非謂語動(dòng)詞-學(xué)案

1、專題五非謂語動(dòng)詞考點(diǎn)一非謂語動(dòng)詞的形式和意義非謂語動(dòng)詞主動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)意義不定式（充當(dāng)？成分）一般式不定式的動(dòng)作與句中謂語動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生或在其后發(fā)生。進(jìn)行式不定式的動(dòng)作與句中謂語動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生完成式不定式的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在句中謂語動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作之前現(xiàn)在分詞/動(dòng)名詞（充當(dāng)？成分）一般式其表示的動(dòng)作與句中謂語動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，或基本上同時(shí)發(fā)生完成式其表示的動(dòng)作先于句中謂語動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作發(fā)生過去分詞（充當(dāng)？成分）與句中主語為邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系，表完成考點(diǎn)二非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語1不定式作狀語(1)作目的狀語。_(keep) themselves awake they sat on the floor and t

2、old each other stories. (2)作結(jié)果狀語，表示出乎意料的結(jié)果,通常加一個(gè)only。We hurried to the station，_(tell)that the train had left. (3)作原因狀語形容詞或過去分詞作表語時(shí)，后面可接不定式作原因狀語。常見詞有：happy，lucky，sorry，proud，disappointed，surprised，ready，delighted，clever，foolish，pleased等。_(作為中國青年我們感到自豪。)在“主語系動(dòng)詞表語(形容詞)to do”結(jié)構(gòu)中，不定式的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。該結(jié)構(gòu)中常用的形

3、容詞有：easy，difficult，important，interesting，pleasant，comfortable，dangerous等。_這把椅子坐上去很舒服。2分詞作狀語(表時(shí)間、原因、條件、結(jié)果、方式或伴隨、讓步等)(1)作狀語的分詞要求其邏輯主語與句子的主語保持一致。_(satisfy) with what he did，the teacher praised him in class.One evening Harry phoned me, _(ask) me to come to his flat as soon as possible. (2)若現(xiàn)在分詞的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)

4、詞所表示的動(dòng)作之前，則用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成形式(having done)。_( clean) the desks ，we began reading. (3)若與句中主語為邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，且先于謂語動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作發(fā)生，用現(xiàn)在分詞完成式的被動(dòng)形式(having been done)。_( show) the classrooms，we were taken to see the library. (4)如句子的主語是分詞動(dòng)作的承受者，則要用過去分詞(done)。_(See) from the top of the mountain，the city is very beautiful. (5)如句子的主

5、語是分詞動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者，就用現(xiàn)在分詞形式(doing)。_(See)from the top of the hill，we find the park even more beautiful.高考鏈接 1. Clearly and thoughtfully_ (write), the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers.2.I hope to take the computer course.Good idea._ (find) more about it, visit this webs

6、ite.3._ (spend) nearly all our money, we couldnt afford to stay at a hotel.4.You will never know how happy I was _( see) her yesterday.5._(succeed), one must first of all believe in himself.6. _( live) in New York for years, I know each part of it very well.7._( ignore) for a long time, the boy sitt

7、ing at the back felt bored and went out.8. _ (disappoint) at what he did, John complained to the manager.考點(diǎn)三非謂語動(dòng)詞作賓語1下列動(dòng)詞只能用不定式作賓語，請牢記下面的口訣決心學(xué)會(huì)想希望，拒絕設(shè)法愿假裝。主動(dòng)答應(yīng)選計(jì)劃，同意請求幫一幫。decide/determine，learn，want，expect/hope/wish; refuse，manage，care，pretend; offer，promise，choose，plan; agree，ask/beg，help。此外，afford

