2023-2024學年遼寧省部分高中高一下學期7月期末英語試題（解析版）

高級中學名校試卷PAGEPAGE1遼寧省部分高中2023-2024學年高一下學期7月期末英語試題第一部分：聽力(略)第二部分：閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AIntoday’sdigitalworld,mobileapplications(apps)havebecomeanessentialpartofourdailylives.Whetherit’sforlearning,entertainment,ormanagingtasks,there’sanappforalmosteverything.Herearethreerecommendedappsthatcangreatlyenhanceyourhighschoolexperience.EvernoteEvernoteisamust-haveappforstudents.It’sapowerfulnote-takingandorganizingtoolthatallowsyoutocreate,share,andsyncnotesacrossmultipledevices.Whetheryou’rebrainstormingideasforaproject,jottingdownlecturenotes,orplanningyourschedule,Evernotekeepseverythingorganizedandaccessible.Youcanevenattachphotos,documents,andwebclipstoyournotes,makingitaversatiletoolforlearningandresearch.HeadspaceWiththeincreasingstresslevelsinhighschool,it’sessentialtomaintainahealthymindset.Headspaceisameditationappthatprovidesguidedmeditationstohelpyourelax,reducestress,andimprovefocus.Theappoffersavarietyofmeditationsessions,rangingfromshort,three-minutemeditationstolonger,morein-depthsessions.It’sagreatwaytoincorporatemindfulnessintoyourdailyroutineandenhanceyouroverallwell-being.KhanAcademyKhanAcademyisanexcellentresourceforstudentswhowanttoenhancetheiracademicskills.Theappoffersawiderangeofcoursesinvarioussubjects,includingmath,science,andhumanities.Thecoursesaretaughtbyexperiencedteachersandaredesignedtobeengagingandinteractive.KhanAcademyalsoprovidespersonalizedlearningpathsandpracticeproblemstohelpyoumastertheconceptsyou’relearning.ForestForestisaninnovativeappdesignedtohelphighschoolstudentsstayfocusedandavoiddistractions.Theconceptissimpleyeteffective:yousetatimerforthedurationyouwanttofocusonatask,andavirtualtreestartsgrowingonyourscreen.Ifyouleavetheappduringthetimer,thetreedies.Thiscreatesafunandmotivatingwaytostayontaskandavoidgettingdistractedbysocialmedia,games,orotherapps.1.Whichappcanhelpstudentsbecomemoreorganized?A.Evernote. B.Headspace. C.KhanAcademy. D.Forest.2.KhanAcademyoffers.A.guidedmeditations B.personalizedstudyplansC.organizationaltools D.note-takingfunctions3.BothHeadspaceandForestaredesignedtohelpuserstobecome.A.intelligentandwise B.creativeandimaginativeC.concentratedandattentive D.motivatedandactive〖答案〗1.A2.B3.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了四款應用程序以及各自的特點。【1題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Whetheryou’rebrainstormingideasforaproject,jottingdownlecturenotes,orplanningyourschedule,Evernotekeepseverythingorganizedandaccessible.(無論你是在為一個項目集思廣益，記下課堂筆記，還是計劃你的日程安排，Evernote都能讓一切井井有條)”可知，Evernote可以幫助學生變得更有條理。故選A?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“KhanAcademyalsoprovidespersonalizedlearningpathsandpracticeproblemstohelpyoumastertheconceptsyou’relearning.(可汗學院還提供個性化的學習路徑和練習問題，以幫助您掌握正在學習的概念)”可知，可汗學院提供個性化的學習計劃。故選B?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Headspaceisameditationappthatprovidesguidedmeditationstohelpyourelax,reducestress,andimprovefocus.(Headspace是一個冥想應用程序，它提供指導冥想，幫助你放松，減輕壓力，提高注意力)”以及最后一段“Thiscreatesafunandmotivatingwaytostayontaskandavoidgettingdistractedbysocialmedia,games,orotherapps.(這創(chuàng)造了一種有趣和激勵的方式來專注于任務，避免被社交媒體、游戲或其他應用程序分散注意力)”可知，Headspace和Forest的設計都是為了幫助用戶變得專注和專心。