山東省日照市2023-2024學(xué)年高三下學(xué)期二模英語試題(解析版)

高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1山東省日照市2023-2024學(xué)年高三下學(xué)期二模英語試題第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AIfyou’retravelingwithyourfamilyandlookingforgreatfuninIceland,checkthislistoffamily-friendlytours.Thesetourshelpyoumakethebestofyourfamilyvacation.IcecavingtouronLangjokullGlacier(冰川)OnthisLangjokullGlaciertour,exploretheworld’slargestman-madeicecave.A20-tonmonstertruckwilltakeyoutotheentranceofthecave,locatedclosetothetopoftheglacier.Thenhikethroughthe500mlongicetunnelwithseparatefrozenhallsandadmirebrilliantblueiceformations.You’lldreamaboutthisicecaveexperienceforyearstocome!WhalewatchingtourfromReykjavikHitthehighseasonaDalvikwhalewatchingtour.Witnesshumpbackwhales,bluewhales,minkewhalesandevendolphins!IntrueIcelandicfashion,youwillgetthechancetotryyourhandatseafishing.YourfreshcatchwillbebarbequedIcelandic-stylewhenthetourends,theperfectwaytowrapuptheday.Riverrafting(漂流)downGullfossCanyon.Whetheryou’reanexpertorbeginner,Iceland’swhitewatersattractpeopleofallskilllevels.YourtourbeginsatDrumboddsstadir,continuesdowntheHvitaRiverandendsinBruarhlodCanyon,locatedatthefoothillsofGullfossWaterfall.Thewaterswillleadyoupastawater-carvedgorgeandoverafewsteeprapidsonanunforgettableadventureofalifetime.OldfarmhikeOnthistourwe’llbeaimingfortheoldabandonedfarmatKleif—watchingoutfortheArcticwildlifethatlivesinthearea,includingreindeerandplentyofbirds.Uponarrival,we’llgoonafullyguidedtourofthefarmandhearstoriesofhowIcelandersmanagedtosurviveinthisunfriendlyplace.Finally,we’llenjoysomewarmingrefreshmentsatthefarmafteraneducationaldayinthewilderness.1.Whatdoweknowabouttheicecave?A.Itisartificial. B.Ithasasecretentrance.C.Itliesunderaglacier. D.Itisthedeepestintheworld.2.Whichtourmightappealtoadventurersmost?A.Icecavingtour. B.Whalewatchingtour. C.Riverrafting. D.Oldfarmhike.3.Whatcanyoudoontheoldfarmhiketour?A.Haveabarbecueinthewilderness. B.Learnfarmingfromlocalpeople.C.PracticehuntingArcticanimals. D.Explorethehistoryofthefarm.【語篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了冰島的家庭友好型旅游項(xiàng)目，包括冰川探險、觀鯨、河流漂流和古農(nóng)場徒步，適合家庭度假尋求樂趣?！即鸢浮?.A2.C3.D【1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)IcecavingtouronLangjokullGlacier(冰川)部分的“OnthisLangjokullGlaciertour,exploretheworld’slargestman-madeicecave.(在這次郎喬庫冰川之旅中，探索世界上最大的人造冰洞)”可知，這個冰洞是人工建造的。故選A?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Riverrafting(漂流)downGullfossCanyon部分的“Thewaterswillleadyoupastawater-carvedgorgeandoverafewsteeprapidsonanunforgettableadventureofalifetime.(水將帶你經(jīng)過一個水雕峽谷和幾個陡峭的急流，進(jìn)行一生難忘的冒險)”可知，河流漂流提供了不可預(yù)測的激流和峽谷穿越，這對于喜歡冒險的人來說最具吸引力。故選C?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Oldfarmhike部分的“Uponarrival,we’llgoonafullyguidedtourofthefarmandhearstoriesofhowIcelandersmanagedtosurviveinthisunfriendlyplace.(抵達(dá)后，我們將在導(dǎo)游的帶領(lǐng)下參觀農(nóng)場，聽一聽冰島人如何在這個不友好的地方生存下來的故事)”可知，在古老的農(nóng)場徒步旅行中，參與者可以探索并了解農(nóng)場的歷史。故選D。