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書山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-新疆師范大學(xué)考試押題卷含答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請謹(jǐn)慎購買!第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題
Theincident()pressinterest.Reportersfromseveralnewspaperscametointerviewhim.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.purchased
B.produced
C.provoked
D.processed
【答案】C
【解析】句意:這個(gè)事件引起了新聞界的興趣。數(shù)家報(bào)社的記者前來采訪他。
考查動(dòng)詞辨析。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均為對應(yīng)動(dòng)詞的過去式。Purchase購買,贏得;produce生產(chǎn);制造;生長;provoke激怒,煽動(dòng),引起;process加工,處理;審閱,審核。故C符合句意。
2.單選題
W:Goodtoseeyou.Youlookfatterandbetter.
M:Thanks.Ihadalotofexerciseanddrankvegetablejuiceeveryday.
Q:Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.Themanusedtobeunhealthy
B.Themandoesn’thaveasmuchexerciseasheusedto.
C.Themanatealoteveryday.
D.Themanhasbecomeabetterperson
【答案】D
【解析】根據(jù)女士的話“你看起來更胖,更好了?!笨芍狣選項(xiàng)‘這個(gè)人變得更好了’正確。
3.單選題
Histestimonyisofno____tothecase.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.relevance
B.relation
C.substance
D.connection
【答案】A
【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】
A.relevance相關(guān)性B.relation關(guān)系
C.substance根據(jù)D.connection關(guān)聯(lián)
【答案】A
【考查點(diǎn)】名詞辨析
【解題思路】原句句意為“他的證詞與此案沒有____”,根據(jù)選項(xiàng)推測,原句想表達(dá)的是“沒有關(guān)系;不相關(guān)”,即他的證詞與這個(gè)案件不相關(guān),對這個(gè)案件沒有幫助,A選項(xiàng)relevance“相關(guān)性”,最符合要求。某物與某一情境的相關(guān)性(relevance)是指它對該情境的重要性或意義。
【干擾項(xiàng)排除】
B選項(xiàng)relation“關(guān)系”,側(cè)重于指兩者之間的關(guān)系,比如藝術(shù)與生活之間的關(guān)系;
C選項(xiàng)substance“根據(jù)”,不符合原句語義銜接;
D選項(xiàng)connection“關(guān)聯(lián)”,與relation相似,側(cè)重于指兩者之間的關(guān)系。
【句意】他的證詞與此案并不相關(guān)。
4.單選題
ForthepeoplewhohavenevertraveledacrosstheAtlanticthevoyageisafantasy.ButforthepeoplewhocrossitfrequentlyonecrossingoftheAtlanticisverymuchlikeanother,andtheydonotmakethevoyageforthe(1)ofitsinterest.Mostofusarequitehappywhenwefeel
(2)
togotobedandpleasedwhenthejourney
(3)
.
OnthefirstnightthistimeIfeltespeciallylazyandwenttobed
(4)
earlierthanusual.WhenI
(5)
mycabin,Iwassurprised
(6)
thatIwastohaveacompanionduringmytrip,whichmademefeelalittleunhappy.Ihadexpected
(7)
buttherewasasuitcase
(8)
mineintheoppositioncorner.Iwonderedwhohecouldbeandwhathewouldbelike.Soonafterwardshecamein.Hewasthesortofmanyoumightmeet
(9)
,exceptthathewaswearing
(10)
goodclothesthatImadeupmymindthatwewouldnot
(11)
whoeverhewasanddidnotsay
(12)
.AsIhadexpected,hedidnottalktomeeitherbutwenttobedimmediately.
IsupposeIsleptforseveralhoursbecausewhenIwokeupitwasalreadythemiddleofthenight.Ifeltcoldbutcovered
(13)
aswellasIcouldandtriestogobacktosleep.ThenIrealizedthata
(14)
wascomingfromthewindowopposite.IthoughtperhapsIhadforgotten
(15)
thedoor,soIgotup
(16)
thedoorbutfounditalreadylockedfromtheinside.Thecoldairwascomingfromthewindowopposite.Icrossedtheroomand
(17)
themoonshonethroughitontotheotherbed.
(18)
there.Ittookmeaminuteortwoto
(19)
thedoormyself.Irealizedthatmycompanion
(20)
throughthewindowintothesea.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.reason
B.motive
C.cause
D.sake
問題2選項(xiàng)
A.tiredenough
B.enoughtired
C.enoughtiring
D.enoughtiring
問題3選項(xiàng)
A.achieved
B.finish
C.isover
D.isintheend
問題4選項(xiàng)
A.quite
B.rather
C.fairly
D.somehow
問題5選項(xiàng)
A.arrivedin
B.reachedto
C.arrivedto
D.reachedat
問題6選項(xiàng)
A.forseeing
B.thatIsaw
C.atseeing
D.tosee
問題7選項(xiàng)
A.beinglonely
B.tobelonely
C.beingalone
D.tobealone
問題8選項(xiàng)
A.like
B.as
C.similarthan
D.thesamethat
問題9選項(xiàng)
A.ineachplace
B.forallparts
C.somewhere
D.anywhere
問題10選項(xiàng)
A.aso
B.so
C.sucha
D.such
問題11選項(xiàng)
A.treattogetherwell
B.passtogetherwell
C.getonwelltogether
D.gobywelltogether
問題12選項(xiàng)
A.himasingleword
B.himnotoneword
C.asinglewordtohim
D.notonewordtohim
問題13選項(xiàng)
A.upme
B.upmyself
C.uptomyself
D.myselfup
問題14選項(xiàng)
A.draft
B.voice
C.air
D.sound
問題15選項(xiàng)
A.toclose
B.closing
C.tohavetoclose
D.forclosing
問題16選項(xiàng)
A.toshut
B.forshutting
C.inshutting
D.butshut
問題17選項(xiàng)
A.whiledoinglikethat
B.asIdidlikethat
C.asIdidso
D.atdoingso
問題18選項(xiàng)
A.Itwasnoone
B.Therewasnoone
C.Itwasanyone
D.Therewasanyone
問題19選項(xiàng)
A.remindtolock
B.remembertolock
C.remindlocking
D.rememberlocking
問題20選項(xiàng)
A.hastojump
B.wastohavejumped
C.musthavejumped
D.couldbejumped.
