基于HFSS的天線設(shè)計流程

1、天線設(shè)計流程:1 .確定設(shè)計目標(biāo)2 .查閱資料，確定形狀，給出結(jié)構(gòu)圖（變量形式）3 .仿真建模、求解4 .優(yōu)化設(shè)計，確定變量值5 .版圖，加工，測試設(shè)計目標(biāo)：設(shè)計并實現(xiàn)一款超寬帶天線，天線饋電方式采用50Ohm微帶線進(jìn)行饋電，天線在3.1-10.6GHZ頻段范圍內(nèi)滿足S11<-10dB,天線輻射方向圖為全向。天線介質(zhì)基板采用選用介質(zhì)板FR-4,其相對介電常數(shù)為4.4,厚度為h=0.8mm。基于HFSS13.0的超寬帶天線設(shè)計實例:一、建立工程菜單Project->InsertHFSSDesign設(shè)置求解模式菜單HFSS->SolutionType->天線為DrivenM

2、odalProjectl"AnsoftHFSS-Project1-HFSSDesignl-3DlodelerFiIpEdif：-=i-iDQDiHFSSTWindowH«lp圖取Ieeeo©SolutionType:Project1-】ProjectManager-Projectl*+多HFSSBesignlCDrivenflod*!)+&lEltiignl+卷ED&Mign2+IDefinitions6drivenModolri，hririhririew，riTDfivenTerminal'Eigerimode廠NetworkCancel

3、三、天線模型建立1、 設(shè)置模型尺寸長度單位菜單Modeler->Units->mm->OK單位一般設(shè)置為毫米mmFileEditYiewFrjectBrawModelerKFSSTool+憶Coerdin«te+Planes+ListsgroundplaneradiatorIQX電日昌X0i國京苧|l3押|ElIj闖小前。瓜：后口土做工I俄-I|I后邯ProjectManager-Frojectl*+MFSSDesignl(Drivcnlodal3+、色lEDesignl+r?IEBesigji2+_|Definition£2、 天線模型結(jié)構(gòu)本例天線采用的

4、模型如圖1所示，其詳細(xì)結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸見表1.topviewsideview圖1超寬帶平面天線結(jié)構(gòu)圖表1初步設(shè)計的超寬帶平面天線尺寸w=16mml=32mmh=0.8mmwd=1.5mml1=12mmh1=11mmw1=3mmh2=20mmh3=4mm微帶線阻抗驗證:1）、采用AgilentAppCAD計算AppCAD-tlicz»tzipj=EalePit*心。QpUohs百elpMicrostripManHenu四NamaicfctarWeb-APPLIEATI0NNOTES-MODELS-DESIDNTIPS-DATASHEETS-&-PARAMETEHS2、采用LineCal

5、c計算工具（ADS中的工具）3、輸入設(shè)計參量菜單Project->ProjectVariables或者HFSS->DesignProperties.1.AnsoftHFSS-Peojact1-KFSSDssicjnl-3Dlodleler-(Projsct1-HFSSDesignl-KodBlBiHFProjectManafler-"_Pr<ij*ctlv+1HJSSDesie>J(DriveiiUnd*l)1+LCoord,山血t©+4F1ati4e+Lists+lEDtlliCDilW卷1皿e3部2+l_JUtfin:ti«iL5Pro

6、perties:ProjectI-HFSSDesignlBe口|FnjeetPropfftes而V4lueTuiutlcrs皿iii*vqShiMrHrdd.«ixAddrray.點擊Add,輸入w=16mm變量，詳見下圖leftieaI3F55Lc-=k!YebflVfcl«Qpti!TiCtaEOiSmilivet|rVtilTyp*D«scraptL«LKi-k依次輸入表1中全部變量，最終如下圖4、建立模型(1)創(chuàng)建介質(zhì)板FR4(a)在菜單欄中點擊Draw>Box,在模型窗口任意創(chuàng)建Box1trawH。加L4IffSS工als也a、Lin電&

