考研考博-英語(yǔ)-天津理工大學(xué)中環(huán)信息學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇1

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-天津理工大學(xué)中環(huán)信息學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Asthemanagerwasawayonabusinesstrip,Iwasaskedto（

）theweeklystaffmeeting.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.preside

B.introduce

C.chair

D.dominate

【答案】C

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析。句意:因?yàn)榻?jīng)理在外出差，我被要求一周一次的員工會(huì)議。

preside主持，擔(dān)任會(huì)議主席,后面一般接介詞over;introduce介紹；chair擔(dān)任會(huì)議的主持;dominate控制；支配,故選C。

2.翻譯題

Directions:TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish.WriteyourtranslationontheAnswerSheet.

中國(guó)式問(wèn)候

吃飯時(shí)間，“你吃了嗎？”是中國(guó)人最常用的問(wèn)候語(yǔ)。不理解這種風(fēng)俗的外國(guó)人會(huì)認(rèn)為這是在邀請(qǐng)一起吃飯。但是，這僅僅是簡(jiǎn)單的問(wèn)候，不是真的在發(fā)出邀請(qǐng)，所以可以回答“吃了，我吃過(guò)了?！被蛘哒f(shuō)“沒(méi)有，我還沒(méi)吃?！背恕澳愠粤藛?”，中文中還有其他打招呼的方式，比如說(shuō)“去哪兒？”、“忙嗎？”、“干什么呢？”、“去上班？”等等。我們可以發(fā)現(xiàn)中國(guó)人問(wèn)候的時(shí)候喜歡問(wèn)別人在做什么，做了什么，要做什么。

【答案】Chinesegreeting

“Haveyoueaten?”isacommongreetingamongChinesewhenitisthetimeforameal.Foreignerswhodonotunderstandthiskindofcustommightregardthisasaninvitationtohaveamealtogether.However,thisisjustasimplegreeting,notarealinvitation,socanreplywith“Yes,Ihaveeaten.”or“No,notyet.”Inadditionto“Haveyoueaten?”,therearemanyotherexpressionsforsayinghelloinChinese,like“Whereareyougoing?”,“Areyoubusy?”,“Whatareyoudoing?”,“Areyougoingtowork?”,etc.WecanfindthatwhenChinesepeoplegreeteachother,theyliketoaskaboutthethingsothersaredoing,justdidoraregoingtodo.

3.單選題

Inaddition,findingsrevealthatmalesreceivemoreteacherattentionthanfemales,boysreceivemorespecificcommentsabouttheiracademicperformance,[A]thattherearedifferences[B]favoringmalesintaskassignment,in[C]teacher’sexpectationofstudent’sbehaviorbasedongender,aswellasinsuchareasasoverallcurriculumdesign,classroomactivities,andeducationaltracking(particularlyinmath,science,vocationalcourses,[D]andextracurricularactivities).

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.thattherearedifferences

B.favoringmalesin

C.teacher’sexpectationofstudent’sbehavior

D.andextracurricularactivities

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。表示某方面有區(qū)別時(shí)，應(yīng)使用therearedifferencesin…，B和C選項(xiàng)應(yīng)為并列關(guān)系，B選項(xiàng)前少了一個(gè)in。

4.翻譯題

SpaceXwillsendaspacesuit-cladcrashtestdummytotheInternationalSpaceStationaspartofatrialflightforitsCrewDragonspacecraft.Themissionwilltakeplaceon2MarchandwillalsodeliversuppliestocrewaboardtheISS.Anarrayofsensorsbuiltintothemannequin'ssuitwillhelpprovidekeydataaheadofthefirsthumanpassengersgoingaboardthecapsulelaterthisyear.

Mr.MuskrevealedthecostofatickettoMarsonboardaSpaceXflightwouldbelessthan$100,000.Takingquestionsonsocialmedia,hewrote:"I'mconfidentmovingtoMars(returnticketisfree)willonedaycostlessthan$500kormaybeevenbelow$100k.LowenoughthatmostpeopleinadvancedeconomiescouldselltheirhomeonEarthandmovetoMarsiftheywant."

SectionATranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese.