故選C。BDavidlovedhisgrandsonPhilipdearly.Theboyremindedhimofhimselfatanearlyage.Theyhadalotoffuntogether,exploringthebackyardandhikinginthenearbypark.However,oneweekend,Philipfeltillandhadtostayinbed.Davidmadesuretokeephisgrandsonentertainedbyfindingabooktheycouldenjoytogether.BeforehandingittoPhilip,hedecidedtoleafthroughitandlookbackatthestory.However,whilelookingthroughit,hedidn’texpecttoseeanotherpieceofhisyouth,thistimeintheformofaphotographofhimandhisoldfriends.Therewerefourinthepicture—David,Steve,Dorothy,andTeresa.Theywereneighborsandoftenwenttothebeachtogether.Inthephoto,thefourofthemwereplayingonthesand.Suddenly,Davidwonderedaboutthepeopleinthephotograph,curioustoknowwherelifehadtakenthem.Philipnoticedthatandasked“Whathappened,Grandpa?”Davidsmiled,excitedlytakingthebookandthephototoPhilip.“Look,Philip.Thisisanoldphotoofmyfriendsandme!”hesaid.“IwishIcouldmeetthemagain.”PhilipsuggestedlookingforthemonFacebook.ThroughPhilip’stablet,theysearchedforDavid’sfriends.ToPhilip’ssurprise,theyweren’tonthesocialmediaplatform.DaviddecidedtogotohishometowntofindSteve,Dorothy,andTeresa.ThetownhadchangedalotandhefoundthatDorothy’sandSteve’shouseswerenolongerthere.Stillhopeful,Daviddecidedtovisitthelastaddress,whichwasTeresa’s.Ayounggirlopenedthedoor.“I’msorry,younglady.IwasjustlookingforTeresaGreen,butImighthavegottentheaddresswrong,”hesaid.Suddenly,thegirlshouted,“Grandma,youhaveavisitor!”4.WhydidDavidfindabooktoenjoywithPhilip?A.BecausePhilipwasentertainedmostbybooks.B.BecauseDavidintendedtoshowPhilipapicture.C.BecauseDavidrememberedsomethinginthebook.D.BecausePhilipwasnotingoodconditiononthatday.5.WhatsurprisedDavidashewaslookingthroughthebook?A.Aleaf. B.Apicture. C.Somefriends. D.Somebeachtours.6.HowdidPhiliphelpDavidsearchforhisfriends?A.Bypostingthepictureonline. B.ByvisitingthemwithDavid.C.Bygivingawayhistabletasagift. D.BylookingforthemonFacebook.7.Whatmightthefollowingparagraphprobablybeabout?A.DavidtoldPhilipaboutthewrongaddresses.B.Davidtalkedwiththegirlaboutsomelifelessons.C.DavidandTeresamanagedtocontactSteveandDorothy.D.Davidapologizedsincerelyforthetroublehehadcaused.〖答案〗4.D5.B6.D7.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述大衛(wèi)在給孫子閱讀的書中無意中發(fā)現(xiàn)了和老朋友的照片，于是開始尋找以前的朋友們。【4題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“However,oneweekend,Philipfeltillandhadtostayinbed.Davidmadesuretokeephisgrandsonentertainedbyfindingabooktheycouldenjoytogether.(然而，有一個周末，菲利普感到不舒服，不得不臥床休息。大衛(wèi)給他的孫子找了一本他們可以一起讀的書，讓他開心)”可知，大衛(wèi)找了一本書和菲利普一起讀是因為那天菲利普身體不好。故選D?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Suddenly,Davidwonderedaboutthepeopleinthephotograph,curioustoknowwherelifehadtakenthem.(突然，大衛(wèi)對照片中的人產(chǎn)生了好奇，想知道生活把他們帶到了哪里)”可知，當大衛(wèi)翻閱這本書時，一張照片使他感到驚訝。故選B?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“PhilipsuggestedlookingforthemonFacebook.(菲利普建議在Facebook上找他們)”可知，菲利普在Facebook上幫助大衛(wèi)尋找他的朋友。故選D。【7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“DaviddecidedtogotohishometowntofindSteve,Dorothy,andTeresa.ThetownhadchangedalotandhefoundthatDorothy’sandSteve’shouseswerenolongerthere.Stillhopeful,Daviddecidedtovisitthelastaddress,whichwasTeresa’s.Ayounggirlopenedthedoor.