Unit 5（TOPIC TALK - LESSON 1） 詞匯課件-高中英語(yǔ)北師大版必修第二冊(cè)

1、版本：新北師 單元：必修二 Unit 5 (TOPIC TALK LESSON 1)單詞課堂have / gain an edge on / over 比占優(yōu)勢(shì)；勝過(guò)：I cant beat you at tennis, but I have / gain an edge on you in ping-pong. on the edge of 在邊緣；快要發(fā)生（尤指不好的事）：People seemed to be living on the edge of their nerves.on the edge of ones seat 極為激動(dòng)；異常興奮：The game had the cro

2、wd on the edge of their seats. vi & vt（使）徐徐移動(dòng)；給加邊邊緣edge（基本義）物體的“邊緣”優(yōu)勢(shì)優(yōu)于其他事物的“邊緣”刀等的“邊緣”邊；邊緣刀口；刃；利刃edge 語(yǔ)義網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖我有一個(gè)夢(mèng)想，夢(mèng)想這國(guó)家要高舉并履行其信條的真正涵義；我們信守這些不言自明的真理：人人生而平等。 馬丁路德金equal馬丁路德金（Martin Luther King, Jr, 1929 1968），美國(guó)牧師、社會(huì)活動(dòng)家、黑人民權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)領(lǐng)袖。我有一個(gè)夢(mèng)想（I have a dream）是馬丁路德金于1963年8月28日在華盛頓林肯紀(jì)念堂發(fā)表的著名演講，內(nèi)容主要關(guān)于黑人民族平等，對(duì)美國(guó)

3、甚至世界影響很大。 相同的；同樣的；相等的：equal in size / length / height = of equal size / length / height They believe that all work is of equal value. 平等的：All human beings are born equal. equal adj equal 語(yǔ)義網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖由物到人物與物之間人與人之間 相等的；同樣的；相同的（詞源義） 平等的 與相等 / 平等：The rent was equal to half his monthly income. 與同樣出色；比得上：The ar

4、chitecture here is equal to any in the world. 能勝任 (be up to)：He is equal to anything. 該詞塊在高考閱讀理解中多次出現(xiàn)be equal tobe equal to 語(yǔ)義網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖由具體到抽象 與相等 / 平等：（基本義）質(zhì)量上“與相等 / 平等”能力上“與相等 / 平等” 與同樣出色；比得上 能勝任vi & vt 等于；比得上：Three times nine equals twenty-seven. No one equals him in strength.n C 同等的人 / 物：Let x be the e

5、qual of y. When it comes to the art of war, ants have no equal. 2015 安徽詞匯拓展equality n U 相等；平等：equality between the sexes racial equality equally adv 相等地；同樣地；平等地：People are born equal and should be treated equally. 名詞動(dòng)詞化寫出下列句子中畫線詞的漢語(yǔ)釋義。1. Lots of people flooded into our town as their homes were washe

6、d away by floods. _2. It snowed heavily last night, and the ground was covered with thick snow. _3. Seeing her leaving in the heavy rain, I felt tears rain down my cheeks. _4. The morning was quite bright with no clouds in the sky, but it clouded over in the afternoon. _5. The river usually ices ove

7、r in December. But its dangerous to skate on it. _（洪水般地）涌進(jìn) 下雪雨點(diǎn)般落下布滿云 / 陰云密布英語(yǔ)中有很多名詞可轉(zhuǎn)化為動(dòng)詞，常表示具有該名詞的活動(dòng)特點(diǎn)或性質(zhì)特征的動(dòng)作。例如，表示自然現(xiàn)象的名詞?？赊D(zhuǎn)化為動(dòng)詞。結(jié)冰復(fù)合名詞說(shuō)出如下復(fù)合名詞的漢語(yǔ)釋義。wild + life wildlife n _land + slide landslide n _short + cut shortcut n _green + house greenhouse n _life + style lifestyle n _lap + top laptop n

8、_hair + style hairstyle n _guide + line guideline n _野生生物崩塌 / 滑坡捷徑 / 近路溫室 / 暖房生活方式筆記本電腦 / 便攜式電腦發(fā)型 / 發(fā)式指導(dǎo)方針 / 指導(dǎo)原則合成詞由兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的單詞組成，其釋義可以由兩個(gè)詞的釋義直接推斷出來(lái)。合成詞中合成名詞數(shù)量最多，在談?wù)撔掳l(fā)明或當(dāng)今社會(huì)的方方面面時(shí)尤為常用。observe福爾摩斯探案集(Adventure of Sherlock Holmes) 是英國(guó)作家阿瑟柯南道爾 (Arthur Conan Doyle)的著名作品?？履系罓栃≌f(shuō)的故事結(jié)構(gòu)、推理手法和奇巧的構(gòu)思都給該類題材的小說(shuō)樹立

9、了范本，他是當(dāng)之無(wú)愧的文學(xué)大師，他將偵探小說(shuō)推向了一個(gè)嶄新的時(shí)代。福爾摩斯探案全集可謂是開辟了偵探小說(shuō)歷史“黃金時(shí)代”的不朽經(jīng)典，風(fēng)靡全世界，是歷史上最受讀者推崇的偵探小說(shuō)。福爾摩斯探案集中福爾摩斯的名言： You see, but you do not observe. 你看到，但沒(méi)有觀察。 observe詞源解讀observe由ob- “向前（toward）” 和詞根 servare“保護(hù)（protect）”構(gòu)成。詞源義是“保持（to hold to）”，這也是它的基本義。 vt & vi 正式用語(yǔ) 觀察；觀測(cè)：observe the behaviour of birds Observe

