考研考博-英語(yǔ)-內(nèi)蒙古科技大學(xué)考試押題三合一+答案詳解4

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-內(nèi)蒙古科技大學(xué)考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Theapartmentwas（）as$50,000anditsownerdecidedtosellit.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.automated

B.assessed

C.asserted

D.avenged

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)automate“使自動(dòng)化”，B項(xiàng)assess“評(píng)定，估價(jià)”，C項(xiàng)assert“堅(jiān)持，斷言”，D項(xiàng)avenge“報(bào)復(fù)，報(bào)仇”。句意：這套公寓的估價(jià)為5萬(wàn)美元，房主決定賣掉它。根據(jù)句意，該題選B正確。

2.單選題

Shecontrivedtogetaglimpseofthelightoftruthhereandthere,andhopedthat（）raymightsufficetoguideher.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.scant

B.scarce

C.meager

D.sparse

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)scant“不足的，缺乏的”，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是勉強(qiáng)足夠的；B選項(xiàng)scarce“缺乏的，稀有的”，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是“稀缺、珍貴”；C選項(xiàng)meager“貧乏的”，多指收入微??；D選項(xiàng)sparse“稀疏的，稀少的”，強(qiáng)調(diào)人煙稀少，資源匱乏。句意：她設(shè)法在各處瞥見一點(diǎn)真理的光芒，希望那微弱的光芒足以引導(dǎo)她。這里強(qiáng)調(diào)的是勉強(qiáng)足夠的，所以選項(xiàng)A更符合語(yǔ)境。

3.單選題

Earlyinthe1900s,theuseoftruckstohandcommercial（

）developedalmostsimultaneouslywiththefirstwidespreaduseoftheautomobile.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.vehicles

B.equipment

C.workers

D.merchandise

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。vehicle意為“車輛”；equipment意為“設(shè)備，裝備”；worker意為“工人，員工”；merchandise意為“商品，貨品”。

句意：20世紀(jì)初，運(yùn)送商品的卡車基本上是和廣泛使用的汽車一同發(fā)展的。

4.翻譯題

為了保證刑法的正確實(shí)施，懲罰犯罪，保護(hù)人民，保障國(guó)家安全和社會(huì)公共安全，維護(hù)社會(huì)主義社會(huì)秩序，根據(jù)憲法，制定中華人民共和國(guó)刑事訴訟法。本法的任務(wù)是：保證準(zhǔn)確、及時(shí)地查明犯罪事實(shí)，正確運(yùn)用法律，懲罰犯罪分子，保證無(wú)罪的人不受刑事追究，教育公民自覺遵守法律，積極同犯罪分子做斗爭(zhēng)，以維護(hù)社會(huì)主義法制，保護(hù)公民的人身權(quán)利、財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)利和其他權(quán)利，保證社會(huì)主義事業(yè)的順利進(jìn)行。

【答案】參考譯文：

TheCriminalProcedureLawofthePeople’sRepublicofChinaisenactedinaccordancewiththeConstitutionandforthepurposeofensuringcorrectenforcementoftheCriminalLaw,punishingcrimes,protectingthepeople,safeguardingStateandpublicsecurityandmaintainingsocialistpublicorder.TheaimofthisLawis:toensureaccurateandtimelyascertainmentoffactsaboutcrimes,correctapplicationoflaw,punishmentofcriminalsandprotectionoftheinnocentagainstbeinginvestigatedforcriminalresponsibility;toenhancethecitizens’awarenessoftheneedtoabidebylawandtofightvigorouslyagainstcriminalactsinordertosafeguardthesocialistlegalsystem;toprotectthecitizens'personalrights,theirpropertyrights,democraticrightsandotherrights;andtoguaranteesmoothprogressofthecauseofsocialistdevelopment.

5.單選題

15.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.He’slosthisnotebook.

B.Hishandwritingismessy.

C.He’llmissclasslaterthisweek.

D.Hecannotmakeitforhisappointment.

【答案】C

【解析】M:IneedtobeabsentfromclassonFridaymorningbecauseIhaveadoctor’sappointment.AndIneedtoborrowsomeone’snotes.

W:Well,youcancertainlyborrowmine,ifyoudon’tmindmymessyhandwriting.

Q:Whatistheman’sproblem?

【解析】男士說(shuō):IneedtobeabsentfromclassonFridaymorningbecauseIhaveadoctor'sappointment(周五我得翹課，因?yàn)槲壹s了病診)。

6.單選題

Researchershavestudiedthepoorasindividuals,asfamiliesandhouseholds,asmembersofpoorcommunities,neighborhoodsandregions,asproductsoflargerpovertycreatingstructures.Theyhavebeenanalyzedasvictimsofcrimeandcriminals,asmembersofminoritycultures,aspassiveconsumersofmasscultureandactiveproducersofa“counterculture”,asparticipantsintheinformaleconomy,asinventionsofsurvivalstrategies,asaneconomicburdenandasareservearmyoflabor—tomentionjustsomeofthepreoccupationsofpovertyresearch.

