高考英語二輪專題復習之語法填空系列

1、2008屆高考二輪專題復習之語法填空系列:1,解答語法填空題就這么幾招惠州市第八中學甑紅資料來源：廣東教育高中2008年第1期一、試題解密.短文長度：2007年高考考試說明中的樣題短文長度為161詞，高考題短文長度 197詞。因此，這道題的短文長度應(yīng)在 150 210詞之間。.命題意圖(1)通過語篇考語法。顧名思義，語法填空就是在語篇中重點考查語法知識及運用，而不是考查單詞拼寫。筆者認為，一般不會要求考生通過上下文推測來判斷填哪一個動詞、較長的形容詞或名詞等，更不會 要求考生根據(jù)上下文填一個短語，因為這都是完形填空的考查功能。樣題答案平均每詞為 4.5個字母，高考題答案平均每詞4.1個字母。除

2、去試題本身已經(jīng)給出的3個詞外，其余7道題，樣題平均長度為 3.7個字母，高考題平均長度為3.1個字母。(2)考語法基礎(chǔ)知識。從樣題和高考題來看，考查的都是最基本的語法項目，所有答案都是只填一個簡單的單詞。從只填一個詞來看，時態(tài)就只能考查一般現(xiàn)在時和一般過去時；非謂語動詞就只能考-ing形式和-ed形式；也無法考查被動語態(tài)。這樣，動詞填空題就相當于兩個選項的選擇題了，如空格后括號中有 (lose),若判斷是非謂語動詞，不是填 losing就一定是lost;若判斷是謂語動詞，不是填lose(s)就一定是填lost。筆者估計，在 2008年高考中，要求考生填詞的純空格題和詞類轉(zhuǎn)換題的答案將仍然是只填

3、一個英語 單詞；而相當于“用所給動詞的適當形式填空”的試題可能不受只填一個單詞的局限。謂語動詞可能會考 查進行時、將來時、完成時，以及一般現(xiàn)在時和一般過去時的被動語態(tài)；非謂語動詞也有可能考動詞不定 式(但可能性不大)。因為這些內(nèi)容是考綱中有規(guī)定的，考生在語境中也不難判斷，盡管給評分者造成一定 困難，也還是可以考查的。不管高考是否真的考這些內(nèi)容，我們在考前都有必要進行訓練。.命題形式(1)給出單詞：包括動詞的時態(tài)語態(tài)、非謂語動詞、詞類詞義轉(zhuǎn)換等，解題時只需根據(jù)情況變化詞形。從2007年高考的樣題和高考題來看，這類題都是3個小題。(2)沒有提示：主要是要求考生填連詞 (包括主從復合句和并列復合句的

4、連詞 卜冠詞、介詞、代詞(包括 人稱代詞、反身代詞和不定代詞等 卜形容詞和副詞的比較等級等。 2007年高考樣題和高考題都是 7個小 題。二、解題密招.既然是通過語篇在語境中考語法，那么，我們在解題前，應(yīng)快速瀏覽短文，把握全文大意，這一步 非常重要。.純空格試題，首先分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)確定填哪類詞：(1)缺主語或賓語，一定是填代詞或名詞(多考代詞)；(2)名詞前面，若沒有限定詞，很可能是填冠詞或some, any, other(s), another等限定詞；(3)在句子不缺主語、賓語或表語的情況下，名詞或代詞前面，一定是填介詞；(4)若兩個或幾個單詞或短語之間沒有連詞，可能是填連詞；(5)若兩句(

5、一個主謂關(guān)系算一個句子)之間沒有連詞，也沒有分號或句號，一定是填連詞；(6)若結(jié)構(gòu)較完整，空格后的謂語動詞是原形，特別是與上下文時態(tài)不一致或主謂不一致時，很可能是 填情態(tài)動詞或表示強調(diào)或倒裝的助動詞(do, does, did等)；(7)若缺狀語，一定是填副詞 (在純空中考的可能性不大，即使考，也是些常見的簡短的副詞)；(8)在冠詞后，一定是名詞或one(s), other(s)等代詞。然后，根據(jù)句子的意思，確定具體填什么詞；根據(jù)兩句間的邏輯關(guān)系確定用具體哪個連詞。3,給出了動詞的試題，首先要確定是謂語動詞還是非謂語動詞。(1)若句中沒有別的謂語動詞，所給動詞就是謂語動詞；(2)若句中已有謂語