【答案】

SpaceX公司將把一個(gè)穿著航天服的撞擊試驗(yàn)人體模型送往國(guó)際空間站，這也是其CrewDragon載人宇宙飛船試飛任務(wù)的一部分。這次任務(wù)將于3月2日進(jìn)行，并將向國(guó)際空間站的宇航員運(yùn)送物資。該人體模型所穿的太空服上安裝了大量的傳感器。今年晚些時(shí)候，在第一批人類旅客將登上太空艙之前，這些傳感器將有助于提供重要數(shù)據(jù)。

馬斯克先生透露，乘坐SpaceX宇宙飛船前往火星的票價(jià)可能會(huì)低于10萬(wàn)美元。他在社交媒體上接受了人們的提問(wèn)，并寫(xiě)道：“我確信，將來(lái)有一天搬去火星（返程票是免費(fèi)的）的票價(jià)會(huì)低于50萬(wàn)美元，甚至可能會(huì)低于10萬(wàn)美元。這個(gè)票價(jià)足夠低了，發(fā)達(dá)經(jīng)濟(jì)體的多數(shù)人都可以賣(mài)掉他們?cè)诘厍蛏系姆孔?，搬去火星，如果他們?cè)敢獾脑??！?/p>

5.單選題

Shealwayshandledtheproblems（）herownexperienceandprinciples.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.inthelightof

B.intheeventof

C.inthefaceof

D.inthecourseof

【答案】A

【解析】介詞詞組辨析。inthelightof根據(jù)，按照；intheeventof如果……發(fā)生；inthefaceof面臨，面對(duì)；inthecourseof在……過(guò)程中。句意：她總是根據(jù)自己的經(jīng)驗(yàn)和原則來(lái)處理問(wèn)題。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

6.單選題

_______sleepiscrucialtothehealthofadults,newresearchsuggeststhatlackofsleepmayaffectteens’health,too.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Justas

B.Aslongas

C.Despitethat

D.Nomatterhow

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配辨析。A選項(xiàng)Justas“正像”；B選項(xiàng)Aslongas“只要”；C選項(xiàng)Despitethat“盡管”；D選項(xiàng)Nomatterhow“不管怎樣”。句意：_______睡眠對(duì)成年人的健康至關(guān)重要，新的研究表明，睡眠不足也可能影響青少年的健康。根據(jù)too可知睡眠不足會(huì)同時(shí)影響青少年和成年人，所以Justas“正像”讓句子通順，符合題意。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

Thisisafarfrom（）book—itisarichmixofpleasuresandinformation,andisfullofsurprises.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.solemn

B.solid

C.solitary

D.sophisticated

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。solemn“莊嚴(yán)的，嚴(yán)肅的”；solid“固體的，可靠的”；solitary“孤獨(dú)的，獨(dú)居的”；sophisticated“復(fù)雜的，久經(jīng)世故的”。句意：這完全不是一本嚴(yán)肅的書(shū)——充滿趣味，信息豐富還有各種驚喜。根據(jù)破折號(hào)后面的句意可知，選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

8.單選題

Theenterpriseintroducedanincentivebonusforhighproductivity.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.motive

B.initiative

C.encouragement

D.entertainment

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)句意：企業(yè)為了提高生產(chǎn)力引進(jìn)了……獎(jiǎng)金。incentive意為“刺激，激勵(lì)的”。A選項(xiàng)motive“動(dòng)機(jī)，目的”；B選項(xiàng)initiative“主動(dòng)權(quán)，首創(chuàng)精神”；C選項(xiàng)encouragement“鼓勵(lì)，激勵(lì)”；D選項(xiàng)entertainment“娛樂(lè)，消遣，款待”。選項(xiàng)C符合語(yǔ)境。

9.單選題

Don’trun（

）theideathatScotsmenaremean.Theyjustdon’tlikewastingmoney.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.infor

B.into

C.awayfrom

D.awaywith

【答案】D

【解析】句意:不要輕率地下結(jié)論說(shuō)蘇格蘭人很吝嗇。他們只是不想浪費(fèi)錢(qián)。

考查固定搭配。runawaywiththeidea輕易接受（意見(jiàn)、看法等）。

10.單選題

Itwasafoolishquestiontoask.It（1）moresenseformetohavelearnedifshehad

（2）

orapointofview,butitwas

（3）

forthatnowandIsupposedthatthe

（4）

RelationOfficehad

（5）

herbeforegrantingtheinterview.Ididn’thavetimetoread

（6）

piecesaboutcorporaterainmakersandtheirgoldenparachutesorwomenatamidtownlawfirm

（7）

sixtimesmysalarybutwhiningaboutbreakingthe

（8）

,ceiling.

