職稱英語(yǔ)衛(wèi)生類a級(jí)模擬17

職稱英語(yǔ)衛(wèi)生類A級(jí)模擬17

第1部分：詞匯選項(xiàng)

下面每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)劃有底橫線，請(qǐng)為每處劃線部分確定1個(gè)意義最為接

近的選項(xiàng)。

1>Theyhaveaccomplishedtheirmissionsuccessfully.

A.realizedB.designed

C.completedD.arranged

2、Thedoctorshaveabandon6dthehopetorescuetheoldman.

A.leftB.givenup

C.turneddownD.refused

3、IhopethatIdidn11doanythingabsurdlastnight.

A.awkwardB.strange

C.stupidD.awful

4、Thescientistsbegantoaccumulatedata.

A.collectB.handle

C.analyzeD.investigate

5、ThepoetWilliamCarloswasaNewJerseyphysician.

A.doctorB.professor

C.physicistD.resident

6、Theclothesapersonwearsmayexpresshisstandingorsocialposition.

A.curiosityB.status

C.determinationD.significance

7>Thetravelerswerereadytoenjoythespectaculartidalwaveswhensuddenly

athickfogcameupandobscuredthewholescene.

A.blurredB.belittled

C.bannedD.collapsed

8、Poorhealthandlackofmoneymaybothbetoeducationalprogressroadblocks.

A.restraintsB.stains

C.scarcitiesD.barriers

9、Theyrefusedtoacknowledgethattheyweredefeated.11

A.admitB.declare

C.agreeD.commit

10、Wehavetakeneffectivemeasurestopreserveournaturalresources.

A.protectB.reserve

C-consumeD.save

11、Ithasbeenrevealedthatsomegovernmentleadersill-usedtheirauthority

andpositiontogetillegalmoneyforthemselves.

A.employB.take

C.abuseD.overlook

12、Medicinedependsonotherfieldsforbasicinformation,particularlysome

oftheirspecializedbranches.

A.conventionallyB.obviously

C.especiallyD.inevitably

13>ItseemsthatonlyMaryiseligibleforthejob.

A.preparedB.trained

C.qualifiedD.guided

14、Below600feetoceanwatersrangefromdimlylittocompletelydark.

A.inadequatelyB.hardly

C.faintlyD.sufficiently

15>Youmustshineyourshoes.

A.lightenB.clean

C.washD.polish

第2部分：閱讀判斷

下面的短文后列出了7個(gè)句子，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對(duì)每個(gè)句子做出判斷：如果該句提的

是正確信息，請(qǐng)選擇A；如果該句提的是錯(cuò)誤信息，請(qǐng)選擇B；如果該句的信息文中沒(méi)

有提及，請(qǐng)選擇，

Bacteria

Bacteriaareextremelysmalllivingthings.Whilewemeasureourownsizes

ininchesorcentimeters,bacterialsizeismeasuredinmicrons.Onemicron

isathousandofamillimeter：apinheadisaboutamillimeteracross.

Rod-shapedbacteriaareusuallyfromtwotofourmicronslong,whilerounded

onesaregenerallyonemicronindiameter.Thusifyouenlargedarounded

bacteriumathousandtimes,itwouldbejustaboutthesizeofapinhead.

Anadulthumanmagnifiedbythesameamountwouldbeoveramile(1.6kilometers)

tall.Evenwithanordinarymicroscope,youmustlookcloselytoseebacteria.

Usingamagnificationof100times,onefindsthatbacteriaarebarelyvisible

astinyrodsordots.Onecannotmakeoutanythingoftheirstructure.Using

specialstainszonecanseethatsomebacteriahaveattachedtothemwavy-looking

HhairsHcalledflagella.Othershaveonlyoneflagellum.Theflagellarotate,

pushingthebacteriathroughthewater.Manybacterialackflagellaandcannot

moveaboutbytheirownpower,whileotherscanglidealongoversurfaces

bysomelittle-understoodmechanism.

Fromthebacterialpointofview,theworldisaverydifferentplacefrom

whatitistohumans.Toabacteriumwaterisasthickasmolassesistous.