6、動詞，又不是并列謂語時，所給動詞就是非謂語動詞。若是謂動詞，就要考慮時態(tài)語態(tài)；是非謂語動詞就要確定用一ing形式、一ed形式，還是用不定式形式，確定的方法有：(1)作主語或賓語，通常用一ing形式，有時也可用不定式；(2)作目的狀語、結(jié)果狀語、情感形容詞或動詞后的原因狀語，一般用不定式；(3)若判斷用分詞，與邏輯主語是主動關(guān)系用一ing形式，是被動關(guān)系用一ed形式；若命題者仍局限于一空只填一詞，我們只需根據(jù)與邏輯主語的關(guān)系確定用一ing形式還是一ed形式就可以了。3,詞類轉(zhuǎn)換題，根據(jù)該詞在句子所作句子成分確定用哪種形式：(1)作表語、定語或補語，用形容詞形式；(2)作主語或賓語，用名詞形式；(

7、3)冠詞或形容詞性物主代詞后，用名詞形式；(4)作狀語，用副詞形式。.詞義轉(zhuǎn)換題，主要是考查具有與詞根意義相反的派生詞，需根據(jù)句子意思及前后邏輯關(guān)系，在詞根前加un, im等，在詞根后加一less等。.在解題過程中要先易后難，難題在大部分空格填好后，再經(jīng)過仔細推敲，難題也就不會再難了。所 有空格填好后，把整篇文章從頭至尾復讀一遍。 三、解題示例語法填空：閱讀下面短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語法性和上下文連貫的要求，在空格處填入一個適當?shù)脑~ 或使用括號中詞語的正確形式填空。(試題編號與高考試題相同)Do you often let other people s nonsense change your

8、mood? If3d,try (get) back your focus onwhat s important 32(quick).Sixteen years ago I learned this lesson in the back of 33New York City taxi cab. We took off forGrand Central Station. We were driving in the right lane 34, all of a sudden, a black car jumped out of aparking space right in front of u

9、s. My taxi driver brake d hard and missed the other car s back end 35 just inches! The driver of the other car started yelling bad words at us. However, my taxi driver just smiled and waved at the guy.So, I said, Why did you just do that? This guy almost ruined your c ar and sent us to the hospital!

10、 And this is, when my taxi driver told me,36 I now call, “ The Law of the Garbage Truck. ”Many people are37garbage trucks. As their garbage piles up, they need a place to dump. When someone wants to dump on you, you just smile, wave, wish them wel l, and move on. You llbe happy you39(do). Love the p

11、eople who treat you right. Forget about the40 who don t.答案與思跖前作者記述了自己親身經(jīng)歷的一件事，一位出租汽車司機以微笑回應(yīng)一個錯罵自己的另一位司機，以此 教育人們既要愛那些善待我們的人，也要原諒那些不善待我們的人。 四、即時練習There was a woman who was in such a hurry to go to the airport. She was so absorbed in her own thoughts that she was not aware they were going on 31 differe

12、nt route. Suddenly, a man went inside the cab andtook her handbag32二she placed her visa, passport, and all her money33二the trip. She kept onthinking how 34 (luck) she was to be in that situation. That very same night, she heard a piece of35二 (shock) news. Flight 230 crashed! It was the plane where s

13、he was supposed to board into.36 she had not lost her precious belongings, she could have lost something far 37 important her life!Sometimes bad things really happen. We fail our exams, or get rejected by others. There are times when nothing seems to go our way. So what do we do about it? We must ta

14、ke all these frustrations out of our chest and start all over again with the consistent faith that we 38(get) what we deserved.If you failed the exams, m aybe you d be more successful and much happier in 39 field. If you were rejected by your friend, there are plenty of others out there 40 are much

15、more deserving of your love andaffection. Don t waste your time and energy on things that can t be changed.2.語法填空中的時態(tài)和語態(tài)廣州郭洛資料來源：廣東教育高中2008年第1期考點揭密從2007年廣東高考英語考試說明的樣題和高考題來看，語法填空對動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài)的考查有以下兩 個特點：其一，對動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài)的考查一般會用括號給詞動詞原形，而不會讓考生根據(jù)上下文來確定具體填 哪個動詞。其二，只考查一般現(xiàn)在時或一般過去時。從這兩份題中，我們不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，命題人設(shè)計所有空格都只填 一個單詞，由于這

