英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)ppt課件

1、1Tense & voiceTense & voice2 體體（form）時(shí)（時(shí)（time）一般時(shí)一般時(shí)indefinite進(jìn)行時(shí)進(jìn)行時(shí)continuous完成時(shí)完成時(shí)perfect完成進(jìn)行時(shí)完成進(jìn)行時(shí)perfectcontinuous現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在present一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)studystudies現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)amisstudyingare現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)have studiedhas現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)havebeenstudyinghas過去過去past一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí)studied過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)was studying were過去完成時(shí)過

2、去完成時(shí) hadstudied過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)had been studying將來將來Future一般將來時(shí)一般將來時(shí)shall studywill將來進(jìn)行時(shí)將來進(jìn)行時(shí)shall be studyingwill將來完成時(shí)將來完成時(shí)shall have studiedwill將來完成進(jìn)行時(shí)將來完成進(jìn)行時(shí)shall have been studyingwill過去將來過去將來Future in the past過去將來時(shí)過去將來時(shí)should studywould過去將來進(jìn)行時(shí)過去將來進(jìn)行時(shí)should be studyingwould過去將來完成時(shí)過去將來完成時(shí)should hav

3、e studiedwould過去將來完成進(jìn)行時(shí)過去將來完成進(jìn)行時(shí)should have been studyingwould時(shí)態(tài)的種類時(shí)態(tài)的種類英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有16種時(shí)態(tài)，現(xiàn)以study為例，列表如下：3過去過去現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在將來將來時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)高考題高考題鞏固鞏固 題題1鞏固鞏固 題題2NoImage4主動(dòng)主動(dòng)被動(dòng)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)5一般一般現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在時(shí)時(shí)現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在6I I learnedlearned that the earth that the earth around the sun when I was in primary school. around the su

4、n when I was in primary school. If he accepts the job, he will get more money soon. If he accepts the job, he will get more money soon. 考點(diǎn)二：在時(shí)間和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，代替一般將來時(shí)；常用的引導(dǎo)詞有：考點(diǎn)二：在時(shí)間和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，代替一般將來時(shí)；常用的引導(dǎo)詞有： 時(shí)間：時(shí)間：when, until, after, before, as soon as, once, the moment/the minute; when, until, after, befo

5、re, as soon as, once, the moment/the minute; Eg: When Bill comes (不是不是will come), ask him to wait for me. 條件：條件：if, unless, provided. if, unless, provided. 一般一般現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在時(shí)時(shí)goesgoes考點(diǎn)一：表示永恒的真理，即使出現(xiàn)在過去的語(yǔ)境中，仍用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。考點(diǎn)一：表示永恒的真理，即使出現(xiàn)在過去的語(yǔ)境中，仍用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 71 1）The train _at six tomorrow morning.The train _at six tom

6、orrow morning. When does the bus start? It _in ten minutes.When does the bus start? It _in ten minutes.leavesleavesstartsstartsIf you If you will will accept my invitation, my family will be pleased.accept my invitation, my family will be pleased.注意：注意：由由if if 引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句中可以用引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句中可以用shallshall或或w

7、illwill表表“意愿意愿”，但不表示時(shí)態(tài)。，但不表示時(shí)態(tài)。2 2）倒裝句（由）倒裝句（由herehere，therethere開頭的句子，動(dòng)詞用一般開頭的句子，動(dòng)詞用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作）現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作） Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming.Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming. There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing.There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing.考點(diǎn)三：下列動(dòng)詞：考點(diǎn)三：下列

8、動(dòng)詞：come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, returncome, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return，open , closeopen , close的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來。的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來。這主要用來表示在這主要用來表示在時(shí)間上已確定或安排好的事情。時(shí)間上已確定或安排好的事情。8現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)進(jìn)行時(shí)The house is _these days. The little boy is always making trouble. 考點(diǎn)一：考點(diǎn)一：與頻率副詞，如與頻率副詞，如always，constantly，

