建筑專業(yè)部分相關(guān)英語詞匯

1、- -建筑專業(yè)部分相關(guān)英語詞匯建筑類型類民用建筑civilarchitecture工業(yè)建筑industrialbuilding居住區(qū)residentialarea坡地住宅steppedhillsidehouse聯(lián)排住宅terracedhouse錯層式住宅split-levelhouse半獨(dú)立式住宅semi-detachedhouse公寓apartment,flat多層建筑multi-storeyblock高層建筑high-riseblock商業(yè)建筑businesspremises鄉(xiāng)土建筑vernaculararchitecture本土建筑，地域建筑localarchitecture綠色建筑gr

2、eenarchitecture基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施infrastructure設(shè)計過程類可行性研究feasibilitystudy進(jìn)度表timeschedule方案草圖preliminarysketch初步設(shè)計preliminarydesign施工設(shè)計finaldesign詳圖設(shè)計detaildesign圖紙drawing平面圖plan立面圖elevation東立面圖eastelevation南立面圖southelevation西立面圖westelevation北立面圖northelevation橫剖面crosssection縱剖面longitudinalsection軸測圖isometricview鳥瞰

3、圖birds-eyeview施工圖workingdrawing總體規(guī)劃圖masterplan索引圖key,keyplan現(xiàn)場質(zhì)量管理sitesupervision工程質(zhì)量管理projectsupervision驗收finalapproval建筑指標(biāo)類層高storyheight居住面積livingarea建筑占地面積coveredarea容積率plotratio覆蓋率coverage綠地率ratioofgreenspace人口密度populationdensity居住密度densityofsettlement建筑元素類走廊corridor,passage挑廊overhangingcorridor

4、檐廊eavescorridor回廊cloister涼廊loggia過街樓arcade門斗foyer閣樓attic陽臺balcony雨篷canopy自然層floor維護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)envelopenclosure圍護(hù)性幕墻enclosingcurtainwall裝飾性幕墻decorativefacedcurtainwall落地窗Frenchwindow百葉窗shutter,louverwindow起居室livingroom餐室diningroom廚房kitchen浴室bathroom淋浴shower單人臥室singlebedroom雙人臥室doublebedroom備餐室pantry- -洗衣間laun

5、dry貯藏室storeroom地下室basement半地下室semi-basement永久性頂蓋permanentcap螺旋樓梯spiralstaircase建筑結(jié)構(gòu)類梁beam,girder圈梁ringbeam簡支梁suspendedbeam懸臂梁cantileverbeam固端梁fixed-endbeam連續(xù)梁continuousbeam拱arch板slab,plate簡支板suspendedslab嵌固板fixed-edgeslab單向板one-wayslab雙向板two-wayslab肋形板ribbedslab井字形梁板groinedslab殼shell柱column墻wall承重墻l

6、oadbearingwall桁架truss框架framework排架bentframe剛架（剛構(gòu)）rigidframe樁pile板樁sheetpile結(jié)構(gòu)structure基礎(chǔ)foundation地基foundationsoil,subgrade,subbase木結(jié)構(gòu)timberstructure拱結(jié)構(gòu)archstructure鋼結(jié)構(gòu)steelstructure砌體結(jié)構(gòu)masonrystructure混凝土（砼）結(jié)構(gòu)concretestructure混合結(jié)構(gòu)mixedstructure板柱結(jié)構(gòu)slab-columnsystem框架結(jié)構(gòu)framestructure折板結(jié)構(gòu)folded-plate

7、structure殼體結(jié)構(gòu)shellstructure懸索結(jié)構(gòu)cable-suspendedstructure充氣結(jié)構(gòu)pneumaticstructure拉膜結(jié)構(gòu)tensilestructure剪力墻（結(jié)構(gòu)墻）結(jié)構(gòu)shearwallstructure框架-剪力墻結(jié)構(gòu)frame-shearwallstructure筒體結(jié)構(gòu)tubestructure懸掛結(jié)構(gòu)suspendedstructure擴(kuò)展（擴(kuò)大）基礎(chǔ)spreadfoundation剛性基礎(chǔ)rigidfoundation獨(dú)立基礎(chǔ)singlefooting聯(lián)合基礎(chǔ)combinedfooting條形基礎(chǔ)stripfoundation殼體基礎(chǔ)sh

8、ellfoundation箱形基礎(chǔ)boxfoundation筏形基礎(chǔ)raftfoundation樁基礎(chǔ)pilefoundation沉箱基礎(chǔ)caissonfoundation管柱基礎(chǔ)cylinderpilefoundation,cylindercaissonfoundation基床bed,bedding建筑構(gòu)造類壁紙wallpaper墻面磚walltile地面磚floortile勒腳，柱礎(chǔ)plinth踢腳skirting木踢腳timberskirting榫槽，地槽groove墻槽wallconduit墻基wallfooting踢腳skirting凹圓踢腳covedskirting凹形線腳sunk

9、moulding凹縫openjoint平縫buttjoint伸縮縫expansionandcontractionjoint沉降縫settlementjoint防震縫aseismicjoint- -變形縫deformationjoint施工縫constructionjoint防潮層moisturebarrier隔熱保溫層heatinsulation防水waterproofing防濕moistureproofing防潮dampproofing隔聲soundproofing外墻externalwall內(nèi)墻internalwall隔墻partitionwall女兒墻parapetwall踏面tread

10、踢面riser防滑條reeding欄桿railing扶手handrail排水溝drainageditch護(hù)坡slopeprotection,revetment擋土墻retainingwall屋面氈roofingfelt鋼筋reinforcingsteel涂料paint景觀設(shè)計類廣場square水景waterfeature圓形劇場，露天劇場amphitheatre兒童樂園childrensplayground羽毛球場badmintoncourt籃球場basketballcourt網(wǎng)球場tenniscourt停車場parkingarea屋頂花園roofgarden,greenroof涼亭pavil

11、ion花架pergola（比較：寶塔pagoda）行車道carriageway人行道sidewalk自行車道bicyclepath- #- #-建筑材料類鋼筋混凝土reinforcedconcrete現(xiàn)澆混凝土cast-in-situconcrete預(yù)制混凝土precastconcrete預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土prestressedconcrete加氣混凝土aeratedconcrete碎石混凝土rubbleconcrete清水混凝土exposedconcrete水泥cement石灰lime水泥砂漿cementmortar石灰砂漿limemortar石膏gypsum熟石膏plasterofParis砂sand礫石gravel磚brick空心砌塊hollowblock混凝土砌塊concreteblock木材timber瓦roofingtile國外建筑類多立克柱Doriccolumn愛奧尼亞柱Ioniccolumn科林斯柱Corinthiancolumn古典主義的classical新古典主義的neoclassical拜占庭Byzantine文藝復(fù)興renaissance帕拉迪奧母題