BWhenBellaLinwas12yearsold,shenoticedthatherguineapigs(豚鼠)seemedunhappyintheirsmallcagewith“prison-likebars”,LintoldtheCNBCMakeItwebsite.Focusingonfindinganalternativetotraditionalcagesforherpets,thenow17-year-oldfromMountainView,US,beganherdesigns.Linexperimentedwithmultipledesignsandusedaround$2,000fromhersavingstostarthersidebusiness,GuineaLoft,onAmazoninNovember2022.Itmadeabigdifferenceandsoldnearly11,000cagesandbroughtinmorethan$410,000in2023,accordingtoCNBCMakeIt.Initially,Lininformedherfatherofherdesiretodevelopanimprovedcage.Herfatherhadrelationswithafamily-ownedfactoryinChinathroughapreviousclient,andhereachedouttothem.Traditionalguineapigcagestypicallyconsistofbars,roofs,andeithertarp(防水布)orplasticbottoms,makingthemhardtocleanandoftensmellbad.Lin’sinitialglass,open-floorcagesofferedmorevisibilityandmobility,withatwo-layeredbottom.Thisdesignallowsfortheeasyremovalofsoiledbeddingbypushingitintoaremovableplastictray(托盤).However,duetohighshippingcosts,theglassmaterialwasimpractical,andtheopenfloorcausedproblemsforhersmallerguineapigs,astheirfeetwouldgetstuck.Linandhersix-personteaminChinadevotedlatenightstoresearchingandtestingproducts.Herteamhandledthesourcing,manufacturing,packagingandphotographyoftheproducts.Intheend,theychoseacrylic,insteadofglass,andcraftedreplaceablebottoms,asLindescribedit.Thebottomsareeasytothrowout,whichisgoodforbusiness:Oncecustomersrunoutofthebottoms,theyhavetovisitLin’sAmazonstoreagaintorestock.“WitnessingthepracticaleffectsofGuineaLoftcagesthroughcustomerreviewsandemailsisempowering,”Linsaid.“Assomeonewhoonceplacedgreatemphasisonacademicrecognition,thesuccessofmysidebusinesshasboostedmyconfidenceinexploringlifebeyondhighschool.”4.WhatinspiredLintodesignanewcageforguineapigs?A.Thehugeprofitsinherbusiness. B.Theirbadlivingconditions.C.Herunpleasantexperienceatschool. D.Herdesiretoreplaceoldcages.5.WhatisamajoradvantageofLin’snewcage?A.Itiswaterproof. B.Itlastslong. C.Itiseasytoclean. D.Itsmellsnice.6.HowdoesLinsoundinthelastparagraph?A.Humorous. B.Concerned. C.Encouraged. D.Curious.7.Whatmaybeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.InventingforOurPets B.RunningaSideBusinessC.BellaLin’sAcademicAchievements D.TheApplicationofGuineaPigCages【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了BellaLin在注意到她的豚鼠在小籠子里不開心后，開始設(shè)計(jì)替代傳統(tǒng)籠子的新型籠子的故事?！即鸢浮?.B5.C6.C7.A【4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“WhenBellaLinwas12yearsold,shenoticedthatherguineapigs(豚鼠)seemedunhappyintheirsmallcagewith“prison-likebars”(在BellaLin十二歲的時候，她注意到她的豚鼠在“監(jiān)獄一樣的柵欄”的小籠子里似乎很不開心)”和“Focusingonfindinganalternativetotraditionalcagesforherpets,thenow17-year-oldfromMountainView,US,beganherdesigns.(現(xiàn)年17歲的她來自美國山景城，專注于為她的寵物尋找傳統(tǒng)籠子的替代品，于是開始了她的設(shè)計(jì)。)”可知，豚鼠惡劣的生活條件激發(fā)了她為它們設(shè)計(jì)一個新的籠子。故選B項(xiàng)。【5題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Thisdesignallowsfortheeasyremovalofsoiledbeddingbypushingitintoaremovableplastictray(托盤).(通過將臟墊推入一個可移動的塑料托盤，這種設(shè)計(jì)使得臟墊可以輕松地被清除)”可知，她設(shè)計(jì)的新籠子的巨大優(yōu)勢在于便于清理。故選C項(xiàng)。【6題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段““WitnessingthepracticaleffectsofGuineaLoftcagesthroughcustomerreviewsandemailsisempowering,”Linsaid.“Assomeonewhoonceplacedgreatemphasisonacademicrecognition,thesuccessofmysidebusinesshasboostedmyconfidenceinexploringlifebeyondhighschool.”(Lin說：“通過客戶評論和電子郵件，我們看到了GuineaLoft豚鼠籠的實(shí)際效果。作為一個曾經(jīng)非常重視學(xué)術(shù)認(rèn)可的人，副業(yè)的成功增強(qiáng)了我探索高中以后生活的信心。”)”可知，她意識到自己設(shè)計(jì)的豚鼠籠實(shí)際效果很好，探索高中以后生活的信心得以增強(qiáng)。由此可知，她聽起來很受鼓舞。