsI’msureyoucansee,thereareproblemswitheachoftheseways;butatleastthey’reastepintherightdirection.Probablythebestanswerisasynthesisofallfive.

Directions:Readthefollowingpassage,andthentranslatetheunderlinedpartsnumberedfrom(1)to(4),fromEnglishintoChinese.PleasewriteyouranswerontheANSWERSHEET.

【答案】（1）汽車(chē)導(dǎo)致空氣污染是因?yàn)槠?chē)內(nèi)燃機(jī)實(shí)際上是一座小型化工廠。內(nèi)燃機(jī)所用的燃料是汽油和空氣的混合物。這種混合物燃爆后產(chǎn)生驅(qū)動(dòng)力。

（2）但是，汽油同空氣燃爆時(shí)，許多復(fù)雜的化學(xué)反應(yīng)也同時(shí)發(fā)生。特別值得注意的是，汽油和空氣混合物不能完全燃燒，發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)產(chǎn)生的各種廢氣含有一些非常有害的化學(xué)物質(zhì)。

（3）第二，我們可以鼓勵(lì)在城市內(nèi)部和城市之間使用替代的交通工具。比如，我們可以使火車(chē)和公共汽車(chē)服務(wù)更加廉價(jià)和便利。我們可以在大城市建立公交系統(tǒng)，特別是地鐵系統(tǒng)。

（4）最后，我們正在嘗試更加嚴(yán)格地控制內(nèi)燃機(jī)釋放的氣體。比如，催化式排氣凈化器，它將汽車(chē)廢氣中最危險(xiǎn)的成分轉(zhuǎn)變成水和無(wú)害氣體。

5.單選題

Histestimonyisofno____tothecase.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.relevance

B.relation

C.substance

D.connection

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.relevance相關(guān)性B.relation關(guān)系

C.substance根據(jù)D.connection關(guān)聯(lián)

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】名詞辨析

【解題思路】原句句意為“他的證詞與此案沒(méi)有____”，根據(jù)選項(xiàng)推測(cè)，原句想表達(dá)的是“沒(méi)有關(guān)系；不相關(guān)”，即他的證詞與這個(gè)案件不相關(guān)，對(duì)這個(gè)案件沒(méi)有幫助，A選項(xiàng)relevance“相關(guān)性”，最符合要求。某物與某一情境的相關(guān)性（relevance）是指它對(duì)該情境的重要性或意義。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)relation“關(guān)系”，側(cè)重于指兩者之間的關(guān)系，比如藝術(shù)與生活之間的關(guān)系；

C選項(xiàng)substance“根據(jù)”，不符合原句語(yǔ)義銜接；

D選項(xiàng)connection“關(guān)聯(lián)”，與relation相似，側(cè)重于指兩者之間的關(guān)系。

【句意】他的證詞與此案并不相關(guān)。

6.單選題

Excuseme.Ifyourcallisnottoourgent,doyoumind（）minefirst?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Imake

B.ifImake

C.metomake

D.thatImake

【答案】B

【解析】句意:打擾一下！如果你的電話(huà)不是很急的話(huà)，是否介意我先打個(gè)電話(huà)？

語(yǔ)法題?？疾閙ind的用法。Mind表示“介意”時(shí)，用法有兩種:mindone'sdoingsth.(介意某人做某事)；Do(Would)youmindif...(你是否介意…)。因此B項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

The（）stuckontheenvelopesays“ByAir”.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.diagram

B.label

C.signal

D.mark

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。diagram“圖表，圖解”；label“標(biāo)簽”；signal“信號(hào)”；mark“標(biāo)志，記號(hào)”。句意：信封上貼的標(biāo)簽寫(xiě)著“航空信件”。B項(xiàng)符合題意。

8.單選題

RiteofPassageisagoodnovelbyanystandards:（）itshouldrankhighonanylistofsciencefiction.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.consistently

B.consequently

C.invariably

D.fortunately

【答案】B

【解析】副詞詞義辨析。consistently“一致地,一貫地”;consequently“因此,所以”;invariably“總是，不變地”;fortunately“幸運(yùn)地”。句意:無(wú)論以何種標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來(lái)衡量，《成人禮》都是一部?jī)?yōu)秀的小說(shuō):因此，它應(yīng)該排在任何科幻小說(shuō)的前列。前后構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

9.單選題

Idon’tthinkJohnsonwillsucceedinhisnewjob,forheisnot（）todothattypeofwork.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.compatible

B.convenient

C.consistent

D.competent

【答案】C

【解析】形近詞辨析。compatible兼容的；convenient方便的；consistent始終如一的，堅(jiān)持的；competent勝任的；有能力的。句意：我認(rèn)為約翰遜不能勝任他的新工作，因?yàn)樗麤](méi)有一直堅(jiān)持做那種類(lèi)型的工作。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

試題答案C

10.單選題

Arecentstudy,publishedinlastweek'sJournaloftheAmericanMedicalAssociation,offersapictureofhowriskyitistogetaliftfromateenagedriver.Indeed,a16-year-olddriverwiththreeormorepassengersisthreetimesaslikelytohaveafatalaccidentasateenagerdrivingalone.Bycontrast,theriskofdeathfordriversbetween30and59decreaseswitheachadditionalpassenger.

