山東省菏澤市2019-2020學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期中考試英語試題（A卷） （解析版）

-2020學(xué)年度第二學(xué)期期中考試高一英語試題（A）注意事項(xiàng)：1.本試卷由四個(gè)部分組成。其中,第一、二部分和第三部分的第一節(jié)為選擇題。第三部分的第二節(jié)和第四部分為非選擇題。2.答卷前,考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在答題卡上。3.回答選擇題時(shí),選出每小題答案后,用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑;回答非選擇題時(shí),將答案寫在答題卡上,寫在本試卷上無效。4.考試結(jié)束后,將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié),滿分30分）該部分分為第一、第二兩節(jié)。注意∶回答聽力部分時(shí),請先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。聽力部分結(jié)束前,你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將你的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng),并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Howdidthemanusetogotowork?A.Bycar.B.Onfoot.C.Bybus.2.WhenwillthespeakersgotoVenice?A.OnOctober5.B.OnOctober15.C.OnOctober25.3.Whatwilltheweatherbeliketomorrow?A.Rainy.B.Sunny.C.Cloudy.4.What'sthewoman'sfavouriteanimal?A.Dogs.B.Cats.C.Horses.5.Howmuchwillthewomanpay?A.$800.B.$500.第二節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng),并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前,你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段對話,回答第6、7題。6.Whatdidthewomanplayyesterday?A.Basketball.B.Tennis.C.Football.7.WhatdidthemandolastSunday?A.Hewatchedamatch.B.Hestayedathome.C.Heplayedfootball.聽下面一段對話,回答第8、9題。8.What'stheweatherlike?A.Windyandcold.B.Warmanddry.C.Coldandrainy.9.Whatdidthewomanbuyforhercousin?A.Ahat.B.Ascarf.C.Asweater.聽下面一段材料,回答第10至12題。10.Whenwillthepartybeheld?A.OnFriday.B.OnSunday.C.OnSaturday.11.Wherewilltheyhavelunch?A.Athome.B.Atarestaurant.C.Atagolfclub.12WhatwillthemangetforGranddad?A.Acar.B.SomeCDs.C.Asuitcase.聽下面一段材料,回答第13至16題。13.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Makemoremoney.B.Serveasavolunteer.C.Buildavolunteeringgroup.14.Whatstheman?A.Astudent.B.Acollegeteacher.C.Adoctor.15.Whenwillthemandothejob?A.Inthemornings.B.Intheafternoons.C.Intheevenings.16.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthejob?A.It'sawaytoachievehisgoals.B.It'sawaytochoosehiscareer.C.It'awaytogainworkingexperience.聽下面一段材料,回答第17至20題。17.Whencanvisitorsdosomeexperimentswithwater?A.OnTuesday.B.OnWednesday.C.OnSaturday.18.HowmuchshouldanadultpayatleasttovisitScienceWorld?A.￡1.75.B.￡2.C.￡319.Howcanvisitorsbooktheticketsforaspecialevent?A.Bymakingaphonecall.B.Bywritingtotheprogram.C.Bygoingtothetouristoffice.20.Whatisnextmonth'sexhibitionabout?A.Spacetravel.B.Computers.C.Electricity.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié),滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AWhetherit’syourfirsttimeintheBigAppleoryou’rereturningtothecity,it'snotjustthemainsightsthatareworthcheckingout.Thereareplentyofamazingsighsthatyouwon'twanttomiss.EmptyMetTouroftheMetropolitanMuseumofArtTheEmptyMetTourisa1.5-hourtourofthemuseumbeforeitopenstothepublic.You'regiventheVIPtreatmentasamuseumguidewilltakeyouaroundthefamousexhibitsbeforeanyoneelsesetsfootthroughthedoor.Justtrynottolookparticularlyproudwhenyouleaveandpassthelonglineofpeoplewaitingtogetinside!IconicNewYorkPhotographyTourThetourlasts2.5hoursandisledbyaprofessionalphotographerreadytosharesometipsandtricksfortheperfectphoto.Andyou'lllearneverythingyouneedtoknowfortakingthebestshotofthecityBateauxNewYorkDinnerCruiseBateauxNewYorkCruisewillofferyouafantastictripandadeliciousdinner!Infact,hereyoucancombinedeliciousfoodwithsightseeing!Asyouhaveameal,theall-glassboatmeansyoucangetabetterviewoftheStatueofLibertyandotherlandmarks,nottomentionNewYork'sworld-famousskyline.UltimateCentralParkPicnicExperienceChancesareyou'veseenthepicnicinCentralParkshowninmoviesovertheyears.However,youdon'tneedtobeafamousactortohavethefullexperienceandthisluxurious（豪華的）serviceoffersyoumuchmorethanyourtypicaleggsandwiches!Infact,youcanchoosefromaselectionofmeats,cheesesandfreshfruit.Pillowsandblanketsareprovidedandevenaclean-upisincluded!1.WhatcanyouenjoydoingontheEmptyMetTour?A.Beingledbyaprofessionaltouristguide.B.Gainingtherespectofthegeneralpublic.C.Avoidingthenormalcrowdedvisitinghours.D.Learningaboutthebuilding'searlyhistory.2.Whichactivitywillyouchoseifyouareaphotographylover?A.EmptyMetTouroftheMetropolitanMuseumofArt.B.UltimateCentralParkPicnicExperience.C.IconicNewYorkPhotographyTour.D.BateauxNewYorkDinerCruise.3.WhatdoweknowaboutthepicnicinCentralPark?A.Onlyfamouspeoplecanattendit.B.Peoplehavetobookitinadvance.C.Itiswell-knownforitseggsandwiches.D.Peopledon'thavetoworryaboutcleaningup.【1~3題答案】【答案】1.C2.C3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要介紹了紐約幾處值得參觀的地方?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)EmptyMetTouroftheMetropolitanMuseumofArt中的“TheEmptyMetTourisa1.5-hourtourofthemuseumbeforeitopenstothepublic.You'regiventheVIPtreatmentasamuseumguidewilltakeyouaroundthefamousexhibitsbeforeanyoneelsesetsfootthroughthedoor.(TheEmptyMetTour這條線路是在向公眾開放前的1.5小時(shí)的博物館參觀。你將享受貴賓的待遇，導(dǎo)游將在其他人進(jìn)來之前帶你參觀這里的著名藏品)”可知，你將在導(dǎo)游的帶領(lǐng)下避開擁堵的參觀時(shí)間。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)IconicNewYorkPhotographyTour中的“Thetourlasts25hoursandisledbyaprofessionalphotographerreadytosharesometipsandtricksfortheperfectphoto.(這條線路持續(xù)2.5小時(shí)，由專業(yè)攝影師帶領(lǐng)，他會分享一些拍照的建議和技巧)”可知，這條線路適合于攝影愛好者。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)UltimateCentralParkPicnicExperience中的“Pillowsandblanketsareprovidedandevenaclean-upisincluded!(枕頭和毯子也被提供，甚至打掃衛(wèi)生也被包括進(jìn)去）”可知，在終極中央公園野餐不必?fù)?dān)心打掃衛(wèi)生。故選D。BVincentvanGoghwasbornin1853inZundertinthesouthoftheNetherlands.Hewasunluckytoliveonlyfor37yearsandtodiscoverhisloveforartattheageof27.Therefore,heworkedasanartistforonly10yearsofhislife.DuringtheEnlightenmentAge,emphasisonliterature,philosophy,science,fineartsandmusicbecamemorewidespreadespeciallywiththegrowingmiddleclass.ThismeansthatVincentvanGoghhadlivedinaflourishingartisticmovement,whichwassupposedtohelphimsucceedasanartistandbecomerich.Onthecontrary,hedidnotwinfameasanartist.AlthoughVincentpainted900paintingsandmorethan1,100drawings,hisworksremainedunknownandunsoldandhisbrotherTheosupportedhimfinanciallyduringhislifetime.Perhapsoneofthereasonsforhisfailureasanartistishisclumsybehaviorwhenhesufferedfrommentalillness.Anotherreasonishisshort-temperednatureandrudenesswhichmostofthetimebroughthimbloodyfightswithhisfellowGauguinthatendedupwithcuttingoffVincent'sears.Moreover,hewasalwaysdirtyandnotwell-dressed,whichmadepeopleavoiddealingwithhimandbuyinghisartisticworks.Furthermore,hispoorhealthgavemoreblowstohislifeandcausedanearlydeathtosuchagreatartist.Butnowinourage,hismagnificentpainting(PortraitofDr:Gachet)issoldaround150milliondollarsatauction.VincentvanGoghisjustanexampleofthetalentedpeoplewhofailedintheirpursuitofglory.4.WhatcanwelearnaboutVincentbeforehewas27?A.Heshowednoloveforart. B.Heenjoyedstayingalone.C.Hehadagreatinterestinart. D.Hespentmuchtimepainting.5.HowmanyreasonsaregiventopresentVincent'sfailureasanartist?A.Two. B.Three. C.Four. D.Five.6.Whydidn'tpeopleliketotradewithVincent?A.Hewasinamess. B.Hebecameangryeasily.C.Hedidn'thavefineworks D.Heoftenfoughtwithothers.7.Whatdoesthestorymainlytellus?A.Goodmannersaremoreimportantthantalents. B.Aseedplantedindarknessmaybloomlater.C.Failureisthemotherofsuccess. D.Oneisnevertoooldtolearn.【4~7題答案】【答案】4.A5.C6.A7.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了文森特·梵高的個(gè)人經(jīng)歷以及導(dǎo)致他作為藝術(shù)家失敗的幾點(diǎn)原因?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Hewasunluckytoliveonlyfor37yearsandtodiscoverhisloveforartattheageof27.Therefore,heworkedasanartistforonly10yearsofhislife.(不幸的是，他只活了37歲，并在27歲時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)了自己對藝術(shù)的熱愛。因此，他一生中只有10年的時(shí)間是藝術(shù)家)”可知，文森特在27歲之前對藝術(shù)毫無愛好。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Perhapsoneofthereasonsforhisfailureasanartistishisclumsybehaviorwhenhesufferedfrommentalillness.Anotherreasonishisshort-temperednatureandrudenesswhichmostofthetimebroughthimbloodyfightswithhisfellowGauguinthatendedupwithcuttingoffVincent'sears.Moreover,hewasalwaysdirtyandnotwell-dressed,whichmadepeopleavoiddealingwithhimandbuyinghisartisticworks.Furthermore,hispoorhealthgavemoreblowstohislifeandcausedanearlydeathtosuchagreatartist.(也許他作為一個(gè)藝術(shù)家失敗的原因之一是當(dāng)他患有精神疾病時(shí)的笨拙行為。另一個(gè)原因是他的壞脾氣和粗魯，這經(jīng)常導(dǎo)致他與同伴高更發(fā)生血腥沖突，最后割掉了文森特的耳朵。此外，他總是很臟，穿著不講究，這使得人們避免與他打交道，購買他的藝術(shù)作品。此外，他的健康狀況不佳給了他更多的打擊，導(dǎo)致了這樣一個(gè)偉大的藝術(shù)家的早逝)”可知，有四個(gè)理由可以說明文森特作為藝術(shù)家的失敗。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Moreover,hewasalwaysdirtyandnotwell-dressed,whichmadepeopleavoiddealingwithhimandbuyinghisartisticworks.(此外，他總是很臟，穿著不講究，這使得人們避免與他打交道，購買他的藝術(shù)作品)”可知，人們不喜歡和文森特交易是因?yàn)樗粓F(tuán)糟。故選A?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段中“AlthoughVincentpainted900paintingsandmorethan1,100drawings,hisworksremainedunknownandunsoldandhisbrotherTheosupportedhimfinanciallyduringhislifetime.(文森特雖然畫了900多幅畫和1100多幅素描，但他的作品一直默默無聞，沒有出售，他的弟弟西奧在生前為他提供了資金支持)”以及最后一段“VincentvanGoghisjustanexampleofthetalentedpeoplewhofailedintheirpursuitofglory.(文森特·梵高只是有才華的人在追求榮耀時(shí)失敗的一個(gè)例子)”并結(jié)合文章內(nèi)容可知，本文主要講述了文森特·梵高的個(gè)人經(jīng)歷以及導(dǎo)致他作為藝術(shù)家失敗的幾點(diǎn)原因。由此可知，這個(gè)故事主要告訴我們在黑暗中播下的種子可能會在以后開花。故選B。CTheUKhasmanystrangetraditions.OneisPancakeDay.ThistraditioncomesfromShroveTuesday.ItisaChristiantraditionbeforethestarofLent.Onthatday,peopleacrosstheUKmakeandeatpancakesinordertouseupthefoodtheyhaveintheirhousesbeforethestartofPancakesarelargeandthinandcanbetoppedwitheithersaltyorsweetingredients.PeoplemakepancakesintheirhomesbutyoumightalsofindthatsomeschoolsorbusinessesholdspecialPancakeDayevents,oneofwhichispancakerace.Inatypicalpancakerace,competitorshavetorunholdingafryingpanwithapancakeinit.Ascompetitorsrun,theyhavetothrowthepancakeintheairsothatitflipsandlandsbackinthepanontheotherside.Thewinneristhefirsttoreachthefinishline,althoughtheyshouldalsobecarefultomakesurethatthepancakeiscompleteandthatithasn'tbrokenalongtheway.OneofthemostfamouspancakeracesistheRehabParliamentaryPancakeRace.Theraceisacompetitionbetweentwoteams—oneteamofMembersofParliament(MPs),andoneteamofjournalists—mostofwhomtakepartintheracewearingtheirworksuits!TheraceisshownonthenewsandcoveredonTVallaroundtheworld.Andaswellasabitoffun,theraceisalsoheldforagoodcause.Itdrawspeople'sattentiontothecharityRehab,whichworkswithpeoplewithdisabilitiesandotherswhosufferfromsocialexclusion.Anotherimportantpartoftheraceistheofficialstarterchosentoannouncethestartoftherace.ThisisseenasaprestigiousroleandisusuallygiventoaBritishnewspresenter.Butwhoeverischosenusuallyhasahardtimetryingtocontroltherace-theMPsareknownforcheatingeveryyear!8.WhydotheBritishpeopleeatpancakesonShroveTuesday?A.Tomakeawishforthecomingnewyear. B.TopreparefoodforthecomingLent.C.Toeatupallthefoodtheyhave. D.Tosharefoodwithothers.9.Pancakeraceisakindofcompetitioninwhich.A.peoplecompetetowinthebiggestpancakeB.peopletrytomakepancakesasfastaspossibleC.peoplecompetetomakethemostdeliciouspancakeD.peopletrytorunfastwhilekeepingpancakescomplete10.WhatcanwelearnabouttheRehabParliamentaryPancakeRace?A.IthasraisedlotsofmoneyforthecharityRehabB.OnlypeopleinLondoncouldwatchitonTV.C.Itusuallyattractslotsofattentionworldwide.D.Manydisabledpeoplehavetakenpartinit.11.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“prestigious”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A.Respectable. B.Competitive. C.Traditional. D.Serious.【8~11題答案】【答案】8.C9.D10.C11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了英國的煎餅節(jié)傳統(tǒng)以及相關(guān)的比賽?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Onthatday,peopleacrosstheUKmakeandeatpancakesinordertouseupthefoodtheyhaveintheirhousesbeforethestartofPancakesarelargeandthinandcanbetoppedwitheithersaltyorsweetingredients.(在這一天，英國各地人們會制作和吃煎餅，以便在煎餅開始前把家里的食物用完。煎餅又大又薄，可以在上面撒上咸的或甜的配料)”可知，英國人在“懺悔星期二”吃煎餅是為了吃光他們所有的食物。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Thewinneristhefirsttoreachthefinishline,althoughtheyshouldalsobecarefultomakesurethatthepancakeiscompleteandthatithasn'tbrokenalongtheway.(獲勝者是第一個(gè)到達(dá)終點(diǎn)線的人，但他們也要小心，確保煎餅完整，沒有在途中斷裂)”可知，Pancakerace是一種比賽，參賽者在保證煎餅完整的同時(shí)要跑得快。故選D?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“TheraceisshownonthenewsandcoveredonTVallaroundtheworld.(比賽在世界各地的新聞和電視上播出)”可知，RehabParliamentaryPancakeRace通常會吸引全世界的注意。故選C。【11題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞后文“roleandisusuallygiventoaBritishnewspresenter”可知，比賽通常由英國的新聞主持人擔(dān)任，可見這被認(rèn)為是一個(gè)值得尊敬的角色。故畫線詞意思是“值得尊敬的”。A.Respectable.值得尊敬的；B.Competitive.競爭的；C.Traditional.傳統(tǒng)的；D.Serious.嚴(yán)肅的。故選A。DItseemsthere’snowherelefttorunfromthemicroplastic(微塑料的)pollution.AsmallpilotstudyrecentlytookmicroplasticsfromoneofEurope’smostdistantplaces,theFrenchPyreneesmountains,andfoundasmanymicroplasticsinthesoilasyoumightexpectfromabigcitylikeParis.Thereason?Thewind.Researchersnowfearthatourplanet’swindscanpickupmicroplasticsfromaboutanywhereandtransportthemaroundtheworld,sometimesinlargequantities.