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段中“Focusingonfindinganalternativetotraditionalcagesforherpets,thenow17-year-oldfromMountainView,US,beganherdesigns.(來自美國山景城的現(xiàn)年17歲的她專注于為她的寵物尋找一種替代傳統(tǒng)籠子的方法，開始了她的設(shè)計(jì))”可知，文章為讀者講述了BellaLin的故事，她在注意到她的豚鼠在小籠子里不開心后，開始設(shè)計(jì)替代傳統(tǒng)籠子的新型籠子。因此，A項(xiàng)“為我們的寵物做發(fā)明”契合文章主旨，最適合作為文章標(biāo)題。故選A項(xiàng)。CDisabledastronauts-in-traininghavecompletedazero-gravityflight25,000ftaboveEarthtohelpunderstandhowspacesuitsandspaceshipscanbemademoreaccessible.Thegroupof14,whowerefromfivedifferentcountries,includingAustralia,Brazil,Germany,SpainandtheUS,wasmadeupofscientists,engineersanddoctors.Theyhavemobility,visionandhearingdifficulties.Thegroundbreakingtrip,organizedbyAstroAccess,happenedonaZero-GaircraftinHouston,Texas.ItcamejustweeksaftertheEuropeanSpaceAgency(ESA)announcedthatformerParalympianrunner,JohnMcFall,wouldbepartofthe2022ESAAstronautClass.ThemissiontookoffandlandedatEllingtonAirport,nexttotheHoustonSpaceportandtheNASAJohnsonSpacecenter—hometotheUShumanspaceflighttraining.Onclimbingtoaheightof25,000ft,thevehiclebegan18parabolicmanoeuvres(拋物線演習(xí)),allowingthecrewstotestoutwhatwasneededtomaketripstospacemoreaccessibleforthosewithdisabilities.Onegrouptestedasetoftactilegraphics(觸覺圖形)tobeaddedtocabinwallsthatwouldallowbothblindcrewmembersandshort-sightedcrewmemberstomaintainasenseofdirectionduringemergenciesandhelpthemfindemergencydeviceinzerogravityifthelightswentoff.ThoseworkingwiththeBlindandMobilityCrewwereabletodemonstratethatadisabledpersoncanindependentlygetintoalaunchseatandsafelyfastenthefive-pointseatbelt,provingthatdisabledpeoplecansafelyjoinspacemissions.Thehard-of-hearingandblindcrewsworkedwithSonyandSonicCloudtohelpimprovespeechunderstandingsystemsonboard,usingSonicCloud’sinnovativesoundpersonalizationsoftware.MattGohd,CEOofZero-GCorporationsaid:“FromourtimewithStevenHawkingtoourrelationshipwithAstroAccess,Zero-Gbelievesthattheonlylimitsyouhavearetheonesyouplaceonyourself.Wearehonoredtosharethisamazingexperienceandthefirststepstospacewiththisextraordinarygroupofindividuals.Spaceshouldbeopentoeveryone.”8.Whatistheideabehindtheflight?A.Spacetravelcanbeaccessibletoeveryone.B.Spacetravelwillbecomeapopularindustry.C.Spacetravelcandevelopaspiritofadventure.D.Spacetravelwillbegoodforuniverseexploration.9.Whatwasspecialabouttheflight?A.Ithadaformerathleteonboard. B.Itwasdesignedfordisabledpeople.C.Itwasthefirstzero-gravityflightever. D.Itgotfinancialaidfromdifferentcountries.10.Whywerethetestsconducted?A.Tomakepreparationsfortheflight.B.Toenhancespeechunderstandingsystems.C.Tobettertheskillsofthedisabledinusinglaunchseats.D.Toevaluatethepossibilityofspacetravelforthedisabled.11.WhatmessageisconveyedinMattGohd’swords?A.Greatmindsthinkalike. B.Unityisstrength.C.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords. D.Anythingispossible.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章報道了14名殘疾宇航員在AstroAccess組織的幫助下，完成了一次離地球25000英尺的零重力飛行訓(xùn)練，這次飛行旨在測試和改進(jìn)宇航服和宇宙飛船的設(shè)計(jì)，以便讓殘疾人更容易進(jìn)入太空?！即鸢浮?.A9.B10.D11.D【8題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Disabledastronauts-in-traininghavecompletedazero-gravityflight25,000ftaboveEarthtohelpunderstandhowspacesuitsandspaceshipscanbemademoreaccessible.(殘疾宇航員在訓(xùn)練中完成了離地球25000英尺的零重力飛行，以幫助了解如何使宇航服和宇宙飛船更容易使用)”和最后一段中“Spaceshouldbeopentoeveryone.