“I’msorry,younglady.IwasjustlookingforTeresaGreen,butImighthavegottentheaddresswrong,”hesaid.(大衛(wèi)決定回家鄉(xiāng)去找史蒂夫、多蘿西和特蕾莎。小鎮(zhèn)變了很多，他發(fā)現(xiàn)多蘿西和史蒂夫的房子不在了。大衛(wèi)仍然滿懷希望，決定去拜訪特蕾莎的最后一個住處。一個年輕女孩開了門。“對不起，小姐。我只是在找特蕾莎·格林，但我可能把地址搞錯了，”他說)”以及最后一段“Suddenly,thegirlshouted,“Grandma,youhaveavisitor!”(突然，小女孩喊道：“奶奶，有人來了!”)”可知，大衛(wèi)最后找到了特蕾莎，推測后面他會和特蕾莎設法聯(lián)系上史蒂夫和多蘿西。故選C。CDoyouoftenhaveseafoodlikecrabs?Whatwillyoudowiththecrabshells(殼)afteryourbigseafooddinner?Scientistshaveawonderfulwaytodealwithit.Theywanttouseachemicalfoundincrabshellstomakebatteries(電池)greener.“Wethinkboththebiodegradabilityofmaterial,orenvironmentalimpactandtheperformanceofthebatteriesareimportantforagoodproduct,”saidLiangbingHu,directoroftheUniversityofMaryland’sCenterforMaterialsInnovation.Asnowadayspeoplecareabouttheenvironmentmoreandmoreandtendtousegreenenergyandelectriccars,thebatteriesbeingusedforsuchtechnologyalsoneedtobeeco-friendly.Butthechemicalsusedintraditionalbatteriessuchaslithium-ioncantakehundredsorthousandsofyearstobreakdown.Thesechemicalsarealsoharmfulandeasytoburn.Insomecases,batterieshavecaughtfireonaircraft,orcausedfiresinwasteandrecyclingsites.TheresearchersinMarylandhavedevelopedbatteriesthatuseachemical,chitin,takenfromcrabshells.Thismaterialisvaluable,butusuallythrownawayasfoodwastefromrestaurants.Scientistshavelongbeenresearchingitsvariousapplications.Throughchemicalprocessing,chitincanfinallybeturnedintoapieceoffirmgel(凝膠),whichissuitabletobeusedforabattery.Bymixingitwithzinc,abluish-whitemetalincreasinglyusedtomakebatteriesthatarecheapandsafe,Hu’steamwasabletocreatearenewablebattery.Thebatteriesarenoteasytoburnandtwothirdsofthebatterycanbreakdownintheearthinjustfivemonths,leavingbehindrecyclablezinc.AntonioJFernándezRomero,aprofessorofmaterialsscienceforenergyproductionattheUniversityofCartagenainSpain,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy,said,“Anewbatterythatisenvironment-friendlyandcheap,isoneofthemoreimportantproductsthatmustbedevelopedinthecomingyears.”8.WhydoestheauthoraskthequestionsinParagraph1?A.Toattractreaderswithatasteforseafood. B.Toencourageustoexplorescience.C.Tocallonustoprotecttheenvironment. D.Tointroducetheeco-friendlybattery.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“biodegradability”inParagraph2probablymean?A.Theabilitytoproduceelectricity. B.Theabilitytobetransformed.C.Theabilitytobebrokendown. D.Theabilitytobefolded.10.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph3andParagraph4?A.Thematerialfromcrabshellsiscollectedbyrestaurants.B.Chitinhasbeenappliedtomanyfieldsindifferentindustries.C.Traditionalbatteriesareneithersafenorenvironment-friendly.D.Chitinisvaluablebecausecrabsarenotcheapintherestaurants.11.What’sRomero’sattitudetowardsthenewbattery’sfuture?A.Positive. B.Negative. C.Objective. D.Uncertain.〖答案〗8.D9.C10.C11.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹一種利用螃蟹殼制作的環(huán)保電池。【8題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Doyouoftenhaveseafoodlikecrabs?Whatwillyoudowiththecrabshells(殼)afteryourbigseafooddinner?Scientistshaveawonderfulwaytodealwithit.Theywanttouseachemicalfoundincrabshellstomakebatteries(電池)greener.(你經(jīng)常吃螃蟹之類的海鮮嗎？