(完整版)小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法解析練習(xí)答案

1、名詞復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則1一般情況下，直接加 -s ，如： book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds 2以 s. x. sh. ch結(jié)尾，加 -es ，如： bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches3以“輔音字母 y ”結(jié)尾，變 y 為 i, 再加 -es ， 如： family-families, strawberry-strawberries 4以“ f 或 fe ”結(jié)尾，變 f 或 fe 為 v, 再加 -es ， 如： knife-knivesleaf leaves5不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù)：man-men,

2、 woman-women, child-children ；foot-feet； tooth-teeth ; goose-geesefish-fish, people-people, sheep-sheep deer-deer Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese Englishman-Englishmen, Frenchman-Frenchmen 寫出下列各詞的復(fù)數(shù)I him this her watch child photo day foot book dress toothsheep box tea strawberry diary ricethief

3、you peach man woman paperjuicemilk sandwich waterthesewe them them watches childrenphotosdaysfeet books dressesteethsheep boxes diaries strawberriesthievesyoumenpeaches womensandwiches一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的功能 :1. 表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。 如： The sky is blue. 天空是藍(lán)色的。2. 表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。 如： I get up at six every day.我天天六點(diǎn)起床。3.

4、 表示客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)。如： The earth goes around the sun.地球繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。1. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成 :1. be 動(dòng)詞：主語(yǔ) + be (am, is, are) + 其它。 如： I am a boy. 我是一個(gè)男孩。2. 行為動(dòng)詞：主語(yǔ) + 行為動(dòng)詞 + 其它。 如： We study English. 我們學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù) (he, she, it) 時(shí)，要在動(dòng)詞后加“ -s ”或“ -es 如： Mary likes Chinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語(yǔ)。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的變化1. be 動(dòng)詞的變化： 否定句：主語(yǔ) + be not + 其它。如： He is n

5、ot a worker. 他不是工人。 一般疑問句： Be + 主語(yǔ) + 其它 ?如： - Are you a student?- Yes. I am. / No, I'm not. 一般疑問句必須用 yes/no 回答，答句的主語(yǔ)必須是代詞。特殊疑問句：疑問詞 + 一般疑問句 ? 如： - Where is my bike?- It' s there, under the tree.2. 行為動(dòng)詞的變化： 否定句：主語(yǔ) + don t (doesn 't) + 動(dòng)詞原形 + 其它。 如： I don't like bread.當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)，用 does

6、n t 構(gòu)成否定句 如： He doesn't often play. 一般疑問句： Do (Does) + 主語(yǔ) + 動(dòng)詞原形 + 其它？ 如： - Do you often play football?- Yes, I do. / No, I don't.當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)，要用 does 構(gòu)成一般疑問句 如： - Does she go to work by bike?- Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't. 特殊疑問句：疑問詞 + 一般疑問句？ 如： - How do you go to school?- I go to scho

7、ol on foot.動(dòng)詞 單數(shù)第三人稱(簡(jiǎn)稱：?jiǎn)稳?的變化規(guī)則 :1 一般情況下，直接加 s如： cook-cooks, milk-milks2 以 s, x, sh, ch, o結(jié)尾，加 es如： guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes3 以“輔音字母 y ”結(jié)尾，變 y 為 i, 再加 es 如： study-studies一、寫出下列動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)drink go stay make look have pass carry 二、用括號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. He often (have) dinner at hom

8、e.2. Daniel and Tommy (be) in Class One.3. We (not watch) TV on Monday.4. Nick (not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. they (like) the World Cup?6. your parents (read) newspapersevery day?7. The girl (teach) us English on Sundays.8. She and I (take) a walk together everyevening.Drinks goes stays makes look

9、s has passescarries has are dont watchdoesn ' tgo Do like Do read teaches take三、按照要求改寫句子Daniel watches TV every evening.（改為否定句 ）I do my homework every day.（改為一般疑問句，作否定回答 ）改為否定句 ）She likes milk.（ 改為一般疑問句，作肯定回答 ）4. We go to school every morning.（Daniel doesn ' t watch TV every evening.Do you d

