英譯漢的語序調(diào)整

1、英譯漢語序問題:定語，狀語，同位語，引語的處理2016.5Lorem Ipsum Dolor英語：主謂在前，定狀補(bǔ)居后。We will take into account the practical needs of the other parties on the basis of voluntarism, equality and mutual benefit.漢語：狀補(bǔ)在前，定語在前，主謂在后。如：我們將在自愿、平等、互利的基礎(chǔ)上，考慮對方的實際需求。英漢語序的特點(diǎn)定語和狀語的處理For more than a decade, archaeologists and historians

2、have been studying the contents of a ninth-century Arab dhow that was discovered in 1998 off Indonesias Belitung Island.漢語：時間狀語、地點(diǎn)狀語居前1998年，在印度尼西亞勿里洞島附近發(fā)現(xiàn)了一艘沉沒的九世紀(jì)阿拉伯單桅帆船。十多年來，考古學(xué)家和歷史學(xué)家一直在研究船上裝載的貨物。Lorem Ipsum Dolor定語從句The sea-cucumber divers who found the wreck had no idea that it eventually would

3、be considered one of the most important maritime discoveries of the late 20th century.Lorem Ipsum Dolor發(fā)現(xiàn)該沉船的捕撈海參潛水員萬萬沒想到，這艘沉船最終會被看作20世紀(jì)末葉海上最重大的發(fā)現(xiàn)之一。遵從漢語習(xí)慣，定語置于名詞前。Lorem Ipsum Dolor同位語The dhow was carrying a rich cargo60,000 ceramic pieces and an array of gold and silver worksand its discovery has c

4、onfirmed how significant trade was along a maritime silk road between Tang Dynasty China and Abbasid Iraq. 同位語的處理：增加說明性詞語這艘單桅帆船滿載貨物，包括六萬件瓷器，還有各種各樣的金銀制品。它的發(fā)現(xiàn)證明，中國唐代與伊拉克阿巴斯王朝通過海上絲綢之路進(jìn)行的貿(mào)易何等重要。名稱+形容詞定語的譯法“Shipwrecked:Tang Treasures and Monsoon Winds” at the new, lotus-shaped Art Science Museum designed

5、 by Moshe Sadie presents items from the Belitung wreck.Lorem Ipsum Dolor先譯主要信息，說明性信息置后。勿里洞島沉船中的物品在新落成的藝術(shù)科學(xué)博物館展出。這座蓮花狀博物館有莫什 薩斯迪設(shè)計，展覽題為：”沉船中的唐代珍寶與季風(fēng)“。名為“沉船中的唐代珍寶與季風(fēng)”的勿里洞島沉船物品展覽在藝術(shù)科學(xué)博物館展出。該博物館新近落成，呈蓮花形狀，由莫什薩斯迪設(shè)計。Lorem Ipsum Dolor過去分詞的懸垂結(jié)構(gòu)Curated by the Asian Civilizations Museum here in Singapore and

6、the Arthur M. Sackler Gallery in Washington, the show is expected to travel to museums around the world over the next five to six years.Lorem Ipsum Dolor懸垂結(jié)構(gòu)凸顯與主語的邏輯關(guān)系，但信息處于次要地位，所以先譯出主語。這次展覽由新加坡當(dāng)?shù)氐膩喼尬拿鞑┪镳^和華盛頓的亞瑟 M 薩克樂美術(shù)館共同主辦，并將在今后五、六年內(nèi)在世界各地博物館巡展。直接引語的翻譯:信息的層次”This exhibition tells us a story about a

7、n extraordinary moment in globalization,“ said Julian Raby, Director of the Arthur M. Sackler Gallery. “It brings to life the tale of Sinbad sailing to China to make his fortune. It shows us that the world in the ninth century was not as fragmented as we assumed. There were two great export powers:

8、the Tang in the East and the Abbasid based in Baghdad.”漢語中：某某說永遠(yuǎn)居前亞瑟 M 薩克樂美術(shù)館館長朱利安 拉比說：“這個展覽告訴我們在全球化進(jìn)程中的一個特殊時刻發(fā)生的事情。它生動地再現(xiàn)了辛巴達(dá)航海去中國發(fā)大財?shù)墓适?。它表明九世紀(jì)的世界并不像我們過去所認(rèn)為的那樣處于隔裂狀態(tài)。當(dāng)時有兩個出口大國：一個是東方的大唐帝國，另一個是位于巴格達(dá)的阿巴斯王朝?！盤racticeMr. Raby said, “The size of the find gives us a sense of two things: a sense of China a

