2022年考研考博-考博英語-湖南大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號41

1、住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語-湖南大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實際調(diào)整大小）題型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題This book should be well-recommended within the （ ）of anyone who has studied English for four years.問題1選項A.possessionB.competenceC.confidenceD.qualification【答案】D【解析】名詞辨析。句意: 應(yīng)向?qū)W過四年英語的人力薦這本書。possession:擁有，所有,個人財產(chǎn)。compe

2、tence:能力，勝任,本領(lǐng)。confidence: 信心。qualification:資格，條件。2.單選題Fuel scarcities and price increases （ ）automobile designers to scale down the largest models and to develop completely new lines of small cars and trucks.問題1選項A.persuadedB.promptedC.imposedD.enlightened【答案】B【解析】動詞辨析。句意: 燃油短缺和價格上漲 汽車設(shè)計者縮小大型汽車的研發(fā)，

3、轉(zhuǎn)而開發(fā)全新的小型汽車和卡車生產(chǎn)線。persuade:說服，勸說。prompt:促進,促使。impose:強加, 征稅,利用。enlighten:啟發(fā)，啟蒙，教導(dǎo)。因此B項符合句意。3.單選題Such questions should be approached honestly and in full awareness that （ ）loan agreements will cost money due to cancellation or other charges.問題1選項A.compressingB.terminatingC.conformingD.contending【答案】B

4、【解析】動詞辨析。句意: 這些問題應(yīng)該認真的探討，要充分意識到終止貸款協(xié)議及其他事項是要花成本的。compress (被)壓緊;精簡;濃縮;壓縮;壓縮(文件等) 。terminate (使)停止，結(jié)束，終止;到達終點站。conform順從，順應(yīng)(大多數(shù)人或社會);隨潮流;遵守。contend (尤指在爭論中)聲稱，主張，認為;競爭;爭奪。4.多選題多選題測試，請勿組卷到其他試卷當(dāng)中，題干內(nèi)容展示測試0.0問題1選項A.AB.BC.CD.D問題2選項A.EB.DC.CD.BE.A【答案】第1題:A、B、C第2題:B、C、D、E【解析】第1題:試題解析測試第2題:JIEXI5.單選題The noi

5、se of his loud voice （ ）what the girl was trying to tell us.問題1選項A.coveredB.suppressedC.drownedD.deadened【答案】C【解析】動詞辨析。句意: 他大聲喧嘩使得我們無法聽清楚女孩設(shè)法告訴我們什么。covert:隱藏的, 隱蔽的。suppress:抑制，鎮(zhèn)壓,控制。drown:淹沒,蓋沒。deaden: 減弱，緩和。故C項符合句意。6.單選題It is often claimed that nuclear energy is something we cannot do without. We l

6、ive in a consumer society where there is an enormous demand for commercial products of all kinds. Moreover, an increase in industrial production is considered to be one solution to the problem of mass unemployment. Such an increase presumes an abundant and cheap supply. Many people believe that nucl

7、ear energy provides an inexhaustible an economical source of power and that it is therefore essential for an industrially developing society. There are a number of other advantages in the use of nuclear energy. Firstly, nuclear power, except for accidents, is clean. A further advantage is that a nuc

8、lear power station can be run and maintained by relatively few technical and administrative staff. The nuclear reactor represents an enormous step in our scientific evolution and, whatever the anti-nuclear group says, it is wrong to expect a return to more primitive sources of fuel. However, opponen

9、ts of nuclear energy point out that nuclear power stations bring a direct threat not only to the environment but also to civil liberties. Furthermore, it is questionable whether ultimately nuclear power is a cheap source of energy. There have, for example, been very costly accidents in America, in B

10、ritain and, of course, in Russia.The possibility of increases in the cost of uranium in addition to the cost of greater safety provisions could price nuclear power out of market. In the long run, environmentalists argue, nuclear energy wastes valuable resources and disturbs the ecology to an extent