10、o your homework every day?No, I don ' t.Does she like milk?Yes, she does.We don ' t go to school every morning. 幻燈片 12五、改錯(cuò) （ 劃出錯(cuò)誤的地方，將正確的寫在橫線上）1. Isyour brother speak English?2. Does he likes going fishing?3. He likes play games after class.4. Mr. Wu teachs us English.5. She don ' t do h

11、er homework on Sundays.Does likeplaying / to playteachesdoesn ' t現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)1、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)用法 : 現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作， 當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的活動(dòng)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。2、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的肯定句： be +V-ing.3、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的否定句： be + not 。4、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的一般疑問句： be 句首。5、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的特殊疑問句：疑問詞 +be 動(dòng)詞 +主語(yǔ) +doing+ 其它？ 疑問詞當(dāng)主語(yǔ)時(shí)其結(jié)構(gòu)為：疑問詞 +be 動(dòng)詞 +doing+ 其它 ?動(dòng)詞 +ing 的變化規(guī)則 : 1一般情況下，直接 加 ing ， 如

12、： cook - cooking2以不發(fā)音的 e 結(jié)尾，去 e 加 ing ， 如： make - making, taste - tasting 3假如末尾是一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母， 雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加 ing 如： run - running, stop - stopping現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)專項(xiàng)練習(xí)： 一、寫出下列動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞：run swim makebegin go like write shop havesing dance put see love live take come get stop sit smokerunningswimmingmakingbeginningg

13、oinglikinghavingwritingshoppingsingingdancingputtin glovinglivingseeingtakingcominggettingstoppingsittingsmoking幻燈片 16二、用所給的動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空：1. The boy ( draw) a picture now.2. Listen .Some girls (sing) in theclassroom .3. My mother (cook)some nice foodnow.4. What you ( do ) now?5. Look . They (have) an En

14、glish lesson .is drawingare singingis cookingaredoingare having三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換： They are doing housework .( 分別改成一般疑問句和否定句 )2 The students are cleaning the classroom .( 改一般疑問句并作肯定和否定回答 )Are they doing housework?They aren ' t doing housework.Are the students cleaning the classroom?Yes, they are.No, they ar

15、en ' t.一般將來(lái)時(shí) 以下時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：、概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或預(yù)備做某事。 句中一般有等。tomorrow, next day (week, month, year ),soon, the day after tomorrow 二、基本結(jié)構(gòu)： be going to do ； will be / do.三、否定句： be going to do be not going to do will be / do won't be / do例如： I ' m going to have a picnic this afternoon. I 

16、9; m not going to have a picnic this afternoon.I will go to Beijing next month. I won ' t go to Beijing next month.四、一般疑問句： be 或 will 提到句首 ; 如果有 some，改為 any; 如果有 and ，改為 or ； 第一二人稱互換。例如： We are going to go on an outing this weekend. Are you going to go on an outing this weekend.五、對(duì)劃線部分提問。一般情況，一般

17、將來(lái)時(shí)的對(duì)劃線部分有三種情況 :1、問人。 (Who)例如： I ' m going to New York soon. Who' s going to New York soon.2、問干什么。 (What do)例如： My father is going to watch a race with methis afternoon. What is your father going to do with youthis afternoon.3、問什么時(shí)候。 (When)例如： She' s going to go to bed at nine. When is s

18、he goingto bed?六、be going to 與 will ： 一般情況下可以互換：I am going to go swimming tomorrow.= I will go swimming tomorrow. 區(qū)別：A 、 be going to 表示近期、眼下就要發(fā)生的事情， will 表示的將來(lái)時(shí)間則較遠(yuǎn)一些He is going to write a letter tonight.Hewill write a book one day.B 、 be going to 表示根據(jù)主觀判斷將來(lái)肯定發(fā)生的事情， will表示客觀上將來(lái)勢(shì)必發(fā)生的事情。Heis seriously

19、 ill. He is going to die.Hewill be twenty years old.C 、 be going to 表示根據(jù)主觀判斷將來(lái)肯定發(fā)生的事情， will 表示客觀上將來(lái)勢(shì)必發(fā)生的事情She is going to lend us her book.Hewill be here in half an hour.D 、 be going to 含有“計(jì)劃，準(zhǔn)備”的意思，而多will則沒有這個(gè)意思Sheisgoingtolendus her book.Hewillbeherein halfan hour.E 、在有條件從句的主句中，一般不用be going to,用 w