16、種局限性，被動語態(tài)不方便考查，且時態(tài)也只能考查一般現(xiàn)在時或一般過去時，且多為 一般過去時。也就是說，只要判斷是謂語動詞，答案就很可能是其過去式，這樣就由原來選擇題的四個答 案變成了一個答案，變得更加容易。不管2008年怎樣考，我們都必須熟練掌握考綱中規(guī)定的10種時態(tài)的用法和構(gòu)成(詳見附錄)。掌握常用的被動語態(tài)，如一般現(xiàn)在時、一般過去時、一般將來時和現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)。解題技巧解答這類試題，需考慮以下兩點：首先，要根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，確定是否為做謂語的動詞。英語中的句子一般都應(yīng)有謂語動詞，謂語在主語之后。若句子還沒有謂語，需填的動詞才是謂語動詞；若已有謂語動詞，就可能是非謂語動詞。下列兩道是2007

17、年廣東高考題，請判斷括號中的動詞是謂語動詞還是非謂語動詞。The sun was setting when my car 31(break) down near a remote village.While she was getting me 34(settle) into a tiny but clean room分析：第31題，在when從句中，my car是主語，其后應(yīng)為謂語；再說，when從句中沒有哪里有動詞，因此，break肯定是謂語動詞。第34題，在while從句中，主語 she后已有謂語 was getting 了，因此，settle就是非謂語動詞。其次，根據(jù)上下語境，確定動詞

18、時態(tài)、語態(tài)及構(gòu)成形式。 如第31題，主語my car與謂語break down(壞 了)是主動關(guān)系，用主動語態(tài)；又因 was/were doing when did(正在做某事時，突然發(fā)生另一事 )是一固 定型，break用一般過去時，故填 broke。其三，分析時態(tài)時，需注意一些固定句型中的較為固定的時態(tài)。如：If it doesnt rain tomorrow, we shall have a picnic. 如果明天不下雨，我們將去野游。Work hard, and you will make progress.努力學習，你就會取得進步。I was walking along the s

19、tream, when I met my teacher of English.當我沿著小溪散步時遇到了英語老師。This is the most wonderful film I have ever seen.這是我看到過的最好的電影。No sooner had I come back home than it began to rain. 我一回家就下起雨來了。He has worked in the factory since he graduated in 1970.自從他 1970 年畢業(yè)以來，一直在這家工廠工作。 He told me he had graduated from m

20、iddle school two years before. 他告訴我他兩年前就中學畢業(yè)了。The boy said he would do anything for his own country.那男孩說他為自己的祖國愿做任何事情。考點預測筆者認為，試題的難度是逐步加深的，2008年的高考語法填空題不可能一下考得太難，最多會出現(xiàn)一個空填兩個單詞的現(xiàn)象。這樣可能考查的時態(tài)有一般現(xiàn)在時、一般過去時、現(xiàn)在進行時、過去進行時、現(xiàn) 在完成時和過去完成時。由于一般將來時的表達方式太多，可能不會考查，即使考，也可能是在時間狀語 從句或者條件狀語從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時代替一般將來時，或者只能用will表示將來

21、時的某些特定句型。若考查被動語態(tài)，就很可能是考查一般現(xiàn)在時或者一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。即時練習閱讀下面短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語法性和上下文連貫的要求，在空格處填入一個適當?shù)脑~或使用括號 中詞語的正確形式填空。(以動詞時態(tài)為主)(look) at the picture, please! W can see that the doctor and nurses 2 (operate) on the eyes of the patient. As we know, when people are ill, _3 _go to the doctor. Sometimes the doctor 4 (gi

22、ve) them medicines, and these often help._5_ , when medicines can not solve the problem, the doctor must find _6_ _ answer. An operation may be necessary. Doctors do not perform operations; surgeons do.For years, surgeons _ 7 (perform) many different kinds of operations, and have saved the lives of

23、millions of patients. In recent years, operations have become much safer than they _8 (be) in the past. This is 9_ (part) because doctors and surgeons have learned 9_ about hygiene, and because conditions in hospital have become better.The other day, while I 1(shop) in the store, I 2 (meet) Li Ying,