“Won’twasteyourtime,”she（9）.“ifthedetailsonyour

（10）

areaccurateandthearticlesLaura

（11）

mehavecorrectbackground,wewon’thaveto

（12）that.”I

（13）

.inapproval.Shewasobviouslya

（14）

,andanintelligentone

（15）

.Itwasalways

（16）

tositfora

（17）

whenthequestionerspentthefirsthouraskingwhatschoolsIhad

（18）

,howlong

（19）

,andwhetherIlikedmyjob.“Isitallright（20）youifwestartwithsomeinformationabouttheSexCrimesProsecutionUnit?”

“I’dlikethat,"Ireplied.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.made

B.wouldmake

C.wouldhavemade

D.wouldbe

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.afishtofry

B.anuttocrack

C.asongtosing

D.anaxetogrind

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.stilllate

B.toolate

C.solate

D.past

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Common

B.Financial

C.Local

D.Public

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.vetted

B.called

C.connectedwith

D.contactedwith

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.rushed

B.windy

C.puff

D.blowing

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.taking

B.making

C.slavingfor

D.osing

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.plastered

B.glass

C.fragile

D.limited

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.rambled

B.carriedon

C.lectured

D.wenton

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.application

B.curriculumvitae

C.report

D.folder

問(wèn)題11選項(xiàng)

A.phoned

B.faxed

C.hadphoned

D.hadfaxed

問(wèn)題12選項(xiàng)

A.repaint

B.remix

C.rewrite

D.rehash

問(wèn)題13選項(xiàng)

A.trembled

B.grimaced

C.smiled

D.winked

問(wèn)題14選項(xiàng)

A.girl

B.pro

C.tyro

D.mogul

問(wèn)題15選項(xiàng)

A.atthat

B.atthis

C.toreboot

D.added

問(wèn)題16選項(xiàng)

A.agreeable

B.instructive

C.impatient

D.aggravating

問(wèn)題17選項(xiàng)

A.photo

B.portrait

C.profile

D.sketch

問(wèn)題18選項(xiàng)

A.attended

B.matriculated

C.enrolled

D.preferred

問(wèn)題19選項(xiàng)

A.Ihadworked

B.didIwork

C.wasIworking

D.wouldIworked

問(wèn)題20選項(xiàng)

A.for

B.to

C.accordingto

D.with

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:A

第6題:C

第7題:B

第8題:B

第9題:D

第10題:B

第11題:B

第12題:D

第13題:C

第14題:B

第15題:A

第16題:D

第17題:C

第18題:A

第19題:A

第20題:D

【解析】（1）考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。本題考查的是帶if的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，從前一句itwasfoolishquestiontoask可以推斷出考查的是與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，因此主句的動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用would+havedone形式，所以選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

（2）考查邏輯關(guān)系?？崭窈竺娴膬?nèi)容是“或一種觀點(diǎn)”（orapointofview），由此可推測(cè)空格處應(yīng)該是對(duì)應(yīng)的“有不同意見(jiàn)”，因此選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

（3）考查固定搭配。Itistoolateforsth.“對(duì)某事而言太遲”，因此，選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

（4）考查固定搭配?？崭裉幒竺嫣岬搅恕霸试S這次采訪”（grantingtheinterview）PublicRelationOffice“公共關(guān)系辦事處”為固定搭配，選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

（5）考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。Vet“審查；診療”；call“呼叫，稱呼，召集”；connectwith“連接，與……聯(lián)系”；contactwith“與……聯(lián)系”?？崭裉幩诰渥拥拇笠馐牵何也聹y(cè)公共關(guān)系辦事處在允許面試前對(duì)她進(jìn)行了審查。因此選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

（6）考查固定搭配。puffpieces“吹捧文章”符合情境。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

（7）考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。take“采取”；make“使得；準(zhǔn)備；制造”；slavefor“為……苦干”；lose“浪費(fèi)；失去”?？崭窈髎ixtimessalary可知此處說(shuō)的是賺六倍工資，因此選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

（8）考查固定搭配。glassceiling指在公司或企業(yè)中，限制某些人口群體晉升職位的障礙。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

（9）考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。Ramble“漫步；閑逛”；carryon“參與;繼續(xù)”；lecture“講課”；goon“繼續(xù)”。根據(jù)上下文情境，可知空格處是“繼續(xù)說(shuō)道”，選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

（10）考查邏輯關(guān)系。application“申請(qǐng)”；curriculumvitae“簡(jiǎn)歷”；report“報(bào)告”；folder“文件夾”。根據(jù)第一段提到的“grantingtheinterview”（允許這次面試）可知空格處應(yīng)填入“簡(jiǎn)歷”這個(gè)單詞，因此選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