9、s a country already producing things on an industrialized scale and also a China that is no longer producing ceramics to bury.”拉比先生說：“這次重大發(fā)現(xiàn)告訴我們兩點(diǎn)：一是中國當(dāng)時已是個從事工業(yè)化生產(chǎn)的國家；二是中國已不再生產(chǎn)陶瓷殉葬品了。”間接引語的翻譯Its cargo confirmed that a huge volume of trade was taking place along a maritime route, said Heidi Tan, a cu

10、rator at the Asian Civilizations Museum and a curator of the exhibition.間接引語也是某某說居前，只是不用引號。亞洲文明博物館館長和此次展覽的負(fù)責(zé)人譚海迪說，船上的貨物證實當(dāng)年大量貿(mào)易是通過海路進(jìn)行的。漢語的特點(diǎn)：在什么時間什么地點(diǎn)，什么樣的人做了什么樣的事情。這個事情說明了什么。PracticeMadeira is more than 500 kilometers from the African coast and is officially one of the “outermost regions” of the E

11、uropean Union.Lorem Ipsum DolorPractice距非洲海岸500多公里的馬德拉島是歐盟官方認(rèn)定的“最邊遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)”之一。信息層次與邏輯關(guān)系Despite that far-flung status, Madeira catapulted into the center of the Unions agricultural and environmental affairs last year when Portugal asked the European Commission for permission to impose an unprecedented ban

12、 on growing biotech crops there.邏輯連接詞的應(yīng)用雖地處邊遠(yuǎn)，去年馬德拉島卻成為歐盟農(nóng)業(yè)和環(huán)保事務(wù)的中心議題，當(dāng)時葡萄牙要求歐盟委員會允許其頒布一項前所未有的禁令，禁止在島上種植生物技術(shù)作物。-ing分詞的翻譯Last week, the Commission quietly let the deadline pass for opposing Portugals request, allowing Madeira, which is one of Portugals autonomous regions, to become the first EU terri

13、tory to get formal permission from Brussels to remain entirely free of genetically modified organisms. 上周歐盟委員會悄悄地拖過了反對葡萄牙請求的最后期限，這使作為葡萄牙自治地區(qū)之一的馬德拉島成為布魯塞爾正式允許繼續(xù)全面禁止轉(zhuǎn)基因作物的第一塊歐盟領(lǐng)土。Lorem Ipsum Dolor間接引語Madeira will probably go ahead and implement the ban, a spokeswoman for the Portugese government said

14、Friday.間接引語葡萄牙政府的一位女發(fā)言人星期五說，馬德拉島現(xiàn)在就可能采取行動，執(zhí)行這項禁令。Lorem Ipsum DolorIndividual European countries and regions have banned certain genetically modified crops before.Many consumers and farmers in countries like Austria, France and Italy regard the crops as potentially dangerous and likely to contaminate

15、 organically produced food.某些歐洲國家和地區(qū)過去也曾禁種某些轉(zhuǎn)基因作物。奧地利、法國、意大利等國的許多消費(fèi)者和農(nóng)民認(rèn)為轉(zhuǎn)基因作物有潛在危害，可能污染有機(jī)食品。非限定性關(guān)系從句，同位語，定語But the case of Madeira represents a significant landmark, because it is the first time the Commission, which runs the day-to-day affairs of the European Union, has permitted a country to impo

16、se such a sweeping and definitive rejection of the technology.然而，馬德拉島的情況卻成為一個重要標(biāo)志，因為這是作為處理歐盟日常事務(wù)機(jī)構(gòu)的歐盟委員會第一次允許一個國家全面、明確地拒絕這項技術(shù)。主語的補(bǔ)充The Madeirans main concerns focused on preserving the archipelagos biodiversity and its forest of subtropical laurel trees.Such forests were once widespread on the Europ

17、ean mainland, but were wiped out thousands of years ago during an earlier period of climate change.補(bǔ)充主語馬德拉島人主要關(guān)注如何保護(hù)這一群島的生物多樣性以及那里的亞熱帶月桂樹。月桂樹在歐洲大陸曾隨處可見，數(shù)千年前卻因早期氣候變化絕跡。引文的翻譯That has left Madeira with “much the largest extent of laurel forest surviving in the world, with a unique suite of plants and a

18、nimals,” according to the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, which named the Madeiran laurel forest a World Heritage Site in 1999.The forest is also a growing attraction for tourists, who make up a significant portion of Madeiras earnings.引文的翻譯：說話人置前，保留引號聯(lián)合國教育、科學(xué)及文化組織稱，這讓馬德拉島擁有“世界上僅存的最大規(guī)模月桂樹林和一批珍稀動植物”。1999年，聯(lián)合國教科文組織將馬德拉島的月桂樹林列入世界遺產(chǎn)遺址。這片樹林隨之成為吸引越來越多游客的一大景點(diǎn)，而游客為馬德拉島帶來可觀收入。時間狀語的翻譯In seeking to ban biotechnology on Madeira, the Portuguese government told