Bacteriaaresosmallthattheyareinfluencedbythemovementsofthechemical

moleculesaroundthem.Bacteriaunderthemicroscope,eventhosewithno

flagella,oftenbounceaboutinthewater.Thisisbecausetheycollidewith

thewatermoleculesandarepushedthiswayandthat.Moleculesmovesorapidly

thatwithinatenthofasecondthemoleculesaroundabacteriumhaveall

beenreplacedbynewones；evenbacteriawithoutflagellaarethusconstantly

exposedtoachangingenvironment.

16、Bacteriaareextremelysmallanditssizeismeasuredinmicrons.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

17>Rod-shapedbacteriaaresmallerthantheroundedones.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

18>It1shardtoseebacteriaclearlyevenwithanordinarymicroscope.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

19>Allthebacteriahavemorethanoneflagellum.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

20、Peoplehavedonealotofresearchonthemechanismwhichmakessomebacteria

move.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

21>Bacteriabounceinthewater,becausetheyclashwithwatermolecules.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

22、Bacteriaareharmfulforourhealth.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

第3部分：概括大意與完成句子

下面的短文后有2項(xiàng)測(cè)試任務(wù)：（1）第23?26題要求所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為第2?5段每段選

擇1個(gè)最佳標(biāo)題；（2）第27?30題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為每個(gè)句子確定1個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。

ScreenTest

1EveryyearmillionsofwomenarescreenedwithX-raystopickupsignsofbreast

cancer.Ifthishappensearlyenough,thediseasecanoftenbetreatedsuccessfully.

Accordingtoasurveypublishedlastyear,21countrieshavescreeningprogrammes.

Nineofthem,includingAustralia,Canada,theUSandSpain,screenwomenunder50.

2Butthemedicalbenefitsofscreeningtheseyoungerwomenarecontroversial,

partlybecausetheradiationbringsasmallriskofinducingcancer.Also,younger

womenmustbegivenhigherdosesofX-raysbecausetheirbreasttissueisdenser.

3ResearchersatthePolytechnicUniversityofValenciaanalyzedtheeffectof

screeningmorethan160,000womenat11localclinics.Afterestimatingthewomen's

cumulativedoseofradiation,theyusedtwomodelstocalculatethenumberofextra

cancersthiswouldcause.

4ThemathematicalmodelrecommendedbyBritain'sNationalRadiological

ProtectionBoard（NRPB.predictedthatthescreeningprogrammewouldcause36

cancersper100,000women,18ofthemfatal.ThemodelpreferredbytheUNScientific

CommitteeontheEffectsofAtomicRadiationledtoalowerfigureof20cancers.

5Theresearchersarguethatthelevelofradiation-inducedcancersis"notvery

significant"comparedtothefarlargernumberofcancersthatarediscoveredand

treated.TheValenciaprogrammer,theysay,detectsbetween300and450casesof

breastcancerinevery100,000womenscreened.

6Buttheypointoutthattheriskofwomencontractingcancerfromradiation

couldbereducedbybetween40and80percentifscreeningbeganat50insteadof45,

becausetheywouldbeexposedtolessradiation.Theresultsoftheirstudy,theysuggest,

couldhelp"optimizethetechnique"forbreastcancerscreening.

7"Thereisatrade-offbetweenthediagnosticbenefitsofbreastscreeningandits

risks,'*admitsMichaelClarkoftheNRPB.Buthewarnsthatthestudyshouldbe

interpretedwithcaution."Onthebasisofthecurrentdata,forevery10cancers

successfullydetectedandpreventedthereisariskofcausingonelaterinlife,That's

whyradiationexposureshouldbeminimizedinanyscreeningprogrammer.

A.HarmScreeningMayDotoaYoungerWoman

B.InvestigatingtheEffectofScreening

C.EffectsPredictedbyTwoDifferentModels

D.SmallRiskofInducingCancersfromRadiation

E.TreatmentofCancers

F.FactorsThatTriggerCancers

23、Paragraph2

24、Paragraph3

25、Paragraph4

26、Paragraph5

A.becostly

B.harmful

C.savealife

D.stillopentodebate

E.reducetheriskofradiationtriggeringacancer

F.reducedtotheminimum

27、Earlydiscoveryofbreastcancermay.

28、Advantagesofscreeningyoungerwomenare.

29、Delayingtheageatwhichscreeningstartsmay.

30、Radiationexposureshouldbe?

