高考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)_不定式

1、Infinitive 動(dòng)詞不定式動(dòng)詞不定式1. His first book _ next month is based on a true story. A. published B. to be published C. to publish D. being published2. Robert is said _ abroad, but I dont know what country he studied in. A. to have studied B. to study C. to be study D. to have been studying 3. The children

2、 all turned _ the famous actress as she entered the classroom.A. Looked at B. to look at C. to looking at D. look at 真題再現(xiàn)4. David threatened _ his neighbor to the police if the damages were not paid. A. to be reported B. reporting C. to report D. having reported 5. It remains _whether Jim will be fi

3、t enough to play in the finals. A. seen B. to be seen C. seeing D. to see 真題再現(xiàn)知識(shí)梳理形式主動(dòng)式被動(dòng)式與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作的關(guān)系一般式進(jìn)行式/完成式完成進(jìn)行式 /to doto be done所表示的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)所表示的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài) 與與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞同時(shí)或幾乎同時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞同時(shí)或幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生，或之后發(fā)生。發(fā)生，或之后發(fā)生。to be doing與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生to have doneto have been done動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前to havebeen doing動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前且一直持續(xù)到位于動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí)動(dòng)詞不定式的時(shí)態(tài)

4、動(dòng)詞不定式的時(shí)態(tài)1. I opened the door to enter the room. 2. Mr. Smith is going to attend the meeting to be held tomorrow. . 一般式一般式( to do )( to do ). .所表示的動(dòng)作或狀所表示的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)態(tài) 與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞同與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞同時(shí)或幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生，時(shí)或幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生，或之后發(fā)生。或之后發(fā)生。不定式的用法.進(jìn)行式進(jìn)行式( to be doing)1. I am very glad to be working with you.2. He is said to be studying

5、abroad.不定式所表示的動(dòng)不定式所表示的動(dòng)作與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作同時(shí)作與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行。進(jìn)行。動(dòng)詞不定式的時(shí)態(tài)動(dòng)詞不定式的時(shí)態(tài)不定式的用法動(dòng)詞不定式的時(shí)態(tài)動(dòng)詞不定式的時(shí)態(tài).完成式（完成式（to have done)1. I am sorry to have kept you waiting so long.2. You seemed to have read the novel written by Mr. Smith.不定式動(dòng)作發(fā)不定式動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前。之前。不定式的用法動(dòng)詞不定式的時(shí)態(tài)動(dòng)詞不定式的時(shí)態(tài)(四四).完成進(jìn)行式（完成進(jìn)行式（to have being done)1.

6、 He is said to have been working there for more than twenty years.2. I am sorry to have been interrupting you.2. 動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前且一直動(dòng)作之前且一直持續(xù)到位于動(dòng)作持續(xù)到位于動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí)發(fā)生時(shí)不定式的用法動(dòng)詞不定式的語(yǔ)態(tài)動(dòng)詞不定式的語(yǔ)態(tài).主動(dòng)式主動(dòng)式( to do / to be doing /to have done/ to have been doing) We want to learn English well. He is the first studen

7、t to have got the prize. We didnt expect you to be waiting for us here. She wished to have been reading as much as the others.當(dāng)不定式邏輯上的主語(yǔ)是不定式所表示的當(dāng)不定式邏輯上的主語(yǔ)是不定式所表示的動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí). .不定式的使用動(dòng)詞不定式的語(yǔ)態(tài)動(dòng)詞不定式的語(yǔ)態(tài).被動(dòng)式被動(dòng)式( to be done / to have been done)1. He didnt like to be laughed at.2. The chairman announced

8、 the meeting to be started.3. The news reporters hurried to the airports, only to be told the film star had left.4. Do let your mother know all the truth. She appears to have been told everything.當(dāng)不定式邏輯上的主語(yǔ)是不定式所表示當(dāng)不定式邏輯上的主語(yǔ)是不定式所表示的動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)的動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí). .不定式的用法和否定詞連用We turned down the music in order not t

9、odisturb the neighbors.not to do其他用法1. Unfortunately, the doctors dont know how to make me better, but I am very outgoing and have learned to adapt to my disability. (L4-5, Para.1)不幸的是，大夫們不知道如何治好我的病，但是我很開(kāi)朗樂(lè)觀，不幸的是，大夫們不知道如何治好我的病，但是我很開(kāi)朗樂(lè)觀，學(xué)會(huì)了適應(yīng)身體的殘疾。學(xué)會(huì)了適應(yīng)身體的殘疾。2. My ambition is to work for a firm that

10、develops computer software when I grow up.(L24-25, Para.4)我有雄心壯志，長(zhǎng)大后我要在開(kāi)發(fā)電腦軟件的公司里工作我有雄心壯志，長(zhǎng)大后我要在開(kāi)發(fā)電腦軟件的公司里工作3. To look after my pets properly takes a lot of time but I find it worthwhile. (L30-31, Para. 4)我得花大量時(shí)間來(lái)照顧這些寵物，但我覺(jué)得很值。我得花大量時(shí)間來(lái)照顧這些寵物，但我覺(jué)得很值。4. Just accept them for who they are, and give them