【答案】第1題:D
第2題:A
第3題:C
第4題:B
第5題:A
第6題:D
第7題:D
第8題:A
第9題:D
第10題:D
第11題:C
第12題:C
第13題:D
第14題:A
第15題:A
第16題:A
第17題:C
第18題:B
第19題:D
第20題:C
【解析】(1)固定搭配。Forthereasonof“原因是”;forthemotivateof“動(dòng)機(jī)是”;forthecauseof“原因是”;forthesakeof“為了……”。句意:他們航行不是為了自己的興趣。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。
(2)語法題。Tired“疲勞的”,修飾人;tiring“令人疲勞的”,修飾物。主語是we,所以排除C和D項(xiàng)。又因?yàn)閑nough修飾形容詞需要后置,選項(xiàng)A符合題意。句意:當(dāng)我們感到非常疲倦而上床睡覺時(shí),大多數(shù)人都是愉快的。
(3)動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。Achieve“達(dá)到”;finish“結(jié)束”;isover“結(jié)束”;沒有搭配beintheend。句意:當(dāng)旅途結(jié)束的時(shí)候。因?yàn)榫渥拥闹髡Z為thejourney,根據(jù)主謂一致原則,謂語需用第三人稱單數(shù),選項(xiàng)A和B可排除。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。
(4)副詞詞義辨析。Quite“相當(dāng)”;rather“相當(dāng)”;fairly“公平地”;somehow“以某種方式,不知為何”。因?yàn)榭崭窈鬄閑arlier形容詞的比較級,rather可修飾比較級,句意:第一天晚上,我覺得特別懶,比平時(shí)更早上床睡覺。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。
(5)詞組辨析。Arrivein“到達(dá)”;arriveto“達(dá)成”;reach為及物動(dòng)詞,后接賓語不需要介詞。句意:當(dāng)我到達(dá)船艙。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。
(6)固定搭配。根據(jù)固定搭配besurprisedatdoing“看到某事正驚訝”,besurprisedtodo“驚訝地看到某事”,besurprisedthat“驚訝于”,可排除選項(xiàng)A。句意:我很驚訝地看到,將有一個(gè)同伴和我一同旅行,這使我感到有點(diǎn)不開心。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。
(7)固定搭配。根據(jù)固定搭配expecttodosth.“期待做某事”,可排除A和C項(xiàng)。Lonely“孤獨(dú)的”,強(qiáng)調(diào)內(nèi)心感到孤獨(dú)。Alone“單獨(dú)的,一個(gè)人的”,不強(qiáng)調(diào)內(nèi)心感受。句意:我期待一個(gè)的獨(dú)處。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。
(8)固定搭配。沒有固定搭配similarthan和thesamethat,所以C和D項(xiàng)可排除。Like和as都表示“像”,like后接名詞和短語,as后接從句。句意:在對面的角落里有一個(gè)和我一樣的手提箱。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。
(9)副詞詞義辨析。ineachplace“在每個(gè)地方”;forallparts“對于所有部分”;somewhere“在某處”;anywhere“在任何地方”。句意:他是那種你在任何地方都可能遇到的人。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。
(10)根據(jù)固定搭配so+adj./adv.+a/an+名詞,such+a/an+adj./adv.+名詞,因?yàn)閏lothes為復(fù)數(shù),所以其前無需用冠詞,選項(xiàng)A和C可排除。So短語的中心為形容詞或副詞,such短語中心詞為名詞。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。句意:他穿著如此好的衣服。
(11)固定搭配。根據(jù)固定搭配getonwelltogether“與……相處愉快”。句意:我打定主意我們不能在一起和睦相處。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。
(12)固定搭配,根據(jù)固定搭配saysth.tosb.“跟某人說某話”,選項(xiàng)A和B可排除。又因?yàn)榭崭袂耙呀?jīng)含有否定詞not,所以這里無需再用否定。句意:不跟他說一句話。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。
(13)固定搭配,根據(jù)固定搭配coverup“蓋住”,可排除選項(xiàng)C。又因?yàn)閏overup為副詞短語,賓語為名詞,可放中間也可放后面,賓語為代詞,只能放中間,所以正確表達(dá)應(yīng)為covermyselfup。句意:我把我自己蓋住。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。
(14)名詞詞義辨析。Draft“草稿,小股氣流”;voice“人說話的聲音”;air“空氣”;sound“大自然的聲音”。根據(jù)下文Thecoldairwascomingfromthewindowopposite,“冷空氣從對面的窗戶進(jìn)來”,可知空格中應(yīng)該填入的意思為“氣流,空氣”,選項(xiàng)B和D可排除。又因?yàn)楣谠~a,所以選項(xiàng)C可排除。句意:小股風(fēng)從窗戶進(jìn)來。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。
(15)固定搭配。根據(jù)固定搭配forgettodo“忘記去做某事(未做)”;forgetdoing“忘記做過某事(已做)”。文章強(qiáng)調(diào)忘記關(guān)窗,未關(guān)窗,所以選項(xiàng)C和B可排除。因?yàn)闆]有搭配forgetfor,選項(xiàng)D可排除。句意:我認(rèn)為我可能忘記關(guān)門了。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。
(16)語法題。根據(jù)文意,可知作者起床的目的是關(guān)門,介詞to可表目的,句意:我認(rèn)為我可能忘記關(guān)門了,于是我起床去關(guān)門。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。