7、quot;LSpline三if1弭-TK3E中叼9Cr«tli4>>- 更r««rJ13ihL+SpiLMiL- 目門皿H- 事LisJIiArc吧EqualiBasedCurveIIKeelluigLcO£113PS4oCireli:K«fulorPolygon臼EquationSwrfy0£回”nd口EesularPelyhedron(oneSpharaIwus(b)雙擊模型面口左側(cè)的Box1,改名為Substrate在點擊Material后面的按鈕，選擇Edit,搜索FR4,選擇FR4_epoxy點擊確定Pzaper

8、+ich;rni-tennnIIFSSDesin11lindElcrMtribuSEvaliLftlAd¥.白白nl*Filter:4lLrV4CU.UR5.11-=-=Qrierittli4APvfcfliLin*lodklnDispLwpXi,rCctlorEdi.|?1Sulstr*t*Mrrrrrr5hjoirHhdd«TiS肥1吐匚IDefl'inxLzun(c)雙擊模型窗口左側(cè)Substrate的子目錄Createbox,修改介質(zhì)板大小及厚度。介質(zhì)板長l=32mm,寬w=16mm,厚h=0.8mm,如下圖所示，點擊確定Dri"Ueke日J(rèn)FSd

9、.LdfHHH華加胃-05后血E口WrKEEi屈rid-1=11匕3八1口DrzLilSiisarLHlii!FlCjMiirLirf«E&r«P正中處(a)在菜單欄中點擊Draw>Rectangle,在模型窗口任意創(chuàng)建RectanglelFLlmrX>£»1lm針工的1st誦（1B«xtdCuri-I口Wt31.OELllpStQ£e.E|iltrPolycom臼B電”dSnrfH：*U：Polyhtdrwi心£*«OMhm口Iwu.5(b)雙擊模型窗口左側(cè)的Rectanglel,改名為mic

10、rostrip,點擊確定(c)雙擊模型窗口左側(cè)microstrip的子目錄Createrectangle修改微帶傳輸線大小。微帶線寬wd=1.5mm,長l1=12mm,微帶線位于介質(zhì)板頂層(3)創(chuàng)建接地板(a)在菜單欄中點擊Draw>Rectangle,在模型窗口任意位置創(chuàng)建Rectangle%(b)雙擊模型窗口左側(cè)的Rectangle1,改名為groundplane,點擊確定。(c)雙擊模型窗口左側(cè)groundplane的子目錄Createrectangle修改接地板大小。接地板寬w=16mm,長h1=11mm,微帶線位于介質(zhì)板底層(4)創(chuàng)建階梯形輻射貼片(a)在菜單欄中點擊Draw&

11、gt;Rectangle,在模型窗口任意創(chuàng)建Rectangle%(b)雙擊模型窗口左側(cè)的Rectangle1改名為patch,點擊確定。(c)雙擊模型窗口左側(cè)patch的子目錄Createrectangle修改輻射貼片大小貼片寬w=16mm,長h2=20mm,輻射貼片為與介質(zhì)頂層與微帶線相連。(d)在菜單欄中點擊Draw>Rectangle,在模型窗口任意創(chuàng)建Rectangle1和Rectangle?分別改名為stair1和stair2.(e)修改stair1及stair2的大小w1=3mm,h3=4mm,分別為與輻射貼片左、右下角。Hrti*Qm聞LE*«lUaLidVa&g

12、t;M口C0MiHk£Cri*L#3ri-_QEnjl*C4crdiAi.GlibilF卓ri打小-»/S.11/,juroafc：LE115bit，aTSkE»13Im3Cov-trLaai回口點OCrfrLt«R«cttncl»(f)同時選中patch、stairl、stair2,并在菜單欄中點擊Modeler>Boolean>Substract,從patch中剪切掉stairl和stair2,點擊OKJjcdalurSPSSoolsfindw亞tipInport.Export.InpartFro*Clipboird,