20、illstay with you andhelpgo and see herIf any beasts come at you, I'll you.will 和 be going to 的選用原則關(guān)于“打算” ：原先作好的打算用 “ be goingto ”“ Kate is in hospital. ”“凱特在住院。 ”“ Yes, I know. I am goingto see her this“是的，我知道。我下午要去看她。說(shuō)話時(shí)即時(shí)的打算用“ will ”“ Kate is in hospital. ”“凱特在住院。 ”afternoon.Oh, really,I didn

21、' t know.I willat once. ” “哦，是嗎？我都不知道呢。我得馬上去看她。in hospital 住院in the hospital在醫(yī)院里立刻，馬上2. 關(guān)于“預(yù)料” ：在有跡象表明的情況下的預(yù)料用“ be going to ”；Look at the clouds. It ' s going to rain. 你看天上的云?？煜掠炅恕y God! We are going to crash. 天哪！我們快撞車了。在沒有跡象表明的情況下進(jìn)行的猜測(cè)用“ will 或 be going to ” 皆可；I think the weather will be

22、nice. 我想天會(huì)晴朗。= I thinkthe weather is going to be nice. 當(dāng)動(dòng)詞表示內(nèi)心活動(dòng)時(shí)，表示猜測(cè)的句子必須用“ will ”。Ithink she will like the cake I made for her.我想她會(huì)喜歡我為她做的蛋糕。練習(xí)：填空。1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I have a picnic with my friends.I have a picnic with my friends.2. 下個(gè)星期一你打算去干嘛 ? 我想去打籃球。What _ next Monday?I play basketball.（ 同義句 ）3.

23、你媽媽這個(gè)周末去購(gòu)物嗎？是，她要去買一些水果。 your mother go shopping this ?Yes, she . She buy some fruit.4. 你們打算什么時(shí)候見面 ?What time you meet?amgoingtowillareyougoingtodoamgoingtoIsgoingtoweekendisisgoingtoaregoingto 用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. Today is a sunny day. We (have) a picnic this afternoon.2. My brother (go) to Shanghai next

24、week.3. Tom often (go) to school on foot. But today is rainy. He (go) toschool by bike.4. What do you usually do at weekends? I usually (watch) TV and (catch) insects?5.It ' s Friday today. What she (do)this weekend? She (watch) TVand (catch) insects.are going to haveis goinggoeswill gowatchcatc

25、hgoing to doisis going to watchcatch 一般過去時(shí)1功能： 表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)， 常和表示過去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。表示過去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。2謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是 be 動(dòng)詞時(shí)， be 的變化： am 和 is 在一般過去時(shí)中變?yōu)?was 。( was not=wasn ' t ) are 在一般過去時(shí)中變?yōu)?were。( were not=weren ' t ) 3謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是其他實(shí)意動(dòng)詞時(shí)，動(dòng)詞變過去式，否定和 疑問借用助動(dòng)詞 did如： I went to school at 8 o' clock yesterday.Ji

26、m didn ' t go home yesterday.Did Jim go home yesterday.動(dòng)詞過去式變化規(guī)則：1一般在動(dòng)詞末尾加 -ed ，如： work-worked , 2結(jié)尾是 e 加 d，如： live-lived 3重讀的“輔·元·輔”結(jié)構(gòu)(末尾只有一個(gè)元音 字母和一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)) ，雙寫 末尾的輔音字母，再加 -ed 如： stop-stopped ， begin - beginning /b?g?n/4以“輔音字母 y ”結(jié)尾的，變 y 為 i ， 再加 -ed ， 如： study-studied5不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過去式：am

27、/is-was, eat-ate are-were,take-took,do-did, run-ran, see-saw,sing-sang,say-said, put-put give-gave, make-made,get-got, read-read go-went,write-wrote,come-came, draw-drew, have-had, drink-drank, swim-swam,sit-sat一、用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. It (be) Ben' s birthday last Friday.2. We all (have) a good time last