9、continually等連用表示說話人的某種感情色彩（贊等連用表示說話人的某種感情色彩（贊嘆、厭煩、埋怨等）。嘆、厭煩、埋怨等）。He is always thinking of his work (贊許贊許)他老是把東西亂扔。他老是把東西亂扔。He is constantly leaving his things about.（不滿）（不滿） 他老愛說大話。他老愛說大話。He is always boasting (厭煩厭煩)being built9考點(diǎn)二：表示在最近按計(jì)劃或安排要進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作考點(diǎn)二：表示在最近按計(jì)劃或安排要進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作 , ,僅限于少量動(dòng)詞：僅限于少量動(dòng)詞：go, come ,

10、leave , start , arrive , go, come ,leave , start , arrive , return , stay , do, have, see sb off return , stay , do, have, see sb off Are you stayingAre you staying here till next week? here till next week?工作進(jìn)行的怎么樣？工作進(jìn)行的怎么樣？工作進(jìn)行的相當(dāng)順利。工作進(jìn)行的相當(dāng)順利。你進(jìn)步很快。你進(jìn)步很快。我們想在這里建一座水壩。我們想在這里建一座水壩。風(fēng)挺大風(fēng)挺大有人找你接電話。有人找你接電

11、話。How are you getting on with your work?How are you getting on with your work?The work is going fairly smoothly.The work is going fairly smoothly.YouYoure making rapid progress.re making rapid progress.WeWere thinking of building a dam here.re thinking of building a dam here.It Its blowing hard.s bl

12、owing hard.Someone is asking for you on the phone.Someone is asking for you on the phone.10注意：下面四類動(dòng)詞不宜用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。注意：下面四類動(dòng)詞不宜用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。（A A）表示心理狀態(tài)、情感的動(dòng)作：）表示心理狀態(tài)、情感的動(dòng)作：like, love, hate, care, remember, believe, want, mind, wish, like, love, hate, care, remember, believe, want, mind, wish, agree, mean, needag

13、ree, mean, need。（B B）表存在的狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞：）表存在的狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞：appear, exist, lie, remain, seemappear, exist, lie, remain, seem， belong tobelong to，depend ondepend on。（C C）表示一時(shí)性動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞：）表示一時(shí)性動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞：allow, accept, permit, promise, admit, completeallow, accept, permit, promise, admit, complete。（D D）表示感官的動(dòng)詞：）表示感官的動(dòng)詞：see, hear

14、, notice, feel, smell, sound, taste, looksee, hear, notice, feel, smell, sound, taste, look。11考點(diǎn)一：考點(diǎn)一：for + for + 時(shí)間段；時(shí)間段；since + since + 時(shí)間點(diǎn)時(shí)間點(diǎn) They have lived in Beijing for five years. They have lived in Beijing for five years. They have lived in Beijing since 1995. They have lived in Beijing sin

15、ce 1995. 現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)完成時(shí)考點(diǎn)二：常見的不確定的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：考點(diǎn)二：常見的不確定的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：lately; recently, just, already, yet, ever, never, up to now; till lately; recently, just, already, yet, ever, never, up to now; till now; so far, these days, once, twice, three timesnow; so far, these days, once, twice, three times Has it stopped r

16、aining yet ? Has it stopped raining yet ? 考點(diǎn)三：在表示考點(diǎn)三：在表示“最近幾世紀(jì)最近幾世紀(jì)/ / 年年/ / 月以來月以來”時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。 in/ over / during the past few years/months/weeks/daysin/ over / during the past few years/months/weeks/days； for the last few centuries, through for the last few centuries, through

17、 centuries; throughout history centuries; throughout history 等等 12考點(diǎn)四：用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的句型考點(diǎn)四：用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的句型It is the first time that I have visited the city.It is the first time that I have visited the city.It was the third time that the boy had been late.It was the third time that the boy had been late.1 1） Thi