第4部分：閱讀理解

下面有3篇短文，每篇后有5道題。請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，為每題定1個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。

弟扁

Humanityusesalittlelessthanhalfthewateravailableworldwide.Yet

occurrencesofshortagesanddroughts（干旱）arecausingfamineanddistress

insomeareas,andindustrialandagriculturalby-productsarepollutingwater

supplies.Sincetheworld*spopulationisexpectedtodoubleinthenext50

years,manyexpertsthinkweareontheedgeofawidespreadwatercrisis.

Butthatdoesn11havetobetheoutcome.Watershortagesdonothaveto

troubletheworld--ifwestartvaluingwatermorethanwehaveinthepast.

Justaswe1begantoappreciatepetroleummoreafterthe1970soilcrises,

todaywemuststartlookingatwaterfromafresheconomicperspective.We

cannolongeraffordtoconsiderwateravirtuallyfreeresourceofwhich

wecanuseasmuchaswelikeinanywaywewant.

Instead,forallusesexceptthedomesticdemandofthepoor,governments

shouldpricewatertoreflectitsactualvalue.Thismeanschargingafee

forthewateritselfaswellasforthesupplycosts.

Governmentsshouldalsoprotectthisresourcebyprovidingwaterinmore

economicallyandenvironmentallysoundways.Forexample,oftenthecheapest

waytoprovideirrigation（灌溉）waterinthedrytropicsisthroughsmall-scale

projects,suchasgatheringrainfallindepressions（凹地）andpumpingitto

nearbycropland.

Nomatterwhatstepsgovernmentstaketoprovidewatermoreefficiently,

theymustchangetheirinstitutionalandlegalapproachestowateruse.Rather

thanspreadcontrolamonghundredsoreventhousandsoflocal,regional,and

nationalagenciesthatwatchvariousaspectsofwaterusezcountriesshould

setupcentralauthoritiestocoordinatewaterpolicy.

31>Whatistherealcauseofthepotentialwatercrisis?

A.Onlyhalfoftheworld1swatercanbeused.

B.Theworldpopulationisincreasingfasterandfaster.

C.Halfoftheworld*swaterresourceshavebeenseriouslypolluted.

D.Humanityhasnotplacedefficientvalueonwaterresources.

32、Asindicatedinthepassage,thewaterproblem.

A.isalreadyseriousincertainpartsoftheworld

B.hasbeenexaggeratedbysomeexpertsinthefield

C.posesachallengetothetechnologyofbuildingreservoirs

D.isunderestimatedbygovernmentorganizationsatdifferentlevels

33、Accordingtotheauthor,thewaterpriceshould.

A.bereducedtotheminimum

B.stimulatedomesticdemand

C.correspondtoitsrealvalue

D.takeintoaccounttheoccurrencesofdroughts

34、Theauthorsaysthatinsomehotanddryareasitisadvisableto.

A.buildbiglakestostorewater

B.constructbigpumpingstations

C.buildsmallandcheapirrigationsystems

D.channelwaterfromnearbyriverstocropland

35、Inordertoraisetheefficiencyofthewatersupply,measuresshould

betakento______.

A.guaranteefullprotectionoftheenvironment

B.centralizethemanagementofwaterresources

C.increasethesenseofresponsibilityofagenciesatalllevels

D.encouragelocalandregionalofwaterresources

弟一

U.S.toStart$3.2BillionChildHealthStudyinJanuary

"Astudythatwillcost$3.2billionandlastmorethantwodecadesto

trackthehealthof100,000U.S.childrenfrombeforebirthtoage21will

belaunchedinJanuary.”U.S.healthofficialssaidonFriday.

OfficialsfromtheU.S.government1sNationalInstitutesofHealthsaid

theyhopethestudy,tobeconductedat105locationsthroughouttheUnited

States,canhelpidentifyearly-lifeinfluencesthataffectlaterdevelopment,

withthegoaloflearningnewwaystotreatorpreventillness.

Thestudywillexaminehereditaryandenvironmentalfactorssuchasexposure

tocertainchemicalsthataffecthealth.

Researcherswillcollectgeneticandbiologicalsamplesfrompeoplein

thestudyaswellassamplesfromthehomesofthewomenandtheirbabies

includingair,water,dustandmaterialsusedtoconstructtheirresidences,

theNIHsaid.

Officialssaidmorethan$200millionhasbeenspentalreadyandthestudy

isprojectedtocost$3.2billion.