（11）考查邏輯關(guān)系?？崭裉巹?dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)是article,因此可以排除選項(xiàng)A與C。fax是費(fèi)延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，因此不能用完成時(shí)，所以選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

（12）考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。repaint“重畫(huà)，重新繪制”；remix“使混合”；rewrite“重寫(xiě)，改寫(xiě)”；rehash“重新處理”?？崭裉幩诰渥拥拇笠馐牵喝绻愫?jiǎn)歷上的細(xì)節(jié)和羅拉傳真給我的文章都是真的，我們將不會(huì)重新處理。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

（13）考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。tremble“發(fā)抖”；grimace“扮鬼臉”；smile“微笑”；wink“眨眼”。在面試這種正式的場(chǎng)合中，面試者一邊會(huì)微笑認(rèn)同面試官的說(shuō)法，因此選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

（14）考查名詞詞義辨析。girl“女孩”；pro“職業(yè)選手”；tyro“新手”；mogul“有權(quán)勢(shì)的人”?？崭窈蟮摹癮nintelligentone”說(shuō)明這個(gè)面試者是個(gè)聰明的人，那能力自然也不言而喻，選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

（15）考查固定搭配。根據(jù)上題可知該面試者非常有能力，并且聰慧，二者存在遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，選項(xiàng)Aatthat“而且”符合題意。

（16）考查形容詞詞義辨析。agreeable“令人愉快的”；instructive“有益的”；impatient“沒(méi)有耐心的”；aggravating“加重的；令人惱怒的”。從后文可以看出對(duì)于面試官花了一個(gè)小時(shí)的時(shí)間來(lái)問(wèn)一些繁瑣的事情讓人惱怒，因此選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

（17）考查名詞詞義辨析。photo“照片”;portrait“肖像;描寫(xiě)”;profile“外形；人物簡(jiǎn)介”；sketch“索描；梗概”。從空格處后面的內(nèi)容可以得知面試官是在詢問(wèn)面試者的履歷，因此選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

（18）考查固定搭配。面試時(shí)，面試官會(huì)問(wèn)面試者上學(xué)的學(xué)校，attendschool為固定搭配，選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

（19）考查邏輯關(guān)系?？崭袂笆褂玫氖沁^(guò)去完成時(shí)，此處與前面是并列結(jié)構(gòu)，因此也應(yīng)該使用過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)，因此選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

（20）考查固定搭配。Beallrightwithsb.“對(duì)某人而言是可以的”，選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

11.單選題

Thekitchenwassmalland（）sothatthedisabledcouldreacheverythingwithoutdifficulty.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.conventional

B.compact

C.compatible

D.concise

【答案】B

【解析】conventional傳統(tǒng)的,習(xí)用的,平常的;compact緊湊的,簡(jiǎn)潔的;compatible協(xié)調(diào)的；concise簡(jiǎn)明的,簡(jiǎn)約的。句意：這間廚房小巧緊湊,殘疾人可以很方便的夠到所有的東西。

12.單選題

NewChinesefirstladyPengLiyuan’schoiceofattirehassparkedaflurryofexcitementoveranindependenthomegrownlabel,anunusualphenomenoninacountrywherepoliticalfiguresaremorefrumpythanfashionableandwivesusuallyshyawayfromthespotlight.

ImagesofPeng,50,steppingoffaplanearm-in-armwithherhusbandPresidentXiJinpinginMoscowonFridayhavecirculatedwidelyontheChineseInternet,promptingpraiseofherstyleasunderstatedandsophisticated.

Eagle-eyedfashion-savvybloggersidentifiedtheleatherhandbagshecarriedandsmart,double-breastedblacktrenchcoatsheworeasitemsdesignedbyGuangzhou-basedlabelException.ThebrandhasbeendescribedasoneofChina’sleadingindependentlabelswhosesimplebutuniquedesignsstandoutinanindustrydominatedbyWesterncopycats.

“Firstladiesareambassadorsofthecultureandthedesignandofthesoftpowerofacountry.I’mgladthatshechosetowearChineseandtakeupthatroleofspokespersonforChinesedesignhere,”saidHongHuang,publisherofthefashionmagazineLookandoneofthemostpopularmicrobloggersinChina.

