M7Unit1grammar（共59張PPT）.ppt

1、南京師范大學(xué)附屬揚(yáng)子中學(xué),陳云 嚴(yán)玉霞,My family will move _a new flat. We need a lot of new household appliances _we can move_. Last Saturday, we went _a department store. The household appliances section is _the fifth floor.,to,in,to,on,before,on in to into for after before,Complete the article with the following pr

2、epositions.,We first bought a fridge and an electric rice cooker. My parents suggested we buy a microwave oven so that we can save a lot of time reheating food. Then we bought a washing machine. _that, a vacuum cleaner came _our package as it is useful _keeping our house clean. We had a tiring but h

3、appy day.,After,into,for,on in to into for after before,What are prepositions? How are they used?,Prepositions are words that are used before a noun or a noun phrase to show time, place, movement, etc. A preposition can also be used before a verb in the ing form.,e.g. it is useful for keeping our ho

4、use clean.,I am an English teacher in a middle school. Since I was in Junior High, I have been interested in English. _that time, I usually got up _5.30 a.m. reading English aloud. _15 September 1998, I got the first prize in an English speech contest in my school, which made me work even harder at

5、English. _now, I have been learning English _more than 14 years and I will never stop learning it.,At,at,On,By,for,Fill in the blanks with proper prepositions.,conclusion: The prepositions (at / by / on / for ) we filled in just now are used to express_ .,time,How to use prepositions to express time

6、?,prepositions of time,at in on for by since during after before between from until,used before a point of time indicating no later than a time used before a period of time from a time in the past until a later time or now indicating in the period of time separating two dates, events; etc indicating

7、 the time at which sth starts earlier than the time when up to the time of (a specified event) used before a particular day to show how long something continues throughout or within a period of time indicating later in time,The train leaves _ 6:00pm, so I have to be at the station _ 5:40 at the late

8、st. A. at; until B. for; after C. at; by D. before; around 2. The old man died _ cold _ a cold night. A. from; at B. of; in C. of; on D. for; during 3. The railway was opened _ traffic _ April 4, 1985. A. to; on B. to; in C. by; on D. for; on,C,C,A,at on in,(I),Click it here,at 8 oclock at noon at n

9、ight at midnight at the end of,at that time at the beginning of at the age of at Christmas at New Year,at,in in the morning (afternoon, evening) in October in 1998 in summer (autumn, spring, winter) in the past in the future,on on Monday on Christmas morning on the following day on May Day on a warm

10、 morning on a windy night on the evening of April,注意比較：,_ Christmas _ Christmas Day _ the Christmas days,at 10:00_ the morning of March, 1998 at 10:00_ the morning on April, 1998,at,on,during,in,on,1. His father will be back from London _ a few days. A. since B. in C. on D. after 2. - How long has t

11、he bookshop been in business? - _ 1987. A. After B. In C. From D. Since 3. The touch they had both kept in _ many years broke. A. for B. on C. into D. with,B,D,A,表持續(xù)時(shí)間的_的區(qū)別,(II),since, for, in, after, since 接過去的某時(shí)間點(diǎn), 常用于完成時(shí). for 接一段具體的時(shí)間, 常用于完成時(shí). in + 一段時(shí)間與非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用,表一段時(shí)間以后,多 用于將來時(shí); 與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用,表一段時(shí)間內(nèi),時(shí)

12、態(tài)不限. after + 一段時(shí)間,常用于過去時(shí).,在期間，常用介詞 during, for, over, within, throughout, from.to 等 e.g. during the summer holiday. for four years Ill be back within an hour. from 6 to 8 從6點(diǎn)到8點(diǎn),(III),表示其它時(shí)間概念的介詞: beforeuntiltillbetweenbyup to等 1）before “在之前，早于” before supper 晚飯前 before class 上課前 before long 不久 2）un

13、tiltill “直到” The meeting will last till 5:00 3）by表示“到為止”， by the end by the end of last term,(IV),在時(shí)間狀語中，有兩種情況不用介詞 1）表示“去年”“上個(gè)月” “今年”“這個(gè)月”“本周”“明年”“下個(gè)月”“每年”“每月”“每周”等概念時(shí)。 last year (month, week); this year (month, week); next year (month, week) My family are going to Hangzhou next month. Every summer