13、GroupObjA4tsByRUg門社N討He即idFI-uiagqHode.Swh口Tyf>6dplaD.epstripUonrdiTi耳EeSyrleinLast如取gm*Em*尉q/Lem必IfnrteJjnits.g-nl©Ki.cteryCeletc：ListOperttionwc«Mittw-yMd>1£1Jln.ikl£i_!£HcUimc：Vid.Ldill3-MlSatling-E,巳SuTjtricl.IjiAerstctW叩yt電BciditsIeltiaL.InprkBt設(shè)置Air空氣盒(空氣盒上下左右離天線

14、大于四分之一波長，以3GHz為例,25mm為四分之一波長)(a)在菜單欄中點擊Draw>Box,在模型窗口任意創(chuàng)建Box1。(b)雙擊模型窗口左側(cè)的Box1,改名為air,Transparent值設(shè)為0.8,點擊確定(c)雙擊模型窗口左側(cè)air的子目錄Createbox修改空氣盒大小。空氣盒尺寸大小設(shè)置如下圖。天線在空氣盒正中，點擊確定rDpcrticsxProject1HFSSDcsignl-lodclcrH血T由Vtlii*UnitEvtlnktD«sciraptiiooiConriAJidCMT&iiJnW*61戰(zhàn)也r/2唯取i褥*2&語XSlEC巧IE吧

15、BZnn均iZAh*2Smi250.BnmIShftrKidd-ea詡定取消5、設(shè)置邊界條件(1)設(shè)置理想金屬邊界條件選中g(shù)randplane,在菜單欄中點擊HFSS>Boundaries>Assign>PerfectE點擊OK,同理設(shè)置microstrip和patch為PerfectE。P.XME.r*fftciB，.EluUC4OXlUtL7kty.I+Uik*.14rHM以口sitlk史.翻一出尸.tElHE.乳職丸.gpTnueStlDLtC麻電Tinio*窯Lpire*.Lixt.V«lLdthiDChi&.fditfrux.Dhjtet11904

16、fHw*.限城7RX“imfNCLtahIDS-'txl*Mtl7iiK耨BCptL*ii-tries-AmLttixEitld+>£kdl,«U4«&*tMfW%*2*Ust.j£,hEQ«lhE«dciL««B«ll-'L«rLiLZt.EditQ*b*lhivLtf4MifiiaedtryIh即度ol”rFi犧JiKpe"TartnifirFil*£wABSTSAXElfDKIhl加E篇ihEtrdA&r陽）巾UI虹骷工J-,Dtx

17、Lcnittikp.(2)設(shè)置輻射邊界條件Z3IR«oeltLet.14itGloLtlgmntlRmrwwntni：Aixapi.DC工hirjojcii.rwf*rtE.F.rE.ukH.fiuttC4Ti4lLClL¥3ty.口fdyUiiiLriftk-tllAJ4d.«Tii!«.Jt1>£d.LBhi-iRu«List.摩axELfn.iiiltLiHlViTQiffebi而«!«".Slra.LxuptdMjC.HfTiiFni叼：lBp»duc»選中air,在菜單

18、欄中點擊HFSS>Boundaries>Assign>Radiation,點擊OK。公如n箱lyp*Lill.EtlidiAi婚Chttk.SiLMgutiBBQwturii6StUin<5.ExcaYiAacxsi承北的tr*孫eJla-Blyii工.l叮AndiLfEitldiRHaaliAn劑HE知undu*TI>irplly&oLyh1Viim.I£xp5rttraAJi舊Fill4廿畝E.必*C*6呼4rtiIlT3pi.Dht.6、設(shè)置激勵方式(a)創(chuàng)建XOZ面上的平面，在菜單欄中點擊Modeler>GridPlane>X

19、Z,再點擊菜單欄中Draw>Rectangle,在模型窗口任意創(chuàng)建Rectangle%(b)雙擊模型窗口左側(cè)的Rectangle改名為port,點擊確定。(c)雙擊模型窗口左側(cè)port的子目錄Createrectangle修改饋電口大小。饋電口寬wd=1.5mm,長h=0.8mm,饋電口連接微帶線和接地板。licjME1.1；va7%7工FrirtFt»Clipbc-u"0bj«ct-Elyaratl良中必1植L總卜JfFL-1FlVr«日打_J?S_15界事Bade.Tjpi->&owdiuU571kx*SfHws膽口§u