11、which could bring about the destruction of the human race. Thus if we wish to survive, we cannot afford nuclear energy. In spite of the case against nuclear energy outlined above, nuclear energy programmes are expanding. Such an expansion assumes a continual growth in industrial production and consu

12、mer demands. However, it is doubtful whether this growth will or can continue. Having weighed up the arguments on.Such an expansion assumes a continual growth in industrial production and consumer demands. However, it is a doubtful whether this growth will or can continue. Having weighed up the argu

13、ments on both sides, it seems there are good economic and ecological reasons for sources of energy other than nuclear power.1.The writers attitude toward nuclear energy is（ ） .2.According to the opponents of nuclear energy, which of the following is TRUE of nuclear energy?3.Some people claim that un

14、clear energy is essential because （ ）.4.Which of the following statements does the writer support?5.The function of the last sentence is（ ） .問題1選項A.indifferentB.tolerantC.favorableD.negative問題2選項A.PrimitiveB.CheapC.ExhaustibleD.Unsafe問題3選項A.it provides a perfect solution to mass unemploymentB.it rep

15、resents an enormous step forward in our scientific evolutionC.it can meet the growing demand of an industrially developing societyD.nuclear power stations can be run and maintained by relatively few technical and administrative staff問題4選項A.The demand for commercial products will not necessarily keep

16、 increasing.B.Nuclear energy is something we cannot do without.C.Uranium is a good source of energy for economic and ecological reasons.D.Grater safety provisions can bring about the expansion of nuclear energy programmes.問題5選項A.advance the final argumentB.reflect the writers attitudeC.reverse previ

17、ously expressed thoughtsD.show the disadvantages of nuclear power【答案】第1題:B第2題:D第3題:C第4題:A第5題:B【解析】1.態(tài)度方向。作者在第一段引出了大眾觀點, 后面再否定。而且最后一段指出: Having weighed up the arguments on both sides, it seems there are good economic and ecological reasons for sources of energy other than nuclear power(權(quán)衡利弊 后我們有理由認為應(yīng)

18、該選擇使用核能以外的其他能源)。因此作者對于核能的態(tài)度是否定的。2.細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞opponents of nuclear energy定位至第一段倒數(shù)第三句: 但是，核能的反對者們指出，核電站不僅僅給環(huán)境，而且是給全民的自由帶來了直接的威脅。因此, 核能反對者認為核能不安全。3.細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位至第一段, 第一句就指出: 有人認為核能必不可少，緊接著給出了原因: 工業(yè)持續(xù)發(fā)展的社會對便宜的能源有不斷增長的需求，而核能可以滿足這一需求。故選C。4.細節(jié)題。倒數(shù)第二句表明: Such an expansion assumes a continual growth in industr

19、ial production and consumer demands. However, it is doubtful whether this growth will or can continue (這種擴張表現(xiàn)為工業(yè)生產(chǎn)和消費者需求正在不斷的增長。但是，這種增長會不會，或者說能不能持續(xù)，是值得懷疑的)。即作者認為它不一定會增長。5.態(tài)度方向題。最后一句是表明了作者對核能的態(tài)度。7.單選題Western states were the first to give women the vote. Between 1869 and the outbreak of World War I，se

20、venteen states west of the Mississippi gave women the right to vote in state elections and Representatives. It was not until 1920 that the Federal Government under pressure by suffragettes (women insisting on their right to vote), following the states lead and permitted women to take part in nationa

21、l elections for Congresswomen and the President.Women have made great strides since then in achieving political equality. Recently, American feminists have been working hard to achieve social and economic equality as well as political. Their belief is that, as there is nothing that women cannot do j

22、ust as men, they should be shown the same respect and have the same social rights and the same pay as their male counterparts. Anything less is discrimination and sexism.Few American girls agree with the extreme feminists who deride marriage and romantic love, but more and more of them are prepared

23、to live with a man outside marriage, often saved enough money. Young couples today share both the household chores and care of the baby.The old generations, especially those that live in the city suburbs, are bewildered and disturbed by this trend. It is all against the great American tradition of t

