非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)(講)電子教案

1、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)(講) 2（NMET97，單項(xiàng)填空），單項(xiàng)填空）The Olympic Games,_in 776 B.C., did not include women players until 1912. A. first playing B. to be first played C. first played D. to be first playing 正確答案：正確答案：C 此題考查分詞作非限制性定此題考查分詞作非限制性定語(yǔ)的用法，有被動(dòng)意義，動(dòng)作已完成，所語(yǔ)的用法，有被動(dòng)意義，動(dòng)作已完成，所以選以選C。 3（NMET94，單項(xiàng)填空），單項(xiàng)填空）The first text bo

2、oks _ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. A. having written B. to be written C. being written D. written 正確答案：正確答案：D 此題考查分詞的限制性定語(yǔ)此題考查分詞的限制性定語(yǔ)用法，其他與例用法，其他與例2類(lèi)似，所以選類(lèi)似，所以選D 1不定式作定語(yǔ) 不定式作定語(yǔ)常用于不定代詞或被不定式作定語(yǔ)常用于不定代詞或被the first/next/only/last等修飾的名詞和其他一等修飾的名詞和其他一些名些名 詞、代詞之后

3、。其中，詞、代詞之后。其中， 一般式一般式: 將來(lái)或經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作將來(lái)或經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作， 完成式完成式: 該動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)該動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之前作之前。 例如：例如：She is always the first (one) to come and the last to leave. 如果作定語(yǔ)的不定式與被修飾的名詞有如果作定語(yǔ)的不定式與被修飾的名詞有動(dòng)賓關(guān)系動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,在不及物動(dòng)詞后通常要加上適當(dāng)?shù)脑诓患拔飫?dòng)詞后通常要加上適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~介詞. 例如：例如：Lets first find a room to live in / to put the things in. W

4、e have nothing to worry about.(=There is nothing for us to worry about.) 不定式作定語(yǔ)修飾一個(gè)在邏輯上是其賓不定式作定語(yǔ)修飾一個(gè)在邏輯上是其賓語(yǔ)名詞時(shí)語(yǔ)名詞時(shí),若在句子中能找到該不定式的邏若在句子中能找到該不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)輯主語(yǔ), 則該不定式多用主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)，否則，則該不定式多用主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)，否則，用被動(dòng)式。用被動(dòng)式。 例如：例如：I have a lot of things to do today. ( I . do . things) Have you got anything to say at the meeting?

5、 ( you. say . anything) Here is a letter to be taken to Mr. Li. 在在there be句型中，有時(shí)用主動(dòng)式或被動(dòng)式意思句型中，有時(shí)用主動(dòng)式或被動(dòng)式意思不同。不同。 比較：比較：There is nothing to do at present. (=We have nothing to do at present.) There is nothing to be done at present. (= We can do nothing at present.) 2-ing分詞作定語(yǔ) 單個(gè)的單個(gè)的-ing分詞作定語(yǔ)一般前置分詞作定語(yǔ)

6、一般前置,說(shuō)明名詞的說(shuō)明名詞的性質(zhì)、特征或用途等性質(zhì)、特征或用途等, -ing短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)一般后置一般后置； 強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的單個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的單個(gè)-ing分詞也常后置分詞也常后置。 例如：例如：a sleeping car ( = a car for sleeping ) a sleeping child ( = a child who is sleeping ) the boy standing there ( = the boy who is standing there ) The girl singing is my classmate. -ing分詞作定語(yǔ)一般要求分詞作定語(yǔ)一般要求其

7、動(dòng)作與謂語(yǔ)其動(dòng)作與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生或是在說(shuō)話時(shí)或是在說(shuō)話時(shí)該動(dòng)作該動(dòng)作正正 在進(jìn)行在進(jìn)行，否則，要用，否則，要用從句從句作定語(yǔ)。作定語(yǔ)。 例如：例如：Do you know the boy talking ( = who is talking ) to the teacher? Did you notice the boy sitting ( = who was sitting ) at this desk yesterday? The man shaking ( = who is now shaking ) hands with Mr. Li visite

8、d our class yesterday. 比較：比較： 誤誤：He is the man visiting our class yesterday. 正正：He is the man who visited our class yesterday. 3-ed分詞作定語(yǔ) -ed分詞作定語(yǔ)一般表示一個(gè)分詞作定語(yǔ)一般表示一個(gè)被動(dòng)被動(dòng)或或已完成已完成動(dòng)動(dòng)作作, -ing分詞表示一個(gè)分詞表示一個(gè)主動(dòng)主動(dòng)或或正在進(jìn)行正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作的動(dòng)作, -ing分詞的被動(dòng)式分詞的被動(dòng)式則表示一個(gè)則表示一個(gè)正在被進(jìn)行正在被進(jìn)行的動(dòng)的動(dòng)作。作。 例如：例如：a developed/developing country

9、He is a student loved by all the teachers. The building being built will be the third Teaching Building of our school. 4像定語(yǔ)從句一樣，分詞作定語(yǔ)也有非限像定語(yǔ)從句一樣，分詞作定語(yǔ)也有非限制性的，其作用相當(dāng)于一個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)制性的，其作用相當(dāng)于一個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。從句。 例如：例如：The students, wearing their school uniforms, marched into the playground. The substance, discover

10、ed almost by accident,has greatly changed the world. 【知識(shí)過(guò)關(guān)】【知識(shí)過(guò)關(guān)】 1. The computer center,_last year, is very popular among the students. in the school. A. open B. opening C. having opened D. opened B 2. Most of the artists _ to the party were from South Africa. A. invited B. to invite C. being invit

11、ed D. had been invited A 3. There was a terrible noise _ the sudden burst of light. A. followed B. following C. to be followed D. being followed B 4. Do you know the boy_ under the big tree? A. lay B. lain C. layingD. lying D 5. Are you going to attend the meeting _ tomorrow? A. to be held B. being held C. will be held D. held A 6. I like most of the books _ in this _ house. A. publishing, publishing B. published, published C. published, publishing D. publishing, published C 7. This is one of the questions _ at the meeting now. A. to discuss B. to be discussed C. being discusse