(17)語法題。根據(jù)文意,表達(dá)的是“當(dāng)我穿過房間的時(shí)候”,所以空格填入一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語從句,at不能引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀從,選項(xiàng)D可排除。又因?yàn)閣hile引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀從,強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的延續(xù)性,通常為進(jìn)行式,as引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀從可作為主句動(dòng)作發(fā)生的背景。句意:當(dāng)我穿過房間的時(shí)候,我看到月光透過窗戶照到另外一張床上。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。
(18)語法題。根據(jù)文章,表達(dá)的意思是“沒有人”,所以選用therebe句型表示“有,存在”。選項(xiàng)A和C可排除。又因?yàn)閚oone“沒有人”;anyone“任何人”,選項(xiàng)D可排除。句意:沒有人在那兒。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。
(19)固定搭配。根據(jù)固定搭配remembertodo“記得去做某事(未做)”;rememberdoing“記得做過某事”。沒有搭配remindtodo和reminddoing,選項(xiàng)A和C可排除。根據(jù)上文“Igotuptoclosethedoor,butfounditalreadylockedfromtheinside”,可知我起身要關(guān)上門,卻發(fā)現(xiàn)門已經(jīng)從里面鎖上了。所以這里要表達(dá)的意思是記“想起來我自己關(guān)了門”,選項(xiàng)B可排除。句意:我花了一兩分鐘才想起自己已經(jīng)鎖門的事。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。
(20)語法題。固定搭配havetojump“不得不跳”;wastohavedone“本將跳”;musthavejumped“一定已經(jīng)跳了”;couldbejumped“本可能跳了”。根據(jù)文意,表達(dá)的意思是推測我的同伴一定是從窗戶跳進(jìn)了海里。所以是對過去發(fā)生事情的肯定推測,用musthavedone。句意:我意識到我的同伴一定是從窗戶跳進(jìn)了海里。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。
5.單選題
ForalargenumberofyoungadultsinBritainhomeownershiphasbecomeincreasinglydifficulttoachieve,viewedasadistantgoalattainableonlylaterinlife,ifatall.
ThatisasignificantshiftinBritain.ForyearsownersoccupyahigherpercentageofhomesinBritainthanintheUnitedStates,France,orGermany.OnereasonhomeownershipissoattractiveinBritainisbecausepropertyvaluesdroppedlessdrasticallythanintheUnitedStates,inpartbecauseofashortageinhousing.Pricesinsomelargecities,includingLondon,haveevenincreasedrecently.Peoplestillperceiveahometobeabetterandsaferinvestmentthanapensionfund,saidAndrewHull,researchfellowattheInstituteforPublicPolicyResearch.“Homeownershipisalsoculturallyentrenched,”hesaid.“Owningahomeisthemainwayofshowingyoumadeit.”
Thebigshifttowardhomeownershipcameinthe1980swhenMrs.Thatcherissuedright-to-buypolicy,whichallowedmanyinrentedgovernmenthousingtobuytheirhomes.Abouttwomillionhomesweresold,earningthegovernmenttensofbillionsofpounds.Atthesametime,therentalmarketbecameincreasinglyunattractive.UnlikeGermanyandotherContinentalEuropeancountries,Britain’sprivaterentalmarketishighlyfragmented,withmanylandlordsandlawsthatgenerallyfavorthepropertyowner.Mostleasesareforsixmonthsonly,withlandlordsrarelyagreeingtocommittolongerterms;thismakesrentinghighlyinsecure.
Butasthepainofgovernment-imposedausteritysinksindisposableincomehasshrunkandloanrequirementhavetoughened,forcingmoreandmoreBritonsintorentingratherthanbuying.Overthelast10yearsthenumberofpeoplewhoownedhomesheredroppedto67percentfrom70percent.Meanwhile,thenumberofpeopleinprivaterentedhouseroseto16percentfrom10percentoverthesameperiod,accordingtotheOfficeforNationalStatistics.Risingdemandhaspusheduprentsbyanaverageof4.4percentoverthelastyear,accordingtoLSLPropertyService.InLondonrentsincreased7.8percent.
“Agrowingnumberofyoungwould—bebuyersarepreparingforlifelong-renting—bynecessityratherthanchoice,”saidJonathanMoore,directorofeasyroommate.co.uk,apropertyWebsite.CharlotteAshton,30,haslivedinrentedaccommodationseversincesheleftherparent’shometoattenduniversity.Shesaidshewassavingforadownpaymenttobuyherownhome.“Idobelieveinthefundamentalsofowningbricksandmortarassecurityforthefuture,morethanleavingmymoneyinthebanksasalowinterestrate”,saidMs.Ashton,whoworksinpublicrelations.“Butnowitseemsunlessyouhaveaverywellpaidjobandarewillingtosaveeverypenny,it’sunfeasibletobuywithoutthehelpofthebankofMumandDad.”