在你豐盛的海鮮晚餐之后，你會怎么處理蟹殼呢？科學家們有一個很好的方法來解決這個問題。他們想用一種在蟹殼中發(fā)現(xiàn)的化學物質(zhì)來使電池更環(huán)保)”可知，第一段中的問題是為了引入環(huán)保電池。故選D?！?題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thebatteriesarenoteasytoburnandtwothirdsofthebatterycanbreakdownintheearthinjustfivemonths,leavingbehindrecyclablezinc.(這種電池不易燃燒，在短短5個月內(nèi)，三分之二的電池會在土壤中分解，留下可回收的鋅)”可知，這種環(huán)保電池5個月內(nèi)三分之二的電池會在土壤中分解，留下可回收的鋅，即具有被分解的能力。故劃線詞意思是“被分解的能力”。故選C。【10題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Butthechemicalsusedintraditionalbatteriessuchaslithium-ioncantakehundredsorthousandsofyearstobreakdown.Thesechemicalsarealsoharmfulandeasytoburn.Insomecases,batterieshavecaughtfireonaircraft,orcausedfiresinwasteandrecyclingsites.(但傳統(tǒng)電池（如鋰離子電池）中使用的化學物質(zhì)可能需要數(shù)百年或數(shù)千年才能分解。這些化學物質(zhì)也是有害的，容易燃燒。在某些情況下，電池在飛機上起火，或在廢物和回收場引發(fā)火災)”可知，傳統(tǒng)電池既不安全也不環(huán)保。故選C?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“AntonioJFernándezRomero,aprofessorofmaterialsscienceforenergyproductionattheUniversityofCartagenainSpain,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy,said,“Anewbatterythatisenvironment-friendlyandcheap,isoneofthemoreimportantproductsthatmustbedevelopedinthecomingyears.”(西班牙卡塔赫納大學能源生產(chǎn)材料科學教授AntonioJ.Romero)沒有參與這項研究，他說：“一種既環(huán)保又便宜的新型電池是未來幾年必須開發(fā)的更重要的產(chǎn)品之一?！?”可知，羅梅羅對新電池的未來持積極態(tài)度。故選A。DIn2019,76%ofpeoplebetweentheagesof65and74,whoparticipatedinasurvey,saidtheyusedsocialmedia,comparedto40%fiveyearsearlier.Anincreaseinsocialmediausewasalsoseenamongpeopleaged75andover.AgrowingnumberofelderlypeopleareactiveonsocialnetworksandareusingtheInternettomakecalls.Buthowwillyoureactwhenyoufindoutyourgrandparentsareusingsocialmedia?Thetwomostcommonreactionsseemtobe,“Ohno!They’regoingtoseeeverythingIpostandstartwritingcomments”or“I’mgoingtohavetospendhoursteachingthemhowtoworkthis”.It’sonlyreasonablethatyourgrandparentsshouldneedhelptocreateanaccountonFacebook.Andwho’sabetterexpertthanyoutoteachthemthebasicsofsocialmedia?Youcaneitherbravelyofferyourhelporregretitlater.Oncetheyhavelearnedhowtousesocialmedia,theymaynevergetofftheirdeviceagain!TakeBaddieWinkle,forexample.This92-year-oldgrannyhasoverthreemillionfollowersonInstagram,includingsomecelebrities(名人)!Youshouldbehappyyourgrandparentsareeagertojointhedigitalworlds.Socialmediausecanhaveanumberofhealthbenefitsfortheelderly.Nowadaysfamiliesaremoregeographicallydistantthaneverbefore,andsocialmediaisagreatwaytoconnectwithfarawayrelatives.Whilenothingreplacesface-to-facecommunication,socialmediaisagreatwaytokeepintouchwithfamilymembers.Anotherbenefitisthatelderlypeoplecanmakenewfriendswhohavesimilarinterests,orfindlong-lostfriendsfromchildhood.Finally,socialmediausecanbeveryeducational.LookingthroughFacebooknewsisagreatwaytostayinformedandkeepuptodatewithlocalandglobalevents.Haveyourgrandparentshadasocialmediaaccountyet?Havetheyaskedyoutohelpthemcreateone,butyoudidn’tbother?Perhapsyoushouldmaketheeffortbecauseitmayaffecttheirqualityoflife.12.Howdoyoungpeopleusuallyreacttotheirgrandparents’usingsocialmedia?A.Theyfinditamazing. B.Theytrytoofferadvice.C.Theyhavemuchconcern. D.Theypaylittleattentiontoit.13.WhatcanbelearnedaboutBaddieWinkle?A.Shemainlyfocusesoncelebrities.B.Sheisfamousonsocialmediadespiteherage.C.Shefindsiteasytolearnhowtousesocialmedia.D.Shetriesveryhardtobehavelikeanordinaryperson.14.Socialmediausecanmaketheelderly.A.createFacebooknews B.keepupwiththetimesC.keepgoodhealthphysically D.replaceface-to-facecommunication15.