24、 an old friend of _3 _ We_4(not see) each other for a long time, since we left school; we were overjoyed 5_ (see) each other. Li Ying saidhe had been working in a factory since _6_ (graduate). He also told me that he _7 (come) to our town for a meeting and was staying in _8_ hotel near, and he asked

25、 me to go and see him. I said I _9 _ (go) as soon as I _10_ (have) time.附錄：考綱規(guī)定的十種時態(tài)的主要用法及構(gòu)成時態(tài)構(gòu)成（以do例）用法例句一般現(xiàn)在時do/does表示經(jīng)常性、習慣性的動作He goes to school by bike every day. 他每天 騎自行車上學。表示現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)、特征The pen is in the bag.鋼筆在書包里。表示客觀真理The earth moves around the sun. 地球圍繞太 陽轉(zhuǎn)。表小將來（在時間、條件狀語從句中； 在時刻表等計劃中）I ll call

26、 you as soon as I get there.我一至U達那 里就給你電話。The train takes off at nine.飛機九1點起飛。一般過去時did表示在過去某時間發(fā)生的事、存 在的狀態(tài)或過去反復發(fā)生的動作He worked in a factory in 1986. 1986 年他在 一家工廠工作。一般將來時will doam/is/are going to do表示在將來某個時間要發(fā)生的動作或 狀態(tài)They will appear later.他們稍晚會露面。It is going to rain. 天要下雨了?，F(xiàn)在進行時am/is/are doing表示說話時正在

27、進行的動作We are having an English lesson now. 我們現(xiàn) 在正在上英語課。表示現(xiàn)階段正在進行的動作Im reviewing English these days.近來我在復 習英語。表示贊揚、厭煩等感情色彩（與always,continually 等連用）Shes always helping people.她總是樂于助 人。（贊揚）表示預計將要發(fā)生的動作（常帶表將來 時間的狀語）We are leaving on Friday.我們星期五出發(fā)。過去進行時was/were doing表示過去某一時刻、某一階段正在進行 的動作I was cooking when

28、 he knocked at the door. 他敲門時我正在做飯。將來進行時will be doing表示在將來的某個時間正在進行的動 作Well meeting you at the station.我們會在車 站接你的。過去將來時would do表示從過去的某時間看將要發(fā)生的動 作或存在的狀態(tài)She said her father would buy her a watch. 她 說她父親會給她買塊手表?，F(xiàn)在完成時have/has done表示動作在說話之前已完成，但對現(xiàn)在 有影響。He has been to Japan.他至 U 過日本。表示動作開始于過去，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，也 許還會繼

29、續(xù)下去Youve known each other for about two years. 你們認識大約有兩年了。過去完成時had done表示在過去某一時間或動作之前已經(jīng) 發(fā)生或已完成的動作或存在的狀態(tài)How many new words had you learned by the end of last term? 到上學期末你學會了多少 新單詞？現(xiàn)在完成進 行時have/hasbeendoing表示動作從過去某一時間開始一直延 續(xù)到現(xiàn)在I have been working here for three years.我 一直在這里工作3年了。法填空中的主從復合句增城市增城中學王娛資料

30、來源：廣東教育高中2008年第1期主從復合句是廣東高考英語語法填空的一個重要考點，2007年高考的語法填空題就設(shè)了兩個空。而復合句的考查重點是要求填引導從句的連詞。本文重點對復合句中引導詞的用法進行探討，并通過實例進行分析。一、連詞歸納.引導名詞性從句的連接詞名詞性從句包括主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句，引導這些從句的連詞有：常用連接詞功能連 詞that, whether, if只起連接作用，不充當從句中的 任何成份，也沒有任何意義連接代詞who(ever), whom(ever), whose, which(ever), what(ever)既起連接作用，又作從句的主語、 賓語、表

31、語或定語等，有詞義連接副詞when(ever), where(ever) how(ever), why既起連接作用，本身又作從句的 狀語，有詞義.引導定語從句的關(guān)系詞先行 詞在從句中的作用主語賓語定語狀語關(guān)系代詞人物who, thatwhom/who, that,一whose事物which, thatwhich, that,一whose關(guān)系副詞時間when地點where原因why.引導狀語從句的連詞類另iJ連詞時間狀語從句一when(ever), while, as, before, after, since, until, once, as soon as地點狀語從句where(ever)原