Someeconomistsareconcernedthatasmorepeopleareforcedtowaittobuyahome,itcouldopenupawideningofthewealthgapthatalreadyexistsbetweenhomeownersandnonhomeowners,endangeringtheretirementprospectsforaswellinggroupofyoungadultstheycall“generationrent.”Itcouldalsohaveimplicationsforthecohesionofneighborhoods,AlisonBlackwell,aresearchdirectorattheNationalCenterforSocialResearchandauthoroftheHalifaxreportsaid.Renterstendtobelessinvolvedinlocalcommunitiesbecausetheyareforcedtomovemoreoften.Andtheeconomyasawholemaysufferbecauserenterstendtocurbspendingtosaveforadeposit.
36.ForBritishpeople,buyinghouseis________.
37.Mrs.Thatcher’sright-to-buypolicyhasledto________.
38.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutGenerationRentistrue?
39.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat________.
40.Morepeople’sinclinationtorentratherthanbuyahousewillnot________.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.adistantgoal
B.asymbolofsuccess
C.acompulsorychoice
D.nothingbutaninvestment
問題2選項(xiàng)
A.thehomeownershipbust
B.theeconomicrecovery
C.thehomeownershipboom
D.theeconomicrecession
問題3選項(xiàng)
A.Theyconsiderrentingasalifelongplanratherthanatemporarychoice.
B.Theyareinfaceofeconomicdownturnandariskofearlyretirement.
C.Theydespisetheideaofaskingparentsformoneytobuyhouse.
D.Theystillbelieveintheblessingofhousejustliketheirpreviousgeneration.
問題4選項(xiàng)
A.therentalmarketandthebuyingmarketalwaysdevelopinreversedirection
B.itisimpossibleforthefirst-timebuyerstogetamortgageundercurrenteconomicsituation
C.buyinghouseisamoreprofitableinvestmentthanbuyingfundundercurrenteconomicsituation
D.Britain’srealestatemarketislessvolatilethanthatofotherEuropeancountries
問題5選項(xiàng)
A.enlargethewealthdisparitybetweenthehavesandhavenots
B.reducetherenter’scommitmenttothecommunity
C.slowtherecoveryofeconomy
D.curbsocialmobility
【答案】第1題:B
第2題:C
第3題:B
第4題:A
第5題:D
【解析】36.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句Owningahomeisthemainwayofshowingyoumadeit.(擁有房子是證明成功的主要方式。),可知B選項(xiàng)“成功的象征”正確。A選項(xiàng)“遙遠(yuǎn)的目標(biāo)”:根據(jù)第一段第一句ForalargenumberofyoungadultsinBritainhomeownershiphasbecomeincreasinglydifficulttoachieve,viewedasadistantgoalattainableonlylaterinlife,ifatall.(對于英國的很多年輕人來說,擁有住房變得越來越難,這被視為一個(gè)遙遠(yuǎn)的目標(biāo),如果能實(shí)現(xiàn),也是在晚年。),可知這是對于英國年輕人來說而不是普遍的英國人,故錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)“必須的選擇”:文章沒有提到,故錯(cuò)誤。D選項(xiàng)“除了投資,什么用處都沒有”:Peoplestillperceiveahometobeabetterandsaferinvestmentthanapensionfund(人們?nèi)哉J(rèn)為住房是比養(yǎng)老基金更好、更安全的投資選擇),這里沒有說買房只有投資這一個(gè)用處,故錯(cuò)誤。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。
37.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段第一、二句Mrs.Thatcherissuedright-to-buypolicy…Abouttwomillionhomesweresold,earningthegovernmenttensofbillionsofpounds.(撒切爾夫人頒布了購房權(quán)政策……大約售出了200萬套房子,收入達(dá)數(shù)百億英鎊。),可知撒切爾夫人的政策促進(jìn)許多人買房,所以C選項(xiàng)“很多人買房”正確,A選項(xiàng)“不能買房”錯(cuò)誤。B選項(xiàng)“經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇”和D選項(xiàng)“經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退”:文章沒有提到,故錯(cuò)誤。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。
38.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第六段第一句Someeconomistsareconcernedthatasmorepeopleareforcedtowaittobuyahome,itcouldopenupawideningofthewealthgapthatalreadyexistsbetweenhomeownersandnonhomeowners,endangeringtheretirementprospectsforaswellinggroupofyoungadultstheycall“generationrent.”(一些經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家擔(dān)心,隨著越來越多的人被迫等待買房,可能會擴(kuò)大房主和非房主之間已經(jīng)存在的貧富差距,危及日益壯大的被他們稱為“租房一代”的年輕人的退休前景),可知租房一代手里可能會更沒有錢,退休也會受到影響,所以B選項(xiàng)“他們面臨著經(jīng)濟(jì)水平下降和提前退休的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)”正確;他們被迫等待著買房,說明還是想要快一點(diǎn)買到房,故A選項(xiàng)“他們認(rèn)為租房是一生的計(jì)劃,而不是暫時(shí)的選擇”錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)“他們鄙視向父母借錢買房的想法”和D選項(xiàng)“他們像上一輩一樣仍然相信房子帶來的榮譽(yù)”:文章沒有提到,故錯(cuò)誤。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。