Theelites,whooccupythesmallupperstratumwithinthecategoryofthenon-poor,andtheirfunctionsintheemergenceandreproductionofpovertyareasinterestingandimportantanobjectforpovertyresearchasthepoorthemselves.Theeliteshaveimagesofthepoorandofpovertywhichshapetheirdecisionsandactions.Sofar,littleisknownaboutthoseimages,exceptastheyaresketchilyportrayedinpopularstereotypes.Theelitesmaywellignoreordenytheexternaleffectsoftheirownactions(andomissions)uponthelivingconditionsofthepoor.Manysocialscientistsmaytakeaverydifferentview.Aspovertyemergedandwasreproduced,legalframeworkswerecreatedtocontaintheproblemsitcausedwithprofound,andlargelyunknown,consequencesforthepoorthemselves.Ingeneral,political,educationalandsocialinstitutionstendtoignoreorevendamagetheinterestsofthepoor.Inconstructingaphysicalinfrastructurefortransport,industry,tradeandtourism,thesettlementsofthepoorareoftenthefirsttosufferortobeleftstandingandexposedtopollution,noiseandcrowding.

Mostimportantaretheeconomicfunctionsofpoverty,as,forlackofotheroptionsthepoorareforcedtoperformactivitiesconsidereddegradingorunclean.Thepooraremorelikelytobuysecond-handgoodsandleftoverfoodstuffs,thusprolongingtheireconomicutility.Theyarelikelytousetheservicesoflow-qualitydoctors,teachersandlawyerswhomthenon-poorshyawayfrom.Povertyandthepoorserveanimportantsymbolicfunction,inremindingcitizensofthelotthatmaybefallthosewhodonotheedthevaluesofthrift,diligenceandcleanliness,andoftheconstantthreatthattherough,theimmoralandtheviolentrepresentfortherestofsociety.

Physically,thepoorandthenon-poorarekeptapart,throughdifferentiallanduseandghettoization.Socially,theyareseparatedthroughdifferentialparticipationinthelabormarket,theconsumptioneconomy,andinpolitical,socialandculturalinstitutions.Conceptually,theyaredividedthroughstereotypingandmediacliché.Thisseparationisevenmorepronouncedbetweentheelitesandthepoor.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,studyingtheelitesalsoshedslightonpovertyresearchbecause____.

2.Whilesocialscientistsaredevotingmuchoftheirefforttopovertyresearch,____.

3.Intheeyesofthesociety,____.

4.Theword“pronounced”inthelastsentenceofthepassageprobablymeans____.

5.Inthepassage,theauthorismainlyconcernedwith____.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.theyarealsomembersofthesamesocietyasthepoor

B.theyplayanimportantroleincreatingandreproducingpoverty

C.solutionofthepovertyproblemisattheirmercy

D.theyknowthelivingconditionsofthepoorbetterthanothergroups

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.notenoughlegalframeworkshavebeencreatedtorelievetheconditionofthepoor

B.theyhavedonelittletoactuallyprovidereliefprogramsforthepoor

C.theyignoretheroleoftheelitesasanobjectforpovertyresearch

D.thepoorpeoplethemselvesdonotmuchappreciatesucheffort

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.thepoortendtosymbolizewhatlazyandevilpeopleturnouttobe

B.thepoorarenotworthyofthesympathythesocietyshowsthem

C.economicprejudiceismoreofanobstacletothesolutionofpoverty

D.thenon-poorshouldshowmoresympathyforthepoor

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.sympathetic

B.conspicuous

C.identifiable

D.unbridgeable

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.analyzingaproblem

B.providingasolution

C.definingasituation

D.outliningaproposal

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】第1題:【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Accordingtotheauthor,studyingtheelitesalsoshedslightonpovertyresearchbecause____.根據(jù)作者的說(shuō)法，研究精英階層也有助于貧困研究，因?yàn)開___。

A.theyarealsomembersofthesamesocietyasthepoorA.他們和窮人是同一個(gè)社會(huì)的成員

B.theyplayanimportantroleincreatingandreproducingpovertyB.他們?cè)谥圃旌驮僭熵毟F方面發(fā)揮著重要作用

C.solutionofthepovertyproblemisattheirmercyC.貧困問(wèn)題的解決取決于他們

D.theyknowthelivingconditionsofthepoorbetterthanothergroupsD.他們比其他群體更了解窮人的生活條件

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞theelites和povertyresearch定位到原文第二段第一句，該句提到“精英階層在貧困產(chǎn)生和再生中的作用（theirfunctionsintheemergenceandreproductionofpoverty），與窮人本身一樣，都是貧困研究中有趣而重要的研究對(duì)象（anobjectforpovertyresearch）?！庇纱丝芍?，研究精英階層也有助于貧困研究，是因?yàn)樗麄冊(cè)谪毨Мa(chǎn)生和再生中的作用是貧困研究的研究對(duì)象。因此，B選項(xiàng)“他們?cè)谥圃旌驮僭熵毟F方面發(fā)揮著重要作用”符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“他們和窮人是同一個(gè)社會(huì)的成員”，原文并未提及，且與題干無(wú)關(guān)，該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有；