14、she goes to visit her parents. 2）用all來表示整個(gè)“年、月、星期、天”等概念時(shí), 如： We worked there all afternoon. She has lived in the village all her life.,(V),Describe the location of Qing hua High School,prepositions of place,at, in, on, above，against, behind, between, by, near, opposite, under, below, off, over, insi

15、de, outside, etc.,conclusion: The prepositions (at / by / on / in / behind / between / opposite / near / across, etc ) we used just now are used to express_ .,place,(I)表示地點(diǎn)時(shí) at, in, on 的區(qū)別 My uncle lives _ 116 Changhe Street. His room is _ the sixth floor. A. at; on B. to; at C. on; in D. of; to at

16、表示在較小的地方(村莊, 小城鎮(zhèn),門牌); 在某物旁(不確定的地方) in 表示在較大的地方(國家,城市); 在某物范圍內(nèi).(地點(diǎn) 的排列順序是由小到大. on 表示在某物上(表面接觸); road 前用on, street前用 in/on; 樓層用on; farm前用on, field前用in.,A,(II)表方位的介詞in, on, to, off的區(qū)別 Guangdong lies _ the south of China and Fujian is _ the east of it. Hainan is _ the coast of the mainland. A. in; in; o

17、n B. in; on; off C. on; to; on D. in; to; away in 表示在境內(nèi). on 表示相鄰或在邊界上, 不在境內(nèi). to 表示在境外, 不接壤. off 表示在海面上靠近海岸的地方.,B,(III) 表上下方位的介詞 _ 的區(qū)別,under/over below/above,under/over , below/above,Click it here,_ the wall 在墻上 _ the train 在火車上 The picture is _ the map. 畫在地圖上方。 Hang the picture _ the bookshelf. 把這張畫

18、掛在書架上面。 There is a bridge _the river. 在河的上面橫跨一座橋。 on 多用于與物體有接觸時(shí),位于物體的表面,邊上,線上。 above 側(cè)重于指上下位置，有對比與參照物。 over 側(cè)重于指橫跨兩端，或有覆蓋的含義。,practice,on,on,over,above,over,The water reached a few inches _the knees. 水離膝蓋只有幾英寸了. under與 below均可表“正下方”， _the sea level. 海拔以下 play _the tree 在樹下玩 pass _the bridge 在橋下流過,be

19、low/under,below,under,under,表示“低于.”僅用below，此時(shí)與above為反義，,(IV)表示“在前面/后面” The children are playing _their house. 那些孩子正在家門口玩。 He parked the car _the house. 車停在屋子后面。 There is a blackboard _the classroom. 教室的后面有一塊黑板。 at the back of與behind的意義基本一樣，都表示“在后面”，但所指有區(qū)別， behind指一物體在另一物體的后方，而at the back of指一物體包含在另一

20、物的內(nèi)部的后方。,in front of,behind,at the back of,behind/before/in front of/ in the front of/behind/ at the back of,(V)表示“在中間” between/among/in the middle of You can sit _him and me . The animals usually hide _the trees during the daytime. There is a desk _the classroom. between 表示“在之間”（常指二者之間） among 表示“在中

21、間”（三者或三者以上） in the middle of 指位置時(shí)，總是強(qiáng)調(diào)在一處地方的中心或中心附近的位置,between,among,in the middle of,()表示“在旁邊”用_ (1)near 表示“在附近、靠近”，暗示距離很近，如： The smiths live near a park. 史密斯一家住在一座公園附近。 (2)beside 表示“在附近、靠近”與by意思相近，如： She sat in the chair beside the door. 他坐在門邊上的一張椅子上。 (3)by表示“在附近，緊挨” Mike is standing by the door.