HongsaiditwastooearlytotellifPeng’shigh-profilepublicappearancesignaledthatshewouldbeplayingamoresignificantroleinChinesepoliticsthanherpredecessors,who—unlikemanyoftheirWesterncounterparts—havebeenlargelyunseen.“It’sgoodthatfinallyChinahasaverypretty,verybeautifulfirstladyandshecanhopefullyspeakupforalotmoreandcomplementwhateverXiwantstosay,inway,likeallfirstladiesdo.”

Onlineretailershavesoughttoassociatetheirproductswithwhatnewsportals(門(mén)戶網(wǎng)站)aretermingthe“PengLiyuanstyle,”withsearchesforthosekeywordsresultinginlistsofhandbagsandtrenchcoats,manyofwhichdidnotevenresembletheitemsshewore.HeavyonlinetraffictoException’swebsitehascausedittocrashsinceFriday,withitloadingonlysporadicallyonMonday.

TheimpactPeng,acelebratedperformeronstatetelevision,ishavingonfashionbearssomesimilaritytotrendssparkedbyBritain’sduchessofCambridge,theformerKateMiddleton,whohelpedbringBrazilian-borndesignerIssatotheworld’sattentionbeforehermarriagetoPrinceWilliam.AmericanfirstladyMichelleObamahasalsolentcachettodesignerJasonWubywearingagownhecustom-madetolastmonth’sinauguration.

Exceptionwasfoundedinthemid-ninetiesbyacouplewhosharedaloveofdesignandtherockbandTheRamones,accordingtoHong.ChiefexecutiveMaoJihong,oneoftheco-founders,couldnotbereachedonhiscellphone.Thelabelhasexpandedtobecomeahigh-endbrandwithnearly100storesandretailcountersinChina.

DespiteException’spublicsilence,commentatorsinChina’sfashionworldarecelebratingtheattentiononthelabeland,moresignificantly,theriseoftheprofileofapopularfirstlady.

26.Accordingtopassage,whatdoestheword“attire”inPara.1probablymean?

27.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingwouldthenewsmediaNOTusetodescribePengLiyuan?

28.WhatofthefollowingisimpliesinPara.6?

29.WhatdoException,IssaandJasonWuhaveincommonaccordingtoPara.7?

30.Whatwouldbeagoodtitleforthispassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Clothes

B.Jewelries

C.Accessories

D.Handbags

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Understated

B.Stunning

C.Elegant

D.Sophisticated

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.InterestinPeng’sattirehasexploded.

B.OnlineshoppinghasdeclinedduetoPeng’simpact.

C.Theportalshavenotyettermedthe“style”.

D.FascinationwithPeng’sattireisshownonlyonline.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theyarealldesignatedroyaldesigners.

B.Theyallspecializeincustom-madeclothinginEurope.

C.Theyhavebeenbroughttofamebytheirprominentcustomers.

D.Theysharealotofsimilaritiesintheirideasandunderstandingoffashion.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.AnewFirstLady,aBoomingBrand

B.Exception,anExceptionalExperience

C.FromRagstoRiches,Exception

D.FashionOutshinestheFirstLady

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】26.詞義推測(cè)題。A選項(xiàng)“衣服；服飾”，B選項(xiàng)“珠寶；首飾”，C選項(xiàng)“配件；附件”；D選項(xiàng)“手提包；手袋”。定位在第一段的關(guān)鍵詞frumpy“衣著過(guò)時(shí)的”可知第一段主要談?wù)摰氖欠b。故選A。

27.推理判斷題。A選項(xiàng)“低調(diào)的；樸素的”，B選項(xiàng)“極其美麗的”，C選項(xiàng)“優(yōu)雅的”，D選項(xiàng)“精致的”。定位到第二段promptingpraiseofherstyleasunderstatedandsophisticated.（獲得了一片贊賞，稱其風(fēng)格既低調(diào)又精致。）C選項(xiàng)Elegant“優(yōu)雅的”與精致的意思接近，故可排除C選項(xiàng)。故選B。