C選項(xiàng)“貧困問(wèn)題的解決取決于他們”，原文并未提及，該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有；

D選項(xiàng)“他們比其他群體更了解窮人的生活條件”，原文并未提及，該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有。

第2題:【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Whilesocialscientistsaredevotingmuchoftheirefforttopovertyresearch,____.雖然社會(huì)科學(xué)家們正致力于貧困研究，但是____。

A.notenoughlegalframeworkshavebeencreatedtorelievetheconditionofthepoorA.沒(méi)有建立足夠的法律框架來(lái)緩解窮人的狀況

B.theyhavedonelittletoactuallyprovidereliefprogramsforthepoorB.他們幾乎沒(méi)有為窮人提供實(shí)際的救濟(jì)項(xiàng)目

C.theyignoretheroleoftheelitesasanobjectforpovertyresearchC.他們忽視了精英階層作為貧困研究對(duì)象的作用

D.thepoorpeoplethemselvesdonotmuchappreciatesucheffortD.窮人自己并不怎么感激這種努力

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞povertyresearch定位到原文第一、二段。原文第一段介紹了“貧困研究的一些關(guān)注點(diǎn)（someofthepreoccupationsofpovertyresearch）”；第二段第一句提到“精英階層（Theelites）在貧困產(chǎn)生和再生產(chǎn)中的作用，是貧困研究的研究對(duì)象（anobjectforpovertyresearch）”；第二句提到“精英們對(duì)窮人和貧困的印象（imagesofthepoorandofpoverty）影響了他們的決策和行動(dòng)”；第三句提到“到目前為止，人們對(duì)這些形象知之甚少（littleisknownaboutthoseimages）”。綜上所述，關(guān)于“精英們對(duì)窮人和貧困的印象”，社會(huì)科學(xué)家們了解得很少，那么關(guān)于“這些印象對(duì)精英們決策和行動(dòng)的影響作用”的研究也很少，即社會(huì)科學(xué)家們很少研究精英階層在貧困產(chǎn)生和再生產(chǎn)中的作用。因此，C選項(xiàng)“他們忽視了精英階層作為貧困研究對(duì)象的作用”符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“沒(méi)有建立足夠的法律框架來(lái)緩解窮人的狀況”，原文并未提及，該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有；

B選項(xiàng)“他們幾乎沒(méi)有為窮人提供實(shí)際的救濟(jì)項(xiàng)目”，原文并未提及，該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有；

D選項(xiàng)“窮人自己并不怎么感激這種努力”，原文并未提及，該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有。

第3題:【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Intheeyesofthesociety,____.在社會(huì)的眼中，____。

A.thepoortendtosymbolizewhatlazyandevilpeopleturnouttobeA.窮人往往代表著懶惰和邪惡的人

B.thepoorarenotworthyofthesympathythesocietyshowsthemB.窮人不值得社會(huì)對(duì)他們的同情

C.economicprejudiceismoreofanobstacletothesolutionofpovertyC.經(jīng)濟(jì)偏見更多的是解決貧困問(wèn)題的障礙

D.thenon-poorshouldshowmoresympathyforthepoorD.非窮人應(yīng)該對(duì)窮人表示更多的同情

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞thesociety定位到原文第三段。本段最后一句提到“貧窮和窮人發(fā)揮著重要的象征作用，它提醒公民，如果不遵守（donotheed）節(jié)儉、勤奮和愛干凈的（thrift,diligenceandcleanliness）價(jià)值觀，將會(huì)遭遇厄運(yùn)，并提醒他們粗魯、不道德和暴力（therough,theimmoralandtheviolent）對(duì)社會(huì)構(gòu)成的持續(xù)威脅?！庇纱丝芍谏鐣?huì)的眼中，窮人的形象是“不節(jié)儉、不勤奮、不愛干凈、粗魯、不道德、暴力”，因此，A選項(xiàng)“窮人往往代表著懶惰和邪惡的人”符合原文。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)“窮人不值得社會(huì)對(duì)他們的同情”，原文并未提及，該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有；

C選項(xiàng)“經(jīng)濟(jì)偏見更多的是解決貧困問(wèn)題的障礙”。原文雖然提到了窮人被迫從事一些有辱人格或不干凈的工作，也只能享受得起質(zhì)量不高的服務(wù)，但是，原文并沒(méi)有說(shuō)，在社會(huì)看來(lái)，這是解決貧困問(wèn)題的障礙，該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有；

D選項(xiàng)“非窮人應(yīng)該對(duì)窮人表示更多的同情”，原文并未提及，該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有。

第4題:【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Theword“pronounced”inthelastsentenceofthepassageprobablymeans____.文章最后一句中的“pronounced”可能是____的意思。