22、麥克站在門旁邊。,near / by / beside,Whats there _the box? 盒子里有什么？ She was told to wait _the classroom. 他被要求在教室外面等著。 The post office store is just _the street. 郵局就在樹的對面。 The man stood with his back _the wall. 那個(gè)男人背靠著墻站著。,()其他, 如“inside, outside, across, against, etc”,inside,outside,across,against,Choose the

23、best answer. 1. _ the gate and youll find the entrance _ the park _ the other side. A. Through; to; on B. Along; of; on C. Down; to; at D. Up; of; by 2. Early _the morning of May 1, we started off _ the mountain village. A. in; for B. in; to C. on; / D. on; for,A,D,prepositions of movement,conclusio

24、n: The prepositions (through / along / to / down / for, etc ) are used to express_ .,movement,across, along, down, into, off, over, out of, past, round, through, under, up, etc.,across, along, down, into, off, etc,Click it here,She went _Beijing University yesterday. 他昨天到北京大學(xué)去了。 A friend of mine sen

25、t me the gift _Tianjin. 這禮物是我的一個(gè)朋友從天津寄給我的。 He poured some milk _the cup. 他往被子里到了些牛奶。 Walk straight _the street and youll find the post office. 順著這條街一直往前走,你就會找到那個(gè)郵局的。 I saw him walking _the library. 我看到他匆匆走出了圖書館。,to,from,into,along,out of,(I)表示運(yùn)動(dòng)方向的介詞,The ship started _London. 這艘輪船向倫敦駛?cè)ァ?She fell _th

26、e ladder and hurt her leg. 他從梯子上摔下來，把腿摔壞了。 I found the car driving _me. 我發(fā)現(xiàn)車正朝我開來。 for 表示“（方向、傾向、能力）向，往” off 表示“從離開”“從下來” toward(s), to ,for都可表示“方向”toward(s)只表示動(dòng)作的方向，與到達(dá)與否無關(guān)，to表示到達(dá)的目的地，for表示目的地，和to表目的地是前面多用動(dòng)詞不同，for常與leave/start/set out/sail等連用，to常go/come/return等連用。,for,off,towards,(II)表示“經(jīng)過”“穿過”“通過”

27、的介詞 The ball rolled_the grass.球從草地上滾過。 He walked _me without saying a word. I dont think anyone can jump _the fence. 我看沒人能跳過那座圍墻。 She drove _a school on her way home. across 表示“從這一邊到一邊”；穿過物體表面,或橫過。by 表示“從人或事物旁邊經(jīng)過”，意義與past相似 over 表示“從人或事物上空經(jīng)過、越過” past 表示“從人或事物旁邊經(jīng)過”，意義與by相似 through 表示“從事物的里面穿過”或“從長形物的

28、一頭 到另一頭”。,by,across,over,past,across/by/over/through/past, etc,()表示“遍及” 的介詞 throughout / all over / all along / all around, etc The news spread throughout the country. It is used by travelers and business people all over the world. I looked all over for you before I started. There are trees all alon

29、g the river banks.,(I) 表示“除 之外”的介詞 He usually goes to work on time _. A. except for raining days B. besides it rains C. but that it rains D. except on rainy days besides 表示包含, 除 - 之外還有- except 表示排除, 除 - 之外 but 表示排除, 多與nobody, none, no one, nothing, anything, everyone, all, who 等連用. except for 表示除去整體

30、中的部分, “只是, 只不過”,D,Extension,_ basketball, I like playing Pingpang. You have no choice _work hard. Li Long is a good student _his laziness.,Besides,but,except for,（II）表示方式、方法、手段的常用介詞 _,Mr. Green usually goes to work _car. He wrote many letters _English. He told me to write _a pen. You can master Engl

31、ish _more practice.,by,in,with,through, by 表示“用（方法、手段、途徑等）”或意為“乘坐（交通工具） ”，后接的名詞前面通常不用冠詞。 in 表示“用（方式、材料、途徑、語言）”。 with 表示“帶著，伴隨”，后接具體的工具，手段、材料或其他行為方式。 through 表示“以(方法、手段) ”“經(jīng)由”。,by, in, with, through,Read the dialogue on page 8 and do the exercise in pairs. Answers: (1) for (2) at (3) until (4) by (5)