Theauthoralsofoundthatthedeathratesforteenagedriversincreaseddramaticallyafter10p.m.,andespeciallyaftermidnight.Withpassengersinthecar,thedriverwasevenmorelikelytodieinalate-nightaccident.

RobertFoss,ascientistattheUniversityofNorthCarolinaHighwaySafetyResearchCenter,saysthehigherdeathratesforteenagedrivershavelesstodowith"reallystupidbehavior"thanwithjustalackofdrivingexperience."Thebasicissue"hesays,"isthatadultswhoareresponsibleforissuinglicensesfailtorecognizehowcomplexandskilledataskdrivingis."

Bothheandtheauthorofthestudybelievethatthewaytomitigate(使緩解)theproblemistohavestatesinstituteso-calledgraduatedlicensingsystems,inwhichgettingalicenseisamultistageprocess.Agraduatedlicenserequiresthatateenagerfirstprovehimselfcapableofdrivinginthepresenceofanadult,followedbyaperiodofdrivingwithnightofpassengerrestrictions,beforegraduatingtofulldrivingprivileges.

Graduatedlicensingsystemshavereducedteenagedrivercrashes,accordingtorecentstudies.Abouthalfofthestatesnowhavesomesortofgraduatedlicensingsysteminplace,butonly10ofthosestateshaverestrictionsonpassengers.Californiaisthestrictest,withanovicedriverprohibitedfromcarryinganypassengerunder20(withoutthepresenceofanadultover25)forthefirstsixmonths.

1.Whichofthefollowingsituationsismostdangerousaccordingtothepassage?

2.AccordingtoRobertFoss,thehighdeathrateofteenagedriversismainlydueto（

）.

3.AccordingtoParagraph3,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

4.Asuggestedmeasuretobetakentoreduceteenagers'drivingaccidentsisthat

（

）.

5.Thepresentsituationinabouthalfofthestatesisthatthegraduatedlicensingsystem（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Adultsgivingalifttoteenagersonthehighwayafter10p.m.

B.Ateenagerdrivingaftermidnightwithpassengersinthecar.

C.Adultsdrivingwiththreeormoreteenagepassengerslateatnight.

D.Ateenagergettingaliftfromastrangeronthehighwayatmidnight.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.theirfrequentdrivingatnight

B.theirimproperwayofdriving

C.theirlackofdrivingexperience

D.theirdrivingwithpassengers

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Teenagersshouldspendmoretimelearningtodrive.

B.Drivingisaskilltoocomplicatedforteenagerstolearn.

C.Restrictionsshouldbeimposedonteenagersapplyingtotakedrivinglessons.

D.Thelicensingauthoritiesarepartlyresponsibleforteenagers'drivingaccidents.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.drivinginthepresenceofanadultshouldbemadearule

B.theyshouldbeprohibitedfromtakingonpassengers

C.theyshouldnotbeallowedtodriveafter10p.m.