“We’dkindofexpecteditinacitygettingblownaround,”saidSteveAllenfromtheUniversityofStrathclydeintheUK,onememberoftheteam.“Butwayupthere?Weexpectedtofindsome,”hesaid.“Wedidn’texpecttofindsomany.”Microplasticsarepiecessmallerthanafifthofaninchthathavebrokendownfromlargerpiecesofplastic.Theforcesofnaturedon’tdistinguish(區(qū)分)betweenmaterialslikestonesandrocks,andplastics.Windandwaveshitplasticsandbreakthemdownjustthesame,makingthemintodustthatcanthengetsweptupbythegentlewindandintotheatmosphere.It’sacontinuingenvironmentalconcern,asmoreandmoremicroplasticsfindtheirwayintoourfoodandair.Thefactthatmicroplasticscanbefoundinlargenumbersevenindistantplacesisasignthatishasbecomeaglobalpollutionproblem.SteveAllenandhisteamsetupcollectors4,500feetupinthemountainsforfivemonthstotrapplasticparticles(粒子)astheyfelltotheEarth.Theteamfoundthatanaverageof365plasticparticlesfellontheirsquaremetercollectordaily.Thisincludedbitsformplasticbags,plasticfilmandpackagingmaterial,amongotherplasticsources.Manyofthesematerialsweresmallenoughtobebreathedinwithoutevenrealizingit.They’reintheair,andthey’reeverywhere.12.HowdidSteveAllenthinkofthefinding?A.Itwasinteresting. B.Itwassurprising.C.Itwasconflicting. D.Itwasdisappointing.13.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph3?A.Howthewindspreadsthemicroplastics.B.Howthemicroplasticscomeintobeing.C.Howthemicroplasticpollutionappears.D.Howthewindmakesthepollutionserious.14.Whatdoweknowabouttheplasticparticles?A.Itisdifficulttocollectthem. B.Theyallcomefrombigcities.C.Theyarepartoftheairwebreathe. D.Itisimpossibletoknowtheirsource.15.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Plasticshavebeenfoundinthedistantareas.B.Plasticsareprovedtodogreatharmtothesoil.C.Themicroplasticpollutionisworseinbigcities.D.Windiscarryingmicroplasticsaroundtheworld.【12~15題答案】【答案】12.B13.A14.C15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。本文主要介紹似乎沒有地方可以逃離微塑料污染，在遙遠(yuǎn)的地區(qū)也發(fā)現(xiàn)了數(shù)量驚人的微塑料?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的““We’dkindofexpecteditinacitygettingblownaround,”saidSteveAllenfromtheUniversityofStrathclydeintheUK,onememberoftheteam.“Butwayupthere?Weexpectedtofindsome,”hesaid.“Wedidn’texpecttofindsomany.””（來自英國斯特拉斯克萊德大學(xué)的史蒂夫·艾倫是研究小組的一員，他說：‘我們本以為它會在一個(gè)被風(fēng)吹來吹去的城市里出現(xiàn)。’‘但是在那邊?我們預(yù)計(jì)會發(fā)現(xiàn)一些，’他說?！覀儧]想到會發(fā)現(xiàn)這么多?！┩浦?，史蒂夫沒想到在遙遠(yuǎn)的法國比利牛斯山脈會發(fā)現(xiàn)這么多的微塑料，可得出他認(rèn)為他們的發(fā)現(xiàn)是令人驚訝的。故選B。13題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Theforcesofnaturedon’tdistinguish(區(qū)分)betweenmaterialslikestonesandrocks,andplastics.Windandwaveshitplasticsandbreakthemdownjustthesame,makingthemintodustthatcanthengetsweptupbythegentlewindandintotheatmosphere.”（大自然的力量無法區(qū)分像石頭和巖石這樣的材料，以及塑料。風(fēng)浪撞擊塑料并將其分解，使其變成灰塵，然后被柔和的風(fēng)吹到大氣中。）可知，在本段我們可以了解到風(fēng)是如何傳播微塑料的。故選A。【14題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“It’sacontinuingenvironmentalconcern,asmoreandmoremicroplasticsfindtheirwayintoourfoodandair.”（隨著越來越多的微塑料進(jìn)入我們的食物和空氣中，這是一個(gè)持續(xù)的環(huán)境問題。）和最后一段的“Manyofthesematerialsweresmallenoughtobebreathedinwithoutevenrealizingit.”（這些材料中有很多都很小，可以在不知不覺中吸入。）可知，微塑料已經(jīng)成為我們呼吸的空氣中的一部分。故選C?