8、，strive，happen，wait，threaten等也要用不定式作賓語。2下列動(dòng)詞或詞組只能用動(dòng)名詞作賓語，請牢記下面的口訣考慮建議盼原諒，承認(rèn)推遲沒得想。避免錯(cuò)過繼續(xù)練，否認(rèn)完成就欣賞。禁止想象才冒險(xiǎn)，不禁介意準(zhǔn)逃亡。consider，suggest/advise，look forward to，excuse/pardon; admit，delay/put off，fancy (想象，設(shè)想); avoid，miss，keep/keep on，practice; deny，finish，enjoy/appreciate; forbid，imagine，risk; can't he

9、lp (禁不住)，mind，allow/permit，escape。3下列短語和動(dòng)詞詞組后也要用動(dòng)名詞作賓語be used/accustomed to，lead to，devote to，stick to，object to，get down to，pay attention to，can't stand (無法忍受)，give up，feel like，insist on，be busy (in)，have difficulty/trouble (in)，have a good/wonderful/hard time (in)，spend time (in)，look forward

10、 to等短語和動(dòng)詞詞組后也要用動(dòng)名詞作賓語。4下列動(dòng)詞或詞組既可以跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語，也可以跟不定式作賓語，但意義上有區(qū)別，要特別注意(見<<新動(dòng)力>> P 227)5.it 做形式賓語。I think _ our duty to protect the environment.6. want, need, require,做需要，deserve 值得翻譯：1.當(dāng)我經(jīng)過時(shí)，她假裝沒看見我。_2.我本無意傷害你。_3.做早操意味著早起床。_4. 他已經(jīng)習(xí)慣了住在這個(gè)小鄉(xiāng)村。_5.我們期待著來中國。_6.這些花需要澆水。_考點(diǎn)四非謂語動(dòng)詞作賓補(bǔ)1 感官動(dòng)詞(詞組)see，wat

11、ch，observe，look at，notice，hear，listen to，feel的賓語補(bǔ)足語有四種形式2使役動(dòng)詞make，let，have，get, leave, keep, find后加復(fù)合賓語的情況鞏固練習(xí)1)I saw him _(leave) a few minutes ago.2)To learn English well，we should find opportunities to hear English_(speak) as much as possible.3)The teacher raised his voice in order to make himsel

12、f_ (hear).4)Let those in need_( understand) that we will go all out to help them.5)He had the fire_ (burn) all night.6)He tried to get his work_ (recognize) in the medical circles.7)Please keep me _(inform) of your progress.考點(diǎn)五非謂語動(dòng)詞作定語1現(xiàn)在分詞(短語)作定語與所修飾的名詞之間存在著邏輯上的主動(dòng)關(guān)系，表示該動(dòng)作的主動(dòng)和進(jìn)行。1) A young teacher _

13、(teach) English came to apply for the position.2) Theres a note pinned to the door_ (say) when the shop will open again.2過去分詞(短語)作定語與它所修飾的名詞在邏輯上有被動(dòng)關(guān)系，表示該動(dòng)作的被動(dòng)和完成。1) Tsinghua University，_(found) in 1911，is home to a great number of outstanding figures.2) The producer comes regularly to collect the ca

14、meras_ (return) to our shop for quality problems.3不定式作定語表示未做的事情。1) The question_(discuss)at the meeting tomorrow is very important.2) There are still many problems _ (solve) before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.考點(diǎn)六非謂語動(dòng)詞作主語和表語1不定式、動(dòng)名詞都可作主語，但動(dòng)名詞作主語多指抽象的、概念性的動(dòng)作，可以是多次的、經(jīng)常的行為；不定式多表示具體的動(dòng)作，尤其是某一

15、次的動(dòng)作。_(Eat) too much chocolate is bad for your teeth._( complete) that building in ten months was a great achievement.2動(dòng)名詞作表語時(shí)，說明主語的性質(zhì)或特征；不定式作表語時(shí)，說明主語尚未發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，或表示將來的動(dòng)作。Our job is _(play) all kinds of music.His ambition is _(go) to Harvard University.他的夢想就是上哈佛大學(xué)。3下列句型中常用動(dòng)名詞作主語：考點(diǎn)七with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)翻譯：1.由于物價(jià)上漲很快