"Weanticipatethatinthelongterm,whatwelearnfromthestudywill

resultinasignificantsavingsinthenation*shealthcarecosts.HDr.Duane

Alexander,whoheadstheNIH1sEuniceKennedyShriverNationalInstituteof

ChildHealthandHumanDevelopmentztoldreporters.

ThestudywillbegininJanuarywhentheUniversityofNorthCarolinaand

theMountSinaiSchoolofMedicineinNewYorkstartsigninguppregnantwomen

whosebabieswillthenbefollowedtoage21.

Someoftheearlyfindingswillbeaboutfactorsbehindpre-termbirth,

whichhasbecomemorecommoninrecentyearszaccordingtoDr.PeterScheldt

oftheNIH,whoheadsthestudy.

Thepeopletakingpartwillbefromruralzurbanandsuburbanareas,from

allincomeandeducationallevelsandfromallracialgroupsztheNIHsaid.

36、Theaimofthestudyistofindnewwaysto.

A.conductresearch

B.trackpublichealth

C.preventortreatillness

D.speedupdevelopment

37、ResearcherswillcollectallthefollowingEXCEPT.

A.geneticsamplesfrompeopleinthestudy

B.biologicalsamplesfrompeopleinthestudy

C.samplesfromthehomesofthewomenandtheirbabies

D.samplesofairandwaterfromhospitals

38、Itisexpectedthatthroughthestudythenation1shealthcarecosts.

A.willbeloweredinthelongrun

B.willbesignificantlyincreased

C.willbemorethan$200million

D.willreach$3.2billion

39、Thebabiesoftheparticipantswillbefollowed

A.throughouttheirlives

B.formorethantwodecades

c.frombirthto21months

D.untiltheygetmarried

40、WhichisNOTtrueofthepeopleinthestudy?

A.They*11befromvariousareas.

B.They*11befromallincomelevels.

C.They111befromalleducationallevels.

D.They111befromallagegroups.

Sleepwalking（夢(mèng)游）

Notallsleepisthesameeverynight.Weexperiencesomedeep,quietsleep

andsomeactivesleep,whichiswhendreamshappen.Youmightthinksleepwalking

wouldhappenduringactivesleep,butapersonisn11physicallyactiveduring

activesleep.Sleepwalkingusuallyhappensinthefirstfewhoursofsleep

inthestagecalledslow-waveordeepsleep.

Notallsleepwalkersactuallywalk.Somesimplysituporstandinbed

oractlikethey1reawakewheninfact,they'reasleep!Most,however,do

getupandmovearoundforafewsecondsorforaslongashalfanhour.

Sleepwalkers*eyesareopen,buttheydon11seethesamewaytheydowhen

they1reawakeandoftenthinkthey1reindifferentroomsofthehouseordifferent

placesaltogether*.Sleepwalkerstendtogobacktobedontheirownandthey

won*trememberitinthemorning.

Researchersestimatethatabout15%ofkidssleepwalkregularly.

Sleepwalkingmayruninfamilies（在家族中世代相傳）andsometimesoccurswhen

apersonissick,hasafever,isnotgettingenoughsleep,orisstressed

（緊張）.

Ifsleepwalkingoccursfrequently,everynightorso,it1sagoodidea

foryourmomordadtotakeyoutoseeyourdoctor.Butoccasionalsleepwalking

generallyisn1tsomethingtoworryabout,althoughitmaylookfunnyoreven

scary（駭人的）forthepeoplewhoseeasleepwalkerinaction.

Althoughoccasionalsleepwalkingisn11abigdeal,it1simportant,ofcourse,

thatthepersoniskeptsafe.Precautions（預(yù)防措施）shouldbetakensothe

personislesslikelytofalldown,runintosomething,orwalkoutthefront

doorwhilesleepwalking.

41>Whendoessleepwalkingusuallyoccur?

A.Duringactivesleep.

B.Duringdeepsleep.

C.Inthedaytime.

D.Intheearlymorning

42、Whatmostsleepwalkersdois_

A.simplysitup

B.simplystandinbed

C.getupandwalkforsometime

D.getupandwalkforhours

43、Sleepwalkersusuallygobacktobed.