A.sympatheticA.同情的

B.conspicuousB.出色的

C.identifiableC.可辨認(rèn)的

D.unbridgeableD.無(wú)法彌合的

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】詞匯推測(cè)題

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞pronounced和thelastsentence定位到原文最后一句，該句提到“在精英和窮人之間，這種分離更為____?！庇纱丝芍?，pronounced修飾的是“分離”。前文講的是窮人和非窮人在物理、社會(huì)以及概念上的分離，而定位句講的是精英與窮人之間的分離，根據(jù)常識(shí)，這種分離應(yīng)該是更明顯的。另外，pronounced的本意是“明顯的”，因此，C選項(xiàng)“可辨認(rèn)的”最符合原文。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A選項(xiàng)“同情的”、B選項(xiàng)“出色的”、D選項(xiàng)“無(wú)法彌合的”，不符合原文語(yǔ)義銜接。

第5題:【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Inthepassage,theauthorismainlyconcernedwith____.在本文中，作者主要關(guān)注的是____。

A.analyzingaproblemA.分析問(wèn)題

B.providingasolutionB.提供解決辦法

C.definingasituationC.明確一個(gè)狀況

D.outliningaproposalD.概述一項(xiàng)提議

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題

【解題思路】原文第一段主要內(nèi)容，研究人員對(duì)窮人進(jìn)行了研究并列出了貧困研究的一些關(guān)注點(diǎn)；第二段主要內(nèi)容，精英階層在貧困產(chǎn)生和再生中的作用也是貧困研究的研究對(duì)象，但是精英們很可能會(huì)忽視或否認(rèn)他們自己的行為（和疏漏）對(duì)窮人生活條件的外部影響，接著介紹了一些不好的影響；第三段主要內(nèi)容，貧窮的經(jīng)濟(jì)功能；第四段的主要內(nèi)容，窮人與非窮人（以及精英）之間的分離。綜上所述，本文主要圍繞貧困研究的研究對(duì)象之一精英階層在貧困產(chǎn)生和再生中的作用展開，著重介紹了精英們的行為的影響下，窮人及貧困的現(xiàn)狀。因此，C選項(xiàng)“明確一個(gè)狀況”更符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“分析問(wèn)題”，雖然說(shuō)原文“明確精英們的行為的影響下，窮人及貧困的現(xiàn)狀”也算是在分析貧困問(wèn)題，但是C選項(xiàng)“明確一個(gè)狀況”表述更準(zhǔn)確，作者主要關(guān)注的是貧困問(wèn)題研究中的這一個(gè)現(xiàn)狀。如果說(shuō)作者主要關(guān)注的是分析問(wèn)題的話，就會(huì)詳細(xì)分析這個(gè)問(wèn)題的原因、解決辦法等，而原文并沒(méi)有這么做，該選項(xiàng)屬于推理過(guò)度。

B選項(xiàng)“提供解決辦法”，原文并未提出任何解決辦法，該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有；

D選項(xiàng)“概述一項(xiàng)提議”，原文并未提出任何提議，該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有。

7.單選題

Afarmermustlearnthekindsofcropsbest（）thesoilsonhisfarm.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.accustomedto

B.committedto

C.appliedto

D.suitedto

【答案】D

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A項(xiàng)accustomto“習(xí)慣于”，B項(xiàng)committo“把……投入，交付”，C項(xiàng)applyto“適用于，應(yīng)用于”，D項(xiàng)suitto“適合于”。句意：農(nóng)民必須了解最適合他農(nóng)場(chǎng)土壤的作物種類。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，只有suitto最合適；因此，該題D項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

Theelectricshaver（）beforeitcanbeused.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.needsrepairing

B.shouldbeinrepair

C.hastoberepairable

D.mustrepair

【答案】A

【解析】考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。electricshaver和repair是被動(dòng)的關(guān)系，電動(dòng)刮胡刀只能被修。A選項(xiàng)need做實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)，主語(yǔ)若是物，動(dòng)詞則要用動(dòng)名詞或不定式的被動(dòng)形式作賓語(yǔ)，故A選項(xiàng)正確。B、C、D選項(xiàng)均沒(méi)有被動(dòng)意義。句意：電動(dòng)剃須刀需要修理才能使用。因此,本題的正確答案是A選項(xiàng)。

9.單選題

FortheGreeks,beautywasavirtue:akindofexcellence.Personsthenwereassumedtobewhatwenowhavetocall—lamely,enviously—wholepersons.IfitdidoccurtotheGreekstodistinguishbetweenaperson’s“inside”and“outside,”theystillexpectedthatinnerbeautywouldbematchedbybeautyoftheoilierkind.Thewell-bornyoungAthenianswhogatheredaroundSocratesfounditquiteparadoxicalthattheirherowassointelligent,sobrave,sohonorable,soseductive—andsougly.OneofSocrates’mainpedagogicalactswastobeugly—andteachthoseinnocent,nodoubtsplendid-lookingdisciplesofhishowfullofparadoxeslifereallywas.