32、因狀語從句because, since, as, now that條件狀語從句if, unless, as long as目的狀語從句in order that, so that讓步狀語從句though, although, even if, even though, however, whatever, as比較狀語從句as-as, so- - - as結(jié)果狀語從句sothat- -, so that, suchthat方式狀語從句as語境分析從句在句中的位置名詞從句主語從句在謂語動詞前（在行為動詞、be,或系動詞前）賓語從句在謂語動詞或介詞之后表語從句在系動詞之后同位語從句在名詞之后，說明

33、名詞的具體內(nèi)容定語從句在名詞或代詞之后狀語從句可以在主句的前面或后面二、解題妙法若兩個句子之間沒有連詞，也沒有分號或句號，一定是填連詞，否則句子就不完整。根據(jù)句子意思及 其邏輯關(guān)系，確定具體的連詞。 四、實例分析用適當?shù)倪B詞填空：His father was not satisfied with he had.The question is will come here.We got the news our team won the basketball match.he has disappeared worries his parents.I ll never forget the da

34、y I joined the Party.I ll never forget the day we spent on the seaside with you.It is almost five years we saw each other last time.His plan was such a good one we all agreed to accept it.五、專項訓練)句子訓練：用適當?shù)倪B詞填空。Were just trying to reach a point both sides will sit down together and talk.The American C

35、ivil War lasted four years the North won in the end.Many people had seem the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenesin people were eaten by the tiger.I dke to send you a pair of compasses,were a present given to me by my sister on my last birthday and I think it will be

36、of great help to your study.There is little evidence to support the fact human or plant life would not be able to exist withoutthis essential liquid.she was getting me settled into a tiny but clean room, the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to a small town some kilomet

37、ers away there was a garage.People find life in Canberra relaxing and pleasant. The city is surrounded by beautiful mountains people can ski. There is a large man made lake lined with beaches and parks in the center of Canberra.（二）篇章訓練：用適當?shù)倪B詞填空。AYears ago I worked with the Notco Company as the head

38、of the designing department. One of the best designers was called Steve King, 1 was clever and hard-working. We didn t know his secret 2one day when he had an accident. His legs were badly hurt and he was taken to the hospital. 3 the doctorwanted to examine his legs, he refused to take off his trous

39、ers. Then he told the doctor his secret 4 hewas a woman. She had pretended to be a man in order to get a job she liked. That night 5 Iwentto visither, I discovered her secret. The next day the company had a meeting about the problem of Ms King. 6 the company had never had women engineers working, we

40、 finally decided to let her stay. From then on, more women workers were employed by the Nocto Company.BChina is a large country of agriculture. 1 you know, there are more than 800 million farmers inChina. China started to develop the science of agriculture much earlier than other countries in the wo

41、rld. 2 the people in Europe and America were trying to shoot wild animals and birds for food, farmers inChina were studying the science of agriculture. For example, Jia Sixie, 3 lived in the Northern Weiperiod, was one of the farming pioneers. 4 he finished his work in the government, he returned ho

42、me andspent his time on research into agriculture. He collected information, did experiments and learnt from the experiences of farmers. He wrote a book called Qi Min Yao Shu. The book, 5 has 110,000 characters, isabout both farming and gardening. This book is considered to be an important summary o

43、f the knowledge of farming.解答語法填空題的八條思路作者 吳清河 來源：高中2006.12要做好語法填空題，理解短文是解題的前提，扎實的詞匯、句型和語法知識是基礎(chǔ)，英語國家背景知 識是必要的補充?，F(xiàn)以下題為例，談?wù)務(wù)Z法填空題的解題思路。閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)上下文填入適當?shù)脑~語，或使用括號中的詞語的適當形式填空：A proverb says, “Time is money” . But in my opinion, time is even 1 precious than money. Why? 2 when money is spent, we can earn it

44、back. However, when time is 3, it will never return.4 is known to all that the time we can use is limited. Therefore we should make 5 use of our time to study hard so as to serve our country in 6 future.But it is a pity that there are a lot of people 7 do not realize the value of time. They 8 -their

45、 precious time smoking, drinking and playing.In a word, we should form the good habit of 9 （save） time. Do not put off what can be done today 10 tomorrow.根據(jù)語法知識進行填充第1題，由than可知，precious要用比較級，多音節(jié)形容，的比較級在前面加more,故此題答案為more。 第7題，因there are是個句子，do not應(yīng)是一個定語從句，缺主語，先行詞是人，應(yīng)填 who。 2.根據(jù)邏輯關(guān)系進行填充 就是根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系來解