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章的主要，尤其第一段“Itseemsthere’snowherelefttorunfromthemicroplastic(微塑料的)pollution.AsmallpilotstudyrecentlytookmicroplasticsfromoneofEurope’smostdistantplaces,theFrenchPyreneesmountains,andfoundasmanymicroplasticsinthesoilasyoumightexpectfromabigcitylikeParis.”（似乎沒有地方可以逃離微塑料污染。最近，一項(xiàng)小型試點(diǎn)研究從歐洲最遙遠(yuǎn)的地方之一——法國比利牛斯山脈——采集了微塑料，發(fā)現(xiàn)土壤中的微塑料數(shù)量與你在巴黎這樣的大城市所能想到的一樣多。）和最后一段的“Thefactthatmicroplasticscanbefoundinlargenumbersevenindistantplacesisasignthatishasbecomeaglobalpollutionproblem.”（即使在遙遠(yuǎn)的地方也能發(fā)現(xiàn)大量的微塑料，這一事實(shí)表明微塑料已經(jīng)成為一個(gè)全球性的污染問題。）可知，本文主要介紹在遙遠(yuǎn)的地區(qū)也發(fā)現(xiàn)了數(shù)量驚人的微塑料。故選A。第二節(jié)（共5小題∶每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Todaytoomuchscreentimehascausedalotofproblemsfortens.Itmakesteensgetfatandspendlesstimetakingpartinsocialactivities.It’stimetolimityourteen’sscreentime.Herearesomewaystohelpyoukeepyourteen’sscreentimewithinhealthylimits.____16____Letyourteenknowitneedstobeearnedandcanbetakenawayatanytime.Tellyourteentodohishomeworkandchoresfirst._____17_____Bearolemodel.Tellingyourteentoturnoffhiselectronicswhileyou’resittinginfrontoftheTVisn’tlikelytochangeanything.____18____Beagoodrolemodelbylimitingyourownscreentime.Discouragemultitasking.____19____Theytrytotextmessagewhiledoingtheirhomework.Discourageyourteenfromdoingtwothingsatonce.Anddiscusshowitcanactuallyaffecttheminabadway.Holdfamilymeetingstodiscussscreentime.____20____Workonproblem-solvingtogetheranddiscusshowyoucanallworktogethertoensurethatthefamilyisn’tgettingtoomuchscreentime.A.Makescreentimeareward.B.TurnofftheTVduringmealtimes.C.Teenswilllearnmorefromwhatyoudothanwhatyousay.D.Mosttensthinktheycandoseveralthingsatthesametime.E.ThenallowhimtowatchTVonlyafterhe’scompletedhisresponsibilities.F.Helpyourteenmakegoodchoiceswithvideogames,TVs,andcomputers.G.Allowyourteentogiveopinionsabouttherulesoraboutwhatwouldbehelpful.【16~20題答案】【答案】16.A17.E18.C19.D20.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了作為家長，應(yīng)該怎樣才能有效地控制孩子的屏幕時(shí)間，讓它保持在健康界限以內(nèi)?！?6題詳解】小題1.空格處是主題句。根據(jù)后面段落的主題句“Bearolemodel.”；“Discouragemultitasking.”；“Holdfamilymeetingstodiscussscreentime.”可知，空格處根據(jù)主題句的形式一致原則，要用祈使句。結(jié)合后面內(nèi)容“Letyourteenknowitneedstobeearnedandcanbetakenawayatanytime.(讓你的孩子知道它是需要掙來的，并且可以在任何時(shí)候被拿走。)”可知A.“Makescreentimeareward.(讓屏幕時(shí)間成為獎(jiǎng)勵(lì))”與后面的話題一致，意思銜接緊密?！癊arn”與“reward”相呼應(yīng)。故選A。

小題2.根據(jù)上句“Tellyourteentodohishomeworkandchoresfirst.(告訴你的孩子先做作業(yè)和家務(wù))”可知E.“ThenallowhimtowatchTVonlyafterhe’scompletedhisresponsibilities.(然后允許你的孩子只有在完成了他的責(zé)任后才可以看電視）”與上一句話題一致，意思銜接緊密?！癴irst”和“Then”形成時(shí)間上的銜接。故選E。小題3.根據(jù)本段主題句“Bearolemodel.(做一個(gè)榜樣）”以及空格后一句Beagoodrolemodelbylimitingyourownscreentime.(通過限制你自己的屏幕時(shí)間做好榜樣）”可知，你自己要做好榜樣。因此C.“Teenswilllearnmorefromwhatyoudothanwhatyousay.(孩子從你所做的比你所說的學(xué)到的要更多）”與主題句的話題一致，且與后一句意思銜接緊密。故選C。小題4.根據(jù)本段主題句“Discouragemultitasking.(阻止多任務(wù)處理）”以及空格后一句“Theytrytotextmessagewhiledoingtheirhomework.(他們試圖在做作業(yè)的過程中編輯短信）”可知，D.“Mosttensthinktheycandoseveralthingsatthesametime.(多數(shù)孩子認(rèn)為他們可以同時(shí)做好幾件事）”與本段主題句話題一致，而后一段中的“They”與D項(xiàng)中的“Mosttens”指代一致。故選D。小題5.根據(jù)本段主題句“Holdfamilymeetingstodiscussscreentime.(舉行家庭會議來討論屏幕時(shí)間）”可知，G.Allowyourteentogiveopinionsabouttherulesoraboutwhatwouldbehelpful.