28、night.3. He (jump) high on last Sports Day.4. Helen (milk) a cow on Friday.5. She likes newspapers, but shea book yesterday. (read)6. they (sweep) the floor onSunday? No, they .7. I (watch) a cartoon on Monday.washadjumpedmilkedreadingreadDidsweepdidn ' twatched形容詞和副詞形容詞和副詞的概念 形容詞： 是修飾名詞（人或事物） ，

29、表示名詞的性質(zhì)、 特征或?qū)傩砸环N詞類。它在句中作定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。錯(cuò)誤 !未找到引用源。 幻燈片 40二、不規(guī)則變化：good / well bad / badly / ill many / much little betterbest Worse worst More most Less least old far給出下列詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)older / elder oldest / eldest farther / further farthest / furthest 幻燈片 41more important most importantimportant easywethappy

30、careful thin goodhot easily manynice big heavydeliciousmuch easiereasiestwetterwettesthappiesthappiermore careful1、形容詞比較級(jí)在句子中的運(yùn)用：兩個(gè)事物或人的比較用比較級(jí)，比較級(jí)后面 一般帶有單詞 than。比較級(jí)前面可以用 more, a little 來(lái)修飾表示 程度。 than 后的人稱代詞用主格（口語(yǔ)中可用賓格） 幻燈片 432形容詞比較級(jí)的規(guī)則變化： 一般在詞尾加 er ；以字母 e 結(jié)尾，加 r ；“輔·元·輔”結(jié)構(gòu)，應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母， 再加 e

31、r ；以“輔音字母 +y ”結(jié)尾，先把 y 變 i ，再加 er ?；脽羝?443 、不規(guī)則形容詞比較級(jí)：good / well-better,bad / ill - worselittle- less,old - older / eldermany / much - more幻燈片 45二、副詞的比較級(jí)1形容詞與副詞的區(qū)別 （有 be 用形，有形用 be； 有動(dòng)用副，有副用動(dòng) ）在句子中形容詞一般處于名詞之前或be 動(dòng)詞之后副詞在句子中最常見的是處于實(shí)義動(dòng)詞之后2副詞比較級(jí)的變化規(guī)則基本與形容詞比較級(jí)相同 （不規(guī)則變化： well-better ， far-farther幻燈片 46一、寫出

32、下列形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)short strong big small fat thin heavy light nice good beautifullow high slowfast late early far well二、根據(jù)句意填入單詞的正確形式：1. My brother is two years (old) than me.2. Tom is as (fat) as Jim.3. Is your sister (young) than you?Yes, she is.4. Who is (thin), you or Helen? Helen is.幻燈片 475. Nancy si

33、ng (well) than Helen?Yes, she _.6. Fangfang is not as (tall) as the other girls.7. My eyes are (big) than (she).8. Who gets up (early), Tim or Tom?9. the girls get up (early) than the boys?No, they.幻燈片 48三、翻譯句子：1、誰(shuí)比 Jim 年紀(jì)大？是你。 is than Jim ？ are.2. 我喜歡游泳。我所有的朋友都游得比我慢。I like _.All my than me.3. 誰(shuí)的鉛筆更

34、長(zhǎng)，他的還是她的？我想是她的。pencil is ,or ？is, I think.4. 我母親比我父親年紀(jì)小。My than my .5. 多做運(yùn)動(dòng)，你會(huì)更強(qiáng)壯。 more exercise, you' ll soon.幻燈片 49There be 句型與 have, has 的區(qū)別 1、 There be 句型表示：在某地有某人 / 物2、在 there be 句型中，主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)， be 動(dòng)詞用 is ; 主語(yǔ) 是復(fù)數(shù)， be 動(dòng)詞用 are ; 如有幾件物品， be 動(dòng)詞根據(jù) 最近 be 動(dòng)詞的那個(gè)名詞決定 (就近原則 )。3、there be 句型的否定句在 be 動(dòng)詞后加 not , 一般疑問 句把 be 動(dòng)詞調(diào)到句首。4、there be句型與 have(has) 的區(qū)別： there be表示在 某地有某人 /物； have(has)表示某人擁有某物?；脽羝?505、some 和 any 在 there