TheymayhaveresistedSocrates’lesson.Wedonot.Severalthousandyearslater,wearemorewaryoftheenchantmentsofbeauty,wenotonlysplitoff-withthegreatestfacility-the“inside”(character,intellect)fromthe“outside’’(looks);butweareactuallysurprisedwhensomeonewhoisbeautifulisalsointelligent,talented,good.

ItwasprincipallytheinfluenceofChristianitythatdeprivedbeautyofthecentralplaceithadinclassicalidealshumanexcellence.Bylimitingexcellence(virtusinLatin)tomoralvirtueonly,Christianitysetbeautyadrift—asanalienated,arbitrary,superficialenchantment.Andbeautyhascontinuedtoloseprestige.Forclosetotwocenturiesithasbecomeaconventiontoattributebeautytoonlyoneofthetwosexes:thesexwhich,howeverfair,isalwayssecond.Associatingbeautywithwomenhasputbeautyevenfurtheronthedefensive,morally.

Anumberwomen,wesayinEnglish,butahandsomeman.“Handsome”isthemasculineequivalentof—andrefusalof—acomplimentwhichhasaccumulatedcertaindemeaningovertones,bybeingreservedforwomenonly.Thatonecanallaman“beautiful”inFrenchandinItaliansuggeststhatCatholiccountries—unlikethosecountriesshapedbytheProtestantversionofChristianity—stillremainsomevestigesofthepaganadmirationforbeauty.Butthedifference,ifoneexists,isofdegreeonly.IneverymoderncountrythatisChristianorpost-Christian,womenarethebeautifulsex-tothedetrimentofthenotionofbeautyaswellasofwomen.

1.Theauthormeansby“wholepersons”inPara1（

）.

2.WhydoestheauthorspeculatethatSocrates’disciplesmayhaveresistedhislessons?

3.Theauthordoesnotthinkofitasa(n)

（

）

tocallwomenthebeautifulsex.

4.Howdopeoplereacttodaywhentheymeetsomewomanwhoenjoysbothbeautyandintelligence?

5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTlineaccordingtothepassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.personsofbeauty

B.personsofvirtue

C.personsofexcellence

D.noneoftheabove

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.BecauseSocrateswasugly.

B.BecauseSocratestaughtthemtobecritical.

C.Becausetheyhadadifferentexpectation.

D.Becausetheywereinnocent.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.compliment

B.insult

C.abuse

D.humiliation

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theyfeelthisissurprisingtothem.

B.Theyfeeljealousofthewoman.

C.Theyfeelthisispitifulforthewoman.

D.Theyfeelthisisquitenatural

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Christianitydrawsadistinctionbetweenbeautyandexcellence.

B.PeoplehaslosttheiradmirationforbeautythroughoutChristiansociety.

C.“Handsome”istheequivalentof“beautiful”inmeaning.

D.Womenarethoughttobeinferior.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.推理判斷題。題目問(wèn)的是“在第一段中，作者提及的wholepersons指代……”。文章第一段第二三句提到“那時(shí)候的人被認(rèn)為是我們現(xiàn)在所說(shuō)的跛腳的、愛嫉妒的—完整的人。如果希臘人真能區(qū)分一個(gè)人的‘內(nèi)在美’和‘外在美’……”（Personsthenwereassumedtobewhatwenowhavetocall—lamely,enviously—wholepersons.IfitdidoccurtotheGreekstodistinguishbetweenaperson’s“inside”and“outside”…），由此可以看出，“完整的人”指代既有內(nèi)在美又有外在美的人，選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

2.推理判斷題。題目問(wèn)的是“作者猜測(cè)為什么蘇格拉底的弟子們拒絕其教學(xué)”。文章第一段提到“聚集在蘇格拉底周圍的那些出身良好的雅典青年發(fā)現(xiàn)了這樣一種矛盾的情景：他們?nèi)绱寺敾?、勇敢、受人尊重、有魅力，但容貌卻如此丑陋”（Thewell-bornyoungAthenianswhogatheredaroundSocratesfounditquiteparadoxicalthattheirherowassointelligent,sobrave,sohonorable,soseductive—andsougly）。蘇格拉底弟子們預(yù)想的真正的“完人”應(yīng)該是內(nèi)外皆美的，與蘇格拉底教學(xué)的“主要行為之一就是丑陋”矛盾，由此可以看出他的弟子與其期望不同，選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問(wèn)的是“作者不認(rèn)為稱呼女性美麗的性別是一種……”。文章第四段提到“美麗由于只用于女性，已經(jīng)帶上了某種蔑視的含義”（acomplimentwhichhasaccumulatedcertaindemeaningovertones,bybeingreservedforwomenonly），所以選項(xiàng)A“恭維”符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問(wèn)的是“今天的人們遇上一個(gè)美貌與智慧并存的女性時(shí)的反應(yīng)是……”。文章第二段提到“但是我們?yōu)橐粋€(gè)美麗、智慧、有天分并且善良的人感到吃驚”（butweareactuallysurprisedwhensomeonewhoisbeautifulisalsointelligent,talented,good），選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問(wèn)的是“根據(jù)文章所述，下列說(shuō)法不正確的是……”。文章最后一段提到“一個(gè)人在法國(guó)和意大利語(yǔ)中都可以被稱為‘美麗的’，這表明天主教國(guó)家不想那些被新教版本的基督教所塑造的國(guó)家仍然保持著異教徒對(duì)美麗的崇拜的痕跡”（Thatonecanallaman“beautiful”inFrenchandinItaliansuggeststhatCatholiccountries—unlikethosecountriesshapedbytheProtestantversionofChristianity—stillremainsomevestigesofthepaganadmirationforbeauty），選項(xiàng)B“整個(gè)基督教社會(huì)已經(jīng)不再崇拜美麗”與原文不符，所以符合題意。