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Grandparentsbusyonline B.Grandparents’qualitytimeC.Socialmedia’shealthbenefits D.Socialmedia’sincreasinguse〖答案〗12.C13.B14.B15.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了老年人社交媒體使用呈現(xiàn)增長趨勢，建議年輕人應幫助祖父母學習社交媒體，這有助于他們與家人保持聯(lián)系、結(jié)交新朋友、獲取信息，并可能提升他們的生活質(zhì)量。【12題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Thetwomostcommonreactionsseemtobe,“Ohno!They’regoingtoseeeverythingIpostandstartwritingcomments”or“I’mgoingtohavetospendhoursteachingthemhowtoworkthis”.(最常見的兩種反應似乎是：“哦，不！他們會看到我發(fā)布的所有內(nèi)容并開始寫評論”或“我將不得不花幾個小時教他們?nèi)绾问褂眠@個”)”可知，年輕人通常對祖父母使用社交媒體通常的反應是有很多顧慮。故選C項?！?3題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“TakeBaddieWinkle,forexample.This92-year-oldgrannyhasoverthreemillionfollowersonInstagram,includingsomecelebrities(名人)!(以BaddieWinkle為例。這位92歲的老奶奶在Instagram上有300多萬粉絲，其中包括一些名人)”可知，盡管年紀很大，但BaddieWinkle在社交媒體上很出名。故選B項?！?4題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Finally,socialmediausecanbeveryeducational.LookingthroughFacebooknewsisagreatwaytostayinformedandkeepuptodatewithlocalandglobalevents.(最后，社交媒體的使用可以很有教育意義。瀏覽Facebook新聞是了解當?shù)睾腿蚴录暮梅椒?”可知，使用社交媒體可以讓老年人跟上時代，了解新聞實事。故選B項。【15題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段中“AgrowingnumberofelderlypeopleareactiveonsocialnetworksandareusingtheInternettomakecalls.(越來越多的老年人活躍在社交網(wǎng)絡上，并使用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)打電話)”可知，文章圍繞老年人社交媒體使用呈現(xiàn)增長趨勢展開，建議年輕人應幫助祖父母學習社交媒體，這有助于他們與家人保持聯(lián)系、結(jié)交新朋友、獲取信息，并可能提升他們的生活質(zhì)量。因此，A項“祖父母忙著上網(wǎng)”形象地概括了這一趨勢，最契合文章主旨，適合作為文章標題。故選A項。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，選項中有兩項為多余選項。Themoonisamysteriousplacethathasfascinatedhumansforcenturies.Astechnologyhasadvanced,ourabilitytoexplorethemoonhasalsoincreased.___16___Oneofthemostsignificantadvancementsinmoonexplorationistheuseofunmannedspacecraft.___17___Thesespacecraftsareabletotraveltothemoonandcollectdatathathelpusunderstandmoreaboutitscomposition,atmosphere,andgeologicalfeatures.Bystudyingthemoon,scientistscangaininsightsintotheformationandevolutionofoursolarsystem.Anotherexcitingaspectoflunarexplorationisthepotentialforresourceextraction(提取).___18___Theycouldbeusedforvariouspurposes,includingtheproductionoffuelandbuildingmaterials.ExtractingtheseresourcescouldhelpreduceourdependenceonEarth-basedresourcesandpavethewayforamoresustainablefuture.Moreover,lunarexplorationalsoholdsthepromiseofscientificdiscovery.Bystudyingthemoon,wecangainadeeperunderstandingoftheuniverseandthelawsofphysicsthatgovernit.___19___Furthermore,newscientifictheoriescouldrevolutionizeourunderstandingoftheworld.