11、 encouragement to live as rich and full a life as you do. (L37-38, Para. 5)要接受他們，給他們以鼓勵(lì)讓他們能像你一樣過(guò)得豐富多彩、充要接受他們，給他們以鼓勵(lì)讓他們能像你一樣過(guò)得豐富多彩、充實(shí)美滿。實(shí)美滿。Pick out the infinitives in the sentences and tell their functions. He pretended to be reading attentively when I came in. It is of great help for us to learn En

12、glish well.I didnt expect Mary to invite me to her birthday party.She listens to news every day so as to find out whats going on.The car to be bought is for his sisters.The important thing in life is to have a great aim, and the determination to attain it.( 賓語(yǔ)）賓語(yǔ)）( 主語(yǔ)）主語(yǔ)）( 賓補(bǔ)）賓補(bǔ)）( 狀語(yǔ)）狀語(yǔ)）( 定語(yǔ)）定語(yǔ)）( 表語(yǔ)

13、）表語(yǔ)）不定式可作主、賓、表、定、狀、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)。起名詞，形容詞不定式可作主、賓、表、定、狀、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)。起名詞，形容詞和副詞的作用。和副詞的作用。歸歸納納不定式不定式To keep smiling is healthy for you.單個(gè)不定式作主語(yǔ)時(shí)單個(gè)不定式作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Its important to look up the new words in the dictionary when you study English.若不定式太長(zhǎng)若不定式太長(zhǎng), 往往用往往用it作形式作形式主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ), 不定式后置。不定式后置。1. 不定式作主語(yǔ)不定式作主語(yǔ)(subject)My

14、job to protect the world.2. 不定式作表語(yǔ)不定式作表語(yǔ)(predicative) Seeing is to believe. To see is believing. To see is to believe.不定式常用在系動(dòng)詞不定式常用在系動(dòng)詞be, seem, appear, get, remain等后作表語(yǔ)。等后作表語(yǔ)。不定式作表語(yǔ)表示主語(yǔ)的“職業(yè)，職責(zé)或性質(zhì)”等，從時(shí)間概念上來(lái)說(shuō)含有將來(lái)意義。我的目標(biāo)是考入北大。My goal is_.to be admitted to Beijing University Lin Shuhao likes to play b

15、asketball. I find it still necessary (for him) _ if he wants to win.句型：句型：think / consider / find /believe，feel，make，+ it + adj. + to do to work hard某些動(dòng)詞后往往用某些動(dòng)詞后往往用it作形作形式賓語(yǔ)式賓語(yǔ), 不定式后置。不定式后置。3. 不定式作賓語(yǔ)不定式作賓語(yǔ)(object)agree, afford, appear, ask, attempt,care, choose, claim, dare, decide, demand, deserve

16、, determine, expect, fail, get, hate, hesitate, hope, hurry, intend, learn, manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, seem, tend, threaten,want, wish + to do常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：不定式的其他用法2. 和疑問(wèn)詞連用你決定穿什么參加去參加面試了嗎？你決定穿什么參加去參加面試了嗎？Have you decided what to wear to the interview?沒(méi)人告

17、訴我在哪買票。沒(méi)人告訴我在哪買票。Nobody told me where to buy the ticket.decide, discuss, explain, find out, learn, show, teach, tell, wonder whether/what/who/how/where/when to do1愛(ài)和被愛(ài)都是最大的幸福。愛(ài)和被愛(ài)都是最大的幸福。_ are both great happiness.2中國(guó)人民決不會(huì)征服。中國(guó)人民決不會(huì)征服。The Chinese people refuse _3據(jù)說(shuō)他已經(jīng)完成了他的工作。據(jù)說(shuō)他已經(jīng)完成了他的工作。He is said

18、_.4 根據(jù)報(bào)道他們已安全到達(dá)。根據(jù)報(bào)道他們已安全到達(dá)。They are reported _To love and to be lovedto give in/ be conqueredto have finished/completed his workto have arrived safely3.3.動(dòng)詞不定式做介詞動(dòng)詞不定式做介詞but, except, besides, but, except, besides, thanthan等的賓語(yǔ)。等的賓語(yǔ)。但是，但是，在介詞在介詞but, except, besides ,than 前若有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞前若有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞do時(shí)：時(shí)：What do

19、you like to do besides swim?He could do nothing except/but wait.He did nothing else than laugh.He had no choice but to give in.It had no effect except to make him angry.(2) 表示表示“只好只好, ,不得不不得不” 的的but but 之后之后：(cant /could not but, cant / could not help but , cant choose but)1)Its raining hard. I cant

20、 help but stay at home.2)We could not but face the reality.3)I cant choose but finish the work.My mum asks me to play the piano two hours every day.4. 不定式作賓補(bǔ)不定式作賓補(bǔ) (object complement)不定式在句中的作用 I didnt expect Mary to invite me to her birthday party.練習(xí)你可以讓你姐姐幫你一下。You can ask your sister to help you .我