24、he “home” as the symbol of the unified family.The American woman makes the most of her free time. She helps with political campaigns. She sits on committees. She goes to classes of all kinds, from health foods to English literature, from environmental studies to karate. She swims, plays tennis, and

25、she takes an active interest in her childrens education. In most of these activities her companions are other housewives from her neighborhood.There are women executives of some important industries and businesses. In fact there are women in most jobs which were formerly reserved for men. There are

26、women lawyers, doctors, architects, as well as women bus drivers, but the ordinary working women will earn less than a man gets for doing the same jobalthough there is a law which makes this illegal. American girls tend to marry young, which means that 60% of the women in work are married. This also

27、 helps to explain why so many young married couples have such a high standard of living.American women seem to have more self-confidence than women from most other countries. For years they have felt no inferiority whatsoever to the male sex. Therefore visitors to the USA rarely meet militant femini

28、sts.1.When were the American women first given right to vote in national elections?2.American feminists believe that women（ ） .3.What attitude do the American women have towards marriage according to the passage?4.During their free-time, American women are usually engaged in （ ）.5. Which of the foll

29、owing can be the best title of this passage?問題1選項A.In 1869B.During World War IC.In 1920D.In recent years問題2選項A.have made great progress in obtaining both political and social equalityB.have achieved both social and economical equalityC.have not got enough social and economical equality as well as po

30、litical oneD.have not had the same self-confidence as the men have問題3選項A.Most of them still believe in marriage and romantic loveB.Their marriage should be able to bring them money and home.C.Extreme feminists are ready to live with a man outside marriageD.The younger generations of women prefer to

31、have a unified family問題4選項A.helping with political movementsB.learning how to fight to protect themselvesC.doing housework and taking care of childrenD.both A and B問題5選項A.American FeministsB.American Women and Their Struggle for EqualityC.American GirlsD.Women and Rights【答案】第1題:C第2題:C第3題:A第4題:D第5題:B

32、【解析】1.細節(jié)事實。第一段中提出直到1920年女性取得了議會和總統(tǒng)選舉的投票權(quán)，故選C。2.細節(jié)事實。第二段: they should be shown the same respect and have the same social rights and the same pay as their male counterparts(他們應(yīng)該受到同樣的尊重，享有同樣的社會權(quán)利，和他們的男性同事一樣的待遇)。故選C:美國女權(quán)主義者認為她們沒有足夠的社會經(jīng)濟平等和政治平等。3.判斷推理。第三段第一句提出很少的美國女孩不贊成女權(quán)主義者嘲笑婚姻和戀愛。故選A。4.細節(jié)事實。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位至第

33、五段: She helps with political campaigns. She sits on committees,故選D。5.主旨大意題。全文主要介紹了美國婦女維護自己的權(quán)利和公平。8.單選題The heat in summer is no less（ ） here in this mountain region.問題1選項A.concentratedB.extensiveC.intenseD.intensive【答案】C【解析】形容詞辨析。句意: 夏天這個山區(qū)一樣炎熱。Concentrated集中的; extensive廣闊的, 廣泛的; intense強烈的,多用于形容表達感情

34、或感受的強度; intensive加強的,常用于短時間內(nèi)為達到某個目的而高強度地做某事。故選C。9.單選題The multi-billion-dollar Western pop music industiy is under fire. It is being blamed by the United Nations for the dramatic rise in drug abuse worldwide. “The most worrisome development is a culture of drug-friendliness that seems to be gaining p

35、rominence，” said the UNs 13-member International Narcotics Control Board in a report released in late February 1998.The 74study says that pop music, as a global industry, is by far the most influential trend-setter for young people of most cultures. “Some lyrics advocate the smoking of marijuana(大麻)

36、or taking other drugs, and certain pop stars make statements and set examples as if the use of drugs for non-medicinal purposes were a normal and acceptable part of a persons lifestyle,” the study says.Surprisingly, says the Board, the effect of drug-friendly pop music seems to survive despite the o