(太空應(yīng)該向所有人開放)”可推知，這次飛行是為了讓殘疾宇航員也可以進(jìn)行太空旅行，其背后的理念是每個人都可以進(jìn)行太空旅行。故選A項(xiàng)。【9題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thegroupof14,whowerefromfivedifferentcountries,includingAustralia,Brazil,Germany,SpainandtheUS,wasmadeupofscientists,engineersanddoctors.Theyhavemobility,visionandhearingdifficulties.(這14人來自澳大利亞、巴西、德國、西班牙和美國等5個不同的國家，由科學(xué)家、工程師和醫(yī)生組成。他們行動不便，視力和聽力都有障礙)”可知，這次飛行的特殊之處在于它是為殘疾人設(shè)計(jì)的。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Onclimbingtoaheightof25,000ft,thevehiclebegan18parabolicmanoeuvres(拋物線演習(xí)),allowingthecrewstotestoutwhatwasneededtomaketripstospacemoreaccessibleforthosewithdisabilities.(在爬升到2.5萬英尺的高度時，飛行器開始了18次拋物線飛行，讓工作人員測試需要什么才能讓殘疾人更方便地前往太空)”可知，測試的目的是評估殘疾人太空旅行的可能性。故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段MattGohd所說的話“FromourtimewithStevenHawkingtoourrelationshipwithAstroAccess,Zero-Gbelievesthattheonlylimitsyouhavearetheonesyouplaceonyourself.Wearehonoredtosharethisamazingexperienceandthefirststepstospacewiththisextraordinarygroupofindividuals.Spaceshouldbeopentoeveryone.(從我們與史蒂芬·霍金的時光到我們與AstroAccess的關(guān)系，Zero-G相信你唯一的限制就是你對自己的限制。我們很榮幸能與這群非凡的人分享這一驚人的經(jīng)歷，并邁出了進(jìn)入太空的第一步。太空應(yīng)該向所有人開放)”可知，MattGohd認(rèn)為人僅受限于自己施加的限制，只要不對自己設(shè)限，任何人都可以進(jìn)行太空旅行。由此可知，他認(rèn)為一切皆有可能。A.英雄所見略同；B.團(tuán)結(jié)就是力量；C.事實(shí)勝于雄辯。故選D項(xiàng)。DWhileit’simpossibletopredictjustwherethenextwildfirewillstart,newDepartmentofDefense-sponsoredresearchfromBrighamYoungUniversity’sFireResearchLabisgettingintothemicroscopicdetailsofhowfiresinitiatetoprovidemoreinsightintohowwildfiresburnthroughwildlandfuels.Fortheirexperiments,fireexpertThomasH.Fletcherandco-authorsloadedleavesof14plantspeciesintothecrucible(坩堝)ofathermogravimetricanalyzer(熱重分析儀)andslowlyturnedtheheatupto800degreesCelsius.Astheywatchedtheleavesburn,theycategorizedthespeedatwhichtheplantbrokedownandthechemicalsproducedbytheheat.Theyalsocomparedtheimpactoftwoheatsources:convective(thinkofwind-drivenfires)andradiative(fromburningplantparticlesorflames).Theresearchfoundthatthechemistryofplantsmakesabigdifferenceinhowfasttheybreakdownbeforetheystarttoburn.That’simportanttoknowbecausethetypeofplantfoundonamountainhillsidemayhelppredicthowafirewillburnandhowquicklyitmightjumptoanotherplantspecies.“Verydetailedmodelsthatalreadyexisttakeuptotwoweekstorunonverybigcomputersandbythattime,thefirehasmovedandit’snotinthesameplaceanymore,”Fletchersaid.“We’reaimingtowardsgivinganswersonhowafiremightpropagateinthenext20minutesorhalfhourinsteadofthenexttwoweeks.”Thestudiesareaimedatimprovingpredictivemodelsforbothprescribed(有計(jì)劃的)burnsandforunplannedwildfires.WithwildfirescostingtheForestServiceandstateagenciesbillionsofdollarstocontrolannually,anyresearchthatcanhelpmakefiremanagementmoreefficientisahighpriority.“Withallwe’vedonetoresearchthem,firesarestilloutofcontrol,”Fletchersaid.“Ourmodelcan’tpreventafire,butitcanhelpwithdecisionsonhowtomanagefiressothatwhenafirestarts,itdoesn’tblowupintoahuge,uncontrollablefire.”12.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A.Theresearchsubjects. B.Theresearchfindings.C.Theresearchprocedures. D.Theresearchobjectives.13.Whatdoestheresearchfindaboutthechemistryofplants?A.Itaffectsthespeedofafire. B.Itisoneofthecausesofafire.C.Itbreaksdownquicklyinafire. D.Ithelpsplantssurviveinafire.