18、s/That / It is the first / second timeThis/That / It is the first / second time. that. that結(jié)構(gòu)中的從句部分，用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。結(jié)構(gòu)中的從句部分，用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。這是我看過的最好的電影。這是我看過的最好的電影。This is the best film that Ive (ever) seen. This is the best film that Ive (ever) seen. 2 2） This/That / It is the best (worst, most interesting, only )

19、+This/That / It is the best (worst, most interesting, only ) +名詞名詞 thatthat” 后面跟現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。后面跟現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。 13sincesince的四種用法的四種用法since +since +過去一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)過去一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)( (如具體的年、月、日期、鐘點(diǎn)、如具體的年、月、日期、鐘點(diǎn)、1980, last month, half past six)1980, last month, half past six)。 I have been here since 1989.I have been here since 1989.

20、2) since +2) since +一段時(shí)間一段時(shí)間+ ago+ agoI have been here since five months ago.I have been here since five months ago.3) since +3) since +從句從句Great changes have taken place since you left.Great changes have taken place since you left. 4) It is +4) It is +一段時(shí)間一段時(shí)間+ since+ since從句從句It is two years since

21、 I became a postgraduate student.It is two years since I became a postgraduate student.14have /has been 表示曾到過某地（現(xiàn)在回來了）表示曾到過某地（現(xiàn)在回來了）have /has gone表示已經(jīng)到某地去了（現(xiàn)在不在說話處）表示已經(jīng)到某地去了（現(xiàn)在不在說話處）他去過北京。他去過北京。他到北京去了。他到北京去了。He has been to Beijing.He has gone to Beijing.15典型例題典型例題(1) -Do you know our town at all?(1)

22、 -Do you know our town at all? -No, this is the first time I _ here.-No, this is the first time I _ here.A. wasA. was B. have beenB. have been C. cameC. came D. am coming D. am coming (2) -Have you _ been to our town before? (2) -Have you _ been to our town before? -No, it-No, its the first time I _

23、 here.s the first time I _ here.A. even, comeA. even, come B. even, have comeB. even, have comeC. ever, comeC. ever, come D. ever, have comeD. ever, have comeB.B.D D注意：注意：非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的否定形式非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的否定形式可以與表示延續(xù)時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。即動(dòng)作不發(fā)生的狀態(tài)是可以持可以與表示延續(xù)時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。即動(dòng)作不發(fā)生的狀態(tài)是可以持續(xù)的。續(xù)的。（錯(cuò)）（錯(cuò)）I have received his letter for a month.

24、I have received his letter for a month.（對(duì)）（對(duì)）I havent received his letter for almost a monthI havent received his letter for almost a month16典型例題典型例題1. You don1. You dont need to describe her. I _ her several times.t need to describe her. I _ her several times.A. had metA. had metB. have metB. have

25、met C. metC. metD. meetD. meet 答案答案B. B. 首先本題后句強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，我知道她的模樣，你不用描述。再次，首先本題后句強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，我知道她的模樣，你不用描述。再次，several timesseveral times告告知為反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，因此用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。知為反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，因此用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。2.-I2.-Im sorry to keep you waiting.m sorry to keep you waiting.-Oh, not at all. I _ here only a few minutes.-Oh, not at all. I _

26、 here only a few minutes.A. have beenA. have been B. had beenB. had been C. wasC. wasD. will beD. will be 答案答案A. A. 等待的動(dòng)作由過去開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。等待的動(dòng)作由過去開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。 17一般一般過去過去時(shí)時(shí)過去過去進(jìn)行時(shí)進(jìn)行時(shí)過去過去完成時(shí)完成時(shí)過去過去18He told me he _an interesting novel He told me he _an interesting novel last nightlast night .