20、rE,E*融icl.ML+Mt上.加MfidalAnklLK>H由KM%*fid虱&ktUhpHFSEJctlx-口Sattis田口FH"f¥Qte-IIiUnauES5Jiad-匕a匚ICtf*kldJiAClUi<l«F工口purl:Jie，；Frajecl1-HFSDetficnl一udtI.七工VaIuaHut電也b電ictripUn.Caardi-Ebii.GlghalPosition-#d/23/口-D75m,01*口能”TSi»£1EmZSii«hQ&»題定W.iflH1H(d)選中

21、port,在菜單欄中點擊HFSS>Excitation>Assign>LumpedPort,點擊下一步，點擊IntegrationLine中的None,選擇NewLine,建立積分線，從port的下邊線指向上邊線，點擊下一步，完成工Hi£ilpS«l-qi;i4nI/HFlLlsI.啰3如t*m值.mB工七1»tfstix.LI超通口匕I里IGS3®/©<©J!06士1an*I,卜3|»dEaundtru-ia£xcatrlEaxKuhOpM-jii-anEIm門”&WpSrlulT

22、L己上And.TinELUA1Pert.MFvdtB*e«2*Pmt，回山tPwtIhbltiplhifEvJndo.tdLLx954lFy如Ifl*S*l*wVj«w)hpcartTr*n3f*rFil*Eh*N的喀.IMlktBLDrit1thal.I'axaulI'bLw.i-i'Lk.Li通11r工丫曲X«B3133.電=.C'nrrcnt.中Ji41：1-iioipedlknrt:l"ajr-tE1rcrasing.P'&rtBL&H4)rnAliik.tion廣加而l廂h*前口*E*Se

23、riorndlnreAllIflodesjFull?«<Irpedajic-|5|dJnUseDefsuitx|<上一步叫I翔I即日(e)選中回XOY面，Modeler>GridPlane>XY四、設(shè)置網(wǎng)格（可不設(shè)置，默認(rèn)為自適應(yīng)網(wǎng)格）Excitati口he&1仞2MashOperationsJlyAiislysis+Setupl理QptirnetricsPHResults+夕Cylinder6viacuw+,Box2OnSelectionInsideSeleclionSurfactApproximation.,Resolutioiii.國FortFi

24、eldDispliy五、加入天線遠(yuǎn)場輻射場HFSS->Radiation->Insertfarfieldsetup->InfiniteSpherel設(shè)置角度如下圖所示：同理，然后依次創(chuàng)建XOZ_Plane,最終如下圖:YOZ_Plane,XOY_Plane平面輻射場，如下圖:六、設(shè)置求解頻率、掃頻等菜單->HFSS->Analysissetup->Addsolutionsetup（止匕頻率點為Gain,eff（效率），方向圖等參數(shù)），求解頻率設(shè)為3GHz,點擊確定。菜單->HFSS->Analysissetup->Addfrequencys

25、etup止匕頻率為掃參，如S11VSWR等參數(shù)），選擇sweeptype為fast,掃頻從2GHz到12GHz，點擊OK_ZsileRditEiwErojictItrw上鼠虐Lbt仁¥AKUS4luth皿1st%一曰Li.xt.以4鹿*UI-0取cH*ti旃工用I0金Haxh.Up«rktlanx-盧加1”-妤Satupl.匕Srtfj?Opti4«tric5S«tOLjsci.Etxf電.IHsi-En3Mtime5.7日.|>4111y工立L.回嵋他回。仁哈IJ7Add,04.3an5aLufA.d-1心一虹呻外”用.LiftFwlPi<

26、li加印10Fn1（LOwL*v£"RadiPr*jfcrQf-tLihAtt'C£&tlp£L£Eltld土地Yim艮呼聞Ktr工oilialMtth加口竄HtEh.QE>4f<tL«h£Trwsfrfilefgr郵TStTuaVilueWnith-KLEnDropertits.vluph-FipiHQTtfEditSvoep）XSipjiutianSetibp七、檢驗參數(shù)菜單HFSS->validationcheck|Snttp*EW*TSweepT4FtFttqp«iyEeM