39.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第二、三句Abouttwomillionhomesweresold,earningthegovernmenttensofbillionsofpounds.Atthesametime,therentalmarketbecameincreasinglyunattractive.(大約200萬套房子被售出,收入達(dá)數(shù)百億英鎊。與此同時(shí),租賃市場變得越來越缺乏吸引力。)和第四段第二、三句thenumberofpeoplewhoownedhomesheredroppedto67percentfrom70percent.Meanwhile,thenumberofpeopleinprivaterentedhouseroseto16percentfrom10percentoverthesameperiod(擁有住房的人數(shù)從70%下降到了67%。同時(shí),私人租房的人數(shù)從10%上升到了16%。),可知買房和租房的此消彼長,所以A選項(xiàng)“租賃市場和購買市場總是朝著相反的方向發(fā)展”正確。B選項(xiàng)“在目前的經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢下,首次購房者不可能獲得抵押貸款”,C選項(xiàng)“在目前的經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢下,買房是比買基金更有利可圖的投資”和D選項(xiàng)“英國的房地產(chǎn)市場比其他歐洲國家的不穩(wěn)定”:文章沒有提到,故錯(cuò)誤。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。
40.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段倒數(shù)第二句Renterstendtobelessinvolvedinlocalcommunitiesbecausetheyareforcedtomovemoreoften.(租房者往往較少參與當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū),因?yàn)樗麄儽黄劝峒腋l繁。),頻繁搬家不會抑制社會流動(dòng)性,所以D選項(xiàng)“抑制社會流動(dòng)性”正確。A選項(xiàng)“擴(kuò)大富人和窮人之間的財(cái)富差距”:根據(jù)第六段第一句asmorepeopleareforcedtowaittobuyahome,itcouldopenupawideningofthewealthgapthatalreadyexistsbetweenhomeownersandnonhomeowners(隨著越來越多的人被迫等待買房,可能會擴(kuò)大房主和非房主之間已經(jīng)存在的貧富差距)可知更多人租房會這會拉大貧富差距,符合文章內(nèi)容,故錯(cuò)誤。B選項(xiàng)“削弱租賃者對社區(qū)的承諾”:根據(jù)第六段第二句Itcouldalsohaveimplicationsforthecohesionofneighborhoods(這還可能對社區(qū)的凝聚力產(chǎn)生影響),可知更多人租房會降低社區(qū)凝聚力,符合文章內(nèi)容,故錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)“減緩經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇”:根據(jù)第六段最后一句Andtheeconomyasawholemaysufferbecauserenterstendtocurbspendingtosaveforadeposit.(而且,由于租房者傾向于節(jié)省開支以支付押金,所以整體經(jīng)濟(jì)可能會受到影響。),可知更多人租房會減緩經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展,符合文章內(nèi)容,故錯(cuò)誤。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。
6.單選題
Thedevil,astheoldsayinggoes,isinthedetails.Or,inthecaseofthenewEstonianlawsettingupanationalgeneticdatabank,thereisreasonforconcernthatthedevilmaygetinvolvedintheactualworkingsofthatcountry’sHumanGeneResearchAct.
Theauthorsofthe34-sectionacthavemadeaseriousefforttopreventmisuseofthedataandtoprotectgenedonors’rightsandprivacy.Participationintheprojectisstrictlyvoluntary,onthebasisofinformedconsent.Itwillbeillegaltoaskanyoneifheorsheisparticipatinginthefreeprogram.Peoplewon’tbepaidforprovidingatissuesample,medical,andfamilyhistorytotheEstonianGeneBank.Thatinformationisimmediatelygiven“auniquecodeconsistingofatleast16randomcharacters”.GeneticandmedicaldatabecomeandremainthepropertyoftheEstonianGeneBank—exceptthatindividualdonorshavetheright,“atanytime,”torequest“destructionofthedatawhichenablesdecoding.”
Theycanalsohavetheirsamplematerialsdestroyediftheiridentityhasbeenunlawfullydisclosed.
Donorsareentitledtotheirowngeneticdata,atnocharge,asaretheirdesignatedphysicians.Nooneelsehaslawfulaccesstothisinformation.Indeed,itisunlawfultoask—andtheactcontainsspecificparagraphsthatforbidemployersandinsurancecompaniestogathersuchinformation,ortotreat“peoplewithdifferentgeneticrisks”differentlyasemployeesorinsuranceclients.Geneticinformationmaybereleasedtoresearchers“onlyincodedform,asasetofdataandontheconditionthattissuesamplesordataconcerningatleastfivegenedonorsareissuedatatime.”
SupportersoftheprojectexpectthattheEstonianGeneBankwillbecomeafavoritesourceofinformationforresearchersassociatedwithbiotechnologyandpharmaceuticalcompaniesthatareexpectedtopayhandsomelyforaccesstothedecoded(andanonymous)information.SomefirmsareexpectedtosetupshopinEstonia,presumablyinorneartheUniversityCityofTartuwheremostEstoniangeneticistsliveandwork.Theprojectisexpectedto“putEstoniaonthemap”andleadtoaneconomicbonanzaforanewlyindependentcountrywithfewnaturalresources.