28.推理判斷題。定位到第六段Onlineretailershavesoughttoassociatetheirproductswithwhatnewsportalsaretermingthe“PengLiyuanstyle,”（新聞門(mén)戶網(wǎng)站稱其為“彭麗媛風(fēng)格”，網(wǎng)上零售商也試圖將自己的產(chǎn)品與這種風(fēng)格聯(lián)系起來(lái)。）和HeavyonlinetraffictoException’swebsitehascausedittocrashsinceFriday,withitloadingonlysporadicallyonMonday.（Exception網(wǎng)站的大量在線流量導(dǎo)致其自上周五以來(lái)崩潰，周一才偶爾加載出來(lái)。）由此可知人們對(duì)彭麗媛的衣著風(fēng)格十分感興趣，并且?guī)?dòng)了網(wǎng)上購(gòu)物。因此A選項(xiàng)“人們對(duì)彭麗媛著裝的興趣激增”正確，符合題意。同理可排除B選項(xiàng)“由于彭麗媛的影響，網(wǎng)上購(gòu)物有所下降”。C選項(xiàng)“門(mén)戶還沒(méi)有命名為樣式”錯(cuò)誤，由第一句可知門(mén)戶將其命名為“彭麗媛風(fēng)格”，可排除。D選項(xiàng)“人們對(duì)彭麗媛著裝的癡迷只在網(wǎng)上體現(xiàn)出來(lái)”，說(shuō)法過(guò)于絕對(duì)，可排除。故選A。

29.推理判斷題。定位在第七段theformerKateMiddleton,whohelpedbringBrazilian-borndesignerIssatotheworld’sattentionbeforehermarriagetoPrinceWilliam.（前王妃凱特?米德?tīng)栴D在嫁給威廉王子之前，曾幫助巴西出生的設(shè)計(jì)師伊薩吸引了全世界的目光。）和AmericanfirstladyMichelleObamahasalsolentcachettodesignerJasonWubywearingagownhecustom-madetolastmonth’sinauguration.（美國(guó)第一夫人米歇爾?奧巴馬也給設(shè)計(jì)師吳季剛增添了聲望，她在上個(gè)月的就職典禮上穿了一件吳季剛定制的禮服。）由此可以推理出兩位設(shè)計(jì)師都因?yàn)榻o杰出的人物做過(guò)服裝而變得更有名氣。因此C選項(xiàng)“他們都是通過(guò)其名人顧客而獲得聲望”符合題意，正確。A選項(xiàng)“他們都是指定的皇家設(shè)計(jì)師”，B選項(xiàng)“他們都在歐洲專門(mén)做服裝定做”，D選項(xiàng)“他們?cè)趯?duì)時(shí)尚的理解和想法上有很多相似之處”，均不符合題意。故選C。

30.主旨大意題。本文是美聯(lián)社2013年的一篇新聞報(bào)道。主要介紹了中國(guó)第一夫人彭麗媛選擇了中國(guó)本土服裝品牌的著裝，從而推動(dòng)了該品牌的知名度。A選項(xiàng)“一位新第一夫人，一個(gè)蓬勃發(fā)展的品牌”符合題意，正確。B選項(xiàng)“例外，非凡的經(jīng)歷”，C選項(xiàng)“從窮到富，例外”，D選項(xiàng)“時(shí)尚勝過(guò)第一夫人”，均不符合題意，故選A。

13.翻譯題

Itgoeswithoutsaying,then,thatlanguageisalsoapoliticalinstrument,means,andproofofpower.Itisthemostvividandcrucialkeytoidentity:itrevealstheprivateidentity,andconnectsonewith,ordivorcesonefrom,thelargerpublic,orcommunalidentity.Therehavebeen,andare,times,andplaces,whentospeakacertainlanguagecouldbedangerous,evenfatal.Or,onemayspeakthesamelanguage,butinsuchawaythatone’santecedentsarerevealed,or(onehopes)hidden.ThisistrueinFrance,andisabsolutelytrueinEngland:Therange(andreign)ofaccentsonthatdamplittleislandmakeEnglandcoherentfortheEnglishandtotallyincomprehensibleforeveryoneelse.ToopenyourmouthinEnglandis(ifImayuseblackEnglish)to“putyourbusinessinthestreet”:Youhaveconfessedyourparents,youryouth,yourschool,yoursalary,yourself-esteem,and,alas,yourfuture.

【答案】不言而喻，語(yǔ)言也是一種政治工具、手段和力量的象征。對(duì)于身份而言語(yǔ)言是極其形象并且至關(guān)重要的，因?yàn)樗梢酝嘎秱€(gè)人的身份，也可以將個(gè)人與公眾或公共的身份聯(lián)系起來(lái)或與其分離開(kāi)。在某些時(shí)間或地點(diǎn)講某種語(yǔ)言可能是危險(xiǎn)的，甚至是致命的。這種情況過(guò)去發(fā)生過(guò)，現(xiàn)在也存在?；蛘吣橙丝赡苤v一種語(yǔ)言，但是這樣就會(huì)泄露自己的身份，也可能像他所希望的那樣而隱瞞。這種情況在法國(guó)如此，在英國(guó)尤其如此：在這片濕氣襲人的小島上，英式口音的影響及統(tǒng)治范圍使英國(guó)僅與帶有英國(guó)口音的英國(guó)人和諧共存，卻不適合其他人在此生活。在英國(guó)開(kāi)口說(shuō)英語(yǔ)（如果我可以使用黑人英語(yǔ)）相當(dāng)于把你的全部都公之于眾，包括你的父母、青年時(shí)期、所受的教育、薪水、自尊，天啊，甚至你的未來(lái)都被一覽無(wú)余。