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“propagate”inparagraph4mean?A.Explode. B.Spread. C.Diedown. D.Breakout.15.Whydotheresearchersdevelopthenewmodel?A.Tomakethemostoutofwildfires. B.Tocontrolwildfiresmoreefficiently.C.Topredicttheoutbreakofwildfires. D.Topreventwildfiresfromhappening.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了楊百翰大學(xué)火災(zāi)研究實(shí)驗(yàn)室的一項(xiàng)新研究正在深入研究火災(zāi)如何引發(fā)的微觀細(xì)節(jié)，以提供更多關(guān)于野火如何通過荒地燃料燃燒的信息?！即鸢浮?2.C13.A14.B15.B【12題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Fortheirexperiments,fireexpertThomasH.Fletcherandco-authorsloadedleavesof14plantspeciesintothecrucible(坩堝)ofathermogravimetricanalyzer(熱重分析儀)andslowlyturnedtheheatupto800degreesCelsius.Astheywatchedtheleavesburn,theycategorizedthespeedatwhichtheplantbrokedownandthechemicalsproducedbytheheat.Theyalsocomparedtheimpactoftwoheatsources:convective(thinkofwind-drivenfires)andradiative(fromburningplantparticlesorflames).(在他們的實(shí)驗(yàn)中，火災(zāi)專家ThomasH.Fletcher和合著者將14種植物的葉子放入熱重分析儀的坩堝中，慢慢地將熱量提高到800攝氏度。當(dāng)他們觀察樹葉燃燒時，他們對植物分解的速度和熱量產(chǎn)生的化學(xué)物質(zhì)進(jìn)行了分類。他們還比較了兩種熱源的影響：對流熱源(想想風(fēng)力驅(qū)動的火災(zāi))和輻射熱源(燃燒的植物顆?；蚧鹧?。)”可知，第二段主要介紹了ThomasH.Fletcher和合著者開展研究的具體步驟。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Theresearchfoundthatthechemistryofplantsmakesabigdifferenceinhowfasttheybreakdownbeforetheystarttoburn.That’simportanttoknowbecausethetypeofplantfoundonamountainhillsidemayhelppredicthowafirewillburnandhowquicklyitmightjumptoanotherplantspecies.(研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，植物的化學(xué)成分對它們開始燃燒前的分解速度有很大的影響。知道這一點(diǎn)很重要，因?yàn)樵谏狡律习l(fā)現(xiàn)的植物類型可能有助于預(yù)測火災(zāi)將如何燃燒，以及它可能以多快的速度跳到另一種植物身上)”可知，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)植物的化學(xué)成分影響其燃燒前的分解速度，進(jìn)而影響火災(zāi)發(fā)生的速度。故選A項(xiàng)。【14題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞所在句的上文“Verydetailedmodelsthatalreadyexisttakeuptotwoweekstorunonverybigcomputersandbythattime,thefirehasmovedandit’snotinthesameplaceanymore(已經(jīng)存在的非常詳細(xì)的模型需要在非常大的計(jì)算機(jī)上運(yùn)行長達(dá)兩周的時間，到那時，火災(zāi)已經(jīng)轉(zhuǎn)移，它已經(jīng)不在同一個地方了)”可知，已經(jīng)存在的非常詳細(xì)的模型的弊端在于其耗時過久，導(dǎo)致無法對已經(jīng)轉(zhuǎn)移的火災(zāi)進(jìn)行管理，再結(jié)合畫線詞的上文“We’reaimingtowardsgivinganswers(我們的目標(biāo)是給出〖答案〗)”和下文“inthenext20minutesorhalfhourinsteadofthenexttwoweeks(在接下來的20分鐘或半小時，而不是接下來的兩周)”可推知，F(xiàn)letcher的研究目的是在很短的時間內(nèi)給出火災(zāi)如何擴(kuò)散、蔓延的〖答案〗，確保模型的時效性，畫線詞意思應(yīng)該是“傳播，擴(kuò)散”，與spread意思相近。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Ourmodelcan’tpreventafire,butitcanhelpwithdecisionsonhowtomanagefiressothatwhenafirestarts,itdoesn’tblowupintoahuge,uncontrollablefire.(我們的模型不能防止火災(zāi)，但它可以幫助我們決定如何管理火災(zāi)，這樣當(dāng)火災(zāi)發(fā)生時，它就不會演變成無法控制的巨大火災(zāi))”可知，研究者開發(fā)該新模型是為了更有效地控制野火。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Everyonereactstothepressuresofanupcomingtestdifferently.____16____Whenyouknowyouhaveatestahead,prepareyourselfmentallyandphysicallywellinadvancetominimizetestanxiety.Herearesometipstohelpgetyouthroughthedaysleadinguptoyourtest.