賓語補(bǔ)足語同賓語從句的區(qū)別

/賓語從句：賓語從句充當(dāng)?shù)氖蔷渥拥馁e語，少了它句子就沒有賓語不是完整的句子了。賓語從句一般由that引導(dǎo)，后跟的是一個完整的句子。Eg.Ifoundthathewaslyingontheground.Ihearedthathewasback.Ithinkthatheisverykind.而賓語補(bǔ)足語則是有賓語存在，對賓語的補(bǔ)充完善。能充當(dāng)賓語補(bǔ)足語的一般有：不定式，現(xiàn)在分詞，過去分詞，形容詞，副詞，介賓短語等。賓語加賓補(bǔ)一起構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語。常跟復(fù)合賓語的動詞有：call,name,make,think,find,leave,keep,choose,elect,define,regard,see,recognize,treat,take,consider,lookup,referto,employ,use,show,organise,express等。Eg.IhearedJimsingingthismorning.Tommadethegirlcry.IfindlearningEnglishdifficult.Isawthekiteupanddown.注意：當(dāng)感官動詞和使役動詞，如：seehearnoticewatchhearfeelobserve(感官動詞)makehavelet(使役動詞)接賓補(bǔ)時，不定式的符號to必須省略。在help后,不定式可以帶to,也可不帶。賓語從句注意點(diǎn)：多為that引導(dǎo)2.偶爾有if/whether引導(dǎo)的一般疑問句，反義疑問句，選擇疑問句等構(gòu)成賓語從句。3.在介詞之后，不定式之前或在or之前只能用whether不能用if。4.賓語從句是陳述語氣。注意：that引導(dǎo)的從句一般是：賓語從句和定語從句兩種。在句子中補(bǔ)充當(dāng)成分，后跟完整句子的是賓語從句。在從句中充當(dāng)主語或賓語時為定語從句。定語：Doyouknowthegirlthatoftencomeshere.He’stheboythatItalkedwithjustnow.注：定語從句先行詞一般是who,whom,whichthat(that可省略)。定語從句：先行詞是all.Few,little,something,everything,nothing等不定代詞時，只能用that。Eg.Allthathesaidistrue.先行詞被only，no,any,all等詞修飾時只能用that。先行詞被序數(shù)詞修飾時只能用that先行詞被形容詞最高級修飾時只能用that。先行詞既包括人又包括物時，只能用that。Eg.Wealltalkedaboutthepeopleandthethingsthatweremembered.在介詞后只能用which。Eg.ThehouseinwhichIlivedhasbeensold.賓語從句的時態(tài)問題：賓語從句的時態(tài)問題：如果主句為一般現(xiàn)在時，則賓語從句的時態(tài)不受限制，根據(jù)實(shí)際情況使用所需要的時態(tài)。IhearJoneleftforBeijingyesterday.如果主句為一般過去時，則賓語從句的時態(tài)只能用過去的某種時態(tài)。KatesaidshewaswatchingTVthistimeyesterday.如果賓語從句為客觀真理或普遍事實(shí)，則用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。MissHusaidthattheearthgoesaroundthesun.如果賓語從句是由when引導(dǎo)的從句或帶有時間狀語的從句，則when引導(dǎo)的從句或時間狀語從句中的時態(tài)不變。Theteacherwantedtoknowwhenthegirlwasborn.Tomsaidhehadworkedheresinceheleftschool.如果賓語從句含有過去的具體的年，月，日時其時態(tài)保持不變。IhearedLucywasbornin1986.否定前移：如果主句的謂語動詞是think，guess，believe等動詞且接有否定的that賓語從句時，常將否定詞提前到主句中。Idon’tthinkthatAliceisanAmerican.復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)：在think，find，make等接有復(fù)合賓語的動詞之后，為避免句子頭重腳輕或關(guān)系模糊，常用it做形式賓語，而將真正做賓語的賓語從句放在賓補(bǔ)之后，即用“與物動詞+it+賓語補(bǔ)足語+賓語從句”Ithinkitimportantthatweshouldlearnswimmingwell.賓語從句考點(diǎn)速記口訣：賓語從句須注意，幾點(diǎn)事項(xiàng)應(yīng)牢記。一是關(guān)鍵引導(dǎo)詞，不同句子詞相異。陳述句子用that，一般疑問是否（if，whether）替；特殊問句更好辦，引導(dǎo)還用疑問詞。二是時態(tài)常變化，主句不同從句異。主句若為現(xiàn)在時，從句時態(tài)應(yīng)看意；主句若為過去時，從句時態(tài)向前移。三是語序要記清，從句永保陳述序。狀語從句看連詞，根據(jù)連詞的意思判斷屬于什么狀語從句。尤其注意時間狀語和條件狀語的“主將從現(xiàn)”原則。Welostthewayintheforest,andwedidn’tknow______.A.wherewegetbackB.whendidwegetbackC.howwecouldgetback8.Idon’tknow__shecouldfinishtheworkbytheendofthismonth.A.whetherB.whatC.when9.“Underground”istheonlywordintheEnglishlanguage______startsandendswiththelettes“und”.A.whatB.thatC.whoD.whom10.Allthestudentsliketheteachers________canunderstandthemwell.A.whatB.whoB.whomC.which11.Itwillbehardforustogetupinthemorningifwe____tobedtoolate.A.goB.wentC.willgoD.havegone12._______hewasverytired,hecontinuedworkinginhisoffice.A.SinceB.AlthoughC.AssoonasD.Because13.All_______hesaidistrue.A.thatB.whichC.what14.Thisisthebestbook_______Ihavereadthisyear.A.whichB.thatC.what15.Ican’tdecide________tobuythisbikeornot.A.whetherB.ifC.that16.TheteachertoldusyesterdaythatDecember25th_______Chrismasday.A.isB.wasC.hasbennD.willbe17.we’dliketotellyouthatyou_______theexam.A.havepassedB.hadpassedC.passD.willpass18.Couldyoutellme______?A.whereisthenearestrailwaystationB.wherethenearestrailwaystationwasC.wherethenearestrailwaystationisD.wherewasthenearestrailwaystation19.hesaidhe_____threeEnglishsongssincehecamehere.A.learnedB.hadlearnedC.wouldlearnD.haslearned20.whenwillyouflytoSydney?pardon?Iask_______A.whenwillyouflytoSydneyB.whetheryouwillflytoSydneyC.thatyou