16、，我們買不起高檔商品。2.自行車被偷，她只好步行回家。3.有那么多工作要做，我不能和你一起去游泳。4.那么多人看著他，他感到很緊張。5.問題解決了，質(zhì)量也提高了。針 對(duì) 訓(xùn) 練2016高考真題.1._(make) it easier to get in touch with us, youd better keep this card at hand.2._(order)over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now.3.Newly-_(built) wooden cottages line the street,

17、_(turn)the old town into a dreamland.4.The cooling wind swept through our bedroom windows,_(make)air conditioning unnecessary.5. To return to the problem of water pollution, Id like you to look at a study _(conduct) in Australia in 2012.6. I had as much fun sailing the seas as I now do _(work) with

18、students.7. In art criticism, you must assume the artist has a secret message_(hide)with the world. 8. I was the first TV reporter _(permit)to film a special unit.9. You are less likely _(bring) your work home.10. Skilled workers combine various hardwoods and met_(create)special design.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1(

19、2015·北京)_ (catch)the early flight，we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early.2(2015·重慶)Like ancient sailors，birds can find their way _ (use)the sun and the stars.3(2015·重慶)_ (raise) in the poorest area of Glasgow，he had a long，hard road to becoming a football star.4(2015·

20、陜西)After receiving the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress，Anne Benedict went on _ (thank) all the people who had helped in her career.5(2015·湖南)When the clerk saw a kind face wrinkled in an apologetic smile，she stood rooted to the ground，_ (wonder) whether to stay or leave.6Keep _ (hold)your pos

21、ition for a while. It helps develop your strength and flexibility.7One morning，I was waiting at the bus stop，worried about _ (be)late for school.8I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver，but he refused _ (stop)until we reached the next stop.9It took years of work _ (reduce)the industrial

22、 pollution and clean the water.10I got to the office earlier that day，_ (catch) the 7：30 train from Paddington.單句改錯(cuò)1(2015·新課標(biāo)全國)After looks at the toy for some time，he turned around and found his parents were missing.2(2015·浙江)The position of the classroom with its view made me felt like I

23、 was dreaming.3(2015·陜西)My favorite picture at the party is of my coach and me enjoy the biscuits with happy laughter!4(2015·四川)It's been a month since I came to this new school and I really want share with you some of the problems I have been experiencing.5(2014·遼寧)It is difficul

24、t to understanding why she barks every minute she's outside.6(2014·陜西)He wanted teach me about animals，insects and trees.7(2014·陜西)One evening at sunset，we sat by the fire，have our barbecue.8With the help of Katia，a roommate of mine，I've soon got used to live without my parents aro

25、und.9Classes teaching in English provide students with a better environment.10Dear passengers，please remain seating until the bus totally stops.語篇填空Buying books on the Internet is a great way _1_(save) time and money. Online bookstores offer new books and _2_(use) books that can save you a lot of mo

26、ney. What's more，they are far better _3_(compare) to traditional bookstores as they offer much broader kinds of books. You can either click the kind of ebooks online or type the book title and get it in seconds. Another advantage of _4_(shop) online is that you can also read the book reviews as

27、well as readers' reviews to get an idea whether the book is worth _5_(buy). Online bookstores offer great discounts，which is a big attraction for book lovers.For book lovers，it is most important _6_(get) books in time. Therefore，you need to find a reliable online bookstore that will be able to p

28、rovide fast deliveries.Here are some tips to use when _7_(select) an online bookstore. Some online bookstores are popular for fiction books; some are for nonfiction books or novels，etc._8_(understand) their specialization will help you to get the right kinds of books in time. Check whether you will

29、be buying the books from a thirdparty seller or directly from the websites. Never _9_(jump) at stores that offer super cheap prices，as books_10_(sell) at such low price could be in very bad condition.語法填空A Thanksgiving Day story in the newspaper told of a school teacher who asked her class of first graders to draw a picture of something