高考英語時(shí)文閱讀~Week13歷史地理~配答案

1、WEEK 13歷史地理（2）一、閱讀理解（共12小題；共24分）AIn 1815, Europes powers gathered in Vienna, Austria. This group, called the Congress of Vienna, ended up agreeing to an act which not only rearranged Europes borders, but also did a few other things, such as condemn the trade of slaves and ensure the neutrality（中立）of

2、 Switzerland. Switzerland has not been at war since.However, if Adolf Hitler had had his way, that would not have been the case.Hitler was not one to care much about agreements, and his ambition - total control of Europe, if not the world simply did not agree with the idea of a neighbor, neutral, si

3、tting on Germanys border. Even though the Swiss neutrality benefited Germany in some regardsfor example, by providing financial services to Nazis Hitler wanted to own Switzerland.Taking Switzerland, however, was a fools errand. The Swiss bumpy geographical features were not very conducive to invasio

4、n by tanks, which were some of Nazi Germanys strong points. On top of that, while Germany would have been able to take Switzerland, Switzerland was prepared to blow up much of its own infrastructure（ 基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施 ）if invaded. But when France surrendered to Germany on June 25, 1940, Hitlers focus switched to

5、 Germanys neighbors to the southwest, with Germany planning its Switzerland invasion that same day.By October, a plan, titled Operation Tannenbaum, had been set Germany would invade Switzerland with 11 divisions（ 幣）of troops with Italy providing additional support. In total, the proposed forces may

6、have numbered as many as 500,000 men.While Hitler was apparently interested in invading Switzerland, he never gave the go-ahead to invadeand we dont know the precise reason. There are many theories. Perhaps he was too busy focusing on other battles the final Operation Tannenbaum plan was completed a

7、round the same time when Germany lost the Battle of Britain, and just a few months before Hitler decided to invade the Soviet Union. Maybe others convinced Hitler that Swiss neutrality benefited Germany, or that the fact that the Swiss had 20% of the adult male population under arms meant that any i

8、nvasion would simply be too costly.Switzerland has not been at war for about.A. 100 yearsB. 150 yearsC. 200 yearsD. 300 yearsThe Congress of Vienna had the following results EXCEPT rearranging Europes borderscondemning the trade of slavesensuring the neutrality of Switzerlandallowing the freedom of

9、slavesWe can infer that Switzerland is probably A. mountainousB. flatC. vastD.sandyA. mountainousB. flatC. vastD.sandyWhat is the main idea of the last paragraph?How did the Tannenbaum plan come into being?Why was Hitler interested in invading Switzerland?Why didnt Hitler invade Switzerland in the e

10、nd?What battles was Hitler busy focusing on at that time?BThe English words The pen is mightier than the sword were first written by novelist and playwright Edward Bulwer-Lytton in 1839, in his historical play Cardinal Richelieu. Richelieu, chief minister to King Louis XIII, discovers a plot to kill

11、 him, but as a priest he is unable to take up arms against his enemies. He decides to defend himself by using his pen instead of a sword. In the play, Richelieu says, The pen is mightier than the sword; States can be saved without it! By the 1840s the saying had caught on in Britain due to the play.

12、 Today it is used in many languages, mostly translated from the English. The saying emphasizes that thinking and writing have more influence on people than the use of force or violence.But Bulwer-Lytton was not necessarily the first to express this thought. Robert Burton, in The Anatomy of Melanchol

13、y , published in the early 17th century, describes how bitter jokes and satire can cause distress and he suggests that A blow with a word strikes deeper than a blow with a sword was already, even in his day, an old saying. Going back further, the Greek poet Euripides, who died about 406 BC, is somet

14、imes quoted as writing The tongue is mightier than the blade.Napoleon is another who is said to have compared word and weapon. Four hostile newspapers are more to be feared than 1,000 bayonets（刺刀）,he is sometimes quoted as saying.However, its questionable whether these words did actually cross his l

15、ips, says Michael Broers, professor of Western European History at Oxford University but he says the remark definitely corresponds with Napoleons views.He respected the press and feared it too. He realized all his life the power of literature and the power of the press. When Napoleon came to power t

16、here were dozens of newspapers in France but he suppressed most of them, leaving just a handful of newspapers. He also realized that the pen, in his own hand could be a weapon, says Broers, He knew that he could undermine his opponents who had defeated him through his memoirs（回憶錄）and so he did.Who w

17、as the first person to write the saying The pen is mightier than the sword?A. Edward Bulwer-Lytton.B. Cardinal Richelieu.C. King Louis XIII.D. Robert Burton.We can infer that the historical play Cardinal Richelieu A. appealed to NapoleonB. was very popular thenC. became a great failureD. was a famou

18、s tragedyWhat do you learn about Euripides?He died in about 406 AD.He was known for poems.He was a native of England.He realized the power of blades.The underlined word suppressed is the closest in meaning to LA. promotedB. permittedC. bannedD. publishedCLocated halfway between the Equator and the N

19、orth Pole, Romania is the 12th largest country in Europe. Romanias terrain(地形)is almost evenly divided between mountains, hills and plains.Although not as high as the Alps, the Carpathian Mountains extend over 600 miles in Romania, in the shape of an arch. They are divided into three major ranges: t

20、he Eastern Carpathians, the Southern Carpathians, and the Western Carpathians. Each of these ranges features a variety of landscapes, due to the different types of terrain. Romanias mountains are a great destination for numerous outdoor activities including: climbing, hiking, biking and river-raftin