____17____Ithelpsyouengagewithyourmaterial,anditgivesyousomethingelseforreferencewhenyoustudylater.Ifyournotesaredetailedenough,youcanreadoverthemtostudy.Youcanalsousethemtomakeflashcardsandotherstudyaids.Whereyoustudycanbejustasimportantashowyoustudy.Chooseaplacethat’scomfortable,whetherthat’syourbedroom,aquiettableatthelibrary,orabenchatthelocalpark.Makesuretheareahasgoodlightingsoyouaren’tstrainingyoureyes,andensureit’squietandfreefromdistractions.____18____Don’ttrytocram(填塞)allofyourmaterialintoyourbrainthenightbeforethebigtest.Crammingcancausestressandanxiety.____19____Forexample,ifyouknowthetestisintwoweeks,dividethematerialinto10to14partsandspendasetamountoftimeeachdaytoreviewonepart.Ifyouworkwellwithgroups,considerformingorjoiningastudygroupwithotherswhoareseriousaboutpassingthetest.Trytokeepthegroupsmallsothateveryonehasachancetoengage.____20____Andconsidermakingsomeonetheleaderofthegrouptohelpkeepeveryoneontrack.A.Instead,it’sbesttostudyalittlebiteachday.B.Butit’snormaltofeelabitnervousoranxious.C.Agreeonascheduleandlocationtomeeteachweek.D.There’snoneedtostayupcrammingthenightbeforethebigtest.E.Considerturningoffyourphoneandanyotherelectronicdevices.F.Preparingforatestcanbegindays,weeks,andevenmonthsinadvance.G.Notetakinghelpsfocusyourattentiononwhatyou’rereadingorhearing.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了提前做好心理和身體上的準(zhǔn)備，把考試焦慮降到最低的一些方法?！即鸢浮?6.B17.G18.E19.A20.C【16題詳析】前文“Everyonereactstothepressuresofanupcomingtestdifferently.(每個人對即將到來的考試壓力的反應(yīng)都不一樣)”引出對考試壓力的反應(yīng)這一話題，后文“Whenyouknowyouhaveatestahead,prepareyourselfmentallyandphysicallywellinadvancetominimizetestanxiety.(當(dāng)你知道你要考試的時候，提前做好心理和身體上的準(zhǔn)備，把考試焦慮降到最低)”建議通過提前做好準(zhǔn)備來降低考試焦慮，因此空處應(yīng)該與對考試感到焦慮相關(guān)，B項(xiàng)“Butit’snormaltofeelabitnervousoranxious.(但感到有點(diǎn)緊張或焦慮是正常的)”符合語境，承上啟下，其中的anxious和后文的anxiety呼應(yīng)。故選B?！?7題詳析】后文“Ithelpsyouengagewithyourmaterial,anditgivesyousomethingelseforreferencewhenyoustudylater.Ifyournotesaredetailedenough,youcanreadoverthemtostudy.Youcanalsousethemtomakeflashcardsandotherstudyaids.(它可以幫助你理解你的材料，并為你以后學(xué)習(xí)提供一些參考。如果你的筆記足夠詳細(xì)，你可以通讀一遍來學(xué)習(xí)。你也可以用它們來制作抽認(rèn)卡和其他學(xué)習(xí)輔助工具)”主要介紹筆記的作用，空處位于段首，是段落主旨句，應(yīng)該是總的點(diǎn)明做筆記的好處，G項(xiàng)“Notetakinghelpsfocusyourattentiononwhatyou’rereadingorhearing.(做筆記可以幫助你將注意力集中在所讀或所聽的內(nèi)容上)”符合語境，契合段落內(nèi)容，其中的notetaking是后文it指代的對象。故選G?！?8題詳析】前文“Makesuretheareahasgoodlightingsoyouaren’tstrainingyoureyes,andensureit’squietandfreefromdistractions.(確保這個地方有良好的照明，這樣你就不會累到眼睛，并確保它是安靜的，沒有干擾)”給出學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境的要求，需確保照明良好，以及安靜不受打擾，空處應(yīng)該與怎樣確保安靜不受打擾相關(guān)，E項(xiàng)“Considerturningoffyourphoneandanyotherelectronicdevices.(考慮關(guān)掉手機(jī)和其他電子設(shè)備)”符合語境，承接前文，其中的phoneandanyotherelectronicdevices和前文的distractions呼應(yīng)。故選E?！?9題詳析】前文“Crammingcancausestressandanxiety.(填鴨式學(xué)習(xí)會導(dǎo)致壓力和焦慮)”指出填鴨式學(xué)習(xí)的壞處，后文“Forexample,ifyouknowthetestisintwoweeks,dividethematerialinto10to14partsandspendasetamountoftimeeachdaytoreviewonepart.(例如，如果你知道考試是在兩周內(nèi)，把材料分成10到14個部分，每天花一定的時間復(fù)習(xí)一個部分)”給出考前每天學(xué)一點(diǎn)的具體例子，因此空處應(yīng)該是建議每天學(xué)一點(diǎn)，A項(xiàng)“Instead,it’sbesttostudyalittlebiteachday.(相反，最好是每天學(xué)習(xí)一點(diǎn))”符合語境，承上啟下。故選A?！?0題詳析】前文“Trytokeepthegroupsmallsothateveryonehasachancetoengage.(盡量讓小組成員少一些，這樣每個人都有機(jī)會參與)”給出小組學(xué)習(xí)的第一點(diǎn)建議，保持小規(guī)模，后文“Andconsidermakingsomeonetheleaderofthegrouptohelpkeepeveryoneontrack.