D.thelicensingsystemshouldbeimproved

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.isunderdiscussion

B.isabouttobesetup

C.hasbeenputintoeffect

D.hasbeenperfected

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.推理判斷題。題干要求判斷四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中哪種情況最危險(xiǎn)。根據(jù)原文前兩段可知，青少年駕車(chē)載著超過(guò)3名乘客出行發(fā)生致命事故的概率是那些獨(dú)自開(kāi)車(chē)青少年的3倍，而青少年司機(jī)的死亡率在晚上10點(diǎn)，特別是午夜之后急劇上升。因此，B選項(xiàng)正確。A選項(xiàng)“成年人在晚上10點(diǎn)鐘后搭載青少年”與C選項(xiàng)“成年人在晚上很晚時(shí)搭載3名以上青少年乘客”均不正確。D選項(xiàng)“青少年在午夜搭陌生人的車(chē)”在原文沒(méi)有提及，可排除。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干詢(xún)問(wèn)RobertFoss認(rèn)為青少年死亡率高的原因。根據(jù)題干定位至原文第三段第一句可知，青少年司機(jī)的死亡率高與其真正愚蠢的行為關(guān)系不大，而是因?yàn)樗麄內(nèi)狈︸{駛經(jīng)驗(yàn)，故本題正確答案為C。A選項(xiàng)“頻繁在晚上駕駛”：B選項(xiàng)“他們不恰當(dāng)?shù)鸟{駛方式”；D選項(xiàng)“他們載乘客駕駛”均與原文不符，故排除。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。A選項(xiàng)“青少年應(yīng)該花更多的時(shí)間學(xué)習(xí)駕駛”在原文并未提及，可排除；B選項(xiàng)“駕駛對(duì)青少年來(lái)說(shuō)太復(fù)雜了所以學(xué)不會(huì)”，屬于無(wú)中生有，可排除；C選項(xiàng)“青少年申請(qǐng)參加駕駛課程應(yīng)當(dāng)有一些限制”由第三段內(nèi)容不能得出，可排除。根據(jù)原文第三段最后一句可知，根本問(wèn)題是，負(fù)責(zé)發(fā)放駕照的成年人沒(méi)有意識(shí)到駕駛是一項(xiàng)多么復(fù)雜和需要熟練度的任務(wù)。也就是說(shuō)駕照發(fā)行機(jī)構(gòu)應(yīng)該對(duì)此事負(fù)有一定的責(zé)任。因此，只有D項(xiàng)與原文內(nèi)容相符，故本題正確答案為D選項(xiàng)。

4.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)原文倒數(shù)第二段thewaytomitigatetheproblemistohavestatesinstituteso-calledgraduatedlicensingsystems可知，緩解青少年駕駛事故的方法是建立所謂的駕照分級(jí)許可制度，因此D選項(xiàng)“改善駕照許可制度”正確。A選項(xiàng)為“規(guī)定青少年要在成人陪同下駕駛”；B選項(xiàng)為“應(yīng)該不準(zhǔn)他們載客”：C選項(xiàng)為“應(yīng)該禁止他們晚上10點(diǎn)后開(kāi)車(chē)”。A、B、C三項(xiàng)均不符合題意，因此本題正確答案為D項(xiàng)。

5.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位至原文最后一段第二句Abouthalfofthestatesnowhavesomesoilofgraduatedlicensingsysteminplace,butonly10ofthosestateshaverestrictionsonpassengers可知，美國(guó)現(xiàn)在大約有一半的州已經(jīng)有了分級(jí)許可制度，但只有10個(gè)州對(duì)乘客有限制。說(shuō)明這種制度已經(jīng)建立了，只是還不夠完善。A選項(xiàng)“在討論中”、B選項(xiàng)“即將建立”和C選項(xiàng)“已經(jīng)被實(shí)施”都不符合，因此本題正確答案為C項(xiàng)。

11.單選題

Tescoispreparingalegalbattletoclearitsnameofinvolvementinthedairyprice-fixingscandalthathascostconsumers￡270million.Failuretoprovethatithadnopartincollusionwithothersupermarketsanddairyprocessorsmaylanditwithafineofatleast￡80million.TheOfficeofFairTrading(OFT)saidyesterdaythatAsda,Sainsbury’sandtheformerSafeway,plusthedairycompaniesWiseman,DairyCrestandCheeseCompany,hadadmittedbeinginacarteltofixpricesformilk,butterandcheese.Theywerefinedatotalofjustover￡116millionaspartofaleniencydealofferedbythewatchdogtocompaniesthatownedupquicklytoanti-competitivebehavior.

OfficialsattheOFTadmittedprivatelythattheydidnotthinktheywouldeverdiscoverwhichcompanyorindividualhadinitiatedthepricingformulA.Butthewatchdogrecognizesthatatthetimesupermarketswereunderpressurefrompoliticiansandfarmerstoraisethecostofmilktosavedairyfarming,thoughitisnotcertainthatmoneyfounditswaytofarmers.TheOFTclaimedinSeptemberthatithadfoundevidencethattheretailchainshadpassedfuturemilkpricestodairycompanies,whichthenreachedafixedpriceamongthemselves.

Theaveragecosttoeachhouseholdisthoughttobe￡11.25over2002and2003.Priceswentupanextra3ponapintofmilk,15ponaquarterofapoundofbutterand15ponahalf-poundofcheese.Thereisnodirectrecompenseforconsumers,however,andthemoneywillgototheTreasury.TheNationalConsumerCouncilgavewarningthattheadmissionswoulddentconsumerconfidenceinleadinghighstreetnamesandthatpeoplewouldbecomeskepticaloftheirclaims.FarmersforAction,thegroupoffarmersthathasledprotestsoverlowmilkpricessince2000,isseekinglegaladviceonwhetheritcannowbringaclaimforcompensation.

TheOFTinvestigationiscontinuing,however,inrelationtoTesco,MorrisonandthedairygroupLactalisMcLelland,andanylegalactionisexpectedtobedelayeduntilthatiscompleted.