A.afterwakingup

B.afterbeingwokenup

C.withthehelpofothers

D.bythemselves

44、You'dbettergoandseeadoctorifyou

A.seeasleepwalkerinaction

B.neversleepwalk

C.sleepwalkfrequently

D.sleepwalkoccasionally

45、Measuresshouldbetakento.

A.keepsleepwalkerssafe

B.preventpeoplefromsleepwalking

C.avoidrunningintosleepwalkers

D.helppeoplesleepwell

第5部分：補(bǔ)全對(duì)話

下面的短文有5處空白，短文后有6個(gè)句子，其中5個(gè)取自短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容將其分別

放回原有位置，以恢復(fù)文章原貌。

MoreEffortsUrgedtoEmpowerWomenatAIDSConference

PreventionisacentralissuebeingdiscussedatthesixteenthInternational

AIDSConferenceinToronto,Canada.Twenty-fourthousanddelegatesareat

theconferencewhichendsFriday.

BillandMelindaGatescalledforfasterresearchtodeveloppreventions

likemicrobicidesforwomentousewhentheyhavesex.46MelindaGates

saidthewayto"changethisepidemic"istoputpowerinthehandsofwomen.

InsouthernAfrica,forexample,aboutsixtypercentofadultslivingwith

HIVarewomen.BillGatessaidwomentodayoftenhavenochoicebuttodepend

onmennottoinfectthem."Awomanshouldneverneedherpartner1spermission

tosaveherownlife,"hesaidastheconferenceopenedSunday.47

OnMonday,formerPresidentBillClintonsaidmorepeoplewouldgettested

forHIVifanaggressiveefforttookplacetofightthestigma.Butreducing

fearsofsocialrejectionisnotenough.48

ResearchersattheconferencepresentedtheresultsofanewstudyofHIV

testing.ItinvolvedmorethanonehundredthousandpeopletestedinCalifornia

lastyear.Somereceivedaquicktest,withresultsinabouttwentyminutes.

Theothersreceivedatestthatismorecommonlyused；theresultstakestwo

weeks.Theresearcherssaytwenty-fivepercentofthepeoplewhohadthelonger

testdidnotreturntolearntheresults.49GeorgeLempoftheUniversity

ofCalifornialedthestudy.Hesaysquicktestscouldbeespeciallyimportant

indevelopingcountrieswithlimitedtransportation.

SpeakersattheAIDSconferencealsodiscussedhighratesofnewHIV

infectionsamongblackAmericans.JulianBondischairmanoftheNAACP,a

leadingcivilrightsgroup.50Publichealthofficialssayhalfofallnew

HIVinfectionsintheUnitedStatesareinblacks.AfricanAmericandelegates

attheconferencesaidtheywillprepareafive-yearplantoreduceinfection

ratesandincreasetesting.

H

A.ThechairmansaidAfrican-Americansmustzinhiswordszfacethefact

thatAIDShasbecomeablackdisease.n

B.Mr.Clintonsaidpeoplealsoneedaguaranteetheywouldgetmedicine

tosuppressthevirus.

C.Delegatesattheconferencehaveworkedoutanactionwiththevirus

thatcausesAIDS.

D.Theyhopedthatsuchproductscouldprotectagainstinfectionwiththe

virusthatcausesAIDS.

E.Theworld1srichestmansaid'*stoppingAIDS"isthetoppriorityof

theBillandMelindaGatesFoundation.

F.Butthatwastrueofonlytwopercentofthosewhohadthequicktest.

第6部分：完形填空

下面的短文有15處空白，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容為每處空白確定1個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)

ManyWomenWhoBeatCancerDon*tChangeHabits

Manywomenwhobattlebreastcancerwilltellyouit*salife-changing

experience.However,anewstudyshowsthatformany51,thechangesaren11

alwayspositiveorpermanent.

BethSnokehaswatchedhermotherandbothgrandmothersbattleandsurvive

breast52.Sowhenshewasdiagnosed,therewasnodoubtinhermind53she

hadtodo.

HIdoexactlywhatthedoctorssayasfarasthemedicinethatI*mon,

1

as54asthevitamins,thedietzandthefitness.AndIcan1stress

enough55importantthatis."saysBethSnoke.Butasurprisingnewstudy

showsthat56everywomanwhobeatsbreastcancerisgettingthatmessage.

1

Infactznearly40%ofthemsayeven57