10、carefully if any change occurs when doing experiments in the lab. vt 正式用語(yǔ) 察覺(jué)到；注意到:In homes with cats and dogs living peacefully, researchers observed a surprising behaviour. observe doing / do sthThe police officer observed him driving at 100 miles per hour. observe + that 從句:It was observed that su

11、ccessful people spent a lot more time reading than they did watching TV.強(qiáng)調(diào)保持看的過(guò)程；比watch正式強(qiáng)調(diào)保持看的結(jié)果；比realise正式感官動(dòng)詞 + 名詞 + do /doing vt 正式用語(yǔ) 說(shuō)；評(píng)論：He observed that it would probably rain. vt 遵守 / 奉行(法律、習(xí)俗等)：observe the law /the local customs vt 正式用語(yǔ) 舉行（儀式）；慶祝（節(jié)日）：Do you observe Christmas in your country

12、? 釋義 是低義頻釋義，但在近年高考閱讀和寫作中出現(xiàn)過(guò)，需注意。 保持observe基本義“保持”看“保持”法律、習(xí)俗等“保持”過(guò)節(jié)、舉辦儀式等動(dòng)作結(jié)果觀察；觀測(cè)察覺(jué)到；注意到遵守 / 奉行 (法律、習(xí)俗等)舉行（儀式）；慶祝 （節(jié)日）observe語(yǔ)義網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖得出結(jié)論說(shuō)；評(píng)論拓展observation n U & C 觀察observatory n C 天文臺(tái)；觀象臺(tái)；氣象臺(tái)observer n C 觀察者；觀察員觀察家報(bào)（The Observer）1791年創(chuàng)刊，是英國(guó)報(bào)紙，同時(shí)也是世界上創(chuàng)刊最早的星期日?qǐng)?bào)紙。抽象名詞由形容詞派生而來(lái)的抽象名詞叫作品質(zhì)抽象名詞；由動(dòng)詞派生而來(lái)的抽象名詞叫作行

13、為抽象名詞。寫出下列單詞的名詞形式。adj honest sincerebraveoriginalableimportantnvprepare exploreobservedisappearattemptprotectnsinceritybravery originality ability importance preparation exploration observation disappearance attempt protectionhonesty隨堂檢測(cè)一、寫出下列句子中shock的漢語(yǔ)釋義。1. It was such a shock when they announced

14、the winner was Cart. _2. The shock wave was felt even in my plane, several miles away from the harbor（港口）. _二、在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1. They will get _ shock when they get this bill.2. The parents were _ (shock) by the news that their son needed an operation on his knee.（2013 重慶）3. The _ (shock) n

15、ews made me realize what terrible problems we would face.（2011 北京）ashocked shocking 震驚shock 沖擊波escape一、寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語(yǔ)釋義。1. The air keeping the balloon up was escaping so quickly and the balloon was coming down. _ 2. As a child he would often escape into a dream world of his own. _3. Escape from this

16、 window and return to the main menu. _4. Can you smell an escape of gas? _泄露逃避退出泄露二、在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1. Time is something _ which we cant escape.2. Compared with the _ (escape) river, I am proud of what I did.（2014 湖北）3. He was lucky to escape _ (be) liked. 三、根據(jù)所給漢語(yǔ)，用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~塊完成下列句子。1. Although

17、he thought he could _（逃過(guò)注意）by sitting at the back, he was wrong.（2012 廣東）2. It was reported that two journalists _（死里逃生）in the air attack. fromescapedbeingescape attentionnarrowly escaped death / had a narrow escape一、寫出下列句子中survive的漢語(yǔ)釋義。_ 1. Of the six people injured in the crash, only two survived.

18、_ 2. Only one copy of the book still survives._ 3. Life is hard at the moment, but were surviving._ 4. He is survived by his wife and four children.幸存保存下來(lái)挺過(guò)來(lái) /熬過(guò)來(lái) /艱難度過(guò)survive比活得長(zhǎng)二、用survive的適當(dāng)形式完成下列句子。1. For a sudden heart failure（心臟衰竭）, the single best chance for _ is having someone nearby step in

19、and do CPR（心肺復(fù)蘇）quickly.（2017 北京）2. Officials said he was the only _ of the plane crash.3. He was the only man who _ after the explosion（爆炸）.三、根據(jù)所給漢語(yǔ)，用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~塊完成下列句子。1. The front passengers were lucky to _ （在車禍中幸免于難）.2. Having _（熬過(guò)那一夜）, we were confident that everything else would be all right.（2014 湖北

20、） survival / survivingsurvivor survived survive the car accident survived that nightedge寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語(yǔ)釋義。1. Dont put that glass so near the edge of the table. _ 2. He handed me a knife with a sharp edge. _3. Companies are employing more research teams to get an edge. _4. He edged closer to the telephone, ready to grab it. _5. The game had the crowd on the edge of their seats. _邊緣刀刃優(yōu)勢(shì)徐徐移動(dòng)興奮不已equal一、寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語(yǔ)釋義。1. Al