Tescowasdefiantandsaidthatitwaspreparingarobustdefenseofitsactions.LucyNeville-Rolfe,itsexecutivedirector,said:“Aswehavealwayssaid,weactedindependentlyandwedidnotcolludewithanyone.Ourpositionisdifferentfromourcompetitorsandwearedefendingourowncasevigorously.Ourphilosophyistogiveagooddealtocustomers.”

MorrisonhassupportedtheOFTininquiriesintotheformerSafewaybusinessthatittookover,butinastatementsaidthatitwasstillmaking“strongrepresentations”initsdefense.AspokeswomanforLactalisMcLellandsaidthatthecompanywas“co-operating”withtheOFT.IndustryinsiderssuggestedthatthethreecompaniesweredeliberatelystallingtheOFTinvestigation,

Sainsbury’sadmittedyesterdaythatithadagreedtopay￡26millioninfines,butdeniedthatithadsoughttoprofiteer.JustinKing,thechiefexecutive,saidhewasdisappointedthatthecompanyhadbeenpenalizedforactionsmeanttohelpfarmersbutrecognizedthebenefitofaspeedysettlement.Asdadeclinedtosayhowmuchitwouldpayinfinesandalsosaidthatitsintentionhadbeentohelpfarmersunderseverefinancialpressure.

1.Fromthefirstparagraph,wemayinferthat______.

2.Whoismostprobablytheinitiatorofthepricingformula?

3.Theword“defiant”inPara.5mostprobablymeans______.

4.WemayinferfromMorrison’sstatementthat______.

5.Thewriter’sattitudetoTescocanbesaidtobe______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Tescoisthemostresoluteamongalltheretailerstodefenditsreputation

B.itisalreadyprovedthatTescohascolludedwithAsda,Wiseman,DairyCrestandCheeseCompanyinfixingthedairyprice

C.Tescoistryingitsbesttoproveitsinnocenceofthescandal

D.Tescoisofferedaleniencydealof￡80millionbecauseofitsquickresponsetotheanti-competitivebehaviors

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Retailchains

B.Farmers

C.Dairycompanies

D.Politicians

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.confident

B.angry

C.deficient

D.challenging

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.MorrisonturnouttobethemostdefensivewhendealingwithOFT

B.MorrisonisreluctanttosupporttheinquiriesintotheformerSafewaybusiness

C.industryinsiderssuggestthatMorrisonwastryingtodelaytheOFTinvestigationwithnon-cooperation

D.Morrisonindeedrefusestoadmititsinvolvementinthescandal

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.objective

B.biased

C.sympathetic

D.optimistic

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.主旨大意題。由題干可以定位到文章第一段。A選項(xiàng)“特易購(gòu)是所有零售商中最堅(jiān)決捍衛(wèi)自己聲譽(yù)的?！蓖茰y(cè)其他的零售商勾結(jié)，并沒(méi)有體現(xiàn)出捍衛(wèi)自身的聲譽(yù)，可排除。B選項(xiàng)“事實(shí)已經(jīng)證明，特易購(gòu)與阿斯達(dá)、懷斯曼、乳品佳潔士和奶酪公司串通操縱乳品價(jià)格?！崩斫忮e(cuò)誤，特易購(gòu)要證明自己并沒(méi)有與其他零售商勾結(jié)。C選項(xiàng)“特易購(gòu)正盡力證明自己在丑聞中的清白。”由題干定位到第一句“Tescoispreparingalegalbattletoclearitsnameofinvolvementinthedairyprice-fixingscandalthathascostconsumers￡270million”中文翻譯：特易購(gòu)正準(zhǔn)備打一場(chǎng)法律戰(zhàn)，以澄清自己卷入這起導(dǎo)致消費(fèi)者損失2.7億英鎊的奶制品價(jià)格操縱丑聞的名聲。符合題意，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。D選項(xiàng)“由于特易購(gòu)對(duì)反競(jìng)爭(zhēng)行為的快速反應(yīng)，特易購(gòu)獲得了8000萬(wàn)英鎊的寬大處理?！崩斫忮e(cuò)誤，如果Tesco不能證明自己的清白，將面臨8000萬(wàn)英鎊的罰款。D選項(xiàng)可排除。綜上所述，C選項(xiàng)正確。

2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干，A選項(xiàng)“Retailchains”（零售連鎖店），文中所說(shuō)的零售商只是將奶制品的價(jià)格提供給公司，不符合題意，可排除。B選項(xiàng)“Famers”（農(nóng)民），文中所說(shuō)的不確定農(nóng)民是否得到了錢(qián)。C選項(xiàng)“Dairycompanies”（乳制品公司），文中所說(shuō)乳制品公司操縱了的價(jià)格，符合題意，C選項(xiàng)正確。D選項(xiàng)“Politicians”（政治家），文中所說(shuō)，財(cái)政部獲得了補(bǔ)償，因此，也可排除。綜上所述，C選項(xiàng)正確。