27、jTjm：|LiwhS>bp32i2|6He加碼|Stopl5G+h3StefSee|0.Q1-16Hl一二|Ti«wDvwiCatUejbniBerp&MsSmikp屈曲<nDCEHFspakiikn陽km,廠ErfMCdTEi»CC-ST73OK專TDd也UmToolsWindowK«lpSolutionType.國List.必四2dationCheck.gyAnHlyreAll凰蟋也八、保存保存（注意：工程保存的目錄不能含有中文）另在為0AifsoftHFSS"SMltHg奉"HFSBDe蚯gnl-3Dla|EditV

28、iew_projectDrawModelerHFSSToolsVin.保存在g：|口口"一|爭囪廿因，PfrcDNew百州m.Ctrl+NCtrl+Ow2tJOpenExamplei.ClcseSaveCtrl+SSaveg.網(wǎng)上加¥Can33-L.hfsarfflaulLiQ«K4hqanzor30120510口3DL£U22qsai射腔flqaiLMEiJ30L40IOTQS2U2H2jMuulU,1521.121121O*EtilL)M440L-l.tKTil匚地修白3土皿白工3_JKICI冽笈即口口射口州血*hfaxx-fli'ulCxr

29、uu1.a3TF1*1-口-Z.bf-fiirt3Ull.li白VIBLQlfflELbftkL_LHEEnt*xnkTifcEri-Enl-le11a1r?XXBE一:3心W3JPageSetup.PrintPreview昌Erint.Ctrl+FInnlAnavfLKFjSFciji-clFlIuti_*.!£as)九、求解HFSS->AnalyzeallKFSSIo»lsRindow足IpSolutionType.圉List.,y11ValidaLtioiiCheck.P加AnyzeKL1十、數(shù)據(jù)后處理（看仿真結(jié)果）1. S參數(shù)和駐波系數(shù)S11(returnlo

30、ss):HFSS->Results->CreateModalSolution->Rectangularplot(可視)/Datatable阿導(dǎo)出）->選擇solution中的“setup1:sweep'選項，Domain中的“Sweep'選項。->選擇Sparameter->S11->dB點擊newtracetiFSSDnsignl&2. Gain/Directivity/efficiency（均涉及最大方向的問題，需要每個solution單個頻點計算，最后拼接在一起)HFSS->Radiation->Compute

31、Antenna/Maxparams-然后如下圖操作latcEJiaFam：曲1里|中明InliniSphere1SoMionAiraySetup:ManeInJihsicVaiaJkin:Fieq-'OSHDesignVariaikxi：d-'flZtnm'WEErnnf口由1BnE刖tExpcftIFiddsIQgMtyV4L#U前|MakUOQGWaPeakDiecIrYriy1幽PeakGain16683Peak日dG+i1.2172Rada國Pewei071629WAcceptedPoweiaraiesWIncideni-Romer1WEfficisg09B17

32、2F*ort加B«kRlio1092DeFidw0AnietwaParanwlws瑞巨iEF&dValueUni臨AlPNAtThenAMlR5459V伽現(xiàn)190degXV140deSOdegYewV劃物190degZ4。顏V27U%g220dq<JJiiMrrujnField口品事3.輻射場(1)3D輻射方向圖HFSS->Results->CreateFarFieldsReport->3Dpolarplot做如下配置，然后點擊newreport,得到3D輻射方向圖2.3H99e+000%70434-301-1.40906+300-3,£60

33、4e+000-5,±679e+(M0-7.0H73E+300-8.9268e+000-1.0606e+301-1.Z686E+0G1-1.4565C+001-1.0445e+0Gl-1.3324e+a01-2,0Z03C+&01-2.2633e+301-2,3Q62e+O01-2,5842+001-2.7721E+001RadiationPatternHFSS->Results->CreateFarFieldsReport->RadiationPattern同理可以得到XOZ平面的輻射方向圖，XOZ面為全向輻射。在彈出的對話框中，作如下配置，然后點擊newr