21、g. Some of the most popular ski resorts are Poiana Brasov, Sinaia, Predeal, Vatra Dornei, Lake Balea and Paltinis.The Romanian Black Sea Coast stretches a little over 150 miles. The Black Sea is a continental sea, with a low tide and salinity and water temperatures of 77-79 F in the summertime. Its

22、wide, sandy beaches facing east and south east become a major tourist attraction from May until September.98% of the Romanias rivers spring from the Carpathian Mountains. The main rivers in Romania are Mures, Prut, Olt, and Siret. Europes second longest river, the Danube, flows through southern Roma

23、nia forming part of the countrys frontier with Serbia, Bulgaria and Ukraine. Its blue waters run along 621 miles, from Bazias to the Black Sea. Virtually all of the countrys rivers are tributaries to the Danube, either directly or indirectly. The Danube is an important water route for domestic shipp

24、ing, as well as international trade and tourist cruises.There are around 3,500 lakes in Romania, most of them small or medium. The largest are the coastal lakes on the Black Sea shore, such as Razim (164 sq. miles) and Sinoe (66 sq. miles), or lakes along the Danube bank-Oltina(8.5 sq. miles); Brate

25、s (8.1 sq. miles). Worth mentioning are the glacial lakes in the Retezat Mountains: Zanoaga, the deepest lake in the country (95 feet) and Bucura, the largest (24.7 acres). Lake St. Ana, located in Ciomatu Mare Massif, near Tusnad is the only volcanic lake in Romania. The lake is solely fed by rain.

26、 Therefore, its waters are nearly as pure as distilled water.Poiana Brasov probably appeals to.A. skiersB. cyclistsC. hikersD. climbersTourists tend to visit the Romanian Black Sea Coast in A. JanuaryB. MarchC. JulyD. NovemberWhich of the following lakes is the largest?A. Razim.B. Sinoe.C. Oltina.D.

27、 Brates.Which of the following is the best title of the passage?The Brief Introduction to RomaniaThe Biological Features of RomaniaPopular Historical Attractions of RomaniaThe Geographical Features of Romania二、完形填空（共20小題；共30分）Geology is perhaps one of the most fascinating and important earth science

28、s. At its most basic level, geology is all about understanding the 13 we live in, how it evolved, and how it may 14 in the future.Understanding the earth in this way is of great 15 in several different areas. We can look at how to 16 our natural resources, such as mineral deposits and oil. Other stu

29、dies may help us 17 the biodiversity of our environment, and plan developments such as roads, and buildings, with any natural 18 factors, such as flooding and earthquake in mind. Studying natural phenomena also plays a big 19 in the geology field, whether its studying how earthquakes and glaciers ha

30、ve shaped the earth, looking at how 20 disasters such as Tsunamis（海嘯）occur, or looking at 21 such as global warming or climate change.There are many different fields of geology, each with its own 22 fields of work and value. Studying paleontology is key to understanding how organisms 23 and interact

31、 with each other. 24 you work in mineralogy, you may look at how 25 minerals were formed. Other fields include engineering geology, 26 plays a vital part in the planning of any man-made structure, and any hazards that may be 27 .The earth is changing all the time, but it only 28 a brief look at the

32、different fields of geology to make 29 of what a vital role geologists play in understanding how the world works. There may always be unanswered questions, but the work of geologist has made vital 30 in this field. Alfred Wegeners work in monitoring Arctic weather, and William Smiths first UK geolog

33、ical map, are just two 31 of work by well-known geologists, that helped 32 the way for further studies.In a word, studying geology helps us understand how the world works.13. A. planetB. plantC. villageD.city14. A. turnB. disappearC. changeD.live15. A. qualityB. sizeC. kindD.value16. A. catch sight

34、ofB. make the most ofC. take the place ofD. break away from17. A. protectB. preventC. experienceD. guard18. A. energyB. forestC. soilD.risk19. A. trickB. partC. gameD. joke20. A. nationalB. accidentalC. humanD.natural21. A. issuesB. activitiesC. outlinesD.views22. A. normalB. generalC. specificD.com

35、mon23. A. evolveB. surviveC. sleepD.live24. A. ThoughB. IfC. BecauseD.Until25. A. portableB. changeableC. flexibleD. valuable26. A. thatB. whoC. whichD. whose27. A. facedB. listedC. ignoredD. enjoyed28. A. paysB. costsC. takesD. charges29. A. funB. senseC. useD. hay30. A. peaceB. moneyC. progressD.

36、way31. A. itemsB. eventsC. incidentsD. examples32. A. paveB.pushC. loseD. wind三、短文7選5（5選5等）（共5小題；共10分）Have you ever seen dinosaur fossils at a museum? If so, you may have read about how the dinosaur bones turned into fossils. The same processes that formed these fossils also formed some of our most

37、important energy resources. These resources are called fossil fuels.33.As you might guess from their name, fossil fuels are made from fossils. Fossil fuels come from materials that began forming about 500 million years ago. As plants and animals died, their remains settled on the ground and at the b

38、ottom of bodies of water. 34.Eventually, allof these layers were buried deep enough that they were under an enormous mass of earth. The weight of the earth pressing down on these layers created intense heat and pressure. After millions of years of heat and pressure, the material in these layers turn

39、ed into chemicals called hydrocarbons（碳?xì)浠衔?）, which are made up of carbon and hydrogen. The hydrocarbons in these layers are what we call fossil fuels.The hydrocarbons could be solid, liquid, or gaseous. The solid form is what we know as coal. The liquid form is petroleum, or crude oil. We call the gaseous hydrocarbons natural gas. What determines wh