37、ccasional shock of death by overdose. “Such incidents tend to be seen as an occasion to mourn the loss of a role model, and not an opportunity to confront the deadly effect of recreational drug use，” it notes. Since the 1970s, several internationally famous singers and movie starsincluding Elivis Pr

38、esley, Janice Joplin, John Belushi, Jimi Hendrix, Jonathan Melvin and Andy Gibbs-have died of either drug abuse or drug related illnesses. With the globalization of popular music, messages tolerating or promoting drug abuse are now reaching beyond their countries of origin. “In most countries, the n

39、ames of certain pop stars have become familiar to the members of every household,” the study says.The UN study also blames the media for its description of certain drug issues-especially the use of marijuana and issues of liberalization and legalization, which encourages, rather than prevents, drug

40、abuse. “Over the last years, we have seen how drug abuse is increasingly regarded as being acceptable or even attractive,” says Hamid Ghodse, president of the Board. “Powerful pressure groups run political campaigns aimed at legalizing controlled drugs，” he says. Ghodse also points out that all thes

41、e developments have created an environment which is tolerant of or even favorable to drug abuse and spoils international drug prevention efforts currently underway.The present study, he says, focuses on the issue of demand reduction and prevention within an environment that has become tolerant of dr

42、ug abuse. The Board calls on governments to do their legal and moral duties, and to act against the pro-drug messages of the youth culture to which young people increasingly are being exposed.1.Which of the following statements does the author tend to agree with?2.The italicized phrase “under fire (

43、Par. 1, sentence 1) means（ ） .3.Under the influence of drug-friendly pop music, what might the youth think of the death of some pop stars caused by overdose?4.Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage as a factor that has contributed to creating an environment tolerant of or even favora

44、ble to drug abuse?5.The pop music （ ）.問題1選項A.The use of drugs for non-medicinal purposes is an acceptable part of a persons life style.B.The spreading of pop music may cause the drug abuse to go beyond the boundaries of the country.C.No efforts have been made to prevent the spreading of drug abuse.D

45、.The governments have no ability to act against the pro-drug messages of the youth culture.問題2選項A.in an urgent situationB.facing some problemsC.being criticizedD.quite popular m問題3選項A.They tend to mourn the pop stars as role models.B.They are shocked to know even pop stars may abuse drugs.C.They try

46、 to confront the deadly effect of “recreational” drug use.D.They may stop abusing the drugs.問題4選項A.The spreading of pop music.B.The media.C.The low price of some drugs.D.Political campaigns run by powerful pressure groups.問題5選項A.has a great influence on young people of most culturesB.only appeals to

47、 a small number of young people.C.is not a profitable industry.D.is the only culprit responsible for drug abuse.【答案】第1題:C第2題:C第3題:A第4題:C第5題:A【解析】1.細節(jié)題。第三段：.messages tolerating or promoting drug abuse are now reaching beyond their countries of origin容忍或推動吸毒的資訊也超出了原來的國界。故選C(沒有采取措施防止藥物濫用的蔓延)。2.語義題。此句后面

48、緊接著說: It is being blamed by the United Nations (受到聯(lián)合國的譴責(zé)), 由此推測under fire意為 “受到嚴厲批評，遭到攻擊”。3.細節(jié)題。第三段：Such incidents tend to be seen as an occasion to mourn the loss of a role model, and not an opportunity to confront the deadly effect ofrecreationaldrug use (這類事件往往只讓人哀悼失去榜樣，而不讓人正視“娛樂性”吸毒的致命后果)。故選A。4.