46、題。第2題，因前句用 Why提問，應(yīng)當用 Because來回答，故此題答案是Because。.根據(jù)語篇標志進行填充語篇是指比單個句子長的語言單位（句群、段落、篇章等）。語篇間往往有標明內(nèi)在聯(lián)系的詞，我們稱這些詞為“語篇標志詞”。如表示結(jié)構(gòu)層次的有first, second, third, finally等；表示邏輯關(guān)系的有 thus,therefore, so等；表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系或變換話題的有however, but, by the way等。語篇標志詞”對迅速理清文章的脈絡(luò)，弄清上下文關(guān)系很有幫助。第3題，由However可知，是指當時間失去的時候，表示失去是gone。第5題，由Therefor

47、e可知，應(yīng)充分利用時間，故用形容詞full來修飾名詞use。.根據(jù)固定詞組進行填充熟練掌握些常見的詞組， 如as a matter of, be proud of, by the way, come from, congratulate on，devote to ，earn one s living, keep one s word, make up one s mind 等，對解題 很有幫助。第6題，表示“在將來”是固定詞組in the future 。.根據(jù)句型搭配進行填充就是根據(jù)一些常用的句型搭配，如so/suchthat，it is（for sb.） to do sth., There

48、 is no doubt that，there is no sense in doing sth.等來解題。第4題，作形式主語，用It,真正的主語是后面的 that從句。.根據(jù)詞匯知識進行填充指根據(jù)某些詞語在用法上的特殊搭配來解題。如下列各類動詞必須牢記：只能接動詞的-ing形式作賓語的動詞，只能接 to do作賓語的動詞，接 to do作補語的動詞，接 do作補語的動詞，接 doing或done 作補語的動詞，對句式搭配要求較為特別的詞語，等等。第8題，由time smoking可想到是spend time （in） doing句型，這是由 spend的用法特別所決定的； 這里是一般現(xiàn)在時，

49、主語是復數(shù)，填spendo第9題，因of是介詞，介詞后的動詞通常要用-ing形式，故填saving。.根據(jù)生活常識進行填充第10題，結(jié)合生活常識，不難理解句意為“不要把今天能做的事推遲到明天去做”，答案自然是表示“直到”的 until/till o.根據(jù)文化背景進行填充就是根據(jù)英語國家的文化背景知識來解題。如 After the flood Mr. Deng was as poor as a church.這句話的意思是“水災后鄧先生一貧如洗了。 as poor as a church mouse （-一貧如洗），所以填mouse。又如 Nobody wants to go out, for

50、it is raining cats and now.這句話的意思是“因為外面大雨滂沱，沒有人想出去。It rains cats and dogs.是“大雨滂沱”之意，故此處填dogs。當然，上述的解題思路不可能萬試萬靈。扎實的語言知識和綜合語言運用能力才是解題根本。除掌握 解題技巧外，建議同學們做到：（1）系統(tǒng)復習語法知識。（2）熟練掌握課標詞匯。（3）堅持每天練習一篇。.解題方法及備考策略解題方法及技巧.通讀全文，把握大意。通讀全文的目的是為了把握全文的大意，為下一步填空做好語義上的準備。因為語義決定著空白處應(yīng)填一個什么樣的詞語并采用什么樣的語法形式。在通讀全文的過程中，為了準確 地把握其

51、大意，很有必要弄清文章的題材，體裁，中心思想，寫作線索，篇章結(jié)構(gòu)，段落層次，邏輯關(guān)系， 詞句理解等。這樣有助于考生真正讀懂文章大意，也有利于填空時進行必要的邏輯推理。.仔細閱讀，嘗試填空。在通讀全文，基本把握文章大意之后，就可以著手嘗試填空了。這一步是解題的關(guān)鍵，是一個對每個段落層次以及整個語篇中的詞匯、句子、語義、語言結(jié)構(gòu)和上下文語境進行綜 合分析并做出判斷的復雜的思維過程，也是對每個考生的英語語法基本功，英語語篇的感覺能力，和運用 英語思維的檢驗過程。做題時，要求考生對空白處的詞性能作出迅速的判斷，對文章句子的結(jié)構(gòu)能作出準 確的分析。然后才能準確無誤地填出答案。.復讀全文，檢查答案。所有的

