英語語法-如何把直接引語轉(zhuǎn)換為間接引語

PAGEPAGE4如何把直接引語轉(zhuǎn)換為間接引語引述別人的話時，一般采用兩種方式：一是引用別人的原話，把它放在引號內(nèi)，稱為直接引語；二是用自己的話加以轉(zhuǎn)述，被轉(zhuǎn)述的話不放在引號內(nèi)，稱為間接引語。間接引語在大多數(shù)情況下是一個賓語從句。直接引語變成間接引語時，要注意以下幾點：人稱變化、時態(tài)變化、賓語從句要用陳述句語序。1.直接引語是陳述句，變成間接引語時，由連詞that引導(dǎo)，很多時候可省略that。例如：Shesaid,"Iamveryhappytohelpyou."Shesaidshewasveryhappytohelpme.Shesaid,“IwillgotoGuangzhoutomorrow.”ShesaidthatshewouldgotoGuangzhouthenextday/thefollowingday.Shesaid,“IhavelivedinFoshanforseveralyears.”ShesaidthatshehadlivedinFoshanforseveralyears.Shesaid,“Iamreadingabooknow.”Shesaidthatshewasreadingabookatthattime/moment.Johnsaid,“IamleavingforParisonWednesday”JohnsaidthathewasleavingforParisonWednesday.2.直接引語是一般疑問句，變成間接引語時，由連詞whether或if（是否）引導(dǎo)。先把直接引語變?yōu)殛愂鼍湔Z序，再放在whether或if后面。例如：Heaskedme,"Doyoulikeplayingfootball?"Heaskedmewhether/ifIlikedplayingfootball.HeaskedMary,“Willyoucometomybirthdayparty?”Youwillcometomybirthdayparty.HeaskedMarywhether/ifshewouldcometohisbirthdayparty.注意：大多數(shù)情況下，if和whether可以互換，但后有ornot,或在動詞不定式前，或放在介詞后作連接詞時，一般只用whether。例如：Sheaskedmewhetherhecoulddoitornot.Hehesitatedaboutwhethertodriveortakethetrain.3.直接引語是特殊疑問句，變成間接引語時，由相應(yīng)的疑問詞who,whom,whose,how,when,why,where等引導(dǎo)，先把直接引語（去掉特殊疑問詞后）變?yōu)殛愂鼍湔Z序，再放回特殊疑問詞后進行相應(yīng)的變化。例如：Mysisteraskedme,"Howdoyoulikethefilm?”YoulikethefilmMysisteraskedmehowIlikedthefilm.JohnaskedMary,“Whereshallwego?”JohnaskedMarywheretheyshouldgo.JohnaskedMary,“WhenshallweleaveforParis?”JohnaskedMarywhentheyshouldleaveforParis.1.Francoaskedme,“Isthefoodready?”Francoaskedmewhether/ifthefoodwasready.2.PhillipaskedLily,“Aretheyoungcoupledrinkingredorwhitewine?”theyoungcouplearedrinkingredorwhitewine.

PhillipaskedLilywhether/iftheyoungcoupleweredrinkingredorwhitewine.3.Heasked,“Whoisworkingintherestaurant?”Heaskedmeloudly/angrilytofuck/pissoff.HesaidtoIvy,“Pleasedon’tleaveme.”

Heasked/toldIvynottoleavehim.HebeggedIvynottoleavehim.LindaaskedKathy,“Willyoubetheretomorrow?”Youwillbetheretomorrow.LindaaskedKathywhether/ifshewouldbetherethenext/followingday.KevinaskedCecilia,“DoyouknowhowmuchImissyou?”youknowhowmuchImissyou.KevinaskedCeciliawhether/ifsheknewhowmuchhemissedher.KevinaskedCecilia,“WhenwillIseeyouagain?”Iwillseeyouagain.KevinaskedCeciliawhenhewouldseeheragain.注意：如果轉(zhuǎn)述時就在原來的地方，就在說