32、 during (6) to,Prepositional phrases,Arrange the prepositional phrases listed into three types: prepositional phrases with nouns/adjectives/verbs cautious about, look at, look after, different from, run into, hear from, in other words, meet with, in return, on a large scale, fit for, stand for, to s

33、ome extent, by hand,run into hear form stand for meet with look for look at,prepositional phrases with verbs,on a large scale in other words by hand to some extent in return,prepositional phrases with nouns,cautious about, different from, fit for,prepositional phrases with adjectives,More prepositio

34、nal phrases with verbs,V + with V + sth (sb) + with + sth (sb) V + at aim, point, wonder, strike, work, look, glance, laugh, run, catch, shoot, stare, glare, smile, call, fire, tear, knock, arrive,begin, mix, agree, deal, fight, meet, play, quarrel, do,compare, provide, supply, feed, replace, combin

35、e, equip, furnish,(4)V+in (5) V+sb(sth)+in (6) V + from (7) V + sth ( sb) +from + sth ( sb or a place),get, lie, turn, draw, believe, share, take, drop, give, call, hand, succeed, bring, result, trade, involve, check, count, cut, participate, fill, join, trust, believe,help, assist, spend,learn, die

36、, come, suffer, hear, fall, rise, hang, escape, date, depart, result, differ, distinguish, judge,borrow, protect, receive, separate, keep, stop, prevent, choose, remove, save,(8) V+of (9) V+sb+of+sth (10) V+sth+of+sb (11) V+on act, lean, live, work, depend, look, wait, turn, switch, pull, have, keep

37、, call, put, push, speak, insist, push, count, figure, carry,consist, dream, hear, tell, think, know, talk, die, speak,rob, warn, inform, remind, accuse, cheat, convince, relieve,ask, beg, demand, require,(12) V+sb(sth)+ON+sb(sth) (13) V+to (14) V+to+sb (15) V+sth(sb) +to+sth(sb),congratulate, spend

38、, base, fix,listen, stick, refer, turn, point, reply, occur, attend, lead, happen, come, get, write, hold, agree, belong, adapt, attribute, object, adjust, relate, respond,announce, describe, explain, express, mention, report, say, shout, whisper, speak, talk, nod,devote, compare, add, introduce, in

39、vite, leave, join, reduce, sentence, carry, take,(16)V+for account, beg, hope, send, look, ask, long, pay, wish, wait, leave, fight, plan, prepare, care, stand, search, answer, run, call, apply, provide, apologize (17)v+sb+for+sth ask, blame, forgive, pardon, pay, praise, punish, reward, thank, excu

40、se(18)v+about quarrel, agree, complain, bring, think, set, care, hear,More prepositional phrases with adjectives,(1)adj+with angry, strict, pleased, busy, covered, satisfied, filled, wrong, wild, crowded, connected, popular, patient, annoyed, delighted, content, friendly, concerned, bored, associate

41、d, burdened, consistent, disappointed, displeased, familiar, impatient, popular, satisfied,(2)adj+at amused, delighted, angry, good, surprised, astonished, pleased, terrified, clever, astonished, impatient, quick, surprised(3)adj+in rich, interested, active, disappointed, engaged, busy, weak, expert

42、, successful, absorbed, skilled, concerned, experienced, confident, employed, accurate, diligent (4)adj+from different, far, tired, made, separate, absent, made,(5)adj+of aware, careful, free, short, worthy, afraid, proud, full, tired, made, capable, impatient, considerate, guilty, jealous, ashamed,

43、 cautious, conscious, forgetful, fond, informed, made, regardless, rid, sensible, sick (6)adj+on hard, keen, dependent, based, impressed,(7)adj+to equal, opposed, familiar, close, near, kind, harmful, polite, rude, similar, useful, married, known, used, good, dedicated, fair, related, indifferent, devoted, contrary, suitable, close, opposite, accustomed, adapted, addicted, adequate, blind, common, deaf, grateful, important, loyal, relative, thankful,(8)adj+for eager, bad, good, famous, fit, suitable, ready, sorry