(允許你的孩子關(guān)于規(guī)則和有幫助的做法發(fā)表意見）”與主題話題一致。家庭會議是家庭成員發(fā)表意見的場所。故選G。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié),滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題∶每小題1分,滿分15分）閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。A27weekpregnantwomangotonabustogotothenearesthospital.Shewashavinglaborpains.Thebusmanknewthis.Assheapproachedherstopshegotupfromherseat.Thedrivertoldherto___21___.Hethenannouncedtothe___22___ofthepassengersthathewastakingadetour(繞行)forthe___23___fourbusstopsandtheycouldgetoffthebusandgetanothernew___24___iftheywished.Thedriverthen___25___theexpectantwomantothedoorsofthehospital,gotoffthebuswithherandbroughther___26___tothehospitaldoors.Thefollowingday,thewomanrangthebus___27___fromhospitalhopingtofindout___28___thedriverhadgotinto___29___.Shefoundthatonlyonepersononthebusfiledacomplaint.Thedriveralsorangthecompanyafterhereturnedtothebusandexplainedthesituation.Thebuscompanygave____30____tothedriver.The____31____mumsaidhernewbornson’slifehadbeensaved____32____thebusdriver’sactions.Isn’tthisjust____33____!Neverestimatethepowerofkindnessespeciallyspontaneous(自發(fā)的)kindness.Oftenthose____34____needkindnessthemostwouldneveraskforit.Beingsensitivetothisneedisakindness____35____itself.21.A.getoff B.sitdown C.setoff D.getthrough22.A.other B.only C.most D.rest23.A.first B.last C.following D.previous24.A.direction B.stop C.route D.vehicle25.A.drove B.transmitted C.accompanied D.recommended26.A.right B.forward C.eventually D.indeed27.A.passenger B.company C.driver D.station28.A.why B.that C.how D.if29.A.embarrassment B.relief C.trouble D.position30.A.praise B.gratitude C.reward D.apology31.A.new B.sad C.ordinary D.excited32.A.as B.for C.with D.by33.A.tough B.particular C.worthwhile D.wonderful34.A.when B.who C.whose D.which35.A.of B.to C.in D.above【21~35題答案】【答案】21.B22.D23.C24.C25.A26.A27.B28.D29.C30.A31.A32.D33.D34.B35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述一名公交車司機(jī)繞行送陣痛的婦女前往醫(yī)院的故事。提醒人們對待周圍的人和事要善良?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：司機(jī)讓她坐下。A.getoff下車；B.sitdown坐下；C.setoff引爆；D.getthrough經(jīng)歷，打通電話。根據(jù)下文“Hethenannouncedtothe___2___ofthepassengersthathewastakingadetour(繞行)”可知，司機(jī)準(zhǔn)備通過繞行來幫助這位即將生產(chǎn)的女士，因此叫她坐下。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然后他向剩下的乘客宣布接下來的四站他將繞行，如果愿意的話乘客們可以下車選擇另一條線路。A.other其他人；B.only唯一；C.most大多數(shù)；D.rest剩下的人（事物）。根據(jù)“Hethenannouncedtothe___2___ofthepassengersthathewastakingadetour(繞行)”可知，司機(jī)準(zhǔn)備通過繞行來幫助這位即將生產(chǎn)的女士，因此告知剩下的那些乘客他們可以下車去換乘其他的線路。故選D?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然后他向剩下的乘客宣布接下來的四站他將繞行，如果愿意的話乘客們可以下車選擇另一條線路。A.first第一個(gè)的，首先的；B.last最后的；C.following接下來的；D.previous從前的。根據(jù)“Hethenannouncedtothe___2___ofthepassengersthathewastakingadetour(繞行)”可知，司機(jī)準(zhǔn)備通過繞行來幫助這位即將生產(chǎn)的女士，由此推知接下來的四站他將選擇和平時(shí)不一樣的線路。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然后他向剩下的乘客宣布接下來的四站他將繞行，如果愿意的話乘客們可以下車選擇另一條線路。A.direction方向，指導(dǎo)；B.stop站；C.route線路；D.vehicle車輛。結(jié)合常識和“theycouldgetoffthebus”可知，此處是指乘客可以下車，選擇另外的線路到達(dá)自己的目的地。故選C?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然后，司機(jī)開車徑直將這名孕婦送到醫(yī)院門口，與她一起下車，將她帶到醫(yī)院門口。A.drove駕駛；B.transmitted傳播，發(fā)射；C.accompanied陪伴；D.recommended推薦。根據(jù)上文提到司機(jī)將繞行可知，此處是指司機(jī)開著公交車將孕婦送往醫(yī)院。