14.單選題

BarackObamaisthefreshestfaceintheearlylineupofpresidentialcandidates.Ishetoofresh?WouldeightyearsintheIllinoisStateSenate,andfourintheU.S.SenatequalifyhimfortheOvalofficein2008?Americanpoliticalhistorygivesananswer:aresounding“probably”.

Thirty-sevenmenhavebeenelectedPresidentsince1789,andtheAmericanpeoplehaveappliedtwodifferentstandardsinevaluatingtheirachievements.ThefirstwasformulatedbyAlexanderHamiltonwhotest-drovethepresidencyinFederalistpapers.Thedifficultyofwinningthejobheargued,virtuallyguaranteeditwouldbeheldbythebestmen.“Talentsforlowintrigue,andthelittleartofpopularity”,could“elevateamantothefirsthonorsinasinglestate”.Butonly“characterspre-eminentforabilityandvirtue”couldimpressthenationasawhole.ThefirstsevenPresidents,whofilledthejobforalmostahalf-century,confirmedHamilton’sprediction.GeorgeWashington,JohnAdamsandThomasJeffersonwereheroesoftheAmericanRevolution.JamesMadisonwasprimemoverinthepushtowriteandratifytheConstitution.James,MonroeandJohnQuincyAdamshadsignaltriumphs:MonroesuccessfullyfoughtagainsttheEnglishtroopsduringthewarin1814,andAdams,asMonroe’sSecretaryofState,conceivedtheMonroeDoctrine,whichwavedEuropeoffthewesternhemisphere.AndrewJackson,thefrontierwarrior,beattheCreekIndiansintheoldsouthwestandBritishinNewOrleans.

ItwasnotuntiltheeighthPresidentMartinVanBurenthatAmericanaimedlower.VanBurenwasasmoothself-mademanfromupstateNewYorkwhoclamberedtoleadershipfirstinhisstate,thenintheDemocraticPartynationwide.Hewasawirepullerandwheeler-dealer.FormerPresidentJohnQuincyAdamspraisedhis“calmness”,“gentleness”and“discretion”,thoughnothis“profounddissimulation(掩飾)”and“fawning(討好)servility”.VanBurenwasapol,first,lastandalways.HeshowedthatintrigueandtheartofpopularitywerenowenoughtowintheWhiteHouse.Since1841,mostsuccessfulpresidentialcandidateshavepassedtheVanBurentest.Theelectoratewantsleaderswhohaveplayedthegame,eventheyhaven’tbeenAll-Stars.It’salowbutsensiblehurdle;Obamaqualifiesbythatstandard.

Votersalsodon’ttakekindlytonon-politicians:twobusinessmen,WendellWillkieandRossPerot,madeseriousrunsfortheWhiteHouse,althoughneithercameclose.Americanswillelectapoliticalneophyte(新手)onlyifhepassestheHamiltontestofpre-eminentability,UlyssesS.GrantandDwightEisenhowerhadneverheldelectiveoffice,buttheywontheirwars.SomePresidentspassbothtests:TheodoreRooseveltfoughtwellintheSpanish-AmericanWarandinNewYorkStatepolitics.Amongtheprospective2008candidates,onlyonehasshownpre-eminentability:RudyGuiliani,insolvingthecrimeprobleminthenation’slargestcityandinhisresponseto9/11.

Butispre-eminentabilityareliablepredictorofsuccess?Itdoesn’tguaranteevictoryatthepolls.HenryClaywasmasteroflegislativefinessewhohelpedbrokertheMissouriCompromisesof1820—1821,adealbetweenslavestatesandfreestatesthatkeptthetwosidesfromeachother’sthroatsfor30years.YethefailedtobecomePresidentinthreetries.Greatachievementsdon’tguaranteegreatpresidenciesevenwhenthepre-eminentmanwins.TheEisenhowerAdministration,scornedbyeggheadsoftheleftandrightwhileitwasgoingon,hasrevisedupwardbylaterscholars,andasimilarprocessisliftingGrant’spresidencyfromthecellartowhichanunholyallianceofneo-Confederatesandgenteelreformershadconsignedit.Butneithermanwilleverbeconsideredasgreatinpeaceashewasinwar.