27、. 如果從句中有一個(gè)過去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，盡管從句中的動(dòng)作先于主句發(fā)生，但從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過去如果從句中有一個(gè)過去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，盡管從句中的動(dòng)作先于主句發(fā)生，但從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過去式。式。一般過去時(shí)的考點(diǎn)分析（考核重點(diǎn)）。一般過去時(shí)的考點(diǎn)分析（考核重點(diǎn)）。表示過去的事情、動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)常與表示過去具體的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用（表示過去的事情、動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)常與表示過去具體的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用（或有上下文語(yǔ)境暗示或有上下文語(yǔ)境暗示）；用于）；用于表表達(dá)過去的習(xí)慣；表示說話人原來沒有料到、想到或希望的事達(dá)過去的習(xí)慣；表示說話人原來沒有料到、想到或希望的事 I met her in the street yesterday.I

28、 met her in the street yesterday. He used to smoke a lot. He used to smoke a lot. I thought the film would be interesting, but it I thought the film would be interesting, but it isnisnt t. .readread19Tom has written a letter to his parents last night.Tom has written a letter to his parents last nigh

29、t. Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night. Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night. 句子中如句子中如有過去時(shí)的時(shí)間副詞有過去時(shí)的時(shí)間副詞（如（如 yesterday, last, week, in 1960yesterday, last, week, in 1960）時(shí)，不能使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，要用過）時(shí)，不能使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，要用過去時(shí)。去時(shí)。表示兩個(gè)緊接著發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，常由以下詞語(yǔ)連接，表示兩個(gè)緊接著發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，常由以下詞語(yǔ)連接，如如but, and, when, as soon as, im

30、mediately, the momentbut, and, when, as soon as, immediately, the moment The moment she came in, she told me what had happened The moment she came in, she told me what had happened to her.to her. He bought a watch but lost it. He bought a watch but lost it.（錯(cuò)）（錯(cuò)）（對(duì)）（對(duì)）20The radio _when you called me

31、. -what were you doing this time yesterday?-what were you doing this time yesterday?-W e _in the lab.-W e _in the lab.過去過去進(jìn)行時(shí)進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)或某段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)或某段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。 The boy was doing his homework when his father came back from work. What were you doing at nine last night? was being repaire

32、dwere workingwere working21過去完成時(shí)考點(diǎn)分析（考核重點(diǎn)）過去完成時(shí)考點(diǎn)分析（考核重點(diǎn)）句中有明顯的參照動(dòng)作或時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，句中有明顯的參照動(dòng)作或時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，這種時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)從來不孤立使用 (by、by the end、by the time、until、before、since后接表示過去某一時(shí)間的短語(yǔ)或從句以前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。E.G : By the end of last year, we had produced 20,000 cars. E.G : By the end of last year, we had produced 20,000 cars. The trai

33、n had left before we reached the station.The train had left before we reached the station. It was three years since we had been there. It was three years since we had been there.考點(diǎn)一：表示考點(diǎn)一：表示“一一就就”的幾個(gè)句型：的幾個(gè)句型： Hardly / Scarcely / No sooner had + Hardly / Scarcely / No sooner had + 主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ) + + 過去分詞過去分詞 +

34、 when / before/ than + + when / before/ than + 一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí)We had no sooner been seated than the bus started. = No sooner We had no sooner been seated than the bus started. = No sooner had wehad we been seated than the bus been seated than the bus started.started.（注意主謂倒裝）（注意主謂倒裝） 22考點(diǎn)二：表示考點(diǎn)二：表示“第幾次做某事

35、第幾次做某事”，主句用過去時(shí)，主句用過去時(shí)，從句用過去完成時(shí)。從句用過去完成時(shí)。 That was the second time that she had seen her grandfather. That was the second time that she had seen her grandfather. It was 3 years since we had partedIt was 3 years since we had parted。 考點(diǎn)三：表示考點(diǎn)三：表示未曾未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的希望、打算、意圖、諾言等。常用實(shí)現(xiàn)的希望、打算、意圖、諾言等。常用had hoped / plann

36、ed / meant / had hoped / planned / meant / intended/ thought / wanted / expectedintended/ thought / wanted / expected等或用上述動(dòng)詞過去式接不定式完成式表示即：等或用上述動(dòng)詞過去式接不定式完成式表示即：hoped / hoped / planned planned + to have done + to have done。I had hoped that I could do the job. I had hoped that I could do the job. I had

