汽車英語試題及答案

.chassisdrivingsysteminternalcombustionenginesteeringsystembrakingsystemdieselengineswaterpumptheignitiondistributoroilpantiminggearcylinderblockcylinderheadoilpanconnectingrodvalvespringradiatorwater-coolingsystemair-coolingsystemlubricationsystemoilfiltermassairflowsensorthrottlepositionsensorintakeairtemperaturesensorcrankshaftpositionsensorfueltankEGRvalvemufflerairfiltermanualtransmissionreverseidlergearsdifferentialone-wayclutchthrottlevalvemainreducerrunninggearpowersteeringsteeringcolumn底盤傳動系統(tǒng)內(nèi)燃機轉(zhuǎn)向系制動系統(tǒng)柴油機水泵分電器油底殼正時齒輪汽缸體汽缸蓋油底殼連桿氣門彈簧散熱器水冷系統(tǒng)風(fēng)冷系統(tǒng)潤滑系統(tǒng)機油濾清器空氣流量傳感器節(jié)氣門位置傳感器進氣溫度傳感器曲軸位置傳感器油箱EGR閥消聲器空氣濾清器手動變速器倒檔齒輪差速器單項離合器節(jié)氣門主減速器行駛系統(tǒng)助力轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)轉(zhuǎn)向柱anti-lockbrakesystemwheelcylindermastercylinderchargingsystemalternatingcurrentvoltagegaugestartingsystemignitionsystemsparkplugclutchgearboxuniversaljointpropellershaftgeneratorcrankshaftandconnectingrodmechanismvalvegearfuelsystemexhaustpipeexhaustmanifoldin-lineenginessparkplugsinjectionpistonringpistonpinvalveclearancecoolantwaterjacketsplashlubricatingpressurelubricatingexhaustgasoxygensensorfuelpressureregulatorair/fuelratioevaporativeEmissionControlspositivecrankcaseventilationEmissionControlSystemintakeairtemperaturesensorsupercharger防抱死制動系統(tǒng)（ABS）制動輪缸制動主缸充電系統(tǒng)交流電電壓表啟動系統(tǒng)點火系統(tǒng)火花塞離合器變速器萬向節(jié)驅(qū)動軸發(fā)電機曲柄連桿機構(gòu)配氣機構(gòu)燃油供給系統(tǒng)排氣管排氣歧管直列式發(fā)動機火花塞噴油器活塞環(huán)活塞銷氣門間隙冷卻液水套飛濺潤滑壓力潤滑氧傳感器燃油壓力調(diào)節(jié)器空燃比燃油蒸發(fā)控制曲軸箱強制通風(fēng)排放控制系統(tǒng)進氣溫度傳感器增壓器universaljointcoilspringclutchtorqueconverterplanetarygearvehiclestabilityleafspringhydraulicpowersteeringsystemsteerablewheelbrakefluiddiscbrakewarninglightdirectcurrentchargingindicatorstartingmotorignitioncoilairbags萬向節(jié)螺旋彈簧離合器液力變矩器行星齒輪車輛穩(wěn)定性鋼板彈簧液壓助力轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)前轉(zhuǎn)向輪制動液盤式制動器警告燈直流電充電指示燈起動機點火線圈安全氣囊Inotherwords,anyautomobileiscomposedofthesectionssuchasengine,chassis,bodyandelectricsystem.1、換句話說，任何一輛汽車都由發(fā)動機，底盤，車身和電器設(shè)備組成。Thetoptworingsaretokeepthegasesinthecylinderandarecalledcompressionrings.Theloweronepreventstheoilsplashedontothecylinderborefromenteringthecombustionchamber,andiscalledanoilring.2、最頂?shù)膬傻拉h(huán)保證活塞與氣缸壁間密封的環(huán)叫做氣環(huán)。底下的一道防止機油飛濺到缸筒從而竄入燃燒室的環(huán)叫做為油環(huán)。Withawatercoolingsystem,theheatproducedbyanengineiscarriedbycoolingwatertotheradiatorfordissipation.3、在水冷卻系統(tǒng)中，由發(fā)動機產(chǎn)生的熱量通過冷卻水在散熱器進行散熱。Thelubricationsystemiscomposedofoilpan,oilpump,oilfilters,oilpressureregulators,oilcoolersandoilsensors.4、潤滑系統(tǒng)是由油底殼，機油泵，機油濾清器，油壓調(diào)節(jié)器，機油散熱器和機油壓力傳感器組成。Thecrankshaftpositionsensorisusedtodetectthecrankshaftangleandenginespeed5、曲軸位置傳感器是用來檢測的曲軸轉(zhuǎn)角和發(fā)動機轉(zhuǎn)速Traditionalspringsanddampersarereferredtoaspassivesuspensions.Ifthesuspensionisexternallycontrolledthenitisasemi-activeoractivesuspension.6、傳統(tǒng)的彈性元件和減震器都是被動懸架系統(tǒng)。