34、eport得到Y(jié)OZ面的E面方向4.總結(jié)：由1中S參數(shù)結(jié)果表明，此天線距離S11-10dB的業(yè)界標(biāo)準(zhǔn)仍有一些差距，需要進(jìn)一步優(yōu)化設(shè)計。參數(shù)優(yōu)化如變量中某一尺寸等掃參:（以w1為例）(a) 在菜單欄中點擊HFSS->OptimetricsAnalysis->Addparametric/optimization,點擊Add,選擇變量w1,從3mm掃參到5mm,步進(jìn)為0.5mm,點擊Add,OK,確定。igl-3Dlodclcr-stnttcEiita-HKSSDcsijffnl-ModclcEHESSToolsVindov*IpSclutivnI/pe.LStJ-&lid.a.

35、tioinCheck.An-aly£cAllEditJctes.SttObjectIef»per-it-UTt.U,esipi-Setlinifs.ExcitatiaiLS|1eshOperationsAnalysis£elupQptiraetriesAiiaLsi5eldsRadialioDi11spl(SalverView)ExpertTrmsferFilefor.Jroptriies.DesipiDatasets.vZdMd-urinetricMdMdMdMdQptinLz-ktacn.Siatasticnl.Adld/EdjLt(b) HFSS->A

36、nalyzeall。Results->dB(S(1,1),選擇Families,查看掃(c)點擊工程管理窗口中的參結(jié)果。XYPlot1-5.00-10.00-15.00-20.00-25.00-30.00-阿Resuits-:XYPlotIHFSSDesign1ansoft(d)選擇最優(yōu)w1=4mm,繼續(xù)參掃其他參數(shù)，獲取最優(yōu)結(jié)果。表2優(yōu)化后的最終定型尺寸w=17mml=30mmh=0.8mmwd=1.5mml1=12mmh1=11mmw1=4.2mmh2=18mmh3=4mm一些有用的參數(shù)與指標(biāo)：1)電流分布首選選中同時groundplane,microstrip和patch,然后選擇

37、菜單欄中HFSS->Fields->plotfields->J->Mag_Jsurf選擇Jsurfscale,更改坐標(biāo)范圍(1100A/m,log)2)電場分布首選選中同時groundplane,microstrip和patch,然后選擇菜單欄中HFSS->Fields->plotfields->E->Vertor_EUfBAntenna(3_l-10_6CHDncvEFSSr.Jlirt.AutoS«ltDpi5。心J|什”|Cgl4r毗科%白PRedi!rrwrrafe3)三維方向圖3Dplot【前邊已經(jīng)演示過】4)電流/電場動畫菜

38、單欄View->Animate->Mag_Jsurf1/Vector_E1->OK->OK十二、CAD制圖(a)在菜單欄中點擊Modeler>Export,保存為dxf文件，此次導(dǎo)出的是底層。KFSSTiflisWiRdawH*lpLtpert.,.Export.ImportFromClipboai-ii£roupObjectsByMaterialA-f-iintM.Ixtil.-MwemntModeGridPlaneSnaplode.NewObjectTypeCoordinateSystemList聚守g.urftceg4olttnUnits.Measure(b)導(dǎo)出上層，首先把上層的結(jié)構(gòu)移動到底層，同時選中g(shù)roundplane,microstrip和patch,做如下圖移動OL|D=淺窄p.»ErajiEtIbJ.L.rPJJ；iiLrjbJ«iJaL>10sIpt士|5TCtrlICCfcrl+Tnu”R-#Wndx.rn_i|iixfJ卡2rlmL士gCrBsifiliimHi-審ur£EtibIeiIuCSbMtXH1=1Lav”4ro-tJOj-mtLM口Hrh*141KrflXUrfTlMlTixabltCtrl+AE*J*cLAllTffil-bcLbyAf-mtalt-Hr.1