37、 intended to see you but I I had intended to see you but I was was too busy. too busy. 23典型例題：典型例題：The students _ busily when Miss Brown went to get a book that she _ in the office.A. had written, leftB. were writing, has left C. had written, had left D.were writing, had left考點(diǎn)四：考點(diǎn)四：“時(shí)間名詞時(shí)間名詞 + befo

38、re+ before”在句子中作狀語(yǔ)，用于間接引語(yǔ)中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過去完成時(shí)；在句子中作狀語(yǔ)，用于間接引語(yǔ)中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過去完成時(shí)；“時(shí)間名詞時(shí)間名詞 + ago+ ago”在句中作狀語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用一般過去式。在句中作狀語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用一般過去式。He said his parents had died ten years before. He said his parents had died ten years before. Xiao Hua left school 3 years ago. Xiao Hua left school 3 years ago. D24一般一般將來將來時(shí)時(shí)將來將來進(jìn)

39、行時(shí)進(jìn)行時(shí)將來將來完成時(shí)完成時(shí)將來將來25一般將來時(shí)考點(diǎn)分析一般將來時(shí)考點(diǎn)分析 表示一種趨向或習(xí)慣動(dòng)作。表示一種趨向或習(xí)慣動(dòng)作。 Well die without air or water. be going to與與will / shall, be to do, be about to do用法及區(qū)別：用法及區(qū)別： be going to 表示現(xiàn)在打算在最近或?qū)硪瞿呈拢@種打算往往經(jīng)過事先考慮，甚至已做了某種表示現(xiàn)在打算在最近或?qū)硪瞿呈?，這種打算往往經(jīng)過事先考慮，甚至已做了某種準(zhǔn)備；準(zhǔn)備； shall / will do表示未事先考慮過，即說話時(shí)臨時(shí)作出的決定。表示未事先考慮過，即說

40、話時(shí)臨時(shí)作出的決定。(正確正確)(錯(cuò)誤錯(cuò)誤)If it is fine, well go fishing.If it is fine, we are going to go fishing.注意：注意：be going to 表將來，不能用在條件狀語(yǔ)從句的主句中；而表將來，不能用在條件狀語(yǔ)從句的主句中；而will則能則能26：“祈使句祈使句 + and/or + 句子句子”，這種結(jié)構(gòu)中，這種結(jié)構(gòu)中and后面的句子謂語(yǔ)用一般將來時(shí)。后面的句子謂語(yǔ)用一般將來時(shí)。 Use your head and you will find a way. be to do sth. 表按計(jì)劃、安排即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作表

41、按計(jì)劃、安排即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作/不可避免地將要發(fā)生的事，命中注定的事。不可避免地將要發(fā)生的事，命中注定的事。A meeting is to be held at 3:00 oclock tomorrow.be about to do sth. 表示表示“正打算正打算,就要就要” Autumn harvest is about to start.將來將來進(jìn)行時(shí)進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來某個(gè)時(shí)間正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，或按計(jì)劃一定會(huì)發(fā)生的事情。表將來某個(gè)時(shí)間正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，或按計(jì)劃一定會(huì)發(fā)生的事情。 明天這會(huì)我正在寫作業(yè)。明天這會(huì)我正在寫作業(yè)。Ill be doing my homework this time tomor

42、row. 27將來完成時(shí)將來完成時(shí) 表在將來某時(shí)刻之前已完成的事情，時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)非常明顯。表在將來某時(shí)刻之前已完成的事情，時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)非常明顯。 考點(diǎn)一：常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)一般用考點(diǎn)一：常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)一般用by+by+將來的時(shí)間。將來的時(shí)間。By the end of next month, he will have traveled 1000 miles on foot. By the end of next month, he will have traveled 1000 miles on foot. By the time you reach the station, the trainBy th

43、e time you reach the station, the train. . will have leftwill have left考點(diǎn)二：在時(shí)間和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，將來完成時(shí)則由現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示?？键c(diǎn)二：在時(shí)間和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，將來完成時(shí)則由現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示。 The children will do their homework the moment they have arrived back from school. The children will do their homework the moment they have arrived back from school.