Noteverybodysharesthatview.Regardlessofthefavorablepollresults,anumberofobjectionshavebeenpublishedinEstonian-languagenewspapers.Theserangefromthesimplistic“Ifit’ssuchagreatidea,howcometheFrenchandGermansaren’tdoingitalready?”toargumentsthatthestart-upmoneycouldbespentonbetterthings.Somecommentatorsarealsoconcernedaboutprivacy.Informationinthedatabankcouldbeusedforblackmailandisthereadatabankintheworldthatistrulysecurefromhackers?Andwhataboutleaks?Allegationsofcorruptionareafactofpubliclifeinpost-Sovietindependentstates.Estonia’sscandalshavebeenlessluridthanthoseofotherstates,buttherehavebeenenoughtoengenderconsiderablecynicism,notjustaboutleakeddata,butalsoaboutpayoffswherelucrativecontractsareinvolved.
16.Thesaying“Thedevilisinthedetails”isusedtoimplythat________.
17.UnderEstonianlaw,donorsmayrequesttohavetheirtissuesamplesdestroyed________.
18.Thephrase“putEstoniaonthemap”(para.5)mostlikelymeans________.
19.Fromthelastparagraphwecaninferthat,inregardtothenewgeneticdatabank________.
20.Theauthor’sattitudetowardsEstonia’snewlawsgoverningthegeneticdatabankseemstobe________.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.Estonia’snewgeneticdatabankhasimmoralimplications
B.whiletheoverallideaisgood,thedetailsofthegeneticbank’sworkingsareflawed
C.despitetheirefforts,thenewlawsmaynotpreventmisuseofgeneticdata
D.itisinherentlywrongtocollectgeneticdata
問題2選項(xiàng)
A.atanytime
B.iftheirsecretcodehasbeendecoded
C.iftheiridentityhasbeenrevealedillegally
D.withtheirphysician’sapproval
問題3選項(xiàng)
A.gaininternationalfamefortheEstoniangovernment
B.confirmEstonia’spost-Sovietindependence
C.gainrespectforgeneticsresearchconductedinEstonia
D.bringglobalrecognitiontothislittle-knowncountry
問題4選項(xiàng)
A.publicpollingwasmostlikelycorrupt
B.mostEstoniansapproveofit
C.onlylesseducatedcitizensareobjectingtothenewlaws
D.Estoniansaresharplydividedontheissue
問題5選項(xiàng)
A.ambivalence
B.caution
C.approval
D.skepticism
【答案】第1題:B
第2題:C
第3題:D
第4題:B
第5題:B
【解析】16.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段Thedevil,astheoldsayinggoes,isinthedetails.Or,inthecaseofthenewEstonianlawsettingupanationalgeneticdatabank,thereisreasonforconcernthatthedevilmaygetinvolvedintheactualworkingsofthatcountry’sHumanGeneResearchAct.(正如一句老話所說,細(xì)節(jié)決定成敗?;蛘?,在愛沙尼亞建立國家基因數(shù)據(jù)庫的新法律中,人們有理由擔(dān)心魔鬼可能會參與該國《人類基因研究法》的實(shí)際運(yùn)作。),第一句話的重點(diǎn)是細(xì)節(jié),按照兩句話的先后順序,推理出作者想要表達(dá)基因數(shù)據(jù)庫存在細(xì)節(jié)上的缺陷,B選項(xiàng)“雖然總體想法是好的,但基因數(shù)據(jù)庫的工作細(xì)節(jié)是有缺陷的”正確。A選項(xiàng)“愛沙尼亞新的基因數(shù)據(jù)庫有不道德的成分”,C選項(xiàng)“盡管他們做出了努力,新的法律可能不會防止基因數(shù)據(jù)的濫用”和D選項(xiàng)“收集基因數(shù)據(jù)本身就是錯(cuò)誤的”不是這里表達(dá)的重點(diǎn),不符合題意。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。
17.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段Theycanalsohavetheirsamplematerialsdestroyediftheiridentityhasbeenunlawfullydisclosed.(如果他們的身份被非法泄露,他們的樣本材料也可能被銷毀。),可知組織樣本被銷毀的條件是C選項(xiàng)“如果他們的身份被非法揭露”。A選項(xiàng)“隨時(shí)”:根據(jù)第二段最后一句GeneticandmedicaldatabecomeandremainthepropertyoftheEstonianGeneBank—exceptthatindividualdonorshavetheright,“atanytime,”torequest“destructionofthedatawhichenablesdecoding.”(遺傳和醫(yī)療數(shù)據(jù)成為并仍然是愛沙尼亞基因庫的財(cái)產(chǎn),但個(gè)人捐助者有權(quán)“在任何時(shí)候”要求“銷毀可解碼的數(shù)據(jù)”。),可知任何時(shí)候可以銷毀的是可解碼的數(shù)據(jù),而非樣本,故錯(cuò)誤。B選項(xiàng)“如果他們的密碼被破譯”和D選項(xiàng)“得到他們的醫(yī)生的批準(zhǔn)”文章沒有提到。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。