10.單選題

Brusselswarnedthatactionisneededtoavoidtherisksof（）effectsontheFrencheconomy,inviewofthecountry’scurrenteconomicdifficultiesanditsexcessivedeficit.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.vulgar

B.spiral

C.divine

D.adverse

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)vulgar表示“粗俗的，通俗的”；B選項(xiàng)spiral表示“盤旋的，螺旋的”；C選項(xiàng)divine表示“神圣的，非凡的”；D選項(xiàng)adverse表示“不利的，相反的，敵對(duì)的”。由后文中的“thecountry’scurrenteconomicdifficultiesanditsexcessivedeficit”可知，目前法國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況已經(jīng)不佳，所以法案的提出需要避免對(duì)法國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)產(chǎn)生不利影響。因此，本題正確答案為D選項(xiàng)。

11.單選題

Ithinkshehurtmyfeelings（）ratherthanbyaccidentassheclaimed.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.virtually

B.literally

C.appropriately

D.deliberately

【答案】D

【解析】根據(jù)下半句“ratherthanbyaccident..”可推測(cè),“我認(rèn)為她是故意傷害我的感情而不是她聲稱的偶然傷害”。所以選項(xiàng)D符合語(yǔ)境。

12.單選題

Iseemtohavereachedarathergloomyconclusion,butIthinkthatsomethingcheerfulmaystillbe______fromit.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.derived

B.extracted

C.abstracted

D.adapted

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)derive“源自，獲得”，B項(xiàng)extract“提取，抽取”，C項(xiàng)abstract“摘要，抽象化”，D項(xiàng)adapt“適應(yīng)”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞conclusion“結(jié)論”可知，空格部分對(duì)應(yīng)“獲得”更符合語(yǔ)境。句意：我似乎得出了一個(gè)相當(dāng)悲觀的結(jié)論，但我認(rèn)為仍可能從中得到一些令人高興的東西。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

13.翻譯題

Despitethechokingsmog,Beijingisstillthenumberonechoiceforgraduatejobseekersbasedonits“softenvironment”,accordingtoareportpublishedlastTuesday.TheChinesecapitalisthepreferredchoiceforfindingworkowingtoitssocialenvironment,economicdevelopment,infrastructure,consumptionhabitsandinternationalizedatmosphere.Althoughmetropolisesarestilltopchoicesforgraduatestoworkin,thepastthreeyearshaveseenmoreuniversityandcollegegraduatesworkinprefecture-levelcities,orevensmallercities.

【答案】據(jù)上周二發(fā)布的一份報(bào)告顯示，盡管煙霧彌漫，但基于“軟環(huán)境”，北京仍然是畢業(yè)生求職者的首選。由于中國(guó)的社會(huì)環(huán)境、經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展、基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施、消費(fèi)習(xí)慣和國(guó)際化的氛圍，中國(guó)首都是求職的首選。盡管大城市仍然是畢業(yè)生就業(yè)的首選，但在過(guò)去的三年里，越來(lái)越多的大學(xué)畢業(yè)生到地級(jí)市，甚至更小的城市工作。

14.單選題

Science,inpractice,dependsfarlessontheexperimentsitpreparesthanonthepreparednessofthemindsofthemenwhowatchtheexperiments.SirIsaacNewtonsupposedlydiscoveredgravitythroughthefallofanapple.Appleshadbeenfallinginmanyplacesforcenturiesandthousandsofpeoplehadseenthemfall.ButNewtonforyearshadbeencuriousaboutthecauseoftheorbitalmotionofthemoonandplanets.Whatkepttheminplace?Whydidn’ttheyfalloutofthesky?Thefactthattheapplefelldowntowardtheearthandnotupintothetreeansweredthequestionhehadbeenaskinghimselfaboutthoselargerfruitsoftheheavens,themoonandtheplanets.

Howmanymenwouldhaveconsideredthepossibilityofanapplefallingupintothetree?Newtondidbecausehewasnottryingtopredictanything.Hewasjustwondering.Hismindwasreadyfortheunpredictable.Unpredictabilityispartoftheessentialnatureofresearch.Ifyoudon’thaveunpredictablethings,youdon’thaveresearch.Scientiststendtoforgetthiswhenwritingtheircutanddriedreportsforthetechnicaljournalsbuthistoryisfilledwithexamplesofit.