52、空白處都填好了。這時，我們有必要把整篇文章從頭至尾復讀一遍。從語義和邏輯的角度審視全文，從詞義辨析，詞語搭配，和習慣用語等方方面面仔細推敲，看其語法是否 正確，行文是否通順流暢，條理是否清晰，邏輯是否合理，是否符合語感。要仔細揣摩，準確定奪。另外，還要特別注意單詞的拼寫，千萬不能犯由于單詞寫錯而導致失分的低級錯誤?？茖W備考策略.不斷記憶，積累詞匯。語法填空題對單詞提出了比以前更高的要求，它不但要求考生認識單詞，還要求能寫出一些要求的單詞。這就要求考生平時不斷地記憶單詞，不斷地積累詞匯，千方百計地把我們 的詞匯量提高上去?？荚嚂r才能隨心所欲的寫出單詞，填出固定搭配。.夯實基礎(chǔ)，學好語法。英語的基

53、礎(chǔ)知識瑣碎繁雜，不是一朝一夕就能掌握的，它要求我們平時多聽，多讀，多記，夯實自己的基礎(chǔ)知識；我們還要堅定不移地加強語法的學習，尤其是長句、難句、復雜 句的分析。只有這樣，才能為綜合能力的提高打下堅實的基礎(chǔ)。.大聲朗讀，培養(yǎng)語感。語感是一種對語言、語段或詞句的感受能力，是一種看不見摸不著的東西，但在做完形填空題時又是必不可少的東西。嫻熟的語感的形成不是一蹴而就的，要在平時的學習過程中多 聽，多讀，尤其是大聲朗讀猶為重要。在早讀或晚讀時間，拋開顧忌，放開喉嚨，大聲朗讀，對培養(yǎng)語感 是非常重要的。如果通過朗讀能夠多背誦一些課文是再好不過的了。語感在你的朗讀和背誦課文的過程中，不知不覺地逐步形成。.堅

54、持不懈，多做練習。語法填空是一種新題型，考生在前幾年都不曾練過的。但是高考中又占了總分的十分之一，非常重要。因此要求考生在考前一段時間要大量練習這種題型，不斷練習，不斷總結(jié)， 不斷提高，高考時才能處變不驚，輕松應(yīng)對?？傊氨鶅鋈?，非一日之寒。”備考語法填空題，平時既要積累扎實的基本功，又要掌握一定的解 題技巧。只有這樣，在高考中我們才能旗開得勝。6.語法填空專題模擬訓練湛江市吳川市第一中學曾曉霞資料來源：廣東教育高中2008年第1期閱讀下面短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語法性和上下文連貫的要求，在空格處填入一個適當?shù)脑~或使用括號 中詞語的正確形式填空，并將答案填寫在答題卡標號為31 -40的相應(yīng)位置

55、上。As I think back I realize how hard it is to view the world 31 the eyes of my childhood.32 child s mind is still filled with the idea that anything and everything is possible. They haven mental walls yet. Watch a child 33 (learn) to walk and it s amazing. No matter how many times they falldown, the

56、y hop back up 34 they instinctively know that eventually they ll be able to walk. They donhave to worry what 35 think. They have no need to put up a front( 講面子).They are who they are.But somewhere along the line they learn to be 36 (practice). Their creativity is blocked over time, asthe world 37 (t

57、each) them to fit in. Eventually they don t bounce back as fast when theyifail. Learningnow something you have to do 38 is very boring and unpleasant.You and I 39 tear down t hose walls that are closing in and start fresh. It s time to bring bacsense of joy and wonder. When you re setting your goals

58、 for the New Year, think like a child. Set your goals as if40,is possible.You must first set your goals if you are to accomplish anything in a big way. Goals give you a starting place and a destination. People 31 goals succeed because they know 32 they re goinJant yourdreams, nourish and begin to li

59、ve them.33 most important thing about a goal is having one.The first law of success is concentration. Bend 34 of your energies to one point, and go directly tothat point, looking neither to the right nor the left. Concentration is the magic key 35 opens the door toaccomplishment. Success is the resu

60、lt of well directed energy. You can, in time, become what you earnestly desire to be, if you set your face in the direction of the things you want and bring all your powers to bear towards its36, (attain). When your physical and mental resources 37 (focus), your power to solveproblems multiplies tre