新高考數(shù)學(xué)一輪復(fù)習(xí)第8章 第04講 直線與圓、圓與圓的位置關(guān)系 精練（學(xué)生版）

第04講直線與圓、圓與圓的位置關(guān)系(精練）A夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)B能力提升C綜合素養(yǎng)A夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)一、單選題1．已知兩圓分別為圓SKIPIF1<0和圓SKIPIF1<0，這兩圓的位置關(guān)系是（

）A．相離 B．相交 C．內(nèi)切 D．外切2．已知圓SKIPIF1<0與直線SKIPIF1<0相切，則SKIPIF1<0（

）A．SKIPIF1<0 B．SKIPIF1<0 C．SKIPIF1<0 D．SKIPIF1<03．已知圓SKIPIF1<0：SKIPIF1<0，圓SKIPIF1<0：SKIPIF1<0，若圓SKIPIF1<0與圓SKIPIF1<0內(nèi)切，則實(shí)數(shù)a的值是（

）A．SKIPIF1<0 B．2 C．SKIPIF1<0或2 D．1或SKIPIF1<04．直線SKIPIF1<0與圓SKIPIF1<0相交于SKIPIF1<0兩點(diǎn)，若SKIPIF1<0，則SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍是（

）A．SKIPIF1<0 B．SKIPIF1<0 C．SKIPIF1<0 D．SKIPIF1<05．已知SKIPIF1<0是圓SKIPIF1<0內(nèi)一點(diǎn)，則過點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0最短的弦長為（

）A．SKIPIF1<0 B．SKIPIF1<0 C．SKIPIF1<0 D．SKIPIF1<06．已知圓C：SKIPIF1<0和兩點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0，SKIPIF1<0若圓C上存在點(diǎn)P，使得SKIPIF1<0為直角，則m的取值范圍是（

）A．SKIPIF1<0 B．SKIPIF1<0 C．SKIPIF1<0 D．SKIPIF1<07．已知點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0分別為圓SKIPIF1<0與圓SKIPIF1<0的任意一點(diǎn)，則SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍是（

）A．SKIPIF1<0 B．SKIPIF1<0C．SKIPIF1<0 D．SKIPIF1<08．若直線SKIPIF1<0與曲線SKIPIF1<0有兩個不同的交點(diǎn)，則實(shí)數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍是（

）A．SKIPIF1<0 B．SKIPIF1<0C．SKIPIF1<0 D．SKIPIF1<0二、多選題9．若直線SKIPIF1<0與曲線SKIPIF1<0有公共點(diǎn)，則實(shí)數(shù)m可以（

）A．SKIPIF1<0 B．SKIPIF1<0C．SKIPIF1<0 D．SKIPIF1<010．阿波羅尼斯SKIPIF1<0古希臘數(shù)學(xué)家，約公元前SKIPIF1<0年SKIPIF1<0的著作SKIPIF1<0圓錐曲線論SKIPIF1<0是古代世界光輝的科學(xué)成果，它將圓錐曲線的性質(zhì)網(wǎng)羅殆盡，幾乎使后人沒有插足的余地．他證明過這樣一個命題：平面內(nèi)與兩定點(diǎn)距離的比為常數(shù)SKIPIF1<0且SKIPIF1<0的點(diǎn)的軌跡是圓，后人將這個圓稱為阿波羅尼斯圓．現(xiàn)有圓C：SKIPIF1<0和點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0，若圓C上存在點(diǎn)P，使SKIPIF1<0其中O為坐標(biāo)原點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0，則t的取值可以是（

）A．1 B．2 C．3 D．4三、填空題11．直線l過點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0截圓SKIPIF1<0所得的弦長等于SKIPIF1<0，則直線l的方程是___________．12．已知圓SKIPIF1<0：SKIPIF1<0，圓SKIPIF1<0：SKIPIF1<0，SKIPIF1<0、SKIPIF1<0分別是圓SKIPIF1<0，SKIPIF1<0上動點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0是SKIPIF1<0軸上動點(diǎn)，則SKIPIF1<0的最大值是_________.四、解答題13．已知圓M的圓心在直線SKIPIF1<0上，圓M與y軸相切，且圓M截x軸正半軸所得弦長為SKIPIF1<0．(1)求圓M的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)方程；(2)若過點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0且斜率為k的直線l交圓M于A、B兩點(diǎn)，且點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0，當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0的面積為SKIPIF1<0，求直線l的方程．14．如圖，圓SKIPIF1<0，點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0為直線SKIPIF1<0上一動點(diǎn)，過點(diǎn)P引圓M的兩條切線，切點(diǎn)分別為A，B.(1)求直線AB的方程，并寫出直線AB所經(jīng)過的定點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)；(2)若兩條切線PA，PB與y軸分別交于S?T兩點(diǎn)，求SKIPIF1<0的最小值.B能力提升1．設(shè)點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0為直線SKIPIF1<0上一點(diǎn)，則由該點(diǎn)向圓SKIPIF1<0所作的切線長的最小值是（

）A．2 B．3 C．4 D．62．若圓SKIPIF1<0上恰有2個點(diǎn)到直線SKIPIF1<0的距離為1，則實(shí)數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍為（

）A．SKIPIF1<0 B．SKIPIF1<0 C．SKIPIF1<0 D．SKIPIF1<03．古希臘著名數(shù)學(xué)家阿波羅尼斯發(fā)現(xiàn)：平面內(nèi)到兩個定點(diǎn)A，B的距離之比為定值SKIPIF1<0(SKIPIF1<0)的點(diǎn)的軌跡是圓，此圓被稱為“阿波羅尼斯圓”.在平面直角坐標(biāo)系xoy中，已知SKIPIF1<0，SKIPIF1<0，點(diǎn)P滿足SKIPIF1<0，設(shè)點(diǎn)P的軌跡為圓C，下列結(jié)論中正確的個數(shù)是(

)①圓C的方程是SKIPIF1<0②過點(diǎn)A向圓C引切線，兩條切線的夾角為60°③過點(diǎn)A作直線l，若圓C上恰有三個點(diǎn)到直線l距離為2，該直線斜率為SKIPIF1<0④在直線SKIPIF1<0上存在異于A，B的兩點(diǎn)D，E，使得SKIPIF1<0A．1個 B．2個 C．3個 D．4個4．若直線SKIPIF1<0與曲線SKIPIF1<0．

僅有一個公共點(diǎn)，則SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍是（

）A．SKIPIF1<0 B．SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0C．SKIPIF1<0 D．SKIPIF1<0C綜合素養(yǎng)1．已知圓SKIPIF1<0與圓SKIPIF1<0關(guān)于直線SKIPIF1<0對稱，且被直線SKIPIF1<0截得的弦長為SKIPIF1<0．(1)求圓SKIPIF1<0的方程；(2)若SKIPIF1<0，SKIPIF1<0為圓SKIPIF1<0上兩個不同的點(diǎn)，SKIPIF1<0為坐標(biāo)原點(diǎn)．設(shè)直線SKIPIF1<0，SKIPIF1<0，SKIPIF1<0的斜率分別為SKIPIF1<0，SKIPIF1<0，當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時，求SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍．2．如圖，在平面直角坐標(biāo)系xOy中，已知圓C：x2+y2-4x=0及點(diǎn)A（-1，0），B（1，2）．(1)若直線l平行于AB，與圓C相交于