18.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段最后一句Theprojectisexpectedto“putEstoniaonthemap”andleadtoaneconomicbonanzaforanewlyindependentcountrywithfewnaturalresources.(這個(gè)項(xiàng)目有望“讓愛沙尼亞在地圖上嶄露頭角”,并為這個(gè)剛剛獨(dú)立、自然資源貧乏的國家?guī)斫?jīng)濟(jì)上的巨大財(cái)富。),可知愛沙尼亞獨(dú)立不久,需要國際社會的認(rèn)可,這是一個(gè)國家在國際社會上基礎(chǔ)的需求,D選項(xiàng)“為這個(gè)鮮為人知的國家?guī)砣蛘J(rèn)可”正確,A選項(xiàng)“為愛沙尼亞政府贏得國際聲譽(yù)”是在被認(rèn)可的基礎(chǔ)上更進(jìn)一步的需求,屬于過度推斷。B選項(xiàng)“確認(rèn)愛沙尼亞在后蘇聯(lián)時(shí)代的獨(dú)立”:愛沙尼亞已經(jīng)獨(dú)立了,不需要通過其他方式證明。C選項(xiàng)“在愛沙尼亞進(jìn)行的遺傳學(xué)研究獲得了尊重”:不是表達(dá)的重點(diǎn),不符合題意。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。
19.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第六段第二句Regardlessofthefavorablepollresults,anumberofobjectionshavebeenpublishedinEstonian-languagenewspapers.(不管民調(diào)結(jié)果如何,愛沙尼亞語報(bào)紙上刊登了許多反對意見。),句子是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,表明前面想要表達(dá)大多數(shù)人贊成,B選項(xiàng)“大多數(shù)愛沙尼亞人贊成”正確。A選項(xiàng)“公眾投票很可能是墮落的”:根據(jù)第六段倒數(shù)第二句Allegationsofcorruptionareafactofpubliclifeinpost-Sovietindependentstates.(對墮落的指控是后蘇聯(lián)獨(dú)立國家公共生活的一個(gè)事實(shí)。),這里指的是公共生活墮落的大背景,而非投票這件事,故錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)“只有教育程度較低的公民反對新法律”:文中沒有提到教育程度不同的人對此的看法,故錯(cuò)誤。D選項(xiàng)“愛沙尼亞人在這個(gè)問題上有尖銳的分歧”:不是表達(dá)的重點(diǎn),沒有體現(xiàn)尖銳,故錯(cuò)誤。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。
20.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。作者首先客觀地講述這項(xiàng)立法的細(xì)則,再分別表達(dá)支持者和反對者的觀點(diǎn),而沒有直接表達(dá)自己對此的看法,所以B選項(xiàng)“謹(jǐn)慎”正確,A選項(xiàng)“矛盾”,C選項(xiàng)“贊同”和D選項(xiàng)“懷疑”不符合題意。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。
7.單選題
Thereisavirtuallimitonhowlongwecanhopetoremainalive,howeverluckyand()weare.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.vulnerable
B.rigorous
C.vicious
D.robust
【答案】D
【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)vulnerable“易受攻擊的;易受傷害的”;B選項(xiàng)rigorous“嚴(yán)格的;嚴(yán)厲的”;C選項(xiàng)vicious“惡毒的;惡意的”;D選項(xiàng)robust“強(qiáng)健的;健康的”。句意:不論我們多么幸運(yùn)、多么……,我們能存活多長時(shí)間是有限度的。根據(jù)前面的信息lucky“幸運(yùn)的”,那么與之并列的形容詞也應(yīng)該為積極的詞匯。由此可以排除A,B,C選項(xiàng)。而后面說到的是remainalive“活著”可以知道應(yīng)該與描述身體的詞匯有關(guān)。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。
8.單選題
Althoughthemaincharactersinthenovelaresotruetolife,theyarecertainly____bytheauthor.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.imaginary
B.imagining
C.imaginable
D.imaginative
【答案】A
【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】
A.imaginary幻想的;虛構(gòu)的B.imagining想象(現(xiàn)在分詞)
C.imaginable想象得到的D.imaginative有想象力的
【答案】A
【考查點(diǎn)】語義銜接與形近詞辨析
【解題思路】原句語義為“雖然小說中的主要人物都很真實(shí),但他們確實(shí)是作者_(dá)___?!笨崭裉幩钤~用來修飾作者筆下的小說人物,并且與真實(shí)的(sotruetolife)意義相對,因此,A選項(xiàng)imaginary“幻想的;虛構(gòu)的”最符合原句語義銜接。
【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D選項(xiàng)都是正確選項(xiàng)的形近詞,但不符合原句語義銜接。
【句意】雖然小說中的主要人物都很逼真,但他們確實(shí)是作者虛構(gòu)的。
9.單選題
Jackisgood,kind,hard-workingandintelligent.(
),Ican’tspeaktoohighlyofhim.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.Asaresult
B.Bytheway
C.Inaword
D.Onthecontrary
【答案】C
【解析】asaresult作為結(jié)果;bytheway順便說;inaword總之,簡言之;onthecontrary正相反。句意:杰克善良、勤奮、聰明。總之,我對他評價(jià)再高也不過分。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。
10.單選題
InChinaalthoughpeopleinmanyregionsearnmuchlessthanthoseinprosperousregions,theyalsopaymuchlessfor______commodities,suchashousing.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.disposable
B.redundant
C.equivalent
D.interchangeable
【答案】C
【解析】考查定語從句。A選項(xiàng)disposable“一次性的;可自由支配的”;B選項(xiàng)redundant“多余的”;C選項(xiàng)equivalent“(價(jià)值、數(shù)量、意義、重要性等)相等的,相同的”;D選項(xiàng)interchangeable“可交換的,可互換的”。句意:在中國,盡管許多地區(qū)的人們比富裕地區(qū)的人掙得少得多,但他們在______商品上的花費(fèi)也少得多,比如住房。根據(jù)語境,住房對于錢多和錢少的人重要性相同,C選項(xiàng)equivalent“(價(jià)值、數(shù)量、意義、重要性等)相等的,相同的”符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。
11.單選題
What,besideschildren,connectsmothersaroundtheworldandacrosstheseasoftime?It’schickensoup,oneprominentAmericanfoodexpertsays.