___20___Themoon’sharshenvironment,lackofatmosphere,andextremetemperaturevariationsmakeitadifficultplacetoconductexperimentsandoperations.Despitethesechallenges,scientistsandengineerscontinuetopushtheboundariesofwhatispossibleinlunarexploration.Inconclusion,lunarexplorationisanexcitingandimportantfieldthatoffersvastpotentialforscientificdiscoveryandresourceextraction.Astechnologycontinuestoadvance,wecanexpecttoseemoreadvancementsinthisareaandadeeperunderstandingofthemoonanditsroleinoursolarsystem.A.Theycanstayonthemoonforlongerperiodsoftime.B.However,lunarexplorationisnotwithoutitschallenges.C.Itallowsscientiststocollectdatawithoutrisktohumanlife.D.Thisknowledgecouldleadtoadvancementsintechnology.E.Themoonisbelievedtocontainvaluablemineralsandresources.F.Herearesomeoftheintroductionsoftheunmannedspacecraftandnewstudy.G.Herearesomeoftherecentadvancementsinlunarexplorationanditsbenefits.〖答案〗16.G17.C18.E19.D20.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了月球探索的最新進展以及好處和挑戰(zhàn)?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Themoonisamysteriousplacethathasfascinatedhumansforcenturies.Astechnologyhasadvanced,ourabilitytoexplorethemoonhasalsoincreased.(月球是一個神秘的地方，幾個世紀以來一直吸引著人類。隨著科技的進步，我們探索月球的能力也增強了)”以及下一段“Oneofthemostsignificantadvancementsinmoonexplorationistheuseofunmannedspacecraft.(月球探測中最重要的進步之一是無人航天器的使用)”可知，本句為過渡句，引出后文月球探索的進展。故G選項“以下是月球探測的一些最新進展及其好處”符合語境，故選G?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Oneofthemostsignificantadvancementsinmoonexplorationistheuseofunmannedspacecraft.(月球探測中最重要的進步之一是無人航天器的使用)”以及后文“Thesespacecraftsareabletotraveltothemoonandcollectdatathathelpusunderstandmoreaboutitscomposition,atmosphere,andgeologicalfeatures.Bystudyingthemoon,scientistscangaininsightsintotheformationandevolutionofoursolarsystem.(這些航天器能夠前往月球并收集數(shù)據(jù)，幫助我們更多地了解月球的組成、大氣和地質(zhì)特征。通過研究月球，科學家們可以深入了解我們太陽系的形成和演化)”可知，本句承接上文，介紹無人航天器的使用情況和好處。故C選項“它允許科學家在不危及人類生命的情況下收集數(shù)據(jù)”符合語境，故選C。【18題詳析】根據(jù)后文“Theycouldbeusedforvariouspurposes,includingtheproductionoffuelandbuildingmaterials.ExtractingtheseresourcescouldhelpreduceourdependenceonEarth-basedresourcesandpavethewayforamoresustainablefuture.(它們可以用于各種目的，包括生產(chǎn)燃料和建筑材料。開采這些資源有助于減少我們對地球資源的依賴，并為更可持續(xù)的未來鋪平道路)”可知，本句主要說明月球上含有可以開采的資源，E選項mineralsandresources對應后文theseresources。故E選項“月球被認為含有有價值的礦物和資源”符合語境，故選E?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Moreover,lunarexplorationalsoholdsthepromiseofscientificdiscovery.Bystudyingthemoon,wecangainadeeperunderstandingoftheuniverseandthelawsofphysicsthatgovernit.(此外，月球探索也有科學發(fā)現(xiàn)的希望。通過研究月球，我們可以對宇宙和支配它的物理定律有更深的了解)”以及后文“Furthermore,newscientifictheoriescouldrevolutionizeourunderstandingoftheworld.(此外，新的科學理論可以徹底改變我們對世界的理解)”可知，本句承接上文，說明掌握物理定律的好處。故D選項“這種知識可能導致技術的進步”符合語境，故選D?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)后文“Themoon’sharshenvironment,lackofatmosphere,andextremetemperaturevariationsmakeitadifficultplacetoconductexperimentsandoperations.Despitethesechallenges,scientistsandengineerscontinuetopushtheboundariesofwhatispossibleinlunarexploration.(月球的惡劣環(huán)境、缺乏大氣層和極端的溫度變化使它成為一個難以進行實驗和操作的地方。盡管面臨這些挑戰(zhàn)，科學家和工程師們?nèi)栽诶^續(xù)挑戰(zhàn)月球探測的極限)”可知，本段主要介紹了探月的挑戰(zhàn)，B選項challenges對應后文challenges。故B選項“然而，探月并非沒有挑戰(zhàn)”符合語境，故選B。第三部分：語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。