3.詞義辨析題。由題干可以定位到文章第五段第一句“Tescowasdefiantandsaidthatitwaspreparingarobustdefenseofitsactions”，中文翻譯為：特易購(gòu)對(duì)此不以為然，并表示正準(zhǔn)備為自己的行為進(jìn)行強(qiáng)有力的辯護(hù)。A選項(xiàng)“自信的”，特易購(gòu)正準(zhǔn)備為自己的行為進(jìn)行辯護(hù)，可推測(cè)他對(duì)行為很自信。A選項(xiàng)最符合詞義。B選項(xiàng)“生氣的”，文中沒(méi)有體現(xiàn)特易購(gòu)生氣，可排除。C選項(xiàng)“不足的，有缺陷的”，不符合題意，可排除。D選項(xiàng)“挑戰(zhàn)性的”，不符合題意，可排除。綜上所述，A選項(xiàng)正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干可以定位到文章第六段MorrisonhassupportedtheOFTininquiriesintotheformerSafewaybusinessthatittookover,butinastatementsaidthatitwasstillmaking“strongrepresentations”initsdefense.AspokeswomanforLactalisMcLellandsaidthat

thecompanywas“co-operating”withtheOFT.IndustryinsiderssuggestedthatthethreecompaniesweredeliberatelystallingtheOFTinvestigation.中文翻譯為：莫里森支持OFT對(duì)其接管的前Safeway業(yè)務(wù)的調(diào)查，但在一份聲明中表示，莫里森仍在為OFT進(jìn)行“強(qiáng)有力的辯護(hù)”。LactalisMcLelland的發(fā)言人表示，該公司正在與OFT“合作”。業(yè)內(nèi)人士暗示，這三家公司是在故意拖延OFT的調(diào)查。判斷出C選項(xiàng)“業(yè)內(nèi)人士暗示，莫里森是在試圖以不合作的方式拖延OFT的調(diào)查”正確。A選項(xiàng)“在處理OFT時(shí)，莫里森是最具防御性的”，這里并沒(méi)有體現(xiàn)莫里森具有防御性，可排除。B選項(xiàng)“莫里森不愿支持對(duì)前西夫韋公司的調(diào)查”，文中所說(shuō)，莫里森支持對(duì)前Safeway公司的調(diào)查，因此，B選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。D選項(xiàng)“莫里森公司確實(shí)拒絕承認(rèn)與丑聞?dòng)嘘P(guān)”，文中并沒(méi)有提及，可排除。綜上所述，C選項(xiàng)正確。

5.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。通讀全文，A選項(xiàng)“objective”（客觀的），文中作者對(duì)Tesco的態(tài)度比較客觀，符合題意，A選項(xiàng)正確；B選項(xiàng)“biased”（有偏見(jiàn)的），文中并沒(méi)有體現(xiàn)作者對(duì)于Tesco的偏見(jiàn)，可排除；C選項(xiàng)“sympathetic”（同情的），不符合題意，可排除；D選項(xiàng)“optimistic”（積極的），不符合題意，可排除。綜上所述，A選項(xiàng)正確。

12.單選題

Amysteriousblackcloudapproachestheearth—ourplanet’sweatherisseverelyaffected.

ThroughouttherestofJuneandJulytemperaturesrosesteadilyallovertheEarth.IntheBritishIslesthetemperatureclimbedthroughtheeighties,intothenineties,andmovedtowardsthehundredmark.Peoplecomplained,buttherewasnoseriousdisaster.

ThedeathnumberintheU.S.remainedquitesmall,thankslargelytotheair-conditioningunitsthathadbeenfittedduringpreviousyearsandmonths.Temperaturesrosetothelimitofhumanendurancethroughoutthewholecountryandpeoplewereobligedtoremainindoorsforweeksonend.Occasionallyair-conditioningunitsfailedanditwasthenthatfatalitiesoccurred.

Conditionswereutterlydesperatethroughoutthetropicsasmaybejudgedfromthefactthat7943speciesofplantsandanimalsbecametotallyextinct.ThesurvivalofManhimselfwasonlypossiblebecauseofthecavesandcellarshewasabletodig.Nothingcouldbedonetoreducethehotairtemperature.Morethansevenhundredmillionpersonsareknowntohavelosttheirlives.