Intalkingtosomescientists,particularlyyoungerones,youmightgathertheimpressionthattheyfindthe“scientificmethod”asubstituteforimaginativethought.I’veattendedresearchconferenceswhereascientisthasbeenaskedwhathethinksabouttheadvisabilityofcontinuingacertainexperiment.Thescientisthasfrowned,lookedatthegraphs,andsaid“thedataarestillinconclusive.”“Weknowthat,”themenfromthebudgetofficehavesaid,“butwhatdoyouthink?Isitworthwhilegoingon?Whatdoyouthinkwemightexpect?”Thescientisthasbeenshockedathavingevenbeenaskedtospeculate.

Whatthisamountsto,ofcourse,isthatthescientisthasbecomethevictimofhisownwritings.Hehasputforwardunquestionedclaimssoconsistentlythathenotonlybelievesthemhimself,buthasconvincedindustrialandbusinessmanagementthattheyaretrue.Ifexperimentsareplannedandcarriedoutaccordingtoplanasfaithfullyasthereportsinthesciencejournalsindicate,thenitisperfectlylogicalformanagementtoexpectresearchtoproduceresultsmeasurableindollarsandcents.Itisentirelyreasonableforauditorstobelievethatscientistswhoknowexactlywheretheyaregoingandhowtheywillgetthereshouldnotbedistractedbythenecessityofkeepingoneeyeonthecashregisterwhiletheothereyeisonthemicroscope.Nor,ifregularityandconformitytoastandardpatternareasdesirabletothescientistasthewritingofhispaperswouldappeartoreflect,ismanagementtobeblamedfordiscriminatingagainstthe“oddballs”amongresearchersinfavorofmoreconventionalthinkerswho“workwellwiththeteam.”

1.TheauthorwantstoprovewiththeexampleofIsaacNewtonthat（）.

2.Theauthorassertsthatscientists（）.

3.Itseemsthatsomeyoungscientists（）.

4.Theauthorimpliesthattheresultsofscientificresearch（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.inquiringmindsaremoreimportantthanscientificexperiments

B.scienceadvanceswhenfruitfulresearchersareconducted

C.scientistsseldomforgettheessentialnatureofresearch

D.unpredictabilityweighslessthanpredictioninscientificresearch

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.shouldn’treplace“scientificmethod”withimaginativethought

B.shouldn’tneglecttospeculateonunpredictablethings

C.shouldwritemoreconcisereportsfortechnicaljournals

D.shouldbeconfidentabouttheirresearchfindings

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.haveakeeninterestin

B.oftenspeculateonthefutureprediction

C.thinkhighlyofcreativethinking

D.stickto“scientificmethod”

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.maynotbeasprofitableastheyareexpected

B.canbemeasuredindollarsandcents

C.relyonconformitytoastandardpattern

D.aremostlyunderestimatedbymanagement

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:A

【解析】1.推斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段，“Science,inpractice,dependsfarlessontheexperimentsitpreparesthanonthepreparednessofthemindsofthemenwhowatchtheexperiments.”，可知在實(shí)踐中，科學(xué)與其說(shuō)依賴于它所準(zhǔn)備的實(shí)驗(yàn)，不如說(shuō)依賴于人對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)的思考。下文就用牛頓發(fā)現(xiàn)地心引力的例子證明了這一觀點(diǎn)?？膳袛喑鲎髡呦胗冒_克?牛頓的例子來(lái)證明求知的思維比科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)更重要。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

2.作者態(tài)度題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“Unpredictabilityispartoftheessentialnatureofresearch.Ifyoudon’thaveunpredictablethings,youdon’thaveresearch.”，可知不可預(yù)測(cè)性是研究的本質(zhì)之一。如果你沒(méi)有不可預(yù)測(cè)的東西，你就沒(méi)有研究?？膳袛喑鲎髡邎?jiān)信科學(xué)家不應(yīng)忽視對(duì)不可預(yù)測(cè)的事情進(jìn)行推測(cè)。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段，“Intalkingtosomescientists,particularlyyoungerones,youmightgathertheimpressionthattheyfindthe“scientificmethod”asubstituteforimaginativethought.”，可知在與一些科學(xué)家，尤其是年輕的科學(xué)家交談時(shí)，你可能會(huì)得到這樣的印象：他們發(fā)現(xiàn)科學(xué)方法可以代替富有想象力的思維?？膳袛喑鲆恍┠贻p的科學(xué)家似乎會(huì)堅(jiān)持使用科學(xué)方法而不是富有想象力的思維。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

4.推斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段，“Ifexperimentsareplannedandcarriedoutaccordingtoplanasfaithfullyasthereportsinthesciencejournalsindicate,thenitisperfectlylogicalformanagementtoexpectresearchtoproduceresultsmeasurableindollarsandcents.”，可知如果實(shí)驗(yàn)是像科學(xué)雜志上的報(bào)告所表明的那樣，如實(shí)地按照計(jì)劃進(jìn)行規(guī)劃和實(shí)施，那么管理層期望研究能產(chǎn)生相應(yīng)的利益是完全合乎邏輯的。但是有時(shí)候科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)的結(jié)果不會(huì)驗(yàn)證預(yù)測(cè)，并不像期望中的那么有利可圖。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