MymomandIgotupearlytogoshoppingfortheChristmas.Asweweredrivingoutofastoreparkinglot,we___21___aterriblythinwoman.Shewasclearly___22___.ThatwomangotusthinkingaboutwhatChristmaswouldbelikeforsomeonewhohasnoplacetocallhome.Withnofamilytoturntoandcertainlyno___23___toopenonChristmasmorning,thesepeoplehavenothingto____24____butthecoldandlonelyplacewheretheychooseto___25___.EventhoughweliveinsunnyCalifornia,thetemperaturecan____26____dropbelow0°Conwinternights.Wherewouldthiswomansleepwhenthesunwentdown?Onourwayhome,we___27___countlesshomelesspeoplestandingonthestreetcornersholdingcardboard___28___with“JustHungry”writtenonthem.Thenextday,we___29___somebluetinsofcookiesandcandycanes.Wewrote“Call211forHelp”on___30___andtapedthemtothebottomsofthetins.“NotonlywillwebespreadingChristmas___31___,butnowthehomelesspeoplewillhavea(n)___32___tocallthatcangetthemthehelptheyneed,”mymomexplained.Weputallthetinsinthecarandwesearchedthestreetsfor____33____downontheirluck.Eventually,wefoundthewomanintheLowe'sparkinglot.She___34___tookthetinwithahandwrittencardandwhispered,“Thankyou.”asmymom___35___thecookiestoher.AswewishedherMerryChristmasanddroveoff,thegratefullookinhereyesstillseemedtofollowus.21.A.gotholdof B.caughtsightof C.kepttrackof D.letgoof22.A.homeless B.careless C.selfless D.shameless23.A.hearts B.windows C.presents D.letters24.A.lookdownupon B.lookoutfor C.lookawayfrom D.lookforwardto25.A.camp B.escape C.deliver D.migrate26.A.seldom B.never C.still D.already27.A.called B.resisted C.suffered D.passed28.A.signs B.models C.symbols D.tubes29.A.boiled B.bought C.lent D.drew30.A.cookies B.books C.cards D.tins31.A.art B.tales C.applause D.cheer32.A.name B.number C.title D.accident33.A.graduates B.applicants C.individuals D.volunteers34.A.confidently B.determinedly C.fearfully D.gratefully35.A.handed B.rewarded C.described D.awarded〖答案〗21.B22.A23.C24.D25.A26.C27.D28.A29.B30.C31.D32.B33.C34.D35.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者和媽媽看到街上有許多無家可歸的人，于是給他們買了食物并提供了一個可以求助的電話號碼?！?1題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：當我們開車駛出一家商店的停車場時，我們看見一個瘦得可怕的女人。A.gotholdof掌握；B.caughtsightof看見；C.kepttrackof跟蹤；D.letgoof松開。根據(jù)后文“aterriblythinwoman”指他們開車看到了一個瘦弱的女人。故選B?！?2題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她顯然無家可歸。A.homeless無家可歸的；B.careless粗心的；C.selfless無私的；D.shameless無恥的。根據(jù)后文“ThatwomangotusthinkingaboutwhatChristmaswouldbelikeforsomeonewhohasnoplacetocallhome.(那個女人讓我們開始思考，對于一個無家可歸的人來說，圣誕節(jié)會是什么樣子)”可知，女人無家可歸。故選A?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：沒有家人可以求助，當然也沒有禮物可以在圣誕節(jié)早上打開，這些人除了選擇在寒冷而孤獨的地方露營外，沒有什么可期待的。A.hearts心；B.windows窗戶；C.presents父母；D.letters信。根據(jù)后文“Withnofamilytoturntoandcertainlyno”可知，無家可歸的人沒有家人，也沒有禮物。故選C。【24題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：沒有家人可以求助，當然也沒有禮物可以在圣誕節(jié)早上打開，這些人除了選擇在寒冷而孤獨的地方露營外，沒有什么可期待的。A.lookdownupon看不起；B.lookoutfor留意；C.lookawayfrom背離視線；D.lookforwardto期待。根據(jù)后文“butthecoldandlonelyplacewheretheychooseto”以及上文提到他們沒有家人，所以沒有什么可以期待的。故選D?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：沒有家人可以求助，當然也沒有禮物可以在圣誕節(jié)早上打開，這些人除了選擇在寒冷而孤獨的地方露營外，沒有什么可期待的。A.camp營地；B.escape逃走；C.deliver司機；D.migrate移民。根據(jù)上文“someonewhohasnoplacetocallhome”可知，這些人沒有家，只能去寒冷而孤獨的地方露營。故選A?！?6題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管我們生活在陽光明媚的加州，冬天的夜晚氣溫仍然會降到0°C以下。A.seldom幾乎不；B.never從不；C.still仍然；D.already已經(jīng)。根據(jù)后文“dropbelow0°Conwinternights”可知，雖然加州陽光明媚，冬天的夜晚氣溫仍然會降到0°C以下。