故選A?！?6題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然后，司機(jī)開車徑直將這名孕婦送到醫(yī)院門口，與她一起下車，將她帶到醫(yī)院門口。A.right恰好，徑直；B.forward向前；C.eventually最后；D.indeed的確。根據(jù)上文“Shewashavinglaborpains.”可知，這位女士正在經(jīng)歷產(chǎn)前陣痛。由此推知，司機(jī)應(yīng)是徑直將這位女士送到醫(yī)院門口。故選A?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：第二天，這位女士從醫(yī)院給公交公司打電話，希望了解司機(jī)是否遇到了麻煩。A.passenger乘客；B.company公司；C.driver司機(jī)；D.station站。根據(jù)下文“Thedriveralsorangthecompany”中的also推知，這位女士給公交公司打了電話。故選B?！?8題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：第二天，這位女士從醫(yī)院給公交公司打電話，希望了解司機(jī)是否遇到了麻煩。A.why為什么；B.that（無意義）；C.how如何；D.if是否。根據(jù)上文公交司機(jī)繞行幫助這位女士可知，女士打電話給公交公司了解司機(jī)是否因?yàn)榇耸露艿搅藸窟B，用if引導(dǎo)從句符合題意。故選D?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：第二天，這位女士從醫(yī)院給公交公司打電話，希望了解司機(jī)是否遇到了麻煩。A.embarrassment尷尬；B.relief緩解，寬慰；C.trouble麻煩；D.position位置，職位。根據(jù)“Shefoundthatonlyonepersononthebusfiledacomplaint.”可知，女士打電話給公交公司了解司機(jī)是否因?yàn)榇耸露萑肓寺闊?。故選C?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：公交公司表揚(yáng)的該司機(jī)。A.praise表演，贊美；B.gratitude感激；C.reward回報(bào)；D.apology歉意，道歉。結(jié)合常識可知，對于公交司機(jī)幫助他人的行為，公司應(yīng)給與表揚(yáng)。故選A。【31題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這位新媽媽說司機(jī)的行為救了她剛出生的兒子。A.new新的；B.sad悲傷的；C.ordinary普通的；D.excited興奮的。根據(jù)“hernewbornson’slife”可知，這是一位新媽媽。故選A。【32題詳解】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：這位新媽媽說司機(jī)的行為救了她剛出生的兒子。A.as作為；B.for因?yàn)?；C.with和，帶著；D.by通過。在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中，由介詞by引出動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者。故選D?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這不是很好嗎？A.tough棘手的，艱苦的；B.particular特別的；C.worthwhile值得的；D.wonderful精彩的，好的。此處是反問句，即這位新媽媽認(rèn)為司機(jī)通過自己的行動(dòng)救她兒子的生命這件事是非常好的。故選D。【34題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：那些最需要善良的人永遠(yuǎn)不會要求它?？仗幰龑?dǎo)定語從句修飾先行詞those，從句缺少主語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞who引導(dǎo)。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：對這種需要敏感本身就是一種善良。A.of……的；B.to對于，像；C.in在……里；D.above在……上面。結(jié)合句意可知，此處為固定表達(dá)initself“本身”，指能看到別人的需求本身也是一種善良。故選C。第二節(jié)（共10小題：每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。ShivangiPathak,a17-year-oldgirlfromasmalltownHisar,hasachievedanothermilestone____36____(successful)byclimbingMountKilimanjaro,Africa’shighestpointandtallestfree-standingmountainintheworld.Shecompletedhermountainjourneyinjustthreedaysfrom21stJulyand____37____(finish)on24thJuly,2018.Indianwomen____38____(make)countryproudallovertheworld.Atthe‘RoofofAfrica’,HisartenShivangihasaspecialmessage‘savingourgirlstosaveourfuture’,____39____shewantstosharewitheveryIndiantomake____40____(they)awarethatnothingisimpossibleandwomencanovercomeeverybattleeasilywithherwillpower.____41____(speak)onherJourney,Ms.ShivangiPathakwhoisalsopopularlyknownasTheEagleofMountainsaid“Womencanachieveanythingiftheydesire.Thereisnothingthatfemale____42____(Indian)can’tdo.Theyarenottheburdenbuttheyarethefutureofthecountry.Don’tstoponwhatyouachieved_____43_____fightformore.”ShivangiPathakhasalreadyheldthetitle‘TheEagleofMountain’afterclimbingtheMountEverest____44____themonthofMay2018andbecometheyoungestIndian____45____(climb)upMountEverestfromNepalside.【36~45題答案】【答案】36.successfully