Eventuallythetemperatureofthesurfacewatersofthesearose,notsofastastheairtemperature,butfastenoughtoproduceadangerousincreaseofhumidity.Itwasindeedthisincreasethatproducedthedisastrousconditionsjustremarked.MillionsofpeoplebetweenthelatitudesofCairoandtheCapeofGoodHopeweresubjectedtoachokingatmospherethatgrewdamperandhotterfromdaytoday.Allhumanmovementceased.Therewasnothingtobedonebuttoliebreathingquicklyasadogdoesinhotweather.

BythefourthweekofJulyconditionsinthetropicslaybalancedbetweenlifeandtotaldeath.Thenquitesuddenlyraincloudsappearedoverthewholeglobe.Thetemperaturedeclinedalittle,duenodoubttothecloudsreflectingmoreoftheSun’sradiationbackintospace.Butconditionscouldnotbesaidtohaveimproved.Warmrainfelleverywhere,evenasfarnorthasIceland.Theinsectpopulationincreasedenormously,sincetheburninghotatmospherewasasfavorabletothemasitwasunfavorabletoManandmanyotheranimals.

1.IntheBritishIslesthetemperature____________.

2.FewpeopleintheUnitedStateslosttheirlivesbecause____________.

3.MillionsofpeopleinCairoandtheCapeofGoodHopeweresubjectedtoachokingatmospherebecause____________.

4.BythefourthweekofJulyconditionsinthetropicsweresuchthat____________.

5.Theinsectpopulationincreaseddueto____________.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.stayedateighty

B.rangedfromeightytoninety

C.approachedonehundred

D.exceededthehundredmark

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.thetemperaturewastolerable

B.peopleremainedindoorsforweeks

C.thegovernmenthadtakeneffectivemeasurestoreducethehottemperature

D.peoplewereprovidedwiththemostcomfortableair-conditioners

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.thetemperaturegrewextremelyhot

B.thetemperaturebecamedamperandhotterasthehumidityofthesurfacewatersoftheseaincreased

C.theirconditionsweretoodangerous

D.nothingcouldbedonewiththehottemperature

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.humansurvivalwouldbeimpossible

B.moreandmorepeoplewouldlosetheirlives

C.fewerpeoplecouldbesaved

D.survivalordeathwasstillundecided

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.thehotair

B.thetropicalclimate

C.therainclouds

D.thedampatmosphere

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段第二句IntheBritishIslesthetemperatureclimbedthroughtheeighties,intothenineties,andmovedtowardsthehundredmark.（在不列顛群島，溫度從80度上升到90度，并接近100度。），可知不列顛群島的溫度快接近100度，故C選項(xiàng)“接近100”正確。A選項(xiàng)“保持在80度”，B選項(xiàng)“從80上升到90度”和D選項(xiàng)“超過(guò)100度”錯(cuò)誤。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

2.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段第一句ThedeathnumberintheU.S.remainedquitesmall,thankslargelytotheair-conditioningunitsthathadbeenfittedduringpreviousyearsandmonths.（美國(guó)的死亡人數(shù)仍然很少，這在很大程度上要?dú)w功于前幾年和前幾個(gè)月安裝的空調(diào)設(shè)備。），可知，在美國(guó)很少人因?yàn)楦邷囟鴨噬靡嬗诳照{(diào)，故D選項(xiàng)“人們裝有最舒適的空調(diào)”正確。A選項(xiàng)“溫度還可以忍受”和B選項(xiàng)“人們?cè)谑覂?nèi)待了幾個(gè)星期”：根據(jù)第三段第二句Temperaturesrosetothelimitofhumanendurancethroughoutthewholecountryandpeoplewereobligedtoremainindoorsforweeksonend.（全國(guó)各地氣溫上升到人類(lèi)承受能力的極限，人們被迫連續(xù)數(shù)周待在室內(nèi)。），可知這氣溫已超出承受范圍，故A選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤，并且因?yàn)闅鉁靥呷藗儾坏貌淮谑覂?nèi)，這是高溫帶來(lái)的影響而非只有少數(shù)人死亡的原因，故B選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)“政府已經(jīng)采取了有效的措施來(lái)降低高溫”：文章沒(méi)有提到政府做了什么，故錯(cuò)誤。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

3.實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第五段第一句Eventuallythetemperatureofthesurfacewatersofthesearose…toproduceadangerousincreaseofhumidity.（最終，海水表層的溫度上升了……致命的濕度增加。）和第三句grewdamperandhotterfromdaytoday（天氣一天比一天潮濕和炎熱），可知是海水溫度和濕度增加影響的開(kāi)羅和好望角地區(qū)，故B選項(xiàng)“隨著海洋表層海水濕度的增加，溫度變得更潮濕、更熱”正確，A選項(xiàng)“溫度變得非常熱”中僅僅因?yàn)闇囟茸兓恢劣谠斐蛇@樣的結(jié)果。C選項(xiàng)“他們的條件太危險(xiǎn)了”：這是對(duì)這情況的描述而非原因，故錯(cuò)誤。D選項(xiàng)“他們對(duì)高溫?zé)o計(jì)可施”：根據(jù)第四段第二句ThesurvivalofManhimselfwasonlypossiblebecauseofthecavesandcellarshewasabletodig.（人類(lèi)之所以能活下來(lái)，完全是因?yàn)橥诘搅硕囱ê偷亟?。），可知人?lèi)運(yùn)用了一些對(duì)策面對(duì)高溫，故錯(cuò)誤。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