如果它能從外部控制，那就成為半主動或主動懸架系統(tǒng)。ABSwheelspeedsensorsareinstalledateachwheel,andtheytransmitwheelandtirespeedinformationtothecomputer.7、防抱死制動系統(tǒng)車輪轉(zhuǎn)速傳感器安裝在每個車輪，這些傳感器將車輪和輪胎的轉(zhuǎn)速信號傳給電腦。Rear-wheelABSisdesignedtomaintaindirectionalstabilityandpreventthevehiclefromskiddingsidewaysinemergencies8、后輪防抱死制動系統(tǒng)用來保持方向穩(wěn)定性，在緊急狀態(tài)下防止車輛側(cè)滑。Anengineismainlycomposedoftwomechanismsandfivesystems.9、發(fā)動機主要有兩大機構(gòu)五大系統(tǒng)組成。10、Thevalvegeariscomposedoftiminggears,acamshaft,tappets,valves,springwithfastenersandvalveguides.10、配氣機構(gòu)由正時齒輪、凸輪軸、挺柱、氣門、帶有鎖緊裝置的彈簧和氣門導(dǎo)管組成。11、Enginelubricatingsystemsareusuallydividedintotwotypes:splash,pressurefeed.11、發(fā)動機潤滑系通常有壓力潤滑和飛濺潤滑兩種方式。12、TheengineECUcalculatestheoptimumfuelinjectionvolume,andcausestheinjectorstoinjectthefuel.12、發(fā)動機ECU計算出最適宜的燃油噴射量，然后使噴油器噴射燃油。13、Emissionsfromagasolinedrivenmotorvehicleusuallycomefrom4sources:thefueltank,fuelinjectionsystem,thecrankcase,andtheexhaustsystem.13、汽油車的排放物通常有以下四個來源：油箱、燃油噴射系統(tǒng)、曲軸箱通風(fēng)、排放系統(tǒng)。Thetypicaldrivelinecomprisesclutch,transmission,driveshaft,finaldrive,differentialandthedrivingwheels.14、典型傳動系統(tǒng)一般包括離合器、變速器、傳動軸、主減速器、差速器和驅(qū)動輪等六個部分。15、Twotypesoftransmissionarethemanualandtheautomatic.15、變速器可分為手動式和自動式兩種。16、ABSwheelspeedsensorsareinstalledateachwheel,andtheytransmitwheelandtirespeedinformationtothecomputer.16、防抱死制動系統(tǒng)車輪轉(zhuǎn)速傳感器安裝在每個車輪，這些傳感器將車輪和輪胎的轉(zhuǎn)速信號傳給電腦。17、Theignitionsystemisdividedintotwocircuits:theprimaryandthesecondary.17、點火系統(tǒng)分為兩個電路：初級回路和次級回路。1.Manypollutioncontroldevicesaredesignedtoreduceemissionsfromtheexhaustsystem.Thisisdonebyusingmanynewsystemsandmodifyingothers.Thesemodificationsincludedesignchangestotheignitionsystem,carburetor,intakemanifold,combustionchamberandcamshaft.Otherchangesincludeusingahighertemperaturethermostatandloweringcomperssionratios.ThisresultsinlowercombustiontemperaturesandthereforereducesNOx.1、許多污染控制裝置的設(shè)計，，以減少排氣系統(tǒng)廢氣排放。這是通過使用許多新的系統(tǒng)和修改等。這些修改包括點火系統(tǒng)，化油器，進氣歧管，燃燒室和凸輪軸。其他變動包括使用更高溫度的溫控器和降低壓縮比，降低燃燒溫度，因此減少了NOx2.Theignitiondistributorhasseveralfunctions.Itopensandclosesthe(primary)ignitioncircuit.Itdistributesthehightensioncurrenttotherespective(cylinders)oftheengine.Italsohasamechanismthatcontrolsthe(firing)atwhichthebreakerpointsopen,therebyadvancingor(retarding)thesparkinaccordancewithenginerequirements.2、分電器有多種功能。它打開和關(guān)閉（初級）點火電路。并將高壓電分配到發(fā)動機的各自氣缸。它也有一個控制機構(gòu)，根據(jù)發(fā)動機的要求，在打開斷路器觸點時減少觸點火花（燒蝕）。3、Therearetwobasictypesofautomatictransmissionsbasedonwhetherthevehicleis(rear)wheeldriveor(front)wheeldrive.

Onarearwheeldrivecar,thetransmissionisusually(mounted)tothebackoftheengine.

Adriveshaftconnectstherearofthetransmissiontothe(finaldrive)whichislocatedintherear(axle)andisusedtosend(power)totherearwheels.

Onafrontwheeldrivecar,thetransmissionisus