49、細節(jié)題。題干問的是:下列哪個選項不是有助于創(chuàng)造一個包容的甚至有利于藥物濫用的環(huán)境的因素？A項(流行音樂的傳播)顯然是原因之一。第四段：The UN study also blames the media for its description of certain drug：聯(lián)合國的研究也譴責(zé)媒體對流行音樂圈藥物濫用現(xiàn)象過多報道，B正確。第四段：.Powerful pressure groups run political campaigns aimed at legalizing controlled drugs：許多有實力的集團開始發(fā)起政治運動，來使得被控制的藥品合法化。D正確。只有C項未

50、被提及。5.細節(jié)題。第二段：.pop music, as a global industry, is by far the most influential trend-setter for young people of most cultures(作為全球性產(chǎn)業(yè)，流行音樂是大部分青年文化局潮流具影響力的引導(dǎo)者), 故A正確。10.單選題By about A.D. 500 the Mound Builder （筑堤人）culture was declining, perhaps because of attacks from other tribes or perhaps because o

51、f severe climatic changes that undermined agriculture. To the west another culture, based on intensive agriculture, was beginning to flourish. Its center was beneath present-day St. Louis, and it radiated out to encompass most of the Mississippi watershed, from Wisconsin to Louisians and from Oklaho

52、ma to Tennessee. Thousands of villages were included in its orbit. By about A.D. 700 this Mississippian culture, as is known to archaeologists, began to send its influence eastward to transform the life of most of the less technologically advanced woodland tribes. Like the Mound Builders of the Ohio

53、 region, these tribes, probably influenced by Meso-American cultures through trade and warfare, built gigantic mounds as burial and ceremonial places. The largest of them, rising in four terraces to a height of one hundred feet, has a rectangular base of nearly fifteen acres, larger than that of the

54、 Great Pyramid of Egypt. Built between A.D. 900 and 1100 this huge earthwork faces the site of a palisaded （用柵圍護）Indian city which contained more than one hundred small artificial mounds marking burial sites. Spread among them was a vast settlement containing some 30 000 people by current estimation

55、s. The finely crafted ornaments and tools recovered at Cahokia, as this center of Mississippi culture is called, include elaborate ceramics （陶器）finely sculpted stonework, carefully embossed and engraved copper and mica （云母）sheets, and one funeral blanket fashioned from 12 000 shell beads. They indic

56、ate that Cahokia was a true urban center, with clustered housing, markets, and specialists in tool making, hide-dressing, potting, jewelry-making, weaving, and salt-making.1.What is the main topic of the passage?2.The paragraph preceding this one most probably discussed （ ）.3.In relation to the Miss

57、issippian culture, the Mound Builder culture waslocated （ ）.4.The Mississippian culture influenced the culture of the（ ）5.According to the passage, the mounds were used as （ ）.問題1選項A.The Mississippian culture.B.The decline of Mound Builder culture.C.The architecture of Meso-American Indians.D.The ea

58、stern woodlands tribes.問題2選項A.the Mound Builder cultureB.warfare in AD500C.the geography of the Mississippi areaD.agriculture near the Mississippi River問題3選項A.in essentially the same areaB.farther south along the watershedC.to the eastD.to the west問題4選項A.eastern woodland tribesB.Mound BuildersC.Meso

59、-AmericansD.Egyptians問題5選項A.palaces for the royal familiesB.fortresses for defenseC.centers for conducting tradeD.places for burying the dead【答案】第1題:A第2題:A第3題:C第4題:A第5題:D【解析】1.主旨大意題。作者以時間為軸線介紹了密西西比文化。2.推斷題。第一句為: By about A.D. 500 the Mound Builder（筑堤人）culture was declining, 緊接著這種文化衰退的兩個可能性的 因素，進而又講述

60、了另一種文化的繁榮。因此推測上一段應(yīng)該是關(guān)于the Mound Builder culture。3.細節(jié)題。文章介紹完筑堤人文化之后接著說到To the west anotherculture/因此可以得知密西西比文化位于筑堤人文化的西邊。4.細節(jié)題。文章指出: began to send its influence eastward to transform the life of most of the less technologically advanced woodland tribes(密西西比文化開始向東影響大多數(shù)技術(shù)落后的林地部落的生活)。5.細節(jié)題。文章指出: built g