15.單選題

Onlynative-borncitizensare（）fortheU.S.Presidency.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.eligible

B.elegant

C.legitimate

D.liable

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)eligible“有資格的”；B選項(xiàng)elegant“優(yōu)雅的”；C選項(xiàng)legitimate“合法的；合理的”；D選項(xiàng)liable“有責(zé)任的”。句意：只有本國(guó)出生的公民才……成為美國(guó)總統(tǒng)。成為美國(guó)總統(tǒng)的前提條件是Onlynative-borncitizens“只有本國(guó)出生的公民”，意味著非美國(guó)出生的公民是沒(méi)資格任職。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

16.單選題

Shedidherwork（

）hermanagerhadinstructed.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.until

B.when

C.as

D.though

【答案】C

【解析】句意:她照經(jīng)理說(shuō)的做自己的工作。

連詞辨析。As按照，如同,引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ),符合句意。until直到,引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句;when當(dāng)…時(shí)候,引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句;though即使,引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。

17.單選題

“GangnamStyle”，the（

）popularsongfromSouthKoreanrecordingartistPSYhasjustbecomethemostwatchedvideoonYouTubeever.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.sanely

B.insanely

C.rationally

D.insatiably

【答案】B

【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。sanely“穩(wěn)健地，理智地”；insanely“瘋狂地，精神錯(cuò)亂地”；rationally“理性地，講道理地”；insatiably“貪得無(wú)厭地，無(wú)法滿足地”。句意：韓國(guó)唱片藝人PSY的瘋狂流行的“江南Style”在YouTube上成了觀看次數(shù)最多的視頻。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

18.單選題

Mostcellsaretransparent—inotherwords,theyarenotverygoodatreflectingorabsorbinglight.Tolookatthemunderamicroscopethusrequirestrickery.Manyofthesetrickskillthecells,andeventhosethatkeepthemalivelookonlyatslicesthrougheachcell,ratherthanseeingthewholethinginthreedimensions.MichaelFeld,oftheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology,andhiscolleagues,thinktheycanchangethat.Theyhaveinventedawaytolookatcellsthatarestillalive.Moreover,theycandosointhreedimensions.Theirmethodiscalledtomographicphasemicroscopy,anditisreportedinthisweek’sNatureMethods.Insteadofrelyingonabsorbedorreflectedlight,Dr.Feld’stechniquecelebratestransparencybylookingatlightthatgetsthroughunaltered.Itdoessobymeasuringapropertycalledtherefractiveindex.

Thisindexmeasuresthespeedoflightinamaterial.(Lightzipsalongattheactual“speedoflight”,fasterthanwhichnothingcango,onlywhenitistravellingthroughavacuum.)Thedifferentcomponentsofacell,thoughtransparent,havedifferentrefractiveindices.Dr.Feldandhisteamthereforesetouttomapwhatthesedifferencesare,withaviewtousingthemtodistinguishbetweencellularcomponents.

Tomeasuretherefractiveindicesofdifferentpartsofacelltheyuseatechniquecalledinterferometry,whichinvolvessplittingabeamoflightintwo.Onehalf,knownastheobjectbeam,passesthroughthecell;theotherisdirectedalongadifferentpathandactasareference.Thelengthofthereferencepathissuchthatifnosampleispresent,thetwodaughterbeamswillbeasperfectlyinphasewhentheymeetastheywerewhentheywereseparated.Thecrestsandthetroughsoftheirwaveswillreinforceeachother,andtheresultwillbebrightness.Themorethatthelightpassingthroughthesampleissloweddown,however,themorethetwobeamswillbeoutofphase.Crestwillfallontrough,andtheresultwillbedarkness.ItisthisphaseshiftthatgivesDr.Feld’snewformofmicroscopyitsname.

Asinglepairofbeamsdoesnot,however,produceausefulimage.Todothatrequiresscanningtheobjectbeamthroughthetargetaboutahundreddifferentways.Fromtherefractiveindexofeachpathitispossible—withtheapplicationofsomesuitablycrunchycomputingpower—toproduceathree-dimensionalimage.

Totesthisidea,Dr.Feldlookedatcervical-cancercells.Ifyouidentifythiscancerearly,thepatientwillprobablysurvive.Missit,andhe/shewilldie.Dr.Feldwonderedifthechangesthatoccurduringcancerwouldshowupusinghisnewmethod.Theydid,inapartofthecellcalledthenucleolus.Thisistheplacewherethecomponentsofproteinfactoriesaremade.Sincecancercellsgrowrapidly,andthushaveahighdemandforproteins,itwasalikelyplacetoexpectchanges.

Dr.Feldalsohasplanstousebeamsofdiff