故選C?！?7題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：在回家的路上，我們看到無數(shù)無家可歸的人站在街角，手里舉著寫著“我只是餓了”的紙板牌子。A.called打電話；B.resisted抵制；C.suffered遭受；D.passed通過。根據(jù)后文“countlesshomelesspeople”指他們路過無家可歸的人，故選D。【28題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在回家的路上，我們看到無數(shù)無家可歸的人站在街角，手里舉著寫著“我只是餓了”的紙板牌子。A.signs標志；B.models模型；C.symbols象征；D.tubes管道。根據(jù)上文“holdingcardboard”以及后文“with“JustHungry”writtenonthem”指拿著寫著“我只是餓了”的標志。故選A?！?9題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：第二天，我們買了一些藍色的餅干罐頭和棒棒糖。A.boiled煮沸；B.bought購買；C.lent借給；D.drew繪畫。根據(jù)后文“somebluetinsofcookiesandcandycanes”以及他們送餅干罐頭，可知是買了一些食物給這些人。故選B?！?0題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們在卡片上寫著“撥打211求助”，并把它們粘在罐頭的底部。A.cookies餅干；B.books書籍；C.cards卡片；D.tins盒子。根據(jù)上文“Wewrote“Call211forHelp”on”可知，最有可能寫字的卡片。故選C?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我媽媽解釋說：“我們不僅可以傳播圣誕快樂，而且現(xiàn)在無家可歸的人也有了一個可以撥打的號碼，可以得到他們需要的幫助?！盇.art藝術；B.tales故事；C.applause鼓掌；D.cheer快樂。根據(jù)上文“bespreadingChristmas”指傳播節(jié)日的快樂。故選D?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我媽媽解釋說:“我們不僅可以傳播圣誕快樂，而且現(xiàn)在無家可歸的人也有了一個可以撥打的號碼，可以得到他們需要的幫助?！盇.name名字；B.number數(shù)字；C.title頭銜；D.accident事故。呼應上文“Call211forHelp”指撥打211求助。故選B?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們把所有的罐頭都放進車里，在街上搜尋運氣不好的人。A.graduates畢業(yè)生；B.applicants申請人；C.individuals個人；D.volunteers志愿者。根據(jù)后文“Eventually,wefoundthewomanintheLowe'sparkinglot.(最終，我們在勞氏的停車場找到了那個女人)”可知，他們在街上尋找需要幫助的人。故選C?！?4題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：當媽媽把餅干遞給她時，她滿懷感激地拿起罐頭和一張手寫的卡片，低聲說:“謝謝你。”A.confidently自信地；B.determinedly堅定地；C.fearfully可怕地；D.gratefully感激地。根據(jù)后文“Thankyou”可知，女人得到幫助，很感激。故選D?！?5題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：當媽媽把餅干遞給她時，她滿懷感激地拿起罐頭和一張手寫的卡片，低聲說:“謝謝你?！盇.handed遞給；B.rewarded獎賞；C.described描述；D.awarded獎勵。根據(jù)后文“thecookiestoher”指媽媽把罐頭遞給女人，故選A。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Wax(蠟)printingisoneoftheancientChinesehandicraftmethodsofproducingdyed(染色的)cloth.Waxprintingdates___36___asearlyastheQinandHanDynasties.Thereisaninterestingstoryabout___37___waxprintingwasinventedinGuizhouProvince.___38___issaidthatlong,longago,therewasagirl___39___(live)inastonevillage.Sheenjoyeddyeingwhiteclothblueandpurple.Oneday,whileshewasworking,abeehappenedtolandonhercloth.Aftershetookawaythebee,shefound___40___obviouswhitedotleftonthecloth,whichlookedverypretty.Her___41___(discover)ledtotheuseofwaxindyeing.Thewaxprintingtechnique____42____(pass)downfromgenerationtogenerationinGuizhouProvinceandspread___43___(wide)acrossdifferentregionseversince.Theprocessofwaxprintingisasfollows:firstdrawsome___44___(image)offlowers,birds,fishorinsectsonapieceofwhitecloth,andthenuseaspeciallymadeknife-likeinstrument____45____(spread)meltedwaxinthosedesignsasithardens.Thenputtheclothintoanindigodyebathsothattheunwaxedpartstakeonthecolor.Washthedyedclothinboilingwaterandwaitforthewaxtomelt,leavingclearpatternsinwhiteonablueground.〖答案〗36.from37.how38.It39.living40.an41.discovery42.hasbeenpassed43.widely44.images45.tospread【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了中國古代生產(chǎn)染色布手工方法之一的蠟染，主要包括其歷史、發(fā)明的故事和制作過程?！?6題詳析】考查介詞。句意：蠟染的歷史可以追溯到秦漢時期