4.語(yǔ)義推測(cè)題。根據(jù)第六段BythefourthweekofJuly…Thetemperaturedeclinedalittle…Butconditionscouldnotbesaidtohaveimproved…asitwasunfavorabletoManandmanyotheranimals.（到了七月的第四個(gè)星期……溫度降低了一點(diǎn)……但不能說(shuō)情況有所改善……就像對(duì)人類(lèi)和許多其他動(dòng)物不利一樣），可知對(duì)人類(lèi)來(lái)說(shuō)，氣溫的威脅降低了，可是其他的危險(xiǎn)同時(shí)出現(xiàn)，人類(lèi)安全與否仍然未知，故D選項(xiàng)“生死仍未定”正確。A選項(xiàng)“人類(lèi)將不可能存活”，B選項(xiàng)“越來(lái)越多的人將失去生命”和C選項(xiàng)“更少的人可以被拯救”與句意不符，故錯(cuò)誤。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

5.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第六段最后一句Theinsectpopulationincreasedenormously,sincetheburninghotatmosphere（昆蟲(chóng)的數(shù)量急劇增加，因?yàn)樽茻岬拇髿鈱?duì)它們有利），可知昆蟲(chóng)因?yàn)樽茻岬拇髿舛黾?，故A選項(xiàng)“灼熱的大氣”正確。B選項(xiàng)“熱帶氣候”C選項(xiàng)“云雨天氣”和D選項(xiàng)“潮濕的空氣”：文章沒(méi)有說(shuō)這些因素和昆蟲(chóng)數(shù)量增多的關(guān)系，故錯(cuò)誤。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

13.單選題

Thecoursenormallyattracts20studentsperyear,（

）uptohalfwillbefromoverseas.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.inwhich

B.forwhom

C.withwhich

D.ofwhom

【答案】D

【解析】句意:這門(mén)課程通常每年會(huì)吸引二十名學(xué)生，其中有一半是留學(xué)生。

語(yǔ)法題?？疾槎ㄕZ(yǔ)從句。題干后半部分為定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞20students。定語(yǔ)從句中缺少關(guān)系詞。選項(xiàng)D中,of表示“在…中”,后面接關(guān)系代詞which。

14.單選題

Whenhegotpromotedfromanaverageclerktodeputymanagerofthecompany,hefeltthathehadto（）greaterresponsibilities.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.bearon

B.takeon

C.bringon

D.drawon

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。Takeon“承擔(dān)”；bearon“影響”；bringon“呈現(xiàn)”；drawon“來(lái)臨，鼓勵(lì)”。句意：當(dāng)他從一個(gè)普通員工被提升到公司副經(jīng)理的職位時(shí)，他感到自己不得不承擔(dān)更大的責(zé)任。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

15.單選題

InFebruaryof2005,PhilBelfiorewasteachinghisseventh-gradestudentshowtowriteapoemintentionallycopyingthestyleoftheRobertfrost’s“StoppingbyWoodsonaSnowyEvening”.Helikedthesamplethathehadwrittenforthem,soherecordeditonhishomeansweringmachine:“WhosephonethisisIthinkyouknow/Icannotansweritnowthough/Sostateyourname,beveryclear/I’llcallyoubackwhenIgethome.’’.

Thatactwouldleadtooneofthemostunusualfriendshipsofhislife.

WhenPhilandhisfamilyreturnedtoMarylandfromEastervacation,helistenedtohisvoicemessages.Onegentlemancallerapologizedfordialingthewrongnumber.Butheaddedhe’dheartilyenjoyedthepoem.Phillaughedandthoughtnothingmoreofit,untilthephonerangafewdayslater.

“Irecognizedthevoiceimmediately,”recallsPhil,now57.“Hesaidthathewassorrytobotherme,buthewascallingtohearthepoemagain.”

Thetwomentalked.JohnThompson,aveterannow73,livedinCheyenneWyoming.Itturnedoutthathisbrother,David’sphonenumberwasdifferentfromPhil’sbyonedigit,thusthewrongnumber.“Beforehangingup,Itoldhimtocallbackanytimewhethertohearmoreofthepoemorjusttotalk”recallsPhil.