FromRussianvillagestoAfricaandAsia,chickensouphasbeentheremedyforthoseweakinbodyandspirit.MotherspasstheirknowledgeontoancientwritersofGreece,ChinaandRome,andeventhe12thcenturyphilosopherandphysicianMosesMainmidesextolleditsvirtues.
Amongtheancients,Aristotlethoughtpoultryshouldstandinhigherestimationthanfour-leggedanimalsbecausetheairislessdensethantheearth.Chickensgotanotherboost(吹捧)inthebookofGenesis,whereitiswrittenthatbirdsandfishwerecreatedonthefifthday,adaybeforefour-leggedanimals.ButaccordingtoMimiSheraton,whohasspentmuchofthepastthreeyearsexploringtheworldofchickensoup,muchofthereasonforchicken’srealorimaginedcurativepowerscomesfromitscolor.
Hernewbook,“TheWholeWorldLovesChickenSoup”,looksatthebelovedandmysteriousbrew,withdozensofrecipesfromaroundtheworld.“Throughouttheages,"shesaid,“therehasbeenalotoffeelingthatwhite-coloredfoodsareeasiertoeatfortheweak-womenandtheill.Inaddition,“soup,oranythingforthatmattereatenwithaspoon”areconsidered“comfortfoods.”Sheratonsaid.
“IlovesoupandlovemakingsoupandasIwascollectingrecipesIbegantoseethisasaninternationaldish...Ithasauniversalmystiqueassomethingcurative,astrengthbuilder.”SheratonsaidfromherNewYorkhome.
Herbooktreatstheoldestremedyasifitwasbrandnew.TheNationalBroilerCouncil,thetradegrouprepresentingthechickenindustry,reportedthat51percentofthepeopleitsurveyedsaidtheyboughtchickenbecauseitwashealthier,50percentsaiditwasversatile,41percentsaiditwaseconomicaland46percentsaiditwaslowinfat.
1.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?
2.Sinceancienttimes,thevalueofchickensoup().
3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisnottrue?
4.Chickensouphascurativepowersmainlyfor()accordingtoSheraton.
5.Itcanbesaidfromthesurveythatchickenis().
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.ProminentAmericanFoods
B.HistoryofthechickenSoup
C.ChickenSoupRecipes
D.ChickenSoup,aUniversalCure-all
問題2選項(xiàng)
A.hasbeenover-estimated
B.hasbeenwidelyacknowledged
C.hasbeenappreciatedonlybyphilosophers
D.hasbeenknownonlytomothers
問題3選項(xiàng)
A.Chickensouphasaverylonghistory.
B.Sinceancienttimes,chickensouphasbeenahomeremedy.
C.Poultryusuallystandshigherthanfour-leggedanimals.
D.Four-leggedanimalsweresaidtobecreatedonthesixthday.
問題4選項(xiàng)
A.itscolor
B.itstaste
C.itsflavor
D.itsrecipe
問題5選項(xiàng)
A.amaindish
B.apopularfood
C.cheaperthananyotherfood
D.Alloftheabove
【答案】第1題:D
第2題:B
第3題:C
第4題:A
第5題:A
【解析】1.主旨大意題。全文從不同角度,從古至今,講述了雞湯的好處。故D項(xiàng)正確。
2.推理判斷題。由第二段FromRussianvillagestoAfricaandAsia,chickensouphasbeentheremedyforthoseweakinbodyandspirit.MotherspasstheirknowledgeontoancientwritersofGreece,ChinaandRome,andeventhe12thcenturyphilosopherandphysicianMosesMainmidesextolleditsvirtues.從俄羅斯的村莊到非洲和亞洲,雞湯一直是那些身體和精神虛弱的人的良藥。母親們把她們的知識傳給了古希臘、中國和羅馬的古代作家,甚至12世紀(jì)的哲學(xué)家和醫(yī)生摩西?梅因米德斯(MosesMainmides)也贊美這種美德。由此可知從古代開始雞湯的價(jià)值就為人所知。故B項(xiàng)正確。
3.推理判斷題。由第三段Amongtheancients,Aristotlethoughtpoultryshouldstandinhigherestimationthanfour-leggedanimalsbecausetheairislessdensethantheearth.在古代,亞里士多德認(rèn)為家禽應(yīng)該比四條腿的動(dòng)物站得更高,因?yàn)榭諝獾拿芏缺鹊厍蛐 ?芍@只是亞里士多德的猜測,不是事實(shí)。故C項(xiàng)表述錯(cuò)誤。
4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由第三段“ButaccordingtoMimiSheraton,whohasspentmuchofthepastthreeyearsexploringtheworldofchickensoup,muchofthereasonforchicken’srealorimaginedcurativepowerscomesfromitscolor.但在過去3年的大部分時(shí)間里,MimiSheraton一直在探索雞湯的世界。他表示,雞肉之所以具有真正的或想象中的療效,在很大程度上是因?yàn)樗念伾?。可知Sheraton認(rèn)為雞湯具有如此強(qiáng)大的療效在于它的顏色。故A項(xiàng)正確。
5.推理判斷題。由最后一段“51percentofthepeopleitsurveyedsaidtheyboughtchickenbecauseitwas
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