44、28一般過去時(shí)和過去完成的用法區(qū)別1.一般過去時(shí)是對(duì)現(xiàn)在說話時(shí)刻而言的,過去完成時(shí)則是對(duì)過去某一時(shí)刻而言.兩種時(shí)態(tài)建立的時(shí)間參照點(diǎn)不同,對(duì)過去完成時(shí)來說,這一個(gè)時(shí)間參照點(diǎn)十分重要,它是過去完成概念賴以建立的基礎(chǔ),也是和一般過去時(shí)相區(qū)別的重要標(biāo)準(zhǔn).2.過去完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)常用by和before引導(dǎo)的短語(yǔ)表示,如by that time ,by the end of .,before 2000,by the time +句子等.29過去完成時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的區(qū)別1.兩種時(shí)態(tài)都常與一段時(shí)間和狀語(yǔ)連用,但現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示的是延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在或同現(xiàn)在有關(guān)的動(dòng)作(句中不可有表示過去特定時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)),而過去完成時(shí)表示

45、的是在過去某時(shí)之前已經(jīng)完成或延續(xù)到過去某時(shí)的動(dòng)作(句中有表示過去特定時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)).2.比較下面的說法 She had been ill for a week before she came back. 她在回來之前就生病一個(gè)星期了. (回來發(fā)生在過去某一時(shí)間,發(fā)病發(fā)生在過去的過去) She has been ill for a week. 她生病一個(gè)星期了.(現(xiàn)在仍在生病)30主動(dòng)主動(dòng)被動(dòng)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)31考點(diǎn)一：不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的動(dòng)詞和詞組考點(diǎn)一：不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的動(dòng)詞和詞組 come true, consist of, take place, happen, become, rise, oc

46、cur, belong to , break out, appear, arrive, die, fall, last, exist, fail, succeedIt took place before liberation. It took place before liberation. 考點(diǎn)二：下列動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示被動(dòng)意義考點(diǎn)二：下列動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示被動(dòng)意義, , 而且常與而且常與well, quite, easily, badlywell, quite, easily, badly等副詞連用。等副詞連用。lock ( lock ( 鎖鎖 ) ; wash ( ) ; wash (

47、洗洗 ); sell ( ); sell ( 賣賣 ); read ( ); read ( 讀讀 ); wear ( ); wear ( 穿穿 ); write ( ); write ( 寫寫 ) )；break (break (破碎破碎) ) Glass breaks easily. Glass breaks easily. 玻璃容易破碎。玻璃容易破碎。The door wonThe door wont lock.t lock.門鎖不上。門鎖不上。The book sells well. The book sells well. 這本書很暢銷。這本書很暢銷。32當(dāng)當(dāng)feel,look,sme

48、ll,taste,soundfeel,look,smell,taste,sound等后面接形容詞時(shí)；用主動(dòng)表示被動(dòng)含義等后面接形容詞時(shí)；用主動(dòng)表示被動(dòng)含義 want, require, needwant, require, need后面的動(dòng)名詞用主動(dòng)表示被動(dòng)含義。后面的動(dòng)名詞用主動(dòng)表示被動(dòng)含義。 be worth doingbe worth doing用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義。用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義。 在在“be + be + 形容詞形容詞 + to do+ to do”中，不定式的邏輯賓語(yǔ)是句子的主語(yǔ)，用主動(dòng)代被動(dòng)。中，不定式的邏輯賓語(yǔ)是句子的主語(yǔ)，用主動(dòng)代被動(dòng)。 This kind of w

49、ater isnThis kind of water isnt fit to drink.t fit to drink. The girl isnThe girl isnt easy to_.t easy to_.get along withget along with另外：另外：be to blame(be to blame(受譴責(zé)受譴責(zé)) )，be to rent/letbe to rent/let（出租）也用主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)。（出租）也用主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)。33考點(diǎn)三：一些常用經(jīng)典被動(dòng)句型：考點(diǎn)三：一些常用經(jīng)典被動(dòng)句型：It is saidIt is said, It is reported,