Therehavealsobeenordinary-seemingpoliticianswhobecameepoch-makingPresidents.Afterthe1932Democratic,ConventionpickedNewYorkgovernorFranklinD.Roosevelt,journalistH.L.Menckendescribedhimasaman“whosecompetencewasplainlyindoubt.”TheRepublicannominationofone-termIllinoiscongressmanAbrahamLincolnin1860broughtthissneerfromdiaristGeorgeTempletonStrong:“Hecutagreatmanyrails,andworkedonaflatboatinearlyyouth;allwhichissomehowpresumptiveevidenceofhisstatesmanship.”

Statesmanshipisanart,whichmeansthereisalwaysroomforinspiration,andforgrace.Wearerighttolookforarecordofpre-eminentabilitywhenwecanfindit.Butthebasicdoctrineofrepublicangovernment,thatallmenarecreatedequal,canbeasurprisebonusforsomeleaders,aswellasaguaranteeofrightsforallofus.Sometimesgreatnessappearsinunlikelyplaces,eveninordinarypolsfromIllinois.

1.InHamilton’sview,“thebestmen”includeallthefollowingEXCEPT____.

2.VanBurencouldwinthepresidencyNOTbecause____.

3.Whichofthefollowingisnotproper?

4.Theword“finesses”thefifthparagraphprobablymeans____.

5.Whatdoesthispassagemainlytalkabout?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.thosewhoarecapableandnoble-minded

B.thosewhohavetheartofpopularity

C.thosewhoconfirmedHamilton’sprediction

D.JohnAdamswhomadegreatachievement

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.ofhisintrigueandtheartofpopularity

B.hewasaself-mademanfromupstateNewYork

C.ofhis“profounddissimulation”and“fawningservility”

D.theAmericanschangedtheirstandards

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Hamiltonthoughtthatthebestmenwouldholdthepresidency.

B.Neithergreatabilitiesnorachievementsensurethesuccessfulpresidency.

C.Allthepresidentsfromthewarwereslightlycriticizedbythepublic.

D.EvenafreshmancanbeelectedasPresidentifheisprominentinability.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.intrigue

B.approach

C.measure

D.skill

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.ObamawillprobablybecomePresidentaccordingtotheAmericanhistory.

B.Allthepresidentialcandidatesshouldpassboththetwomentionedtests.

C.WhowillbethenextU.S.Presidentisstillnotclearbeforeelection.

D.AnypresidentialcandidateswouldbreaktheHamiltonandVanBuren’stests.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】第1題:【選項(xiàng)釋義】

InHamilton’sview,“thebestmen”includeallthefollowingEXCEPT____.在漢密爾頓（Hamilton）看來(lái)，“最優(yōu)秀的人”包括以下所有人，除了____。

A.thosewhoarecapableandnoble-mindedA.那些德才兼?zhèn)涞娜?/p>

B.thosewhohavetheartofpopularityB.那些有受歡迎的技巧的人

C.thosewhoconfirmedHamilton’spredictionC.那些證實(shí)漢密爾頓預(yù)測(cè)的人

D.JohnAdamswhomadegreatachievementD.取得了巨大成就的約翰?亞當(dāng)斯（JohnAdams）

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞Hamilton’sview和thebestmen定位到原文第二段。本段第三、四、五句提到“他認(rèn)為，贏得這份工作的難度，實(shí)際上保證了這份工作將由最優(yōu)秀的人（thebestmen）擔(dān)任”，“‘低級(jí)陰謀的天賦和受歡迎的小技巧（thelittleartofpopularity）’只會(huì)‘給人帶來(lái)一個(gè)州里（hefirsthonorsinasinglestate）的最高榮譽(yù)’”，“但只有‘德才兼得（pre-eminentforabilityandvirtue）的人’，才能給整個(gè)國(guó)家留下深刻印象（impressthenationasawhole）”。由此可知，漢密爾頓認(rèn)為“有受歡迎的小技巧”的人只能在一個(gè)州的范圍內(nèi)有所成就，他們不是能夠成為總統(tǒng)的最優(yōu)秀的人。因此，B選項(xiàng)“那些有受歡迎的技巧的人”符合題意。