(并考慮讓一個人擔(dān)任團(tuán)隊(duì)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，以幫助每個人都走上正軌)”給出小組學(xué)習(xí)的另一點(diǎn)建議，確保有人擔(dān)任領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，因此空處應(yīng)該是小組學(xué)習(xí)的第二點(diǎn)建議，C項(xiàng)“Agreeonascheduleandlocationtomeeteachweek.(約定好每周見面的時間和地點(diǎn))”符合語境，和前后兩句是平行關(guān)系。故選C。第二部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。TheLadakhregion,thenorthernmostplateauofIndia,sitsmorethan3,000mabovesealevel.ThetallHimalayanmountainsstopthe____21____rainsfromcomingthere.SoLadakhhasusuallybeen____22____inthesunfor300daysperyear.Floodswere____23____unheardofbefore.However,floodshave____24____fourtimessince2010owingtoclimatechange.Adecadeandahalfago,theLadakhilandprovidedvillagerswitha____25____watersupply.Wintersnowmelted(融化)to____26____riversandprovidedwaterforagricultureinthespring.Butclimatechangehasseenaveragewinter____27____inLadakhirise.Thesnowmeltsfaster,____28____villagerswithlittleornowaterinthespring.Moreandmore____29____areleaving.Despitethat,thereis_____30_____forthisregion.In2019,engineerSonamWangchuk_____31_____unmeltediceunderabridge,shelteredfromthesun._____32_____,hehadanidea.Wangchukwantedtohelpvillagers_____33_____waterinwinterwhichcouldbesavedforuseinthespring.Freezingitintheshapeofacone(圓錐體)couldmaximizethevolumeoficepersurfaceareaexposedtothesunand_____34_____theamountoftimeitwouldtaketomelt.Theengineerandateamoflocalpeoplebeganlookingforthebestwayofcreatingconesofice.Eventually,theydidit.Nownamedicetowers,theyhavegained_____35_____allacrossLadakh.21.A.heavy B.cold C.daily D.annual22.A.lost B.bathed C.trapped D.hidden23.A.virtually B.eventually C.frequently D.accidentally24.A.decreased B.risen C.occurred D.escaped25.A.limited B.stable C.unique D.changeable26.A.slowdown B.cleanup C.divide D.feed27.A.temperatures B.snowfalls C.fogs D.rivers28.A.surrounding B.helping C.leaving D.equipping29.A.hikers B.farmers C.engineers D.businessmen30.A.doubt B.fear C.peace D.hope31.A.remembered B.searched C.noticed D.measured32.A.Then B.Besides C.However D.Instead33.A.carry B.produce C.freeze D.purify34.A.lengthen B.save C.display D.reduce35.A.fame B.strength C.victory D.popularity【語篇解讀】這是一篇新聞報道。短文介紹了氣候變化影響了拉達(dá)克地區(qū)的水供給以及解決的措施?！即鸢浮?1.D22.B23.A24.C25.B26.D27.A28.C29.B30.D31.C32.A33.C34.A35.D【21題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：拉達(dá)克地區(qū)是印度最北端的高原，海拔3000多米。高聳的喜馬拉雅山脈阻擋了每年的雨水。A.heavy重的；B.cold冷的；C.daily日常的；D.annual每年的。根據(jù)上文“ThetallHimalayanmountains”可知，高聳的喜馬拉雅山脈阻擋了每年的雨水。故選D項(xiàng)。【22題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，拉達(dá)克通常每年有300天沐浴在陽光下。A.lost丟失；B.bathed沐??；C.trapped設(shè)陷阱；D.hidden隱藏。根據(jù)上文“hetallHimalayanmountainsstopthe________rainsfromcomingthere.”以及“inthesun”可知，拉達(dá)克通常每年有300天沐浴在陽光下。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：洪水事實(shí)上以前幾乎聞所未聞。A.virtually事實(shí)上；B.eventually最終地；C.frequently頻繁地；D.accidentally意外地。根據(jù)上文“SoLadakhhasusuallybeen_______inthesunfor300daysperyear.”可知，洪水事實(shí)上以前都沒聽說過。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，自2010年以來，由于氣候變化，洪水已經(jīng)發(fā)生了四次。A.decreased減少；B.risen上升；C.occurred發(fā)生；D.escaped逃跑。根據(jù)上文“since2010owingtoclimatechange.”以及“fourtimes”可知，洪水已經(jīng)發(fā)生了四次。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：15年前，拉達(dá)克的土地為村民提供了穩(wěn)定的供水。A.limited限制的；B.stable穩(wěn)定的；C.unique獨(dú)一無二的；D.changeable可改變的。