50、 It is reported, It is widely believed, It is widely believed， It is expectedIt is expected, It is estimated, It is estimated, ,這些句子一般翻譯為這些句子一般翻譯為“據(jù)說據(jù)說”，“人們認(rèn)為人們認(rèn)為”，而而 “以前人們認(rèn)為以前人們認(rèn)為” 則應(yīng)該說：則應(yīng)該說：It was believedIt was believed, It was thought, It was thought4 4）被動(dòng)形式表示主動(dòng)意義的幾種情況。）被動(dòng)形式表示主動(dòng)意義的幾種情況。 be seate

51、dbe seated坐著坐著 He is seated on a bench.He is seated on a bench.（He seats himself on a bench.He seats himself on a bench.） be hiddenbe hidden躲藏躲藏 He was hidden behind the door.He was hidden behind the door. (He hid himself behind the door.) (He hid himself behind the door.)他藏在門后。他藏在門后。 be lostbe lost

52、迷路迷路 be drunkbe drunk喝醉喝醉 be dressedbe dressed穿著穿著 The girl was dressed in a red short skirt.The girl was dressed in a red short skirt.34高考時(shí)態(tài)題精練高考時(shí)態(tài)題精練 1. - 1. - my glasses? my glasses? -Yes , I saw them on your bed a minute ago. -Yes , I saw them on your bed a minute ago. A. Do you see B.Had you se

53、en A. Do you see B.Had you seen C. Would you see D. Have you seen C. Would you see D. Have you seen 2.Helen 2.Helen her keys in the office so she had to wait her keys in the office so she had to wait until her husband until her husband home.home. A. Has left/comes B.left/had come A. Has left/comes B

54、.left/had come C. had left/came D.had left /would come. C. had left/came D.had left /would come.353.- Can I help you ,sir? -Yes ,I bought this radio here yesterday ,but it _didnt work B.wont work C. cant work D.doesnt work4. I first met Lisa three years ago .She at a radio shop at the time. A, has w

55、orked B.was working C. had been working D.had worked365.Who is Jerry Cooper? 5.Who is Jerry Cooper? ? I saw you shaking hands with him at the meeting.? I saw you shaking hands with him at the meeting.A.DonA.Dont you meet him yet B.Hadnt you meet him yet B.Hadnt you met him yet t you met him yet C. D

56、idnC. Didnt you meet him yet D.Havent you meet him yet D.Havent you met him yett you met him yet6. Shirley 6. Shirley a book about China last year but I don a book about China last year but I dont know whether she has finished it.t know whether she has finished it.A .has written B.wrote C.had writte

57、n D.was writingA .has written B.wrote C.had written D.was writing7.-Hi ,Tracy .You look tired.7.-Hi ,Tracy .You look tired. -I am tired . I -I am tired . I the living room all day.the living room all day.painted B.had painted painted B.had painted C.have been painting D.have paintedC.have been paint

58、ing D.have painted377. The price7. The price , but I doubt whether it will remain so. , but I doubt whether it will remain so.went down B.will go down went down B.will go down C.has gone down D. was going downC.has gone down D. was going down8.I 8.I ping_pong quite well ,but I havenping_pong quite w

59、ell ,but I havent had time to t had time to play since the new year.play since the new year.Will play B. have played C. played D. playWill play B. have played C. played D. play9. -Nancy is not coming tonight.9. -Nancy is not coming tonight. -But she -But she . . A. promise B. promised A. promise B.

60、promised C. will promised D. had promisedC. will promised D. had promised3810. -Alice , why didn10. -Alice , why didnt you come yesterday ?t you come yesterday ? -I -I , but I had an unexpected visitor., but I had an unexpected visitor. A. had B.would C. was going to D. did A. had B.would C. was going to D.