Thatwas11yearsago.They’vespokenonthephoneafewtimesamontheversince.Johninitiatesmostcalls,butPhilwillringifawhilehaspassed.“Weseemtoalwaysconnectwhenthere’sbeenabigsportsevent.”P(pán)hilsays.

Themendiscussfootballandfamily.JohnwilltalkexcitedlyabouthispastlifeorupdatePhilonfolkshehasbeenintouchwith.“Slowlyovertheyearsourconversationshavegrownmuchmorepersonal,”saysPhil.“WetalkprimarilyaboutJohn’shealth,andlovelife.Alsoourrelatives,hobbies,andwhateverelsecomesup.Sometimeswejusttalkforaminutetoseehowtheotherisdoing.”

“Likeoldfriends?”Iaskeagerly.I’mtryingtounderstandfromPhilwhatdrawsthesementoeachother.’’Weareoldfriends.’’,Philsays.

Noneedtooverthinkit.John,whoover11yearshassharedalittleofhimselfatatime,haswovenhimselfintothefabricofPhil’slife.IcallJohnandfindhimanengagingstorytellerwithanexceptionalmemory.HetellsmestoriesofhischildhoodvisitingCapitolHill.

Intheyearssince,JohnandPhilhaveplannedtomeettwice,butcircumstancesconspiredagainstthem.Neithermindsthislatest“haven’t”.Theyhaven’tgonetoagametogether,hadacupofcoffeetogether,orsatontheotherssofa.Theirfriendshipisbasedonthesimpleactofpickingupthephone.It’sassimple,andasextraordinary,asthat.

1.WhocomposedtheverseonthePhil’shomeansweringmachine?

2.ThereasonwhyJohnfirstcalledPhilwasthathewantedto_______.

3.Whatdidthetwomentalkaboutmostduringtheirtalks?

4.WhatdoweknowaboutJohnandPhil?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.PhilBelfiore

B.JohnThompson

C.Robertfrost

D.DavidThompson

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.learntowritepoems

B.gotoPhil’sbirthdaylunch

C.connecthisbrother

D.discussRobertfrostwithhim

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Storiesandholidayromance

B.Travelandexoticplaces

C.Poemsandliterature

D.Sportsandfamily

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theywerebestfriendswhohadnotyetmetinperson.

B.Theywerebothpoetswhohadpassionforversecomposition.

C.Theyweregoodstorytellerswhohadextraordinarymemories.

D.Theywerebothveteranswholikedchattingonphoneforhours.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:A

【解析】1.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：誰(shuí)編著了菲爾家答錄機(jī)里的這首詩(shī)？通過(guò)題干定位到文章第一段的第二句話(huà)Helikedthesamplethathehadwrittenforthem,soherecordeditonhishomeansweringmachine（他很喜歡他寫(xiě)給學(xué)生的樣例，所以他將其錄入了家里的答錄機(jī)），這里的“he”代指的就是前文中提到的“PhilBelfiore”，因此A選項(xiàng)“菲爾?貝爾菲奧爾”，符合題意。其他選項(xiàng)均不是答錄機(jī)里這首詩(shī)的作家。綜上所述，本題正確答案為A選項(xiàng)。

2.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：約翰首次呼叫菲爾的原因是他想要……？通過(guò)題干定位到文章第三段第二句話(huà)Onegentlemancallerapologizedfordialingthewrongnumber.（一位紳士為打錯(cuò)電話(huà)而道歉。），第五段第三句話(huà)再次提及Itturnedoutthathisbrother,David’sphonenumberwasdifferentfromPhil’sbyonedigit,thusthewrongnumber.（約翰的哥哥大衛(wèi)的電話(huà)號(hào)碼和菲爾家的僅差一個(gè)數(shù)字，所以打錯(cuò)了電話(huà)），可以推斷出約翰本來(lái)想和他的哥哥打電話(huà)，因?yàn)榘村e(cuò)了號(hào)碼打給了菲爾，因此C選項(xiàng)“聯(lián)系他哥哥”，符合題意；A選項(xiàng)“學(xué)習(xí)怎么寫(xiě)詩(shī)”，B選項(xiàng)“參加菲爾的生日宴會(huì)”和D選項(xiàng)“和他探討羅伯特這位詩(shī)人”，在文中均未提及。綜上所述，本題正確答案為C選項(xiàng)。

3.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：兩位男士談?wù)摰米疃嗟氖?通過(guò)題干定位到文章第七段Themendiscussfootballandfamily…“Slowlyovertheyearsourconversationshavegrownmuchmorepersonal,’’saysPhil.“WetalkprimarilyaboutJohn’shealth,andlovelife.Alsoourrelatives,hobbies,andwhatever