21、總是勸他戒煙。I always advise him to give up smoking.advise, allow, ask, beg, encourage, expect, forbid, force, get, invite, order, persuade, permit, prefer, tell, want, warn, wish, would like sb. to do The teacher told me to clean the blackboard.I expect you to give me some help.賓補(bǔ)賓補(bǔ)五看五看 watch see look at

22、 observe notice三三使使 let make have 二聽(tīng)二聽(tīng) listen to hear一感覺(jué)一感覺(jué): feel get1. They saw the boy fall suddenly from the tree. The boy was seen to fall suddenly from the tree. Mother made John wash the car. John was made to wash the car.以上的動(dòng)詞用于被動(dòng)式，以上的動(dòng)詞用于被動(dòng)式，to 要還原要還原 - Can I have the document right now? - O

23、f course. Wait a minute and Ill have my secretary _ it for you. A. to print B. printing C. printed D. print2. We tried hard , and eventually, we were able to get Mike _ us his car for just a day. A. lending B. lend C. to lend D. lent Practice. With a lot of difficult problems _,the newly-elected pre

24、sident is having a hard time. settled B. settling C.to settle D. being settled1. It is looking for a suitable coat to wear.2. Tom has a nice pen to write with.5. 不定式作定語(yǔ)不定式作定語(yǔ)(attribute) 不定式作定語(yǔ)時(shí)常放在被修飾的名不定式作定語(yǔ)時(shí)常放在被修飾的名 詞或代詞之后詞或代詞之后 (a) She was very busy and had no time to visit her friends. (b) Ladies

25、 and gentlemen, I have something important to tell you.2. 當(dāng)名詞被當(dāng)名詞被the first, the last, the only 等詞以及形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)等詞以及形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí) e.g. She is always the first to come and the last to leave.3. something, anything, nothing, everything等復(fù)合不定代詞常用不定等復(fù)合不定代詞常用不定 式作后置定語(yǔ)。式作后置定語(yǔ)。4. 如果不定式是不及物動(dòng)詞如果不定式是不及物動(dòng)詞, 則后面需加則后面需加

26、適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~。適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~。 e.g. Please pass me some paper to write _. on There are five pairs _,but Im at a loss which to buy. to be chosen B. to choose from C. to choose D. for choosing1) Have you anything to send? 你有什么東西要寄嗎？你有什么東西要寄嗎？2) Have you anything to be sent? 你有什么要（我或別人）寄的東西嗎？你有什么要（我或別人）寄的東西嗎？（不定式（不定式to

27、send的動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者是的動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者是you）（不定式（不定式to be sent的動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者是的動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者是已被省略的已被省略的me或或someone else）e.g. I got up early _.in order to, so as to,enough to,only toto catch the train在一些短語(yǔ)在一些短語(yǔ)中也有體現(xiàn)中也有體現(xiàn): :6. 不定式作狀語(yǔ)不定式作狀語(yǔ)(adverbial) He spoke loudly (so as / in order) to be heard. 2. He was so foolish as to believe it. = H

28、e was such a fool as to believe it. = He was foolish enough to believe it.3. He woke up only to find that he was sleeping outdoors.不定式作狀語(yǔ)的作用不定式作狀語(yǔ)的作用表示目的表示目的表示結(jié)果表示結(jié)果出乎意思的結(jié)果出乎意思的結(jié)果動(dòng)詞不定式：原因 某些表示某些表示喜、怒、哀、樂(lè)喜、怒、哀、樂(lè)的形容詞后跟不定的形容詞后跟不定式，表示原因。式，表示原因。 I am glad to see you. I am so sorry to hear about your fail

29、ure on business.To tell the truth, I am not happy at the moment. to be frank to be honest to tell the truth7. 獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)(absolute construction)關(guān)于不定式中的小品詞關(guān)于不定式中的小品詞to (1).不定式中的動(dòng)詞上文已出現(xiàn)過(guò)不定式中的動(dòng)詞上文已出現(xiàn)過(guò),下文要下文要 省略該動(dòng)詞省略該動(dòng)詞. eg: Would you like to go with me ? Id like to .(2). 不定式是不定式是to be 結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu), be 不可省不可省. eg:

30、 Would you like to be a teacher? Id like to be. The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier _ it more difficult. A. not make B. not to make C. not making D. do not make 2. Ive worked with children before, so I know what _ in my new job. A. expected B. to expect C. to be expecting D. expec

31、tsPractice3. Charles Babbage is generally considered _the first computer. to invent B. inventing C. to have invented C. having invented4. Allen had to call a taxi because the box was _ to carry all the way home. much too heavy B. too much heavy C. heavy too much D. too heavy much5. The boy wanted to

32、 ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _. A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not to6. Little Jim should love _ to the theatre this evening. to be taken B. to take C. being taken D. taking7. There are five pairs _,but Im at a loss which to buy. to be chosen B. to choose from

33、C. to choose D. for choosing8. _late in the afternoon, Bob turned off the alarm. A. To sleep B. Sleeping C. Sleep D. Having sleep 9. With a lot of difficult problems _,the newly-elected president is having a hard time. settled B. settling C.to settle D. being settled10. She will tell us why she feels so strongly that each of us has a role_in making the e