根據(jù)下文“Wintersnowmelted（融化）to________riversandprovidedwaterforagricultureinthespring.”可知，15年前，拉達(dá)克的土地為村民提供了穩(wěn)定的供水。故選B項(xiàng)?！?6題詳析】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：冬天的雪融化后供給河流，并在春天為農(nóng)業(yè)提供了水。A.slowdown放慢；B.cleanup清理；C.divide（使）分開；D.feed喂養(yǎng)，供給。根據(jù)下文“providedwaterforagricultureinthespring”可知，雪融化后供給河流。故選D項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但氣候變化導(dǎo)致拉達(dá)克冬季平均氣溫上升。A.temperatures溫度；B.snowfalls降雪；C.fogs霧；D.rivers河流。根據(jù)下文“Thesnowmeltsfaster”可知，溫度上升。故選A項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：雪融化得更快，使得村民們在春天幾乎沒有水。A.surrounding包圍；B.helping幫助；C.leaving離開，使得；D.equipping裝備。根據(jù)上文“Thesnowmeltsfaster”可知，溫度上升，雪融化快，使得村民們在春天幾乎沒有水。故選C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：越來越多的農(nóng)民離開。A.hikers徒步者；B.farmers農(nóng)民；C.engineers工程師；D.businessmen商人。根據(jù)上文“villagers”可知，農(nóng)民離開了土地。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管如此，這個地區(qū)還是有希望的。A.doubt懷疑；B.fear害怕；C.peace和平；D.hope希望。根據(jù)下文“In2019,engineerSonamWangchuk________unmeltediceunderabridge,shelteredfromthesun.______,hehadanidea.Wangchukwantedtohelpvillagers________waterinwinterwhichcouldbesavedforuseinthespring.”可知，還是有希望的。故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：2019年，工程師索南·旺楚克(SonamWangchuk)注意到一座遮陽的橋下有未融化的冰。A.remembered記得；B.searched搜尋；C.noticed注意；D.measured測量。根據(jù)下文“unmeltediceunderabridge,shelteredfromthesun.”可知，這是注意到的事情。故選C項(xiàng)。【32題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然后，他有了一個主意。A.Then然后；B.Besides此外；C.However然而；D.Instead而不是。先是注意到，然后是有了一個好主意。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：旺楚克想幫助村民們在冬天把水凍起來，以便在春天使用。A.carry攜帶；B.produce制造；C.freeze結(jié)冰；D.purify使（某物）潔凈。根據(jù)下文“Freezing”可知，冬天能凍得住冰。故選C項(xiàng)。【34題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：將其凍結(jié)成錐形可以最大限度地增加暴露在陽光下的每個表面的冰量，并延長融化所需的時間。A.lengthen加長；B.save拯救；C.display展示；D.reduce減少。根據(jù)上文“maximizethevolumeoficepersurfaceareaexposedtothesun”可知，延長融化所需的時間。故選A項(xiàng)。【35題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：它們現(xiàn)在被命名為冰塔，在拉達(dá)克各地都很受歡迎。A.fame名譽(yù)；B.strength力氣；C.victory勝利；D.popularity流行，普及。根據(jù)上文“Eventually,theydidit.可知，”冰塔解決了水供給問題，所以冰塔是很受的。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。VolhaHalpyarovich,fromBelarus,____36____(experience)thehealingpoweroftraditionalChinesemedicine(TCM)asachild.“WhenIcaughtacoldorhadacough,mymomusedtomakeacupping,atechniquethatinvolvesplacingcupsontheskin____37____(create)suction(吸力),”saidHalpyarovich.AftershemovedtoChinaover12yearsago,shebecameevenmorecrazyaboutChinesemedicine.Livinginacommunitywithadrugstore____38____Chinesetraditionalherbsandmedicineweresold,Halpyarovichmetanexperienceddoctor.Thewiseoldgentlemanbeganwithathoroughdiagnosis,checkingherpulse,examininghertongue,andobservinghereyes.Tohersurprise,heaccuratelypointedoutherhealthissues____39____talkingtoomuch.TCMviewsthebodyas____40____universeconnectedwithnature.Itfocusesonimprovingbloodcirculationandremovingblocks,____41____(lead)toenhancedwell-being.Afterfollowingthetreatment,Halpyarovichfelt____42____(good).ShebelievesthattraditionalChinesemedicineisnotonlyakindoftreatment,butit’salifestyle.Asmorepeopleseekharmonywithnatureandwithin____43____